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2. Temperament Is Associated With Outdoor Free Play in Young Children: A TARGet Kids! Study

Author

Julia R. Sharp, Jonathon L. Maguire, Sarah Carsley, Kawsari Abdullah, Yang Chen, Eliana M. Perrin, Patricia C. Parkin, Catherine S. Birken, Eddy Lau, Andreas Laupacis, Michael Salter, Peter Szatmari, Shannon Weir, Mary Aglipay, Yamna Ali, Laura N. Anderson, Imaan Bayoumi, Cornelia M. Borkhoff, Shiyi Chen, David W.H. Dai, Denise Darmawikarta, Cindy-Lee Dennis, Karen Eny, Stephanie Erdle, Kayla Furlong, Kanthi Kavikondala, Christine Koroshegyi, Christine Kowal, Grace Jieun Lee, Dalah Mason, Jessica Omand, Navindra Persaud, Lesley Plumptre, Meta van den Heuvel, Shelley Vanderhout, Peter Wong, Weeda Zabih, Murtala Abdurrahman, Barbara Anderson, Kelly Anderson, Gordon Arbess, Jillian Baker, Tony Barozzino, Sylvie Bergeron, Dimple Bhagat, Nicholas Blanchette, Gary Bloch, Joey Bonifacio, Ashna Bowry, Anne Brown, Jennifer Bugera, Caroline Calpin, Douglas Campbell, Sohail Cheema, Elaine Cheng, Brian Chisamore, Evelyn Constantin, Erin Culbert, Karoon Danayan, Paul Das, Mary Beth Derocher, Anh Do, Michael Dorey, Kathleen Doukas, Anne Egger, Allison Farber, Amy Freedman, Sloane Freeman, Keewai Fung, Sharon Gazeley, Donna Goldenberg, Charlie Guiang, Dan Ha, Shuja Hafiz, Curtis Handford, Laura Hanson, Leah Harrington, Hailey Hatch, Teresa Hughes, Sheila Jacobson, Lukasz Jagiello, Gwen Jansz, Paul Kadar, Tara Kiran, Lauren Kitney, Holly Knowles, Bruce Kwok, Sheila Lakhoo, Margarita Lam-Antoniades, Fok-Han Leung, Alan Li, Patricia Li, Jennifer Loo, Joanne Louis, Sarah Mahmoud, Roy Male, Vashti Mascoll, Rosemary Moodie, Julia Morinis, Maya Nader, Sharon Naymark, Patricia Neelands, James Owen, Jane Parry, Michael Peer, Kifi Pena, Marty Perlmutar, Andrew Pinto, Tracy Pitt, Michelle Porepa, Vikky Qi, Nasreen Ramji, Noor Ramji, Jesleen Rana, Alana Rosenthal, Katherine Rouleau, Janet Saunderson, Rahul Saxena, Vanna Schiralli, Michael Sgro, Susan Shepherd, Barbara Smiltnieks, Cinntha Srikanthan, Carolyn Taylor, Suzanne Turner, Fatima Uddin, Joanne Vaughan, Thea Weisdorf, Sheila Wijayasinghe, Anne Wormsbecker, Ethel Ying, Elizabeth Young, Michael Zajdman, Marivic Bustos, Charmaine Camacho, Dharma Dalwadi, Thivia Jegathesan, Tarandeep Malhi, Sharon Thadani, Julia Thompson, Laurie Thompson, Christopher Allen, Bryan Boodhoo, Judith Hall, Peter Juni, Gerald Lebovic, Karen Pope, Jodi Shim, Kevin Thorpe, and Azar Azad

Subjects
Male, Surgency, media_common.quotation_subject, Psychological intervention, Negative affectivity, Developmental psychology, 03 medical and health sciences, Sex Factors, 0302 clinical medicine, Risk Factors, 030225 pediatrics, medicine, Humans, Obesity, 030212 general & internal medicine, Temperament, Association (psychology), Exercise, media_common, Extraversion and introversion, Confounding, Infant, medicine.disease, Play and Playthings, Child, Preschool, Multivariate Analysis, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Linear Models, Female, Sedentary Behavior, Psychology, Clinical psychology
Abstract

Objective Outdoor free play is important for preschoolers' physical activity, health, and development. Certain temperamental characteristics are associated with obesity, nutrition, and sedentary behaviors in preschoolers, but the relationship between temperament and outdoor play has not been examined. This study examined whether there is an association between temperament and outdoor play in young children. Methods Healthy children aged 1 to 5 years recruited to The Applied Research Group for Kids (TARGet Kids!), a community-based primary care research network, from July 2008 to September 2013 were included. Parent-reported child temperament was assessed using the Childhood Behavior Questionnaire. Outdoor free play and other potential confounding variables were assessed through validated questionnaires. Multivariable linear regression was used to determine the association between temperament and outdoor play, adjusted for potential confounders. Results There were 3393 children with data on outdoor play. The association between negative affectivity and outdoor play was moderated by sex; in boys, for every 1-point increase in negative affectivity score, mean outdoor play decreased by 4.7 minutes per day. There was no significant association in girls. Surgency was associated with outdoor play; for every 1-point increase in surgency/extraversion, outdoor play increased by 4.6 minutes per day. Conclusions Young children's temperamental characteristics were associated with their participation in outdoor free play. Consideration of temperament could enhance interventions and strategies to increase outdoor play in young children. Longitudinal studies are needed to elucidate the relationship between children's early temperament and physical activity.

Published
2018

3. BMI-for-Age and Weight-for-Length in Children 0 to 2 Years

Author

Jonathon L Maguire, Gerald Lebovic, Deborah L O'Connor, Catherine S Birken, Kayla Furlong, Huiying Kang, Laura N. Anderson, and Patricia C. Parkin

Subjects
Male, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Cross-sectional study, Body height, Body weight, Body Mass Index, Correlation, Weight for length, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Reference Values, 030225 pediatrics, medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Growth Charts, business.industry, Body Weight, Infant, Newborn, Infant, Infant newborn, Body Height, Cross-Sectional Studies, Child, Preschool, Reference values, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Female, business, Body mass index
Abstract

OBJECTIVES: To determine the agreement between weight-for-length and BMI-for-age in children 0 to METHODS: Cross-sectional data on healthy, term-born children (n = 1632) aged 0 to RESULTS: The correlation between weight-for-length and BMI-for-age was strong (r = 0.986, P < .0001) and Bland-Altman plots revealed good agreement (difference = −0.08, SD = 0.20, P = .91). A small proportion (6.3%) of observations were misclassified and most misclassifications occurred near the percentile cutoffs. There were no differences by age and sex. Agreement was similar between research- and routinely collected data (r = 0.99, P < .001; mean difference −0.84, SD = 0.20, P = .67). CONCLUSIONS: Weight-for-length and BMI-for-age demonstrated high agreement with low misclassification. BMI-for-age may be an appropriate indicator of growth in the first 2 years of life and has the potential to be used from birth to adulthood. Additional investigation is needed to determine if BMI-for-age in children

Published
2016

4. The Association of Breastfeeding Duration and Early Childhood Cardiometabolic Risk

Author

Peter D. Wong, Laura N. Anderson, David D.W. Dai, Patricia C. Parkin, Jonathan L. Maguire, Catherine S. Birken, Eddy Lau, Andreas Laupacis, Michael Salter, Peter Szatmari, Shannon Weir, Charmaine Camacho, Arthana Chandraraj, Dharma Dalwadi, Ayesha Islam, Thivia Jegathesan, Tarandeep Malhi, Megan Smith, Laurie Thompson, Christopher Allen, Bryan Boodhoo, Judith Hall, Peter Juni, Gerald Lebovic, Karen Pope, Jodi Shim, Kevin Thorpe, Azar Azad, Kawsari Abdullah, Yamna Ali, Imaan Bayoumi, Cornelia M. Borkhoff, Sarah Carsley, Shiyi Chen, Yang Chen, Denise Darmawikarta, Cindy-Lee Dennis, Karen Eny, Stephanie Erdle, Kayla Furlong, Kanthi Kavikondala, Christine Koroshegyi, Christine Kowal, Grace Jieun Lee, Dalah Mason, Jessica Omand, Navindra Persaud, Lesley Plumptre, Meta van den Heuvel, Shelley Vanderhout, Weeda Zabih, Murtala Abdurrahman, Barbara Anderson, Kelly Anderson, Gordon Arbess, Jillian Baker, Tony Barozzino, Sylvie Bergeron, Dimple Bhagat, Nicholas Blanchette, Gary Bloch, Joey Bonifacio, Ashna Bowry, Anne Brown, Jennifer Bugera, Douglas Campbell, Sohail Cheema, Elaine Cheng, Brian Chisamore, Ellen Culbert, Karoon Danayan, Paul Das, Mary Beth Derocher, Anh Do, Michael Dorey, Kathleen Doukas, Anne Egger, Allison Farber, Amy Freedman, Sloane Freeman, Keewai Fung, Sharon Gazeley, Charlie Guiang, Dan Ha, Curtis Handford, Laura Hanson, Hailey Hatch, Teresa Hughes, Sheila Jacobson, Lukasz Jagiello, Gwen Jansz, Paul Kadar, Tara Kiran, Lauren Kitney, Holly Knowles, Bruce Kwok, Sheila Lakhoo, Margarita Lam-Antoniades, Fok-Han Leung, Alan Li, Jennifer Loo, Joanne Louis, Sarah Mahmoud, Roy Male, Vashti Mascoll, Rosemary Moodie, Julia Morinis, Maya Nader, Sharon Naymark, Patricia Neelands, James Owen, Jane Parry, Michael Peer, Kifi Pena, Marty Perlmutar, Andrew Pinto, Tracy Pitt, Michelle Porepa, Vikky Qi, Nasreen Ramji, Noor Ramji, Jesleen Rana, Alana Rosenthal, Katherine Rouleau, Janet Saunderson, Rahul Saxena, Vanna Schiralli, Michael Sgro, Hafiz Shuja, Susan Shepherd, Barbara Smiltnieks, Cinntha Srikanthan, Carolyn Taylor, Suzanne Turner, Fatima Uddin, Joanne Vaughan, Thea Weisdorf, Sheila Wijayasinghe, Anne Wormsbecker, Ethel Ying, Elizabeth Young, Michael Zajdman, and Ian Zenlea

Subjects
Male, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Time Factors, Waist, Heart disease, Cross-sectional study, Breastfeeding, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Standard score, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Metabolic Diseases, Risk Factors, 030225 pediatrics, Humans, Medicine, Early childhood, Child, business.industry, Age Factors, Infant, Newborn, Infant, Protective Factors, medicine.disease, Breast Feeding, Cross-Sectional Studies, Blood pressure, Cardiovascular Diseases, Child, Preschool, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Linear Models, Female, business, Breast feeding
Abstract

Objective To evaluate the association between breastfeeding duration and early childhood cardiometabolic risk. Study design A cross-sectional study of 1539 healthy children, 3-6 years of age, recruited through The Applied Research Group for Kids! practice-based research network between October 2009 and August 2015. Adjusted multivariable linear regression was used to examine the association between breastfeeding duration and cardiometabolic risk z score and individual cardiometabolic risk factors of waist circumference, systolic blood pressure, glucose, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglycerides. Results The mean breastfeeding duration was 12.5 months (SD = 8.4). Breastfeeding duration was associated with lower cardiometabolic risk z score (beta = −0.03; 95% CI −0.05, −0.01). In analysis of cardiometabolic risk factors, each additional 3 months of breastfeeding was associated with a 0.13 cm (95% CI −0.20, −0.05) lower waist circumference and 0.16 mm Hg (95% CI −0.30, −0.02) lower systolic blood pressure. Compared with children who breastfed for 6-12 months, those who breastfed for 12-24 months had a lower systolic blood pressure of 1.07 mm Hg (95% CI −2.04, −0.10). There was no association between breastfeeding duration and cardiometabolic risk for those who breastfed beyond 24 months. Conclusions Breastfeeding duration is associated with lower cardiometabolic risk, although the magnitude of association is small. Causation cannot be inferred. Breastfeeding beyond 24 months may not have an added benefit for cardiometabolic health.

Published
2018

5. Vitamin D Status and Respiratory Tract Infections: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis of Observational Evidence

Author

Kayla Furlong, Jessica Omand, Michael Pitino, Michelle Science, Deborah O'Connor, Jonathon Maguire, and Dat Tran

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Respiratory tract infections, business.industry, Inflammation, Antimicrobial, Biochemistry, Observational evidence, Meta-analysis, Internal medicine, Genetics, medicine, Vitamin D and neurology, medicine.symptom, business, Molecular Biology, Respiratory health, Biotechnology
Abstract

Background: Vitamin D is postulated to have antimicrobial properties, reduce inflammation, and has been implicated in respiratory health. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) has been associated wit...

Published
2015

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