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Colonic lavage with physiological saline causes undesirable side effects. A solution as first described by Hewitt was modified and used clinically for whole gut lavage. In comparison with the original solution an unchanged high fluid resorption of 22% of the total was seen. However, changes in acid-base and electrolyte balance were less than after washout with normal saline. Hypokalaemia or metabolic acidosis were not seen any longer. The modified solution thus seems more suitable than saline but does not yet fulfill all the requirements of an optimal solution.

Objectives: In recent years the subchondral bone and its importance for a successful regenerative therapy of osteochondral lesions and the articular surface unit in the knee came into focus, as severe symptomatic and unstable osteochondral defects of large size and depth are difficult to treat. A new[for full text, please go to the a.m. URL], Deutscher Kongress für Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie (DKOU 2015)

Fragestellung: Mesenchymale Stammzellen (MSCs) sind eine mögliche Zellquelle für die Regeneration von Knorpelschäden. Chondrogen differenzierende MSC exprimieren jedoch Hypertrophiemarker wie Kollagen10 und Alkalische Phosphatase. Dies macht den Einsatz von MSCs für Tissue Engineering[for full text, please go to the a.m. URL], Deutscher Kongress für Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie (DKOU 2012)

Fragestellung: Meniskusläsionen im avaskulären Bereich sind ein bislang ungelöstes Problem in der Traumatologie. Die derzeitige klinische Praxis der partiellen Meniskektomie bei solchen Verletzungen stellt jedoch eine präarthrotische Veränderung für das Kniegelenk dar. [for full text, please go to the a.m. URL], Deutscher Kongress für Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie; 74. Jahrestagung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Unfallchirurgie, 96. Tagung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Orthopädie und Orthopädische Chirurgie, 51. Tagung des Berufsverbandes der Fachärzte für Orthopädie

Fragestellung: Aufgrund des fehlenden eigenen Heilungspotentials stellen Knorpelläsionen eine präarthrotische Veränderung dar. Tissue Engineering ist ein vielversprechender Ansatz zur Therapie solcher Verletzungen. Wie an der höheren Prävalenz der Arthrose postmenopausal bei[for full text, please go to the a.m. URL], Deutscher Kongress für Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie; 74. Jahrestagung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Unfallchirurgie, 96. Tagung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Orthopädie und Orthopädische Chirurgie, 51. Tagung des Berufsverbandes der Fachärzte für Orthopädie

This study examined the effects of low intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) on human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells undergoing chondrogenic differentiation. Aggregates of mesenchymal stem cells and mesenchymal stem cells seeded in three dimensional matrices were cultured in a defined chondrogenic medium and subjected to LIPUS for the first 7 days of culture. At 1, 7, 14 and 21 days, samples were harvested for histology, immunohistochemistry, RT-PCR, and quantitative DNA and matrix macromolecule analysis. Cell aggregates with daily treatment for 20 minutes showed no significant differences for proteoglycan and collagen content during chondrogenic differentiation. However ultrasound application for 40 minutes daily resulted in a statistically significant increase of the proteoglycan and collagen content after 21 days in culture. Aggregates treated for 20 minutes daily showed decreased expression of chondrogenic genes at all time points. In contrast, 40 minutes of daily treatment of aggregates resulted in a significant increase of chondrogenic marker genes after an initial decrease at day 7 with time in culture. Ultrasound treated cell-scaffold constructs showed a significant increase of chondrogenic marker gene expression and extracellular matrix deposition. This study indicates that LIPUS can be used to enhance the chondrogenesis of mesenchymal stem cells in cell aggregates and cell-scaffold constructs. We have found a dependency on the specific treatment parameters. We hypothesize that LIPUS can be used for an improved in vitro preparation of optimized tissue engineering implants for cartilage repair. Furthermore this non-invasive method could also be of potential use in vivo for regenerative therapy of cartilage in the future.