20 results on '"Lauge Christensen"'
Search Results
2. X-ray diffractive imaging of controlled gas-phase molecules: Toward imaging of dynamics in the molecular frame
- Author
-
Fenglin Wang, Chun Hong Yoon, Joseph Robinson, Anton Barty, Adi Natan, Jochen Küpper, Stephan Stern, Mark S. Hunter, Rebecca Boll, Alan Fry, Mengning Liang, Artem Rudenko, Philip H. Bucksbaum, Richard Bean, Valerio Mariani, Sébastien Boutet, Henry N. Chapman, Jan Thøgersen, Henrik Stapelfeldt, Lauge Christensen, Jason E. Koglin, Andrew Aquila, Andrew J. Morgan, Joss Wiese, Kirsten Schnorr, Terry Mullins, Daniel Rolles, and Thomas Kierspel
- Subjects
Diffraction ,Photon ,FOS: Physical sciences ,General Physics and Astronomy ,Photon energy ,010402 general chemistry ,01 natural sciences ,Linear particle accelerator ,law.invention ,Molecular dynamics ,law ,Physics - Chemical Physics ,0103 physical sciences ,ddc:530 ,Physics - Atomic and Molecular Clusters ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry ,Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph) ,Physics ,010304 chemical physics ,Detector ,X-ray ,Laser ,0104 chemical sciences ,3. Good health ,Atomic physics ,Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus) - Abstract
We report experimental results on the diffractive imaging of three-dimensionally aligned 2,5-diiodothiophene molecules. The molecules were aligned by chirped near-infrared laser pulses, and their structure was probed at a photon energy of 9.5 keV (λ ≈ 130 pm) provided by the Linac Coherent Light Source. Diffracted photons were recorded on the Cornell-SLAC pixel array detector, and a two-dimensional diffraction pattern of the equilibrium structure of 2,5-diiodothiophene was recorded. The retrieved distance between the two iodine atoms agrees with the quantum-chemically calculated molecular structure to be within 5%. The experimental approach allows for the imaging of intrinsic molecular dynamics in the molecular frame, albeit this requires more experimental data, which should be readily available at upcoming high-repetition-rate facilities.
- Published
- 2020
3. The Papacy and Communication in the Central Middle Ages
- Author
-
Iben Marie Fonnesberg-Schmidt, William Kynan-Wilson, Gesine Elisabeth Oppitz-Trotman, Emil Lauge Christensen, and Woolgar, C. M.
- Published
- 2018
4. Alignment-dependent strong-field ionization yields of carbonyl sulfide molecules induced by mid-infrared laser pulses
- Author
-
Lauge Christensen, Kathrine Glerup Bay, Darko Dimitrovski, Jan Thøgersen, Rasmus R. Johansen, Henrik Stapelfeldt, and Lars Bojer Madsen
- Subjects
Matrix-assisted laser desorption electrospray ionization ,mid-infrared laser pulses ,Thermal ionization ,02 engineering and technology ,7. Clean energy ,01 natural sciences ,law.invention ,Atmospheric-pressure laser ionization ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,law ,Ionization ,0103 physical sciences ,Physics::Atomic and Molecular Clusters ,Physics::Atomic Physics ,Physics::Chemical Physics ,010306 general physics ,Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics ,Electron ionization ,Carbonyl sulfide ,Physics ,strong-field ionization ,aligned molecules ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Laser ,Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics ,Ion source ,chemistry ,Atomic physics ,0210 nano-technology - Abstract
Strong-field ionization of carbonyl sulphide (OCS) molecules, induced by a linearly polarized mid-infrared (mid-IR) probe laser pulse is investigated experimentally and theoretically. We focus on the dependence of the single-ionization yield on the alignment of the molecular axis with respect to the probe pulse polarization axis. In the experiment, the OCS molecules are 1-dimensionally adiabatically aligned and ionized by a 12-femtosecond pulse centered at 1850 nm. The alignment-dependent ionization yields are compared to the theory based on the two-step model for strong-field ionization. Overall the measurements are consistent with the theoretical results.
- Published
- 2016
5. Deconvoluting nonaxial recoil in Coulomb explosion measurements of molecular axis alignment
- Author
-
Henrik Stapelfeldt, Lauge Christensen, Benjamin Shepperson, and Lars Christiansen
- Subjects
Physics ,Coulomb explosion ,02 engineering and technology ,Molecular axis ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,01 natural sciences ,Ion ,Recoil ,0103 physical sciences ,Molecule ,Deconvolution ,Atomic physics ,Molecular alignment ,Nuclear Experiment ,010306 general physics ,0210 nano-technology - Abstract
We report a quantitative study of the effect of nonaxial recoil during Coulomb explosion of laser-aligned molecules and introduce a method to remove the blurring caused by nonaxial recoil in the fragment-ion angular distributions. Simulations show that nonaxial recoil affects correlations between the emission directions of fragment ions differently from the effect caused by imperfect molecular alignment. The method, based on analysis of the correlation between the emission directions of the fragment ions from Coulomb explosion, is used to deconvolute the effect of nonaxial recoil from experimental fragment angular distributions. The deconvolution method is then applied to a number of experimental data sets to correct the degree of alignment for nonaxial recoil, to select optimal Coulomb explosion channels for probing molecular alignment, and to estimate the highest degree of alignment that can be observed from selected Coulomb explosion channels.
- Published
- 2016
6. Covariance imaging experiments using a pixel-imaging mass-spectrometry camera
- Author
-
J. J. John, Claire Vallance, Alexandra Lauer, Jens H. Nielsen, Mark Brouard, Renato Turchetta, Mikael P. Johansson, Henrik Stapelfeldt, Andrei Nomerotski, Sophie Blake, Craig S. Slater, and Lauge Christensen
- Subjects
Physics ,Pixel ,business.industry ,Detector ,Coulomb explosion ,Covariance ,Engineering physics ,Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics ,Mass spectrometry imaging ,Optics ,Data acquisition ,Fragmentation (mass spectrometry) ,Femtosecond ,business - Abstract
The "pixel imaging mass spectrometry" camera is used to perform femtosecond laser-induced Coulomb explosion imaging of 3,5-dibromo-3′, 5′-difluoro-4′-cyanobiphenyl molecules prealigned in space. The experiment allows the concurrent detection of the correlated two-dimensional momentum images of all the ionic fragments resulting from fragmentation of multiple molecules in each acquisition cycle. The Coulomb explosion studies provide rich information about the parent molecular structure and fragmentation dynamics, and open new opportunities for real-time imaging of intramolecular processes. © 2014 American Physical Society.
- Published
- 2016
7. Communication: Three-fold covariance imaging of laser-induced Coulomb explosions
- Author
-
Michael Burt, Alexandra Lauer, Kasra Amini, Jens H. Nielsen, Henrik Stapelfeldt, Ian Bush, Mark Brouard, James D. Pickering, Craig S. Slater, and Lauge Christensen
- Subjects
Chemistry ,Coulomb explosion ,General Physics and Astronomy ,02 engineering and technology ,Covariance ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,01 natural sciences ,Mass spectrometry imaging ,Ion ,Recoil ,0103 physical sciences ,Femtosecond ,Coulomb ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry ,Atomic physics ,010306 general physics ,0210 nano-technology ,Spectroscopy - Abstract
We apply a three-fold covariance imaging method to analyse previously acquired data [C. S. Slater et al., Phys. Rev. A 89, 011401(R) (2014)] on the femtosecond laser-induced Coulomb explosion of spatially pre-aligned 3,5-dibromo-3′,5′-difluoro-4′-cyanobiphenyl molecules. The data were acquired using the “Pixel Imaging Mass Spectrometry” camera. We show how three-fold covariance imaging of ionic photofragment recoil trajectories can be used to provide new information about the parent ion’s molecular structure prior to its Coulomb explosion. In particular, we show how the analysis may be used to obtain information about molecular conformation and provide an alternative route for enantiomer determination.
- Published
- 2016
8. Laser-induced Coulomb explosion of 1,4-diiodobenzene molecules:Studies of isolated molecules and molecules in helium nanodroplets
- Author
-
Jens H. Nielsen, Benjamin Shepperson, Lars Christiansen, Henrik Stapelfeldt, Dominik Pentlehner, and Lauge Christensen
- Subjects
DYNAMICS ,FRAGMENT IONS ,COINCIDENCE ,chemistry.chemical_element ,02 engineering and technology ,01 natural sciences ,Molecular physics ,Ion ,Recoil ,0103 physical sciences ,Molecule ,PHOTOELECTRON ,Connection (algebraic framework) ,010306 general physics ,Helium ,Physics ,ANGULAR-DISTRIBUTIONS ,Coulomb explosion ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,FIELDS ,Orientation (vector space) ,ENHANCED IONIZATION ,Full width at half maximum ,ALIGNMENT ,chemistry ,X-RAY ,Atomic physics ,0210 nano-technology ,COVARIANCE DATA-ACQUISITION - Abstract
Coulomb explosion of 1,4--diiodobenzene molecules, isolated or embedded in helium nanodroplets, is induced by irradiation with an intense femtosecond laser pulse. The recoiling ion fragments are probed by time-of-flight measurements and two-dimensional velocity map imaging. Correlation analysis of the emission directions of ${\mathrm{I}}^{+}$ ions recoiling from each end of the molecules reveals significant deviation from axial recoil, i.e., where the ${\mathrm{I}}^{+}$ ions leave strictly along the I-I symmetry axis. For isolated molecules, the relative angular distribution of the ${\mathrm{I}}^{+}$ ions is centered at ${180}^{\ensuremath{\circ}}$, corresponding to perfect axial recoil, but with a full width at half maximum of ${30}^{\ensuremath{\circ}}$. For molecules inside He droplets, the width of the distribution increases to ${45}^{\ensuremath{\circ}}$. These results provide a direct measure of the accuracy of Coulomb explosion as a probe of the spatial orientation of molecules, which is particularly relevant in connection with laser-induced molecular alignment and orientation. In addition, our studies show how it is possible to identify fragmentation pathways of the Coulomb explosion for the isolated 1,4--diiodobenzene molecules. Finally, for the 1,4--diiodobenzene molecules in He droplets, it is shown that the angular correlation between fragments from the Coulomb explosion is preserved after they have interacted with the He environment.
- Published
- 2016
9. Coulomb-explosion imaging using a pixel-imaging mass-spectrometry camera
- Author
-
Lauge Christensen, Mark Brouard, C. Sean Bohun, Jens H. Nielsen, Sophie Blake, Alexandra Lauer, Craig S. Slater, Claire Vallance, Henrik Stapelfeldt, and Mikael P. Johansson
- Subjects
Physics ,Optics ,Pixel ,business.industry ,Coulomb explosion ,Microchannel plate detector ,Three-CCD camera ,Image sensor ,business ,Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics ,Mass spectrometry imaging ,Stereo camera ,Camera resectioning - Abstract
Femtosecond laser-induced Coulomb-explosion imaging of 3,5-dibromo-3′,5′-difluoro-4′-cyanobiphenyl molecules prealigned in space is explored using a pixel-imaging mass-spectrometry (PImMS) camera. The fast-event-triggered camera allows the concurrent detection of the correlated two-dimensional momentum images, or covariance maps, of all the ionic fragments resulting from fragmentation of multiple molecules in each acquisition cycle. Detailed simulation of the covariance maps reveals that they provide rich information about the parent molecular structure and fragmentation dynamics. Future opportunities for imaging the real-time dynamics of intramolecular processes are considered.
- Published
- 2015
10. Using laser-induced Coulomb explosion of aligned chiral molecules to determine their absolute configuration
- Author
-
Alexandra Lauer, Lauge Christensen, Craig S. Slater, Mark Brouard, Henrik Stapelfeldt, and Jens H. Nielsen
- Subjects
Physics ,Range (particle radiation) ,010304 chemical physics ,Coulomb explosion ,Absolute configuration ,Ionic bonding ,Laser ,01 natural sciences ,Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics ,Ion ,law.invention ,law ,0103 physical sciences ,Femtosecond ,Molecule ,Atomic physics ,010306 general physics - Abstract
The absolute configuration of chiral molecules in the gas phase is determined by femtosecond laser-induced Coulomb explosion and recording of the emission direction of critical ionic fragments. The spatial orientation of the 3,5-dibromo-3′,5′-diflouro-4′-cyanobiphenyl molecules studied is determined by a combination of laser-induced alignment and time-of-flight measurement of F+ ion recoils. Hereby, the enatiomeric state of the molecules could be uniquely identified through analysis of the correlation of the angular distribution of F+ and Br+ ions. The method will apply to a range of molecules and allow imaging of chiral changes on ultrafast time scales.
- Published
- 2015
11. Imaging molecular structure through femtosecond photoelectron diffraction on aligned and oriented gas-phase molecules
- Author
-
Sebastian Trippel, Ilme Schlichting, Arnaud Rouzée, Nele L. M. Mueller, Joachim Ullrich, A. Hoemke, F. Scholz, Marc Messerschmidt, Lutz Foucar, L. Holmegaard, K.-U. Kuehnel, Rebecca Boll, Jens Viefhaus, Henry N. Chapman, Tais Gorkhover, Nicola Coppola, Lauge Christensen, R. Coffee, M. Adolph, Benjamin Erk, Marc J. J. Vrakking, Sankar De, Evgeny Savelyev, Christoph Bostedt, Piero Decleva, Jan Thøgersen, J. Seltmann, Artem Rudenko, Joachim Schulz, Lars Gumprecht, John D. Bozek, Andrew Aquila, Per Johnsson, Frank Filsinger, Benedikt Rudek, Daniel Rolles, Stephan T. Stern, Jens S. Kienitz, Cédric Bomme, Henrik Stapelfeldt, Mauro Stener, Faton Krasniqi, Simone Techert, Sascha W. Epp, Denis Anielski, J. Kuepper, Sadia Bari, Thomas Kierspel, S. Schorb, R. Moshammer, Carlo Schmidt, Jochen Maurer, Decleva, Pietro, Stener, Mauro, and Et, A. l.
- Subjects
Diffraction ,Physics ,Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph) ,FOS: Physical sciences ,Physics::Optics ,Context (language use) ,Electron ,Laser ,physics.atom-ph ,Spectral line ,Physics - Atomic Physics ,Ion ,law.invention ,law ,Femtosecond ,ddc:540 ,Physics::Atomic and Molecular Clusters ,Molecule ,Physics::Atomic Physics ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry ,Atomic physics ,photoelectron - Abstract
This paper gives an account of our progress towards performing femtosecond time-resolved photoelectron diffraction on gas-phase molecules in a pump-probe setup combining optical lasers and an X-ray Free-Electron Laser. We present results of two experiments aimed at measuring photoelectron angular distributions of laser-aligned 1-ethynyl-4-fluorobenzene (C8H5F) and dissociating, laseraligned 1,4-dibromobenzene (C6H4Br2) molecules and discuss them in the larger context of photoelectron diffraction on gas-phase molecules. We also show how the strong nanosecond laser pulse used for adiabatically laser-aligning the molecules influences the measured electron and ion spectra and angular distributions, and discuss how this may affect the outcome of future time-resolved photoelectron diffraction experiments., 24 pages, 10 figures, Faraday Discussions 171
- Published
- 2014
12. Dynamic Stark Control of Torsional Motion by a Pair of Laser Pulses
- Author
-
Alexandra Lauer, Mark Brouard, Craig S. Slater, Christian B. Brandt, C. B. Madsen, Mikael P. Johansson, Benjamin Shepperson, Jens H. Nielsen, Henrik Stapelfeldt, Lauge Christensen, and Lars Bojer Madsen
- Subjects
Physics ,Linear polarization ,General Physics and Astronomy ,Torsion (mechanics) ,02 engineering and technology ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Laser ,01 natural sciences ,Engineering physics ,law.invention ,symbols.namesake ,Amplitude ,Stark effect ,law ,0103 physical sciences ,symbols ,Perpendicular ,Molecule ,Single bond ,Atomic physics ,010306 general physics ,0210 nano-technology - Abstract
The torsional motion of a molecule composed of two substituted benzene rings, linked by a single bond, is coherently controlled by a pair of strong ($3\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}1{0}^{13}\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{W}\text{ }{\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}2}$), nonresonant (800 nm) 200-fs-long laser pulses---both linearly polarized perpendicular to the single-bond axis. If the second pulse is sent at the time when the two benzene rings rotate toward (away from) each other the amplitude of the torsion is strongly enhanced (reduced). The torsional motion persists for more than 150 ps corresponding to approximately 120 torsional oscillations. Our calculations show that the key to control is the strong transient modification of the natural torsional potential by the laser-induced dynamic Stark effect.
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Resonance-enhanced multiple ionization of krypton at an x-ray free-electron laser
- Author
-
Ilme Schlichting, Sascha W. Epp, Artem Rudenko, Joachim Ullrich, Sebastian Trippel, Shankar De, Lauge Christensen, Tatiana Marchenko, Daniel Rolles, John D. Bozek, Ryan Coffee, Rebecca Boll, Sang-Kil Son, Benedikt Rudek, Sebastian Schorb, Shin-ichi Wada, Robin Santra, Benjamin Erk, Lutz Foucar, Denis Anielski, Christoph Bostedt, Marc Simon, and Kiyoshi Ueda
- Subjects
Nuclear physics ,Physics ,Physics::Atomic and Molecular Clusters ,ddc:530 ,DESY ,Physics::Atomic Physics ,Humanities ,Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics ,Marie curie - Abstract
Benedikt Rudek,1,2,3,* Daniel Rolles,1,3,4,* Sang-Kil Son,5 Lutz Foucar,1,4 Benjamin Erk,1,2 Sascha Epp,1,2 Rebecca Boll,1,2 Denis Anielski,1,2 Christoph Bostedt,6 Sebastian Schorb,6,7 Ryan Coffee,6 John Bozek,6 Sebastian Trippel,5 Tatiana Marchenko,8 Marc Simon,8 Lauge Christensen,9 Sankar De,10,11 Shin-ichi Wada,12 Kiyoshi Ueda,13 Ilme Schlichting,1,4 Robin Santra,5,14 Joachim Ullrich,1,2,15 and Artem Rudenko1,2,16 1Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Notkestrase 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany 2Max-Planck-Institut fur Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany 3DESY, Notkestrase 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany 4Max-Planck-Institut fur medizinische Forschung, Jahnstrase 29, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany 5Center for Free-Electron Laser Science CFEL, DESY, Notkestrase 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany 6SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA 7Institut fur Optik und Atomare Physik, Technische Universitat Berlin, Hardenbergstrase 36, 10623 Berlin, Germany 8Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matiere et Rayonnement, UPMC and CNRS, 11 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 75231 Paris, France 9Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark 10Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark 11Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, 700064 Kolkata, India 12Department of Physical Science, Hiroshima University, 739-8236 Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan 13IMRAM, Tohoku University, Katahira 2-1-1, Aoba-ku, 980-8577 Sendai, Japan 14Department of Physics, Universitat Hamburg, Jungiusstrase 9, 20355 Hamburg, Germany 15Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, Bundesallee 100, 38116 Braunschweig, Germany 16J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, 116 Cardwell Hall, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, USA (Received 18 January 2013; published 19 February 2013)
- Published
- 2013
14. Coulomb explosion imaging of small organic molecules at LCLS
- Author
-
Sebastian Schorb, Ilme Schlichting, Shankar De, John D. Bozek, Lauge Christensen, Tatiana Marchenko, Benedikt Rudek, Joachim Ullrich, Mark Simon, Arnaud Rouzée, Frank Filsinger, Lutz Foucar, Max J. Cryle, Shin-ichi Wada, Benjamin Erk, Kiyoshi Ueda, Axel Hundertmark, Christoph Bostedt, Sebastian Trippel, Artem Rudenko, Daniel Rolles, Claus Dieter Schroeter, and Sascha W. Epp
- Subjects
History ,Chemistry ,Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena ,Coulomb explosion ,Ionic bonding ,Pulse duration ,Kinetic energy ,Laser ,Computer Science Applications ,Education ,Organic molecules ,law.invention ,Molecular geometry ,Fragmentation (mass spectrometry) ,law ,ddc:530 ,Atomic physics - Abstract
Journal of physics / Conference Series 388(2), 022108(2012). doi:10.1088/1742-6596/388/2/022108, Fragmentation of small organic molecules by intense few-femtosecond X-ray free-electron laser pulses has been studied using Coulomb explosion imaging. By measuring kinetic energies and emission angles of the ionic fragments in coincidence, we disentangle different fragmentation pathways, for certain cases can reconstruct molecular geometry at the moment of explosion, and show how it depends on LCLS pulse duration., Published by IOP Publ., Bristol
- Published
- 2012
15. Ultrafast charge rearrangement and nuclear dynamics upon inner-shell multiple ionization of small polyatomic molecules
- Author
-
Sebastian Trippel, S. Schorb, Frank Filsinger, Benjamin Erk, John D. Bozek, Kiyoshi Ueda, Christoph Bostedt, Ilme Schlichting, Lauge Christensen, Tatiana Marchenko, Max J. Cryle, Marc Simon, Marc Messerschmidt, Axel Hundertmark, Sankar De, Arnaud Rouzée, Joachim Ullrich, Claus Dieter Schröter, Benedikt Rudek, Henrik Stapelfeldt, Daniel Rolles, Artem Rudenko, Shin-ichi Wada, Michele Swiggers, Lutz Foucar, Robert Moshammer, Jochen Küpper, and Sascha W. Epp
- Subjects
Physics ,Polyatomic ion ,Coulomb explosion ,General Physics and Astronomy ,Ionic bonding ,Kinetic energy ,Omega ,Ion ,Ionization ,ddc:550 ,Physics::Atomic and Molecular Clusters ,Physics::Atomic Physics ,Atomic physics ,Spectroscopy - Abstract
Ionization and fragmentation of methylselenol (${\mathrm{CH}}_{3}\mathrm{SeH}$) molecules by intense ($g{10}^{17}\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{W}/{\mathrm{cm}}^{2}$) 5 fs x-ray pulses ($\ensuremath{\hbar}\ensuremath{\omega}=2\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{keV}$) are studied by coincident ion momentum spectroscopy. We contrast the measured charge state distribution with data on atomic Kr, determine kinetic energies of resulting ionic fragments, and compare them to the outcome of a Coulomb explosion model. We find signatures of ultrafast charge redistribution from the inner-shell ionized Se atom to its molecular partners, and observe significant displacement of the atomic constituents in the course of multiple ionization.
- Published
- 2012
16. Molecular-Frame 3D Photoelectron Momentum Distributions by Tomographic Reconstruction
- Author
-
Lauge Christensen, Jochen Maurer, Lars Bojer Madsen, Darko Dimitrovski, and Henrik Stapelfeldt
- Subjects
Field (physics) ,Static Electricity ,General Physics and Astronomy ,Lasers, Solid-State ,Naphthalenes ,01 natural sciences ,010305 fluids & plasmas ,law.invention ,Momentum ,Optics ,Imaging, Three-Dimensional ,law ,Ionization ,0103 physical sciences ,Physics::Atomic Physics ,010306 general physics ,Anisotropy ,Physics ,Tomographic reconstruction ,business.industry ,Photoelectron Spectroscopy ,Models, Theoretical ,Laser ,Molecular Imaging ,Orientation (vector space) ,Projection (relational algebra) ,Atomic physics ,business - Abstract
Naphthalene molecules are fixed in space by a laser field and rotated, in 2\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{} steps, over 180\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}. For each orientation, they are ionized by an intense, circularly polarized femtosecond laser pulse, and the 2D projection of the photoelectron momentum distribution is recorded. The molecular-frame 3D momentum distribution is obtained by tomographic reconstruction from all 90 projections. It reveals an anisotropic electron distribution, angularly shifted in the polarization plane, that is not accessible by the 2D momentum images. Our theoretical analysis shows that the magnitude of the angular shift is very sensitive to the exact form of the laser-modified molecular potential.
- Published
- 2012
17. Strongly aligned gas-phase molecules at free-electron lasers
- Author
-
Stephan Stern, Rebecca Boll, Chun Hong Yoon, Valerio Mariani, Fenglin Wang, Philip H. Bucksbaum, Jan Thøgersen, Richard Bean, Henry N. Chapman, Andrew Aquila, Andrew J. Morgan, Adi Natan, Thomas Kierspel, Anton Barty, Alan Fry, Sebastian Trippel, Jason E. Koglin, Mark S. Hunter, Joss Wiese, Daniel Rolles, Henrik Stapelfeldt, Terry Mullins, Sébastien Boutet, Artem Rudenko, Lauge Christensen, Joseph Robinson, Vladimir S. Petrovic, Kirsten Schnorr, Jochen Küpper, and Mengning Liang
- Subjects
Free electron model ,Chirped pulse amplification ,Materials science ,FOS: Physical sciences ,Physics::Optics ,02 engineering and technology ,01 natural sciences ,Linear particle accelerator ,law.invention ,Optics ,law ,0103 physical sciences ,ddc:530 ,Physics - Atomic and Molecular Clusters ,Physics::Atomic Physics ,010306 general physics ,business.industry ,Pulse duration ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Laser ,Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics ,Pulse (physics) ,Beamline ,Physics::Accelerator Physics ,Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus) ,0210 nano-technology ,business ,Molecular beam - Abstract
We demonstrate a novel experimental implementation to strongly align molecules at full repetition rates of free-electron lasers. We utilized the available in-house laser system at the coherent x-ray imaging beamline at the Linac Coherent Light Source. Chirped laser pulses, i. e., the direct output from the regenerative amplifier of the Ti:Sa chirped pulse amplification laser system, were used to strongly align 2,5-diiodothiophene molecules in a molecular beam. The alignment laser pulses had pulse energies of a few mJ and a pulse duration of 94 ps. A degree of alignment of $\left$ = 0.85 was measured, limited by the intrinsic temperature of the molecular beam rather than by the available laser system. With the general availability of synchronized chirped-pulse-amplified near-infrared laser systems at short-wavelength laser facilities, our approach allows for the universal preparation of molecules tightly fixed in space for experiments with x-ray pulses., Comment: 10 pages, 5 figures
- Published
- 2015
18. The Papacy and Communication in the Central Middle Ages
- Author
-
Iben Marie Fonnesberg-Schmidt, William Kynan-Wilson, Gesine Elisabeth Oppitz-Trotman, and Emil Lauge Christensen
19. Time-resolved photoelectron diffraction of laser-aligned molecules
- Author
-
Arnaud Rouzée, T. Mullins, Rebecca Boll, S. Düsterer, Shankar De, Carlo Schmidt, Lotte Holmegaard, Lars Gumprecht, Tais Gorkhover, Daniel Rolles, Jan Thøgersen, Joachim Schulz, Artem Rudenko, M. Adolph, Benjamin Erk, Denis Anielski, Benedikt Rudek, Per Johnsson, Andrew Aquila, Lauge Christensen, Henrik Stapelfeldt, Marc J. J. Vrakking, Sebastian Trippel, Nicola Coppola, J. Ullrich, Henry N. Chapman, Stephan T. Stern, Faton Krasniqi, R. Coffee, Lutz Foucar, R. Moshammer, Frank Filsinger, Rolf Treusch, A. V. Golovin, K. U. Kühnel, Simone Techert, John D. Bozek, S. Dziarzhytski, S. Schorb, Jochen Küpper, Jochen Maurer, C. Bostedt, Sascha W. Epp, Harald Redlin, and Kirsten Schnorr
- Subjects
Diffraction ,Chemistry ,Polyatomic ion ,Physics::Optics ,Photoionization ,Laser ,Molecular physics ,law.invention ,law ,Ionization ,Femtosecond ,Physics::Atomic and Molecular Clusters ,Molecule ,Physics::Atomic Physics ,Physics::Chemical Physics ,Atomic physics ,Image resolution - Abstract
Static and time-resolved photoelectron diffraction of laser-aligned polyatomic molecules photoionized by Free-Electron Laser pulses is presented. The results are a proof-of-principle for imaging dynamic structural changes in molecules with femtosecond temporal and Angstrom spatial resolution.
20. Framing papal communication in the central Middle Ages
- Author
-
Althoff, Gerd, Fonnesberg-Schmidt, Iben, Kynan-Wilson, William, Fonnesberg-Schmidt, Iben, Kynan-Wilson, William, Oppitz-Trotman, Gesine, and Lauge Christensen, Emil
- Published
- 2021
Catalog
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.