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[EN] After a few decades of enthusiasm for the use of CAD tools in architectural design, there is now concern about the impaired creativity in the process of creating the project, due to the standardization of computer processing and the repetitive movement of the hands. Several theories suggest that haptic perception during freehand drawing favors creativity and thus generation of new ideas. Research on brain function has shown that perceived hand movements can trigger activity in cognitively relevant areas of the parietal and frontal cortex, possibly related to creativity. However, so far no experimental studies have been conducted to analyze the brain activity during hand drawing. This article describes an investigation in which the electroencephalographic activity during freehand architectural drawing has been compared to CAD drawing with a mouse. The results obtained reveal that hand drawing is related to increased brain activity, which would support the hypothesis that creativity is enhanced by free hand movements on paper., [ES] Tras algunas décadas de entusiasmo por el uso de las herramientas CAD en el diseño arquitectónico, surge ahora la preocupación sobre la pérdida de creatividad en el proceso de creación del proyecto, debido a la estandarización del procesamiento informático y al movimiento repetitivo de las manos. Diferentes teorías defienden que la percepción háptica durante el dibujo a mano alzada favorece la creatividad y así la generación de nuevas ideas. Las investigaciones sobre la función cerebral han demostrado que el movimiento percibido de la mano puede generar actividad en áreas cognitivamente relevantes de la corteza parietal y frontal, posiblemente relacionadas con la creatividad. Sin embargo, hasta el momento no se han realizado estudios experimentales para analizar la actividad cerebral durante el dibujo a mano. El presente artículo describe una investigación llevada a cabo en la que se ha comparado la actividad electroencefalográfica durante el dibujo arquitectónico a mano alzada frente al dibujo CAD con ratón. Los resultados obtenidos revelan que el dibujo a mano está relacionado con una actividad cerebral mayor, lo que respaldaría la tesis de que la creatividad se ve reforzada por los movimientos libres de la mano sobre el papel.

The genus Roeseliana presently includes 10 specific or subspecific taxa, but following different authors some of them are considered synonyms. However, the authors who have treated these taxa often did not agree with the synonymies, in particular, concerning some taxa, such as R. fedtschenkoi (Saussure, 1874) and R. roeselii (Hagenbach, 1822). The present authors examined hundreds of specimens of different taxa, for the first time were able to obtain the translation from the Russian of the description of R. fedtschenkoi, compared the main morphological characters used to discriminate different taxa, biometrics, bioacoustics and genetics of some taxa. This allowed them to conclude that it is possible to recognize the following taxa: 1) Roeseliana roeselii (Hagenbach, 1822) widespread in the Palaearctic Region and imported in North America; 2) Roeseliana fedtschenkoi (Saussure, 1874) in Uzbekistan and Turkmenistan; 3) Roeseliana pylnovi (Uvarov, 1924) in the Caucasian region; 4) Roeseliana bispina (Bolívar, 1899) in Turkey; 5) Roeseliana azami (Finot, 1892) from the Mediterranean France through Italian peninsula (formerly R. azami minor Nadig, 1961); 6) R. ambitiosa (Uvarov, 1924) on the Balkan peninsula; 7) Roeseliana n. sp. Lemonnier-Darcemont & Darcemont, (in press) on Epirus (Greece and Albania); 8) Roeseliana brunneri Ramme 1951 in north east Italy (Veneto, Friuli and Po Valley); 9) Roeseliana oporina (Bolívar, 1887) in Spain.

Cracks are fractures or breaks that occur in materials such as concrete, metals, rocks, and other solids. Various methods are used to detect and monitor cracks; among many of them, image-based methodologies allow fast identification of the distress and easy quantification of the percentage of cracks in the scene. Two main categories can be identified: classical and deep learning approaches. In the last decade, the tendency has moved towards the use of the latter. Even though they have proven their outstanding predicting performance, they suffer some drawbacks: a “black-box” nature leaves the user blind and without the possibility of modifying any parameters, a huge amount of labeled data is generally needed, a process that requires expert judgment is always required, and, finally, they tend to be time-consuming. Accordingly, the present study details the methodology for a new algorithm for crack segmentation based on the theory of minimal path selection combined with a region-based approach obtained through the segmentation of texture features extracted using Gabor filters. A pre-processing step is described, enabling the equalization of brightness and shadows, which results in better detection of local minima. These local minimal are constrained by a minimum distance between adjacent points, enabling a better coverage of the cracks. Afterward, a region-based segmentation technique is introduced to determine two areas that are used to determine threshold values used for rejection. This step is critical to generalize the algorithm to images presenting close-up scenes or wide cracks. Finally, a geometrical thresholding step is presented, allowing the exclusion of rounded areas and small isolated cracks. The results showed a very competitive F1-score (0.839), close to state-of-the-art values achieved with deep learning techniques. The main advantage of this approach is the transparency of the workflow, contrary to what happens with deep learning frameworks. In the proposed approach, no prior information is required; however, the statistical parameters may have to be adjusted to the particular case and requirements of the situation. The proposed algorithm results in a useful tool for researchers and practitioners needing to validate their results against some reference or needing labeled data for their models. Moreover, the current study could establish the grounds to standardize the procedure for crack segmentation with a lower human bias and faster results. The direct application of the methodology to images obtained with any low-cost sensor makes the proposed algorithm an operational support tool for authorities needing crack detection systems in order to monitor and evaluate the current state of the infrastructures, such as roads, tunnels, or bridges.

Roeseliana azami (Finot, 1892) Figs. 1b, 3d, 5e, 5f, 7e, 8c, 11, 23h Finot, 1892. Bull. Soc. entomol. Fr., 61: xxxv (Platycleis azami); type locality and depository: France, between Cogolin and La Foux, Var (MNHN, Paris). Material examined. France, Var VI.1888, Azam (1♁, 1♀ syntypes) (MNCN); France, Var, Azam (1♁, 1♀) (NMW); France, Crau, Bouches du Rhone VI.1967, M. Descamps (1♁, 1♀) (MCR, coll. P. Fontana); France, Cogolin 14.IX.1906 (1♁, 1♀) (NMP); France, La Foux, Var, Delmas (1♁, 1♀) (MSNG); France, Gard, Le Cailar 5.VI.1993, A. Foucart (2♁, 3♀); France, between St. Gilles and Arles 5.VII.1987, Ponel (1♁) (CBGP); France, Lattes (Montpellier) 23.VI.2019, B. Nabkolz (2♁) (BMPC). Remarks. R. azami is characterized by the incision of the female subgenital plate. Nadig (1961), Harz (1969) and Massa et al. (2012) considered R. azami the nominate subspecies with minor as other subspecies, while Ĝtz (1969) moved it to subspecies of R. fedtschenkoi, Defaut (1999, 2001) followed Ĝtz’s opinion, Puissant & Voisin (1999), Voisin (2003) and Massa & Fontana (2011) considered it as a valid species. Male titillators have only few large spines in their half apical apex and their tip is less curved and stouter than that of R. azami minor and R. brunneri (Figs. 5e, 5f), the supragenital plate and the cerci of the male and the subgenital plate of the female are reported in Figs. 7e and 8c. The 10 th tergite of the male has a very long, broad and triangular processes (in R. brunneri processes are very large and separated by a wide incision), tooth of cerci short, rounded and placed in the last fourth (as in R. brunneri; in R. roeselii they are longer, placed in the last third and are more pointed); titillators of R. azami are similar to those of R. brunneri (folded as a hook), while those of R. roeselii show a very different shape (straight with apical spines) (cf. Fig. 5); in addition, the female subgenital plate of R. azami is as large as long, incised for half the length and its lobes are rounded (similarly to that of R. brunneri), while that of R. roeselii is laterally enlarged and its lobes are pointed (cf. also Massa & Fontana 2011). Fully-winged specimens are unknown. See also Tables 2 and 4. Distribution. Region du Var (Mediterranean France). Bardiani & Buzzetti (2010) recorded it from Liguria, but see below R. azami minor., Published as part of Massa, Bruno, Tagliavia, Marcello, Buzzetti, Filippo Maria, Fontana, Paolo, Carotti, Giovanni, Bardiani, Marco, Leandri, Fausto, Scherini, Roberto & Verde, Gabriella Lo, 2023, A taxonomic revision of the Palaearctic genus Roeseliana (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Tettigoniinae: Platycleidini): a case of ongoing Mediterranean speciation, pp. 351-400 in Zootaxa 5270 (3) on pages 363-364, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5270.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/7859886, {"references":["Nadig, A. (1961) Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Orthopteren der Schweiz und angrenzender Gebiete: II. Neue und wenig bekannte Formen aus der insubrischen Region. Mitteilungen der Schweizerischen Entomologischen Gesellschaft, 34, 271 - 300.","Harz, K. (1969) Die Orthopteren Europas I. Series Entomologica, 5, 1 - 749. [http: // books. google. com / books? id = lK 5 NZrudROMC] https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 94 - 017 - 2511 - 8 _ 1","Massa, B., Fontana, P. Buzzetti, F. M., Kleukers, R. & Ode, B. (2012) Fauna d'Italia. XLVIII. Orthoptera. Calderini ed., Bologna, 563 + CCXIV pp.","Defaut, B. (1999) La determination des Orthopteres de France. Materiaux Orthopteriques Entomocenotiques, 2, 1 - 83.","Defaut, B. (2001) Actualisation taxonomique et nomenclaturale du´Synopsis des orthopteres de France \". Materiaux Orthopteriques Entomocenotiques, 6, 107 - 112.","Puissant, S. & Voisin, J. F. (1999) Metrioptera (Bicolorana) bicolor (Philippi, 1830), espece nouvelle pour les Pyrenees- Orientales, son macropterisme, comparaison avec M. (Roeseliana) azami (Finot, 1892) (Orthoptera, Tettigoniidae). Bulletin Societe entomologique France, 104 (3), 263 - 266. https: // doi. org / 10.3406 / bsef. 1999.16578","Voisin, J. - F. (Ed.) (2003) Atlas des Orthopteres et des Mantides de France. Patrimoines Naturels, 60, 1 - 104.","Massa, B. & Fontana, P. (2011) Supraspecific taxonomy of Palaearctic Platycleidini with unarmed prosternum: a morphological approach (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Tettigoniinae). Zootaxa, 2837 (1), 1 - 47. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 2837.1.1","Bardiani, M. & Buzzetti, F. M. (2010) Blattari e Ortotteri delle Riserve Naturali \" Agoraie di Sopra e Moggetto \" (Liguria, Genova) e \" Guadine Pradaccio \" (Emilia-Romagna, Parma) (Blattaria, Orthoptera). Bollettino Associazione romana Entomologia, 64 (2009), 69 - 90."]}

Genus Roeseliana Zeuner, 1941 Morphological analysis Characters of the genus Roeseliana The genus Roeseliana was described by Zeuner (1941), who named it after the Austrian entomologist August Johann R̂sel von Rosenhof. However, several authors preferred to maintain Roeseliana as subgenus of the genus Metrioptera Wesmael, 1838. More recently, Massa & Fontana (2011) carried out a revision of Platycleidini and raised again Roeseliana to generic level. According to previous authors (Zeuner 1941; Massa & Fontana 2011), these are the characters of the genus: head slightly broader than long, ratio maximum width/length of head (from vertex to clipeus): 1.2–1.3. Brachypterous, rarely holopterous, pronotum flat, just depressed, margins rounded, humeral excision just evident, keel present in the metazona; ♀ subgenital plate large, bilobate, at the sides not touching the ovipositor; ovipositor short and clearly curved, somewhat angular at 1/3 from the base; ♀ VIIth sternite modified or not; hind femora/pronotum length ♁: 2.7–3.5, ♀: 2.7–3.6; ♁ Xth tergite with very broad processes separated by an incision, long cylindrical cerci, with a pre-apical inner spine. Colour of lateral lobes of the pronotum greyish bordered with a whitish stripe. Diagnosis. Tenth tergite of male with very broad anal segment, rounded cerci and short ovipositor are useful characters to separate Roeseliana from Metrioptera and Bicolorana Zeuner, 1941; with the latter Roeseliana shares the female subgenital plate not touching the ovipositor. Ovipositor— Figs. 1–2, Table 2 The shape of the ovipositor is fairly variable, but we could find taxa/populations with fine ovipositor (R. pylnovi, R. roeselii, R. azami minor from Lombardy, Piedmont and Emilia-Romagna, R. ambitiosa), and those with deeper ovipositor (R. azami, R. azami minor from Tuscany and Marche, R. brunneri and R. bispina). However, the ovipositor angle resulted also variable in the different taxa/populations, smaller in R. pylnovi, R. oporina, R. azami, R. azami minor from Lombardy, Piedmont, Emilia-Romagna and Tuscany, R. brunneri and R. bispina, bigger in others, namely R. roeselii, R. azami minor from Marche and R. ambitiosa. Stridulatory file— Fig. 3, Table 2 We describe preliminary the stridulatory file of different taxa/populations, that are very similar in their structure (Fig. 3). The length is ca. 1.2 mm, while the depth may range from 0.20 to 0.35 mm. Stridulatory file is a little arched, the total number of teeth ranges between 40 and 80 (R. brunneri: ca. 70–80 with 15 central larger; R. azami minor from Tuscany: ca. 50 with 15 central larger; R. azami minor from Piedmont: ca. 40, with 15 central larger; R. azami: ca. 45, more or less of the same size; R. roeselii: ca. 50, with 12–13 central larger teeth; R. ambitiosa: ca. 50 with at least 40 teeth of more or less the same size and a few very small teeth in the proximal part; R. bispina: ca. 60, more or less of the same size; R. pylnovi: ca. 50, with 12–13 central larger). Generally, the stridulatory file in its proximal part bears very small teeth (about 15–20), dense, decreasing in size and evenly spaced, the central part is composed of ca. 12–15 widely spaced larger teeth (with some exceptions, like in R. azami, R. bispina and R. ambitiosa), the distal part is composed of about 8–10 very small teeth. The differences are noted in Table 2. Female subgenital plate— Figs. 8, 9, Table 2 The ratio length to width of the female subgenital plate resulted to be maximum in R. pylnovi (2.8), followed by that of R. roeselii (2.0–2.1), R. azami minor from Marche (2.1–2.2), R. oporina (1.8), R. azami minor from Lombardy, Piedmont and Emilia–Romagna (1.8–2.2), R. brunneri (1.7–1.9), R. azami (1.7), R. azami minor from Tuscany (1.7), R. bispina (1.7) and R. ambitiosa (1.5). However, other differences in the shape of the apical tips of the subgenital plate are evident., Published as part of Massa, Bruno, Tagliavia, Marcello, Buzzetti, Filippo Maria, Fontana, Paolo, Carotti, Giovanni, Bardiani, Marco, Leandri, Fausto, Scherini, Roberto & Verde, Gabriella Lo, 2023, A taxonomic revision of the Palaearctic genus Roeseliana (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Tettigoniinae: Platycleidini): a case of ongoing Mediterranean speciation, pp. 351-400 in Zootaxa 5270 (3) on pages 356-357, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5270.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/7859886, {"references":["Zeuner, F. E. (1941) The classification of the Decticinae hitherto included in Platycleis Fieb. or Metrioptera Wesm. (Orthoptera, Saltatoria). Transactions Royal entomological Society London, 91, 1 - 50, figs. 1 - 45. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 2311.1941. tb 03001. x","Massa, B. & Fontana, P. (2011) Supraspecific taxonomy of Palaearctic Platycleidini with unarmed prosternum: a morphological approach (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Tettigoniinae). Zootaxa, 2837 (1), 1 - 47. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 2837.1.1"]}

Roeseliana oporina (Bolívar, 1887) Figs. 2d, 5k, 6c, 8d, 10, 23g Bolívar, 1887. An. Soc. Espan. Hist. Nat., 16: 108 (Platycleis oporina); type locality and depository: Spain, Cuenca, Uclés near Saelices, Castillo de Castillejo (MNCN, Madrid). Material examined. Spain, Uclés (lectotypus ♁) (MNCN). Remarks. R. oporina was described in Platycleis, but Zeuner (1941) moved it to Roeseliana; Harz (1969) listed it in Metrioptera, subgenus Roeseliana, Massa & Fontana (2011) in Metrioptera. Only recently R. oporina was rediscovered and described again by Gutiérrez-Rodríguez & García-París (2016), who established definitively that it is belongs to Roeseliana. Morphological characters suggest that it is related to R. azami, but not to R. roeselii. R. oporina has male titillators not much apically hooked, with only small apical spines, the female subgenital plate is similar to that of R. azami, but male cerci are a little similar to those of R. roeselii. The lectotype has tegmina covering the abdomen, while specimens depicted by Gutiérrez-Rodríguez & García-París (2016) are more brachypterous. See also Tables 2 and 4. Distribution. Cuenca region (Spain)., Published as part of Massa, Bruno, Tagliavia, Marcello, Buzzetti, Filippo Maria, Fontana, Paolo, Carotti, Giovanni, Bardiani, Marco, Leandri, Fausto, Scherini, Roberto & Verde, Gabriella Lo, 2023, A taxonomic revision of the Palaearctic genus Roeseliana (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Tettigoniinae: Platycleidini): a case of ongoing Mediterranean speciation, pp. 351-400 in Zootaxa 5270 (3) on page 367, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5270.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/7859886, {"references":["Bolivar, I. (1887) Especies nuevas o criticas de Ortopteros. Anales Sociedad espanola Histpria natural, 16, 89 - 114. [http: // bibdigital. rjb. csic. es / ing / Libro. php? Libro = 1152]","Zeuner, F. E. (1941) The classification of the Decticinae hitherto included in Platycleis Fieb. or Metrioptera Wesm. (Orthoptera, Saltatoria). Transactions Royal entomological Society London, 91, 1 - 50, figs. 1 - 45. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 2311.1941. tb 03001. x","Harz, K. (1969) Die Orthopteren Europas I. Series Entomologica, 5, 1 - 749. [http: // books. google. com / books? id = lK 5 NZrudROMC] https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 94 - 017 - 2511 - 8 _ 1","Massa, B. & Fontana, P. (2011) Supraspecific taxonomy of Palaearctic Platycleidini with unarmed prosternum: a morphological approach (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Tettigoniinae). Zootaxa, 2837 (1), 1 - 47. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 2837.1.1","Gutierrez-Rodriguez, J. & Garcia-Paris, M. (2016) Rediscovery of the ghost bush-cricket Roeseliana oporina (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) in Central Spain. Journal Insect Conservation, 20, 149 - 154. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 10841 - 016 - 9846 - 1"]}

Roeseliana n. sp. Lemonnier-Darcemont & Darcemont, in press. Figs. 22d, 23d Lemonnier-Darcemont & Darcemont, in press. Zoosystema; type locality and depository: Mazarakia, Epirus, Greece (MNHN, Paris). Remarks. The description of this species has been proposed when we finished our revision and we were not able to examine specimens; however, thanks to the courtesy of Michèle Lemonnier-Darcemont it was possible to examine some photographs and to provide biometrics. Measurements. Male. Body length: 19.5; pronotum: 6.5; tegmina: 9.5; hind femur: 17.5. Female. Body length: 24.5; pronotum: 6.5; tegmina: 7.5; hind femur: 21; ovipositor: 8.5. Male differs from Roeseliana oporina by the shape of cerci and of titillators, from R. bispina by the width of the base of the apical tooth of the cerci, from R. ambitiosa and R. azami by the shape of titillators and the arrangement of their spines, from R. brunneri by the shape of the last tergite. By their last tergite largely indented with narrow and pointed lobes at their extremity, they are however close to R. azami, to R. oporina and to R. ambitiosa. The internal tooth of the male cerci is short and placed at ¾ of the cerci, it is barely wider at its base than at the apex as R. ambitiosa, R. brunneri, R. oporina and R. azami. The shape of titillators is similar to that R. bispina, but with a different number and arrangement of spines. The shape of the female subgenital plate is intermediate between that of R. oporina and R. azami but with a much shallower incision and a less pronounced central keel (Lemonnier-Darcemont & Darcemont in press)., Published as part of Massa, Bruno, Tagliavia, Marcello, Buzzetti, Filippo Maria, Fontana, Paolo, Carotti, Giovanni, Bardiani, Marco, Leandri, Fausto, Scherini, Roberto & Verde, Gabriella Lo, 2023, A taxonomic revision of the Palaearctic genus Roeseliana (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Tettigoniinae: Platycleidini): a case of ongoing Mediterranean speciation, pp. 351-400 in Zootaxa 5270 (3) on page 366, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5270.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/7859886

Roeseliana fedtschenkoi (Saussure, 1874) Figs. 6e, 10 Saussure, 1874. Mém. Soc. Sci. nat. Antrop. Ethnogr. Univ. Moscou, 11: 45 (Decticus (Platycleis) fedtschenkoi); type locality and depository: Uzbekistan, Maracanclam et prope Bairakum ad flumen Jaxartem (Samarkand, Syr Daria) (syntypus, ZMUM). Found near Samarkand on June 8, 1869 (larva) and May 17, 1871 in Bayrakum. Brown-green or yellowish-green color. The head is wide, smooth; the top of vertex is broad and blunt, on its sides above the eyes there is a horizontal brown stripe, separated or bordered by a yellowish line, extending from the eyes; vertex is decorated with three pale longitudinal lines, from which the lateral lines follow the edges of the brown stripes. The antennae are dark, green at the base. Mesothorax width the same as its length; the upper surface of mesothorax is wide, flat, slightly convex at the front end, slightly concave in the middle; the middle lobe is very weakly expressed, the lateral lobes are blunt; the rear edge is cut off, slightly turned upwards; the folded edge comes onto the lateral lobes of pronotum; the latter is bordered by a whitish stripe and decorated with irregular brown spots (or the area along the lobes and along the edges of the lobes is brown); rear part of side lobes of pronotum is blunt cut. The colour is green-brown or yellow-green. The head is broad and smooth; the apex of the head is broad and obtuse; on the sides, above the eyes, there is a horizontal brown stripe which divides a yellowish stripe or surrounds it, there are three pale lines running along the brown stripe, of these, the lateral ones reach the ends of the brown stripe. Width of the front part of the thorax equal to the length; the upper surface is broad and flat, slightly convex in the fore margin and slightly concave in the middle; the lobe of the middle is not very pronounced, the lateral lobes are a little obtuse, the hind edge is truncated, slightly raised; this raised edge joins with the lateral keels; in the anterior part of the pronotum there is a pale line with irregular brown flecks; the posterior edge of the lateral keels is cut obtusely at the point where they go towards the posterior side of the anterior part of the pronotum. Tegmina red-yellow, rounded at the apex, cover the entire abdomen except its three posterior segments; the veins of the elytra are brown, with the exception of a green “shoulder” vein, which is arcuately curved and gives five brown branches near its middle. The tympanum is poorly developed, the stridulatory file is poorly developed and is covered in the anterior part by the pronotum; the mirror is not closed, it has only the outer vein. The wings are rudimentary. The legs and body are concolourous. The hind femora are adorned with a longitudinal brown stripe. The ventral side of abdomen is pale. The supra-anal plate is incised with an oblong impression in the form of A on its surface; this depression is narrow, rounded-blunt at the apex, surrounded by hairs, has prominent sharp edges; the supra-anal plate is deeply incised at the apex. This notch has almost the same shape as the depression on the surface of the plate; the corners of the edges of the notch continue into triangular tongue-like spines. The cerci are long, somewhat protruding from the stylet-like processes of the subgenital plate; on their apical third, they are each armed with one sausage-like process, which apex is black. The subgenital plate is large, with an impression at its base, equipped with three strongly developed ribs, rounded at the free edge and incised in the form of V. The cerci are long, a little protruding from the plate cavity, in the distal third there is a black spine. Remarks. Saussure (1874) wrote that tegmina cover the entire abdomen, excluding three posterior segments, tegmina of the syntypes cover only one third of abdomen (Fig. 10). In addition, Saussure (1874) compared the species with Platycleis brevipennis (Charpentier, 1825) (currently synonym of R. roeselii), pointing out that R. fedtschenkoi is larger, has shorter tegmina, supra-anal plate of different shape and less developed tympanum. Later, Stshelkanovtzev (1907) recorded another male from Sossyur (Turkmenistan) and described the female from Lake Balkhash (Turkmenistan), pointing out that it was similar to R. roeselii, with tegmina apex less obtuse, shorter ovipositor, bigger size, but the subgenital plate very similar to that of R. roeselii. Thanks to the kindness of A. Gorochov, O. Korsunovskaya, V. Savitsky, and A. Ozerov we were able to examine the photo of the supra-anal plate of the syntype (Figs. 6e, 10), finding that it is very similar to that of R. pylnovi, including the male titillators, apically hooked, but different from R. roeselii, whose titillators are differently shaped. All authors agree with the validity of this taxon, with the exception of Heller (1988), who has considered it synonymous with R. roeselii (see above, R. roeselii). Tarbinsky (1932) considered R. pylnovi synonym of R. fedtschenkoi; indeed, in many museums there are specimens from Caucasian area identified as R. fedtschenkoi. According to Ĝtz (1969), R. fedtschenkoi (vasilii included), R. pylnovi, R. ambitiosa, R. azami, and R. minor constitute a ‘Rassenkreis’, a ring of neighbouring populations that exhibit a pattern of geographical replacement of one type by another. However, he treated vasilii, pylnovi, ambitiosa, minor and azami as subspecies of fedtschenkoi, without having studied specimens of true R. fedtschenkoi. Stolyarov (2005) followed the same arrangement. More recently, Chobanov & Mihajlova (2010) and Iorgu et al. (2013) treated R. fedtschenkoi as a subspecies of R. roeselii. See R. roeselii, Tables 2 and 4. The song of R. fedtschenkoi is presently unknown. Distribution. This species has been described from Uzbekistan, later it was collected in Turkmenistan, and probably it is restricted to the East Asia, while in West Asia and North Europe it is replaced by R. pylnovi and R. roeselii. According to Stolyarov (2005) it should be present also in Azerbaijan, Dashkesan, but specimens from this country could eventually belong to R. pylnovi., Published as part of Massa, Bruno, Tagliavia, Marcello, Buzzetti, Filippo Maria, Fontana, Paolo, Carotti, Giovanni, Bardiani, Marco, Leandri, Fausto, Scherini, Roberto & Verde, Gabriella Lo, 2023, A taxonomic revision of the Palaearctic genus Roeseliana (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Tettigoniinae: Platycleidini): a case of ongoing Mediterranean speciation, pp. 351-400 in Zootaxa 5270 (3) on pages 362-363, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5270.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/7859886, {"references":["Saussure, H. de. (1874) Orthopteres. In: Voyage au Turkestan de A. P. Fedtschenko. Tome II. Recherches zoogeographiques, Vme partie. Memoires Societe imperiale amis des Sciences naturelles, d'Anthropologie et d'Ethnographie attache a l'Universite de Moscou, 11, pp. 1 - 52. [in Russian]","Stshelkanovtzev, J. P. (1907) Orthopteres recueillis sur les rives du lac Balkhash et du fleuve Ili par l'expedition envoyee au lac Balkhasch en 1903 [in Russian]. Annuaire Musee zoologique Academie des sciences St. Petersbourg, 12, 373 - 387. [http: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 36241 # page / 535 / mode / 1 up]","Heller, K. - G. (1988) Bioakustik der europaischen Laubheuschrecken. Okologie Forschung Anwendung, 1, 1 - 358.","Tarbinsky, S. P. (1932) A contribution to our knowledge of the orthopterous insects of U. S. S. R. Bulletin Leningrad Institute Controlling Farm Forest Pests, 2, 181 - 205. [in Russian, with English descriptions]","Stolyarov, M. V. (2005) New data on distribution and taxonomy of the Orthoptera from Caucasus. 1. Stenopelmatoidea and Tettigonioidea. Trudy Russkago Entomologicheskago Obshchestva [= Horae Societatis Entomologicae Rossicae], St. Petersburg, 76, 62 - 71.","Chobanov, D. P. & Mihajlova, B. (2010) Orthoptera and Mantodea in the collection of the Macedonian Museum of Natural History (Skopje) with an annotated check-list of the groups in Macedonia. Articulata, 25 (1), 73 - 107. [http: // www. dgfo-articulata. de / articulata / 2010 _ 25 - 1 / Articulata _ 25 - 1 % 20 Chobanov-Mihajlova. pdf]","Iorgu, I. S., Stahi, N. & Iorgu, E. I. (2013) The Orthoptera (Insecta) from middle and lower Prut River Basin. Travaux Museum national Histoire naturelle´Grigore Antipa \", 56 (2), 157 - 171. [http: // www. travaux. ro / web / pdf / 56 % 282 % 29 - TMNHNGA- 157 - 171. pdf] https: // doi. org / 10.2478 / travmu- 2013 - 0012"]}

Roeseliana fedtschenkoi vasilii (Götz, 1969) Ĝtz, 1969. Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin, 45: 157 (Metrioptera fedtschenkoi vasilii); type locality and depository: Romania, Negresti, Moldau (SMTD, Dresden). Remarks. Ĝtz (1969) described this taxon from Romania as subspecies of R. fedtschenkoi, and considered it related to pylnovi, ambitiosa, minor and azami. Examination of the drawings of the titillators and the female subgenital plate of this taxon by Ĝtz (1969) shows that it is undoubtedly related to R. roeselii, but the female subgenital plate is similar to that of R. ambitiosa. Distribution. Romania; according to Ĝtz (1969) in Bulgaria a mixed population roeselii-vasilii may be found., Published as part of Massa, Bruno, Tagliavia, Marcello, Buzzetti, Filippo Maria, Fontana, Paolo, Carotti, Giovanni, Bardiani, Marco, Leandri, Fausto, Scherini, Roberto & Verde, Gabriella Lo, 2023, A taxonomic revision of the Palaearctic genus Roeseliana (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Tettigoniinae: Platycleidini): a case of ongoing Mediterranean speciation, pp. 351-400 in Zootaxa 5270 (3) on page 363, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5270.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/7859886

Roeseliana bispina (Bolívar, 1899) Figs. 1d, 3d, 5n, 7f, 8f, 11 Bolívar, 1899. Ann. Soc. Entom. Belgique, 43: 602 (Platycleis roeseli variety bispina); type locality and depository: Turkey, Marach (MNCN, Madrid). Material examined. Turkey, Marach (holotype ♁) (MNCN); Turkey, Kilia (1♀); Turkey, Smyrne, Brunner (1♁); Turkey, Smyrne, Kordelia, Brunner (3♀) (NMW); Turkey, Kütahya, Ikizhüyük (950 m) 21.VII.2003, M. Ünal (1♁, 1♀) (MUPC). Remarks. R. bispina was described by Bolívar (1899) as Platycleis roeseli var. bispina, characterized by stout head and differences in the subgenital plate of the female, which has a broad concavity. Zeuner (1941) raised the taxon to species level within Roeseliana. This was followed by Harz (1969) and Massa & Fontana (2011). Heller (1988) considered it as synonymous with R. roeselii and Ünal (1999, 2006, 2018) listed it as Metrioptera (Roeseliana) bispina, recording some new localities from north Turkey. Morphological characters (see also Table 2 and 4) allow to separate it from other eastern (like R. fedtshenkoi, R. pylnovi) and western taxa (like R. brunneri, R. azami minor and R. azami). Male titillators are little curved, slender and nearly unarmed, with only few small apical spines (Fig. 5n). Distribution. Turkey, recorded from north Macedonia by Karaman (1975)., Published as part of Massa, Bruno, Tagliavia, Marcello, Buzzetti, Filippo Maria, Fontana, Paolo, Carotti, Giovanni, Bardiani, Marco, Leandri, Fausto, Scherini, Roberto & Verde, Gabriella Lo, 2023, A taxonomic revision of the Palaearctic genus Roeseliana (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Tettigoniinae: Platycleidini): a case of ongoing Mediterranean speciation, pp. 351-400 in Zootaxa 5270 (3) on pages 374-375, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5270.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/7859886, {"references":["Bolivar, I. (1899) Orthopteres du voyage de M. Martinez Escalera dans L'Asie mineure. Annales Societe entomologique Belgique, 43, 583 - 607. [http: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 110227 # page / 589 / mode / 1 up]","Zeuner, F. E. (1941) The classification of the Decticinae hitherto included in Platycleis Fieb. or Metrioptera Wesm. (Orthoptera, Saltatoria). Transactions Royal entomological Society London, 91, 1 - 50, figs. 1 - 45. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 2311.1941. tb 03001. x","Harz, K. (1969) Die Orthopteren Europas I. Series Entomologica, 5, 1 - 749. [http: // books. google. com / books? id = lK 5 NZrudROMC] https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 94 - 017 - 2511 - 8 _ 1","Massa, B. & Fontana, P. (2011) Supraspecific taxonomy of Palaearctic Platycleidini with unarmed prosternum: a morphological approach (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Tettigoniinae). Zootaxa, 2837 (1), 1 - 47. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 2837.1.1","Heller, K. - G. (1988) Bioakustik der europaischen Laubheuschrecken. Okologie Forschung Anwendung, 1, 1 - 358.","Unal, M. (1999) Notes on Orthoptera of western Turkey, with description of a new genus and four new species. Journal Orthoptera Research, 8, 243 - 255. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 3503441","Unal, M. (2006) Tettigoniidae (Orthoptera) from Turkey and the Middle East. Transactions american entomological Society, 132 (1 - 2), 157 - 203. https: // doi. org / 10.3157 / 0002 - 8320 (2006) 132 [157: TOFTAT] 2.0. CO; 2","Unal, M. (2018) Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from Turkey with key to genera and description of six new species. Zootaxa, 4432 (1), 1 - 66. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4432.1.1","Karaman, M. S. (1975) Taksonomska, zoogeografska i ekoloska studija Ortopteroidea skopske kotline. M. S. Karaman Edition, Pristina, 156 pp."]}

Roeseliana roeselii (Hagenbach, 1822) Figs. 1a, 3e, 4, 5i, 5j, 6b, 8b, 10, 22h, 23c, 24a, 24b, 24c, 24d Hagenbach, 1822. Symbola faunae insectorum Helvetiae exhibentia vel species novas vel nondum depictas, 39 (Locusta roeselii); type locality and depository: Basel, Switzerland (lost?). Material examined. Check Republic, Král Sneznik 17.VIII.1951 (1♁, 4♀ holopterous); Check Republic, Horni Lipka, Hormale 31.VIII.1951 (6♁); Check Republic (80♁, 120♀); Austria, Car. Maria Rain 15.IX.1956, J. Mucha (3♁, 3♀) (NMP); Check Republic, Zabrodi 6.VIII.1952, Cejchan (1♁); same data 4.VIII.1960 (1♁, 1♀); Check Republic, H. Vlitaviche, Sum VIII.1951, Cejchan (1♀); Slovenia, Ljublyana 23.VII.1065, F. Willemse (1♁, 1♀); Switzerland, Strada, San Niclà (1400m) 26.IX.1961 (1♁, 1♀); Bosnia and Erzegovina, Gacko, Tientiste 30.VIII.1975, A. Messina (2♁, 10♀); Bosnia and Erzegovina, Gacko, Camerno 28.VIII.1975, A. Messina (2♁, 3♀); Bosnia and Erzegovina, Partizanske Vode, Titovo U. 31.VII.1975, A. Messina (1♁); Romania, Sibiu, Scoreiu 6.VIII.1975, A. Messina & V. Nobile (6♁, 2♀); Romania, Caransebes, Muntele 12.VIII.1975, A. Messina (4♁, 5♀); Slovenia, Postumia 13.IX.1980, F. Lombardo (15♁, 16♀); Italy, Friuli, Tarvisio 11.VIII.1968, Sichel (3♁, 18♀); France, Lyon, Pontaneveaux 18.VIII.1966, V. Nobile (2♀); France, St. Aventin, Luchon 15.VIII.1977, A. Messina (1♁) (MSNM, coll. M. La Greca); Slovenia, Podravska, Pesnica, Vukovje 17.VI.2010, M. Bardiani (1♁) (CNBFVR); USA, Vermont, Stowe Valley 23.VIII.1988, B. Baccetti (2♁, 3♀); USA, Vermont, Bolton Valley 21–22.VIII.1988, B. Baccetti (4♁, 3♀); Germany, Titisee 23.VIII.1991, B. Baccetti (1♁, 1♀); Poland, Bialowicza 5.VII.1990, B. Baccetti (1♁, 3♀); Switzerland, Graecken 25.VIII.1959, D. Guiglia (2♁, 3♀); Poland, Polnisch Neudorf bei Steinkirche Schles 4.IX.1894, Brunner (1♁, 1♀); Netherlands, Kerkrade 1940, C. Willemse (1♁, 1♀); Finland, Åland Is., Al Finstrom, Pålsböle 24.VIII.1943, H. Lindberg (1♁); Italy, Trentino, Folgaria 16.VIII.1962, A. Galvagni (5♁, 6♀) (MSNG); Italy, Trentino, Costa di Folgaria 9.VI.1968, A. Galvagni (1♁, 1♀); Italy, Trentino, Folgaria, Torbiera Echen 24.VII.1995, P. Fontana (1♁, 1♀); Italy, Trentino, Val Pusteria, Gais 17–22.VII.1994, B. Massa (7♁, 5♀); Italy, Trentino, Sesto 20.VII.1992, B. Massa (1♀); Austria, Lienz 17.VII.1992, B. Massa (1♀); Check Republic, Bohemia Kocourov 27.VII.2003, K. Svec (1♀ holopterous); Germany, Bayreuth-Gees 25–27.VII.2022, B. Massa (2♁, 3♀) (BMPC); Italy, Friuli, Tarvisio, Camporosso 16.VII.1993, P. Fontana (5♁, 5♀, 1 ♁ holopterous); Italy, Friuli, Foresta di Tarvisio 26.VIII.1982, A. Battisti (1♀); Italy, Trentino, Folgaria, Torbiera Echen 30.VII.1994, P. Fontana (3♁, 4♀); Italy, Trentino, Passo Stelvio (Bolzano) 2.IX.1998, P. Fontana (1♀ holopterous); Hungary, Matra Mts, Kekes 1.IX.1995, P. Fontana (1♀) (MCR, coll. P. Fontana); Italy, Veneto, Asiago (1315m) 1.VIII.2018, F. Marangoni (2♁, 3♀ holopterous, 1♀ brachypterous) (FMPC); Italy, Trentino, Tarvisio, Torbiera Sochezza 2.IX.2001, G. Colombetta (1♀); same data 8.VII.2001, A. Cogo & F. Buzzetti (1♁ holopterous); Italy, Veneto, Padola (Belluno) 21.VII.2002, P. Fontana & P. Tirello (1♁, 1♀) (MCR, Coll. F. Buzzetti); Italy, Trentino, Piana del Preval, Zegla (Cormons, Gorizia), (52m) 22.VI.2014 (3♁, 3♀), F. Tami (FTPC); France, Savigny sur Orge (1♁); France, Bagnères de Luchon 19.VIII.1888 (1♁); France Saumur 18.VII.1888 (1♀); France, High Pyrenées (1♁); France, Pyrenées, Luchon (3♁, 1♀); France, Corrèze VII.1986, J. Cools (1♁, 5♀); France, St. Agnant 3.IX.1980 (1♁); France, Planaseau 15.IX.1982 (1♁); France, High Rhine, Thannenkirch 4.IX.1983 (1♁); France, High Rhine, Horodberg 7.IX.1983 (1♀); France, Cantal Mandailles-St. Julien Benech (978 m), J. Cools (10♁, 7♀); France, Puy de Dome VIII.1922 (1♁ holopterous, 1♀ holopterous); Switzerland, Breitenbach 5.IX.1983 (1♁); Switzerland (1♁); Austria (1♁, 2♀); Germany (3♁, 2♀); Slovenia, Maribor 29.VII.1967, L. Allaer (1♁) (RBINS). Remarks. When Hagenbach (1822) described R. roeselii from a female specimen from Basel (Switzerland) (Fig. 4), he wrote that tegmina were 1/3 long as abdomen. However, R. roeselii occurs with holopterous males and females with a variable frequency, mainly in the north of its distribution; e.g., Szanyi et al. (2014) found a high frequency (≤ 53%) of holopterous individuals of R. roeselii in some meadows surrounded by forests of Hungary. R. roeselii is the most easily diagnosable species from a morphological point of view. It is the only species with titillators without arched tips with small apical spines and a narrow male supragenital plate (Figs. 5i–5j, 6b); in addition, the female subgenital plate is very deeply incised with two sharp apices (Fig. 8b; see also Ĝtz 1969). Male cerci and female subgenital plate are more similar to those of R. pylnovi than to those of south European taxa. In particular the shape of cerci shows a long apically pointed part and an inner backwards and pointed spine (Fig. 6b). The south European taxa of Roeseliana differ clearly from R. roeselii. According to Heller (1988), R. fedtschenkoi is synonymous with R. roeselii. See also R. fedtschenkoi. However, according to Heller et al. (1998) while the South European forms formerly included in Metrioptera fedtschenkoi belong to R. roeselii, this may be not true for all of the South East European and especially the Caucasian and central Asian forms. However, most authors agree with the validity of the two taxa R. fedtschenkoi and R. roeselii and consider both polytypic species. We were able to examine only the photos of the syntype of R. fedtschenkoi, and we found that the latter is different from R. roeselii. However, authors who have cited R. fedtschenkoi really examined specimens collected in countries different from the typical area of the species (Uzbekistan-Turkmenistan) and this may be the reason of some misinterpretation. For characters of R. roeselii see also Tables 2 and 3. Distribution. Wide areas of the Palaearctic region (Galvagni 2001); it has been introduced in Canada, Montreal and Ville St. Laurent in 1950; since then its range has increased in Ontario and Quebec, and into the United States as far as Illinois (Vickery et al. 1975, Capinera et al. 2004), where now it is rather frequent. It also has spread in North Europe; according to Kaňuch et al. (2013), due to the limited ability of R. roeselii to cross geographical barriers through active dispersal, it is very much probable that transport of eggs potentially occurred with agricultural products, and consequently at least some of the isolated populations originated from human-mediated introductions rather than natural dispersal. It is present from lowland to high elevations., Published as part of Massa, Bruno, Tagliavia, Marcello, Buzzetti, Filippo Maria, Fontana, Paolo, Carotti, Giovanni, Bardiani, Marco, Leandri, Fausto, Scherini, Roberto & Verde, Gabriella Lo, 2023, A taxonomic revision of the Palaearctic genus Roeseliana (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Tettigoniinae: Platycleidini): a case of ongoing Mediterranean speciation, pp. 351-400 in Zootaxa 5270 (3) on pages 358-360, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5270.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/7859886, {"references":["Hagenbach, J. J. (1822) Symbola faunae insectorum Helvetiae exhibentia vel species novas vel nondum depictas. Societas Naturalis Scrut. Helvetica Sodali, 1, I - VI + 1 - 48, 15 pls. [http: // publikationen. ub. uni-frankfurt. de / opus 4 / frontdoor / deliver / index / docId / 15803 / file / Hagenbach. pdf] https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 66054","Szanyi, S., Nagy, A., Racz, I. A. & Varga, Z. (2014) Contrasting patterns of macroptery in Roesel's bush cricket Metrioptera roeselii (Orthoptera, Ensifera). Estonian Journal Ecology, 63, 299 - 311. https: // doi. org / 10.3176 / eco. 2014.4.07","Heller, K. - G. (1988) Bioakustik der europaischen Laubheuschrecken. Okologie Forschung Anwendung, 1, 1 - 358.","Heller, K. - G., Korsunovskaya, O., Ragge, D. R., Vedenina, V., Willemse, F., Zhantiev, R. D. & Frantsevich, L. (1998) Check-List of European Orthoptera. Articulata, 7, 1 - 61. [http: // www. zobodat. at / pdf / Articulata-BH _ 7 _ 0001 - 0061. pdf]","Galvagni, A. (2001) Gli Ortotteroidei della Val Venosta, detta anche Vinschgau (Alto Adige, Italia settentrionale) (Insecta: Blattaria, Mantodea, Orthoptera, Dermaptera). Atti Accademia roveretana Agiati, a. 251, IB, 67 - 182.","Vickery, V. R. & Kerr, G. E. (1975) Additional records of Ensifera (Gryllotpera) in Ontario. Proceedings entomological Society Ontario, 105, 96 - 100.","Capinera, J. L., Scott, R. D. & Walker, T. J. (2004) Field Guide to Grasshoppers, Katydids, and Crickets of the United States. Comstock Publishing Associates, Ithaca, New York, vi + 249 pp.","Kanuch, P., Berggren, A. & Cassel-Lundhagen, A. (2013) Colonization history of Metrioptera roeselii in northern Europe indicates human-mediated dispersal. Journal Biogeography, 40, 977 - 987. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / jbi. 12048"]}

Roeseliana n. sp. Lemonnier-Darcemont & Darcemont, in press. Figs. 22d, 23d Lemonnier-Darcemont & Darcemont, in press. Zoosystema; type locality and depository: Mazarakia, Epirus, Greece (MNHN, Paris). Remarks. The description of this species has been proposed when we finished our revision and we were not able to examine specimens; however, thanks to the courtesy of Michèle Lemonnier-Darcemont it was possible to examine some photographs and to provide biometrics. Measurements. Male. Body length: 19.5; pronotum: 6.5; tegmina: 9.5; hind femur: 17.5. Female. Body length: 24.5; pronotum: 6.5; tegmina: 7.5; hind femur: 21; ovipositor: 8.5. Male differs from Roeseliana oporina by the shape of cerci and of titillators, from R. bispina by the width of the base of the apical tooth of the cerci, from R. ambitiosa and R. azami by the shape of titillators and the arrangement of their spines, from R. brunneri by the shape of the last tergite. By their last tergite largely indented with narrow and pointed lobes at their extremity, they are however close to R. azami, to R. oporina and to R. ambitiosa. The internal tooth of the male cerci is short and placed at ¾ of the cerci, it is barely wider at its base than at the apex as R. ambitiosa, R. brunneri, R. oporina and R. azami. The shape of titillators is similar to that R. bispina, but with a different number and arrangement of spines. The shape of the female subgenital plate is intermediate between that of R. oporina and R. azami but with a much shallower incision and a less pronounced central keel (Lemonnier-Darcemont & Darcemont in press).

Roeseliana pylnovi (Uvarov, 1924) Figs. 1e, 1f, 3h, 6d, 8a, 10 Uvarov 1924. Trans. R. Entomol. Soc. London, 71(3–4): 534 (Metrioptera pylnovi); type locality and depository: Caucasus (UMO, Oxford). Material examined. Armenia, Tavush, Dilijan 6.VII.2005, M. Kalashian (5♁, 6♀) (BMPC); Georgia, Caucasus, Bakuriany 5–10.IX.1912, E. Konig (1♁, 1♀ paratypes) (NHM) (photographed by R. Felix); Georgia, Lake Bazeleti 29.VI.2003, P. Fontana, F. Buzzetti & B. Massa (1♁); Georgia, Ananouri 20.VI.2003, P. Fontana, F. Buzzetti & B. Massa (1♁) (BMPC). Remarks. Described in the genus Metrioptera by Uvarov (1924), it was transferred to the genus Roeseliana by Zeuner (1941). Following Tarbinsky (1932) it is synonymous with R. fedtschenkoi, but Zeuner (1941) listed it as valid species. Ramme (1951) considered R. pylnovi and R. fedtschenkoi different taxa, with different shape of wings. Ĝtz (1969) pointed out that the subgenital plate of female is more incised than that of R. fedtschenkoi, but he did not list specimens of the latter species. It seems that R. pylnovi is much related to R. fedtschenkoi and R. roeselii. However, titillators are different from those of R. roeselii (Fig. 6). Instead, the supra-anal plate and cerci of the male are a slightly similar to those of R. roeselii (Fig. 6d), however, differences may be detected with the female subgenital plate, which in R. roeselii is laterally more rounded (Figs. 8a and 8b). See also Tables 2 and 4. Distribution. Caucasian region., Published as part of Massa, Bruno, Tagliavia, Marcello, Buzzetti, Filippo Maria, Fontana, Paolo, Carotti, Giovanni, Bardiani, Marco, Leandri, Fausto, Scherini, Roberto & Verde, Gabriella Lo, 2023, A taxonomic revision of the Palaearctic genus Roeseliana (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Tettigoniinae: Platycleidini): a case of ongoing Mediterranean speciation, pp. 351-400 in Zootaxa 5270 (3) on page 363, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5270.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/7859886, {"references":["Uvarov, B. P. (1924) Notes on the Orthoptera in the British Museum, 3. Some less known or new genera and species of subfamilies Tettigoniidae and Decticinae. Transactions Royal entomological Society London, 71 (3 - 4), 492 - 537.","Zeuner, F. E. (1941) The classification of the Decticinae hitherto included in Platycleis Fieb. or Metrioptera Wesm. (Orthoptera, Saltatoria). Transactions Royal entomological Society London, 91, 1 - 50, figs. 1 - 45. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 2311.1941. tb 03001. x","Tarbinsky, S. P. (1932) A contribution to our knowledge of the orthopterous insects of U. S. S. R. Bulletin Leningrad Institute Controlling Farm Forest Pests, 2, 181 - 205. [in Russian, with English descriptions]","Ramme, W. (1951) Zur Systematik, Faunistik und Biologie der Orthopteren von Sudost-Europa und Vorderasien. Mitteilungen Zoologischen Museum Berlin, 27, 1 - 431, 39 pls. [1950] https: // doi. org / 10.1002 / mmnz. 4830270108"]}

Studies in pursuit of understanding a pedagogic practice to optimise learning across socioeconomic classes have taken various forms, with classroom-based studies ranging from focussing on single pedagogic elements to Bernsteinian-type studies allowing for the investigation of the relationship between elements. What has been less prevalent is understanding the relationship between knowledge and pedagogy within the pedagogic discourse. In this study the aim was to explore this relationship as it operates within an apparent optimal pedagogy, especially in relation to a classroom comprising learners from mixed socio-economic backgrounds. The study was done via classroom observations of two teachers at a high achieving high school serving learners of mixed socio-economic status. In high school the subjects are more specialised and the selection of two different subjects, with different knowledge structures, was done to foreground and optimise the knowledge component. Teacher competence was selected for using qualifications and experience. The analysis was done in two parts: first, developing the concept of a teaching episode to generate units for analysis, and second, coding each episode in terms of strength of classification, framing and the purpose of the horizontal discourse, where present. Analysis showed that both teachers used a dynamic variable pedagogy, which constituted of a dominant traditional visible pedagogy, but moments of weakened framing occurred where it temporarily took the form of a mixed pedagogy. Investigation into these moments revealed, firstly, that they were intentionally used, and secondly, the weakening was enacted by the strategic and managed introduction of the horizontal discourse. The latter was recruited for different purposes in the different subjects but operationalised in the same manner through “specializing” the everyday by relocating it into the meaning structure of the vertical discourse. The impact thereof resulted in the differentiation of the class rather than the individual and generating a cultural connectedness via a new common specialised discourse, thus potentially showing in operation Bernstein's radical visible pedagogy.

The global increase in frequency and intensity of disasters and emergency situations has a major disruptive effect on societies that is especially visible in Africa, where conflict, poverty, diseases and social unrest are some of the biggest factors contributing to societal vulnerability. Developing countries such as South Africa are vulnerable to the impact of disaster situations that strain the society’s ability to deal with these emergencies. First responders play an important function responding to disasters but are exposed to work-related stressors that could impact their performance. Several international studies make a link between wellness, performance and resilience and the use of resilience resources in the development and enhancement of wellness, indicating that resilience resources such as a resilient mindset are an indicator of good mental health and performance amongst first responders, despite being exposed to traumatic situations. However, very little research has been carried out on first responders in South Africa, making this study an important stepping stone towards gaining an understanding of the relationship between mindset as a resilience resource and perceived wellness of first responders in a South African context. Data were collected from 52 first responders using a structured questionnaire. The results indicate a statistically significant relationship between mindset and perceived wellness, with all the wellness factors indicating that the mindset of first responders plays a crucial role in their resilience and perception of wellness, necessitating additional research in this specialised field of disaster response.

A simple, rapid and cost-effective high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was developed and fully validated for the analysis of methylene blue (MB) and its metabolites. The compounds were separated on a Phenomenex Synergi polar-RP (150 mm x 4.6 mm, 4 µm) column, operating at 25ºC. The mobile phase (MP) was a mixture that consisted of 60% part A: 5 mM ammonium acetate dissolved in a water-methanol solution, and 40% part B: acetonitrile-methanol (15:25 v/v), at a flow rate of 0.65 ml/min. The method was validated and the specificity, limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantification (LOQ), linearity, precision, accuracy, recovery, robustness and stability were determined. The LOD for all the compounds were 0.1 µg/ml and a linear calibration curve over the range 10-500 µg/mL was obtained with a corelation coefficient (R2) > 0.998. The relative standard deviations (RSDs) based on five replicate determinations for each compound across the working range, were less than 2%. Acceptable intra-day and inter-day precision and accuracy were obtained. Variable recoveries between 90-125% across the 50-500 µg/ml range were obtained due to the impurity profiles. The validated method has successfully been utilized for the analysis and separation of methylene blue and its metabolites.

Dans le sud de la France, la connaissance des habitats du Néolithique ancien reste encore assez fragmentaire et le plus souvent limitée à quelques structures, bâtiments ou fragments de bâtiments isolés. Au sud de la ville de Nîmes, dans le Gard, la multiplication des opérations d’archéologie préventive au cours des deux dernières décennies a permis de mettre au jour les vestiges plus ou moins bien conservés de trois sites d’habitats auxquels viennent s’adjoindre une dizaine de structures ou indices de sites isolés. Tous ces gisements se rattachent à l’Épicardial languedocien, entre 5100 et 4800 ans avant notre ère environ. La présence de niveau de sol et de structures en creux permet d’approcher la structuration spatiale de ces habitats. Le mobilier archéologique recueilli (céramique, silex, quartz, macro-outillage, parure, ocre...) documente les productions associées à ce faciès culturel ainsi que leur évolution sur plusieurs siècles. En plus de l’étude des provenances des matériaux, les analyses carpologiques, archéozoologiques, anthracologiques et malacologiques illustrent la manière dont ces gisements s’inscrivent au sein de leur territoire et de leur environnement. Enfin, la multiplication des diagnostics archéologiques et fouilles préventives permet, dans cette zone, de s’assurer de la réalité des vides d’occupation. C’est donc toute la dynamique spatiale et temporelle de l’occupation d’un territoire que ces gisements permettent d’aborder., Evidence for early Neolithic settlements in southern France is still quite fragmentary and is most often limited to a few features or parts of structural remains. South of the town of Nîmes, in the Gard département, the increase in preventive archaeology fieldwork over the last two decades has led to the discovery of three quite well-preserved settlement sites, together with a dozen or so sites with slighter traces of occupation. All these sites date to the Languedoc Epicardial, which approximately covers the period 5100-4800 BC. The preservation of a soil horizon as well as subsoil features on these settlements enables spatial patterning to be examined. The artefacts recovered (pottery, flint, quartz, macrolithic tools, ornaments, ochre...) illustrate Epicardial material culture and its development over several centuries. Combined with sourcing of materials, analyses of botanical, faunal and snail assemblages illustrate how these sites relate to their territory and environment. Lastly, the increase in trial trenching and preventive excavation now makes it possible to determine which parts of the region actually remained unoccupied. These sites thus provide a whole range of evidence enabling the space-time dynamics of settlement to be investigated at a regional scale.

International audience; Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) is a viral disease endemic in Eurasia. The virus is mainly transmitted to humans via ticks and occasionally via the consumption of unpasteurized milk products. The European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control reported an increase in TBE incidence over the past years in Europe as well as the emergence of the disease in new areas. To better understand this phenomenon, we investigated the drivers of TBE emergence and increase in incidence in humans through an expert knowledge elicitation. We listed 59 possible drivers grouped in eight domains and elicited forty European experts to: (i) allocate a score per driver, (ii) weight this score within each domain, and (iii) weight the different domains and attribute an uncertainty level per domain. An overall weighted score per driver was calculated, and drivers with comparable scores were grouped into three terminal nodes using a regression tree analysis. The drivers with the highest scores were: (i) changes in human behavior/activities; (ii) changes in eating habits or consumer demand; (iii) changes in the landscape; (iv) influence of humidity on the survival and transmission of the pathogen; (v) difficulty to control reservoir(s) and/or vector(s); (vi) influence of temperature on virus survival and transmission; (vii) number of wildlife compartments/groups acting as reservoirs or amplifying hosts; (viii) increase of autochthonous wild mammals; and (ix) number of tick species vectors and their distribution. Our results support researchers in prioritizing studies targeting the most relevant drivers of emergence and increasing TBE incidence.

This research concerns the relationship between hand movements, as they occur in the act of freehand drawing, and creativity. Since ancient times it was observed that hand movements were linked with intelligence. This issue has gained importance particularly in the field of architectural imagery because automated drawing techniques with computer aided design (CAD) have replaced the hand drawings. This has risen concerns about the impairment of creative ideas that may ensue. The working hypothesis of this research is that the complex, meaningful freehand movements are connected to a larger activity of the cortical neurons compared to the simple, rather meaningless movements of the CAD drawing. The research was aimed to provide electroencephalographic evidence supporting this hypothesis, with the preliminary assumption that creativity could be linked to recruitment of a larger neuronal population. In 10 subjects, we recorded the electroencephalogram (EEG) using the technique of movement related potentials (MRPs), and analysed the epoch spanning from 1000 ms before to 1000 ms after movements while freehand drawing or using the mouse for CAD drawing. A digitising tablet was used for freehand drawing. Latency, amplitude and area under signal of the recordings under the two conditions were assessed. The most relevant premotion components of the MRPs were the N-150 and P-40 (occurring 150 and 40 ms before movement), followed by the post-motion components N+30 and P+120 (30 and 120 ms after movement). Freehand drawing was linked to larger cortical activity, which suggests that a larger number of specialised cortical neurons were activated than with CAD drawing. The amount of neuronal activity could be a reflection of the cognitive process occurring in preparation for the skilled movements of the hand, and the results reported lead to the conclusion that freehand drawing is preceded by a strong cognitive activity bringing new ideas.

This paper tackles the issue of the architectural illustrator in an age of post digitalisation, where the return to the analog hand drawn images for a more pregnant communication is seen by some as much desirable. There are now concerns about the limited communicative ability of digital images, with suggestions to go back to the analogic world of the hand drawn images in perspective style. To assess whether a digital photorealistic render would communicate better or worse than a hand drawn image, a questionnaire was set up based upon the objective principle of correct/wrong answers by the test takers, rather than on their subjective preferences. The test was a conventional one-stem multiple-choice type with correct answer scored 1 and wrong answer scored 0. The required task was to identify the correct architectural project within a townscape. The test was taken by 154 subjects, of which 74% professionals in the field of architecture, and 26% other professions. The �professionals� in architecture scored approximately 50% more correct answers in the case of hand drawn images compared to the photorealistic renders, with a very high significance between the two items (p less than 0.0001). The �others� showed a difference of 20%, still in favour of the hand drawn images (p=0.003). It may be concluded that, within the limits of the reliability and sensitivity of the test, the hand drawn images could better communicate the message of the architect. The �performance� strategy guarantees against subjective biases, but it has been much less experimented than the traditional paradigms. Some more research would be needed to assert its robustness, and, to this regard, this first attempt should be considered as a proof of concept to assess some observer�s reactions so far little explored but nevertheless of fundamental importance.

International audience; Depuis 2016, le PCR « Réseau de lithothèques en région Centre - Val de Loire » s’inscrit dans une perspective longue de recherche sur les modes d’exploitation des ressources lithiques et sur la territorialité des groupes humains préhistoriques. Outre l’étude ou la révision de séries archéologiques de l’espace régional, la caractérisation précise des silicites (silex, chert, silcrète, jaspéroïde) dans leur contexte géologique revêt une importance toute particulière en ce qu’elle permet de dessiner des espaces parcourus (parfois sur de très grandes étendues) et, couplée à la technologie lithique, d’identifier des modes de transport des artefacts. Ces réalités renseignent sur les formes sociales et les régimes de mobilité des groupes humains, permettant de matérialiser des processus d’interaction qui mettent parfois en jeu des entités culturelles perçues comme distinctes.Si la région Centre-Val-de-Loire a depuis longtemps servi de moteur aux réflexions sur la diffusion des silicites, les travaux passés n’étaient plus en mesure de répondre aux problématiques de la recherche actuelle en pétroarchéologie. En réponse à cet état de fait, le PCR développe depuis 2016 cinq principaux axes :- Axe 1 : Inventaire, développement et enrichissement de l’outil lithothèque ;- Axe 2 : Méthodologie : Caractérisation dynamique des silicites de l’espace régional ;- Axe 3 : Cartographie des formations à silicites ;- Axe 4 : Applications archéologiques ;- Axe 5 : Diffusion et valorisation des connaissances dans et en dehors du PCR ;Ces axes sont amendés régulièrement dans le but de répondre aux attentes de la communauté des préhistoriens. Toutes nos initiatives vont dans ce sens et sont rendues possibles par une convergence d’actions interdisciplinaires qui nous pousse, non seulement à un renouvellement méthodologique permanent en profondeur, mais également à une réflexion épistémologique sur l’évolution de nos démarches en termes de limites des approches considérées (techniques, conceptuelles ou théoriques) et d’impacts sur les autres champs de recherche ou questionnements de la préhistoire (tracéologie, techno-économie, notion de site, notion de territoire, cartographie, modalité d’enregistrement et de traitement des données…).

International audience

International audience

International audience

Background and study aims Per oral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) of the lower esophageal sphincter has become a major treatment for esophageal motility disorders, especially achalasia. POEM can result in esophageal bleeding or perforation and pleural and mediastinal effusion. Early routine computed tomography (CT) esophagogram is frequently performed to assess these adverse events (AEs) before resuming oral food intake. We sought to evaluate the value of routine CT esophagogram on postoperative day (POD) 1 after POEM. Patients and methods This single-center retrospective study was performed in a tertiary referral center for interventional digestive endoscopy. We included consecutive patients with POEM and routine CT esophagogram on POD 1 between July 2018 and July 2019. Results Fifty-eight patients were included in the study, 79 % of whom had achalasia. Twenty patients (34 %) presented post-endoscopic AEs, including two patients with severe AEs requiring intensive care admission (one compressive pneumothorax and one mediastinitis); no deaths occurred. Of the 58 CT esophagograms performed, only one was normal. The 57 others (98 %) showed at least one abnormal finding: pneumoperitoneum or retroperitoneal air (91 %), pneumomediastinum (78 %), pleural effusion (34 %), pneumothorax (14 %), pneumonia (7 %), pericardial effusion (2 %), and mediastinal collection (2 %). CT esophagograms revealed AEs and modified therapeutic management in eight patients of 58 (14 %), all of whom had clinical symptoms prior to CT. Conclusions POD 1 CT esophagogram after POEM for esophageal motility disorders diagnosed clinically meaningful AEs in 14 % of patients, all associated with persistent clinical symptoms. Routine use of CT esophagogram after POEM in asymptomatic patients is questionable.

Background In December 2019, a novel human-infecting coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, had emerged. The WHO has classified the epidemic as a “public health emergency of international concern”. A dramatic situation has unfolded with thousands of deaths, occurring mainly in the aged and very ill people. Epidemiological studies suggest that immune system function is impaired in elderly individuals and these subjects often present a deficiency in fat-soluble and hydrosoluble vitamins. Methods We searched for reviews describing the characteristics of autoimmune diseases and the available therapeutic protocols for their treatment. We set them as a paradigm with the purpose to uncover common pathogenetic mechanisms between these pathological conditions and SARS-CoV-2 infection. Furthermore, we searched for studies describing the possible efficacy of vitamins A, D, E, and C in improving the immune system function. Results SARS-CoV-2 infection induces strong immune system dysfunction characterized by the development of an intense proinflammatory response in the host, and the development of a life-threatening condition defined as cytokine release syndrome (CRS). This leads to acute respiratory syndrome (ARDS), mainly in aged people. High mortality and lethality rates have been observed in elderly subjects with CoV-2-related infection. Conclusions Vitamins may shift the proinflammatory Th17-mediated immune response arising in autoimmune diseases towards a T-cell regulatory phenotype. This review discusses the possible activity of vitamins A, D, E, and C in restoring normal antiviral immune system function and the potential therapeutic role of these micronutrients as part of a therapeutic strategy against SARS-CoV-2 infection.

In December 2019, a novel human-infecting coronavirus, named Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), was recognised to cause a pneumonia epidemic outbreak with different degrees of severity in Wuhan, Hubei Province in China. Since then, this epidemic has spread worldwide; in Europe, Italy has been involved. Effective preventive and therapeutic strategies are absolutely required to block this serious public health concern. Unfortunately, few studies about SARS-CoV-2 concerning its immunopathogenesis and treatment are available. On the basis of the assumption that the SARS-CoV-2 is genetically related to SARS-CoV (about 82 % of genome homology) and that its characteristics, like the modality of transmission or the type of the immune response it may stimulate, are still poorly known, a literature search was performed to identify the reports assessing these elements in patients with SARS-CoV-induced infection. Therefore, we have analysed: (1) the structure of SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV; (2) the clinical signs and symptoms and pathogenic mechanisms observed during the development of acute respiratory syndrome and the cytokine release syndrome; (3) the modification of the cell microRNome and of the immune response in patients with SARS infection; and (4) the possible role of some fat-soluble compounds (such as vitamins A, D and E) in modulating directly or indirectly the replication ability of SARS-CoV-2 and host immune response.

Lithic materials in archaeological records have always been the object of special attention by archaeologists, especially from prehistoric contexts. They draw such attention thanks to their often excellent preservation, and the information that the intrinsic characteristics of the rocks can yield about past behaviors including mobility of goods and people through chemical analysis and provenance studies. Although they do not represent the majority of the artifacts recovered from precolonial archaeological sites in the Lesser Antilles, their diversity necessitates varied knowledge, methods, and skills to be studied. Here, we present preliminary results from lithic specialists in characterization of volcanic rocks, diorite, turquoise used for bead production, and silicites.Several volcanic glass artifacts have been identified for the first time from Saladoid sites from Guadeloupe and Dominica. However, many questions remain about the geological origin and the petrogenesis of these artifacts given their very specific chemical composition. On the other hand, detailed microtextural and micropaleontological studies of the different siliceous raw materials provide first results identifying and mapping their origin and distribution among the Caribbean islands. As a first glance of what will become a long-term project, results presented in this paper demonstrate the capacity of petrological studies carried out with appropriate technical methods to help us improve our knowledge of the Ceramic Age populations’ movement and rock distribution networks.

The spread of the internet has had important consequences in all economic sectors, including tourism. The chapter analyzes the role of the museum in the recovery, management, and enhancement of the local cultural heritage as a tool capable of promoting the development of sustainable tourism in a region with evident infrastructural problems located in the south of Italy. In particular, the following work focuses on the management dynamics of two museums—the Amarelli Company Museum and the MUSABA Museum Park—and their relationship with new technologies. The aim is to demonstrate how an adequate museum management activity through an innovative and integrated organization of tangible and intangible resources, an efficient use of resources and effective communication, can significantly contribute to its growth by attracting the attention of sustainable tourism.

Four Accident Prediction Models have been defined for Italian two-lane rural, suburban, and urban roads by exploiting different Machine Learning Algorithms. Specifically, a Classification and Regression Tree, a Boosted Regression Tree, a Random Forest, and a Support Vector Machine have been implemented to predict the number of Fatal and Injury crashes on a 905-km network, which experienced 5,802 FI crashes in 2008-2016. The dataset incorporates geometrical, functional, and environmental information. Several performance metrics have been computed, such as Determination Coefficient, Mean Absolute Error, Root Mean Square Error, and scatterplots. Outcomes suggest that Support Vector Machine outperforms the other Machine Learning Algorithms for predicting Fatal and Injury crashes. In Addition, the computation of Predictor Importance shows that traffic flow, the density of intersections, driveway density, and type of area are the most impacting factors on crash likelihood. Road authorities may use these findings for conducting reliable safety analyses.

BackgroundNabiximols is a cannabis-based drug to treat spasticity-associated symptoms currently approved for patients with multiple sclerosis only. Cannabinoids are useful in an increasing number of medical conditions but may bear an increased risk for cardiovascular events. SativexStroke is a double-blind randomized placebo-controlled crossover monocentric clinical trial investigating the efficacy and safety of nabiximols in patients with spasticity following stroke.MethodsPatients were treated with nabiximols oromucosal spray or placebo and assessed before and after two phases of 1-month duration each. Cardiovascular safety was assessed before and during the trial. Primary endpoints were changes in spasticity numeric rating scale scores and electromyographic recording of the stretch reflex in affected wrist flexors. Secondary outcome measures were numeric rating scale scores for pain, sleep and bladder function, the number of daily spasms and clinical assessment of spasticity with the modified Ashworth scale. The study was registered with the EudraCT number 2016-001034-10.ResultsBetween May 2, 2018, and February 20, 2020, 41 patients entered the study. Seven patients did not complete the study, so 34 were included in the analysis. Two serious adverse events occurred, but none related to cardiovascular function. Primary and secondary efficacy outcome measures did not change from baseline during nabiximols treatment relative to placebo.ConclusionThis study suggests that nabiximols use is probably safe in stroke patients, therefore cannabinoid usefulness may be further investigated. The lack of nabiximols effect could be related to low pain levels in recruited patients or different spasticity mechanisms between post-stroke and multiple sclerosis patients. Similarly, a beneficial effect of nabiximols could have emerged if more patients with a higher level of spasticity at baseline were recruited.Clinical Trial Registrationhttps://www.clinicaltrialsregister.eu/ctr-search/trial/2016-001034-10/IT.

International audience

Este volumen aborda distintos imaginarios de cohesión social presentes en el Cono Sur de América Latina entre 1900 y 1940. Para ello analiza el papel que en su conformación jugaron determinadas publicaciones periódicas 'institucionales, ideológicas, culturales' articuladoras de saberes y lenguajes de cohesión y convertidas en ámbitos privilegiados de la producción de sentido en la época.

[EN] This article analyses the points of contact, similarities and influences that existed at the beginning of the Twentieth century between the rform policis promoted in Spain and Argentina to adress the so-called social issue. It turns about intellectuals, officials and politicians who promoted them,for which it puts in dialogue two especific initiatives of labor reform carried out in both countries in key years for its respective social histories(1900-1905). On one hand the proposal for the creation of the Labor Institute in 1902 driven by the former Agriculture Minister Jose Canalejas y Méndez, which, like the Spanish proposal, also falled to be treated by Parliament but led to the creation of the first Labor laws in Argentina, [ES] Este articulo analiza los puntos de contacto, similitudes e influencias que existieron a comienzos del siglo XX entre las políticas de reforma impulsadas en España y Argentina para enfrentarla llamada cuestión social. Gira alrededor de los intelectuales, funcionarios y políticos que las impulsarón, para lo cual ppone en diálogo dos iniciativas especificas de reforma laboral llevadas adelante en amboss países en unos años clave para sus respectivas historias sociales(1900-1905). Se trata, por un lado, de la propuesta de creación del Instituto del Trabajo en 1902, impulsado por el exministro de Agricultura, José Canalejas y Méndez, que si bien no se concretó dio lugar, dos años más tarde, al Instituto de Reforma Sociales de España; por otro, del proyecto de ley Nacional el Trabajo promovido en 1904, por el ministro del Interior de Argentina, Joaquín V. González, que al igual que la propuesta española también fracasó al no ser tratado por el Parlamento, aunque derivó en la creación de las primeras leyes laborales en Argentina, Este trabajo se enmarca en el contexto del proyecto "Formas y representaciones de la cohesión social. Una perspectiva histórica a partir de experiencias de sociabilidad latinoamericana (1870-1960), HAHR 2015-65564R, I.P, financiado por el Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad, España, Plan Nacional de I+D

The δ-method has been developed to estimate molecular weight distributions of bitumens from phase-angle master curves. The method uses a correlation between the cross-over frequency(ωC) and the mol...

The effects of polymer modification on the durability of Polymer Modified Bitumens (PMBs) still remain relatively unclear due to partial understanding of the combined effects of ageing and loading ...

International audience; An important yet largely unexamined issue is how the interaction between deforestation and pollution affects economic and environmental sustainability.This article seeks to bridge the gap by introducing a dynamic model of pollution accumulation where polluting emissions can be mitigated and the absorption efficiency of pollution sinks can be restored. We assume that emissions are due to a production activity, and we include deforestation both as an additional source of emissions and as a cause of the exhaustion of environmental absorption efficiency. To account for the fact that the switching of natural sinks to a pollution source can be either possible, and in such a case even reversible, or impossible, we consider that restoration efforts can be either independent from or dependent on environmental absorption efficiency, i.e., state-independent versus state-dependent restoration efforts. We determine (i) whether production or deforestation is the most detrimental from environmental and social welfare perspectives, and (ii) how state-dependent restoration process affects pollution accumulation and deforestation policies and the related environmental and social welfare consequences.