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One third of patients diagnosed with cancer develop oral complications during cancer treatment. Health care professionals play an important role in the management of patients undergoing cancer therapies; however, optimal oral care for cancer patients is often missing from nursing and dental hygiene curricula. A quasi-experimental mixed-methods study was conducted with accelerated bachelor of nursing and dental hygiene students following a presentation and small-group case review. Pre/post surveys and findings from a debriefing session showed increased confidence to screen, counsel, and refer patients between disciplines compared to a control group.

Background Periodontal disease and diabetes are widespread comorbid conditions that are detrimental to oral and overall health. Dentists' performing chairside screenings for undiagnosed diabetes mellitus (UDM) can be beneficial to both patients and providers. The authors determined UDM rates in a population-based study and whether UDM and periodontal disease were independently associated. Methods Data from 7,343 participants in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study visit 4 were used to determine rates of UDM by periodontal status, edentulism, and body mass index. The authors used a χ2 test or analysis of variance, along with a 2-stage logistic regression model, to determine relationships with UDM. UDM was defined as no self-reported diabetes and blood glucose levels (fasting glucose ≥ 126 milligrams/deciliter or nonfasting glucose > 200 mg/dL). Periodontal disease was defined using the Periodontal Profile Classes system adapted to stages and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and American Academy of Periodontology index. Results UDM rates overall were 5.6%. The highest rates occurred in patients who were obese and edentulous (12.6%) and obese and had severe periodontal disease (12.2%). Significant associations were found for UDM and severe periodontal disease (Periodontal Profile Classes system stage IV) (odds ratio, 1.78; 95% confidence interval, 1.10 to 2.88). Edentulism was significantly associated with UDM in the Periodontal Profile Classes system model (odds ratio, 1.87; 95% confidence interval, 1.27 to 2.75) and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and American Academy of Periodontology index (odds ratio, 1.70; 95% confidence interval, 1.08 to 2.67). Hyperglycemia was found in participants of all body mass index categories. Conclusions UDM is significantly associated with obesity, edentulism, and periodontitis. These characteristics could help dentists identify patients at higher risk of developing DM. Patients without these characteristics still have UDM, so dentists performing chairside diabetes screening for all patients would yield additional benefit. Practical Implications Dental offices are a major point of contact within the US health care system. Diabetes screening in this setting can provide important health information with direct relevance to patient care.

This case study describes a 24-year-old woman who presents to her primary care provider with marked unilateral facial swelling that has been present for 6 months. Facial swelling is a frequently observed symptom associated with various odontogenic and nonodontogenic conditions. Appropriate diagnosis and referral are critical when patients seek care for a suspected oral pathology.

PURPOSE The Association of American Medical Colleges and American Dental Education Association have identified oral health knowledge, skills, and attitudes shared by both medical and dental professionals. Although oral health was deemed an essential competency for medical practitioners, our state struggled to ensure learners received proper training. This training deficit resulted in conducting a needs assessment and implementing an oral health interprofessional module at our schools. METHODS First-year medical students and clinical faculty were emailed surveys in 2016 to obtain baseline information. A team of faculty and students from the Schools of Medicine and Dentistry reviewed the curriculum to determine where to augment oral health content. An oral health module to teach a basic head, neck, and oral examination to first-year medical students during their patient-centered care small-group sessions was implemented and evaluated. RESULTS Only 13.6% of faculty respondents were aware of national oral health competency recommendations, and

OBJECTIVES Audiology knowledge is important for oral health professionals because patients may present with hearing loss or temporomandibular joint dysfunction with referred pain to the ear. Additionally, their occupational environment may negatively affect their own hearing. An interprofessional learning experience for dental (DDS), dental hygiene (DH), and audiology students was created to increase DDS and DH students' knowledge of the audiology profession, risks to their own hearing, and communication with hearing-impaired patients. This study's purpose was to evaluate this new educational experience. METHODS In 2018, audiology students presented information to DH and DDS students about audiology and offered optional supervised hearing screenings. DDS and DH students were surveyed to assess their self-rated knowledge level on audiology topics (e.g., audiology profession, hearing assessment, noise-induced hearing loss, and communicating with hearing impaired patients) before and after the educational sessions, as well as to evaluate their learning experience. Audiology students received didactic and hands-on instruction by DDS and DH students and faculty on performing a head and neck exam and making appropriate referrals. RESULTS The response rate was 48% (n = 57). Students' reported knowledge on all topics significantly improved (P

Changes in U.S. health care delivery systems and Commission on Dental Accreditation standards provide impetus for interprofessional education (IPE) and collaborative practice, but roadmaps for engaging dental and dental hygiene faculty to incorporate IPE in a systematic manner are limited. The purpose of this report is to describe the process for creating a strategy and gathering a variety of baseline data to use for determining objectives and metrics and the subsequent development of an IPE strategic plan at the University of North Carolina (UNC) at Chapel Hill Adams School of Dentistry (SOD). SOD IPE committee members included representation from the UNC Schools of Dentistry, Medicine, Pharmacy, and Business. A three-phase framework was developed. Phase 1 (IPE assessment) was an internal environmental scan including a 2017 faculty survey, departmental mapping of IPE activities, comparison of UNC with national results on the IPE component of the American Dental Education Association (ADEA) survey of dental school seniors (2016 graduating class), identification of faculty joint/adjunct appointments at other UNC schools, and a strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, threats (SWOT) analysis. Phase 2 (visioning) consisted of development of IPE mission, vision, and priorities. In Phase 3 (implementation), priorities were developed. Data-gathering led to a strategic plan with three objectives: 1) increase faculty engagement and recognition, 2) develop predoctoral dentistry and dental hygiene IPE curricula, and 3) develop an infrastructure that supports IPE. Specific initiatives and activities, supporting metrics, and estimated costs were developed for each objective. The framework guided a systematic, transparent, and organized process for collecting and monitoring the evidence and directing activities. A three-year strategic plan for IPE was developed in 2017, and implementation is ongoing.

The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Adams School of Dentistry is developing a transformative curriculum that prepares students to enter contemporary practice. The Advocate, Clinician, and Thinker (ACT) framework will provide the basis for developing a resilient workforce capable of meeting emerging health care needs over the next 40 years.

Introduction: Dental settings have not traditionally functioned as access points to the health care system, however they can serve patients who may not otherwise seek routine health care. Millions of Americans annually visit either a dental or primary care provider, but not always both as recommended, even though multiple health co-morbidities can manifest in and impact oral health. Offering multidisciplinary health services in a dental setting has potential to reach unserved populations. Description: Innovative partnerships between schools of dentistry, pharmacy, social work, and nursing were designed to promote integrated service delivery in the emerging workforce and the purposeful inclusion of oral health in integrated care settings. Discussion: Oral complications of systemic disease and systemic complications of oral disease impose significant burdens on populations and the public health infrastructure in terms of economic cost, disability, and mortality. Exacerbated by the lack of integrated services, intersecting social, economic, and health issues perpetuate disparities and negative health outcomes. Care is often focused on reactive rather than preventive measures therefore addressing only the acute issue instead of the underlying, causative problem(s). Conclusion: We describe steps for integrated, whole-health services and lessons learned for other academic health institutions and interprofessional settings considering integrated clinical models.

Background A virtual oral health care help line was established to provide consultation and triage for people with dental questions and concerns. Its goal during a pandemic was to keep patients from seeking unnecessary in-person care from emergency departments and urgent care clinics, especially when dental practices were closed or limited to providing essential urgent and emergency oral health care. Methods The Adams School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, developed the Carolina Dentistry Virtual Oral Health Care Helpline using a quality improvement framework with faculty and staff member feedback. The process included establishing infrastructure (phone, video, protocols, referrals, documentation), personnel (scheduling, training, calibration), and internal and external communication. The authors collected retrospective information for descriptive evaluation of the first month’s operations. Results There were 337 telephone calls answered, of which 65 (19%) were administrative and 272 (81%) were related to dental concerns. Dental pain (54%) was the most prevalent reason for calling. Triage and Providers referred 107 of 175 callers (61%) to the school’s urgent care center. Of the 79 callers who received teleconsultations from virtual providers, 33 (42%) did not require additional follow-up, and 7 (9%) needed a follow-up phone call. Overall, 4 people were referred to community clinics, and 4 were referred to the emergency department. Conclusions The Helpline was launched quickly and improved through quality improvement cycles, and it provided a needed community dental service. The process resolved some patient concerns without their seeking urgent or emergency care. Practical Implications The pandemic has increased teledentistry practice. The authors describe establishing a dental school’s virtual oral health Helpline, which provides a framework for dental practices seeking to use this patient communication modality.

A virtual oral health care help line was established to provide consultation and triage for people with dental questions and concerns. Its goal during a pandemic was to keep patients from seeking unnecessary in-person care from emergency departments and urgent care clinics, especially when dental practices were closed or limited to providing essential urgent and emergency oral health care.The Adams School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, developed the Carolina Dentistry Virtual Oral Health Care Helpline using a quality improvement framework with faculty and staff member feedback. The process included establishing infrastructure (phone, video, protocols, referrals, documentation), personnel (scheduling, training, calibration), and internal and external communication. The authors collected retrospective information for descriptive evaluation of the first month's operations.There were 337 telephone calls answered, of which 65 (19%) were administrative and 272 (81%) were related to dental concerns. Dental pain (54%) was the most prevalent reason for calling. Triage and Providers referred 107 of 175 callers (61%) to the school's urgent care center. Of the 79 callers who received teleconsultations from virtual providers, 33 (42%) did not require additional follow-up, and 7 (9%) needed a follow-up phone call. Overall, 4 people were referred to community clinics, and 4 were referred to the emergency department.The Helpline was launched quickly and improved through quality improvement cycles, and it provided a needed community dental service. The process resolved some patient concerns without their seeking urgent or emergency care.The pandemic has increased teledentistry practice. The authors describe establishing a dental school's virtual oral health Helpline, which provides a framework for dental practices seeking to use this patient communication modality.

Coagulation disorders account for a high incidence of death in the U.S. due to stroke, myocardial infarction, and venous thromboembolism. In the past few years, numerous agents have been brought to market for the treatment of thromboembolism or prevention of thromboembolism. Similar to warfarin, these agents can cause bleeding disorders, which may exacerbate dental care treatment plans. This literature review examines the newer agents for the treatment of thromboembolism disorders, common side effects and drug interactions, the specific medical conditions each agent treats, and the dental perspective on how to medically management patients prescribed these medications.

The oral cavity is frequently involved in conditions that affect the skin or other multi-organ diseases. In many instances, oral involvement precedes the appearance of other symptoms or lesions at other locations. Anatomically, the mouth is easily accessible. An astute dental provider has the opportunity to observe physical and oral conditions that might include undiagnosed or poorly managed systemic disease. This article reviews four less common oral disease of medical significance.

Background: The elderly, especially those who reside in institutions and have a minority or low-income background, often have unmet oral health needs. As life expectancy increases, so will the need for oral health providers skilled in addressing the unique challenges presented by geriatric patients. Methods: Dentists for Della is a student organization at the Dental College of Georgia that aims to improve the oral health status of residents at the Georgia War Veterans Nursing Home (GWVNH) in Augusta, Georgia. The students conduct fundraising activities so that third and fourth year students can provide needed dental treatment at no cost to the residents. Students also regularly rotate at GWVNH in order to provide tooth brushing help, denture cleanings, and head and neck examinations, including oral cancer screenings. Results: Dentists for Della has funded approximately $40,000 worth of dental work since 2013. The program also provides an educational experience valued by students: the ability to interact with patients as early as their first semester of dental school. Conclusions: Dentists for Della is a vital program which not only provides educational opportunities in institutional public health dentistry and geriatrics for dental students, it also provides a much needed safety net for Georgia veterans with no ability to access other means of dental care.

Oral lichen planus (OLP) is commonly found in middle-aged women. Although the cause is unknown, research points to several complex immunologic events and cells that are responsible for the inflammatory destruction and chronicity of these lesions. Biopsy for histologic diagnosis is recommended. The mainstay of treatment remains topical corticosteroids; however, newer therapies such as immunomodulating agents are available for recalcitrant lesions. In cases of lichenoid mucositis or reactions, treatment should be directed at identifying and removing the presumed cause. Given the apparent risk of squamous cell carcinoma in these patients, frequent follow-up and repeat biopsy are vital.

Schools of medicine and dentistry on the same geographical campus have an opportunity to promote oral health by training physicians to become more skilled in screening for oral disease in addition to counseling and referring patients to dental health professionals.

Burning mouth syndrome (BMS) is a chronic condition that is characterized by burning symptoms of the oral mucosa without obvious clinical examination findings. This syndrome has complex characteristics, but its cause remains largely enigmatic, making treatment and management of patients with BMS difficult. Despite not being accompanied by evident organic changes, BMS can significantly reduce the quality of life for such patients. Therefore, it is incumbent on dental professionals to diagnose and manage patients with BMS as a part of comprehensive care.

Coagulation disorders account for a high incidence of death in the U.S. due to stroke, myocardial infarction, and venous thromboembolism. In the past few years, numerous agents have been brought to market for the treatment of thromboembolism or prevention of thromboembolism. Similar to warfarin, these agents can cause bleeding disorders, which may exacerbate dental care treatment plans. This literature review examines the newer agents for the treatment of thromboembolism disorders, common side effects and drug interactions, the specific medical conditions each agent treats, and the dental perspective on how to medically management patients prescribed these medications.

A general dentist referred a 69-year-old woman to an otolaryngologist for evaluation and management of multiple painful oral ulcerations that had been present for seven months. The patient’s symptoms began with mild but increasing burning of the oral cavity, which developed into discrete ulcerations of the tongue and buccal mucosa. The otolaryngologist performed a tongue biopsy. According to the patient, the biopsy results were benign and she was treated with systemic antiviral therapy without relief. She was referred to another otolaryngologist at the quaternary care medical center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, where she received prescriptions for both an antifungal and an anesthetic mouthrinse, with minimal resolution of the lesions. The otolaryngologist then referred her to our office for evaluation by one of us (S.S.D.). The patient’s medical history was significant for hypertension and severe asthma. She was treated with antihypertensive medications including enalapril and furosemide, systemic prednisone (7.5 milligrams per day) and both corticosteroid and β-agonist inhalers in combination with montelukast, a leukotriene inhibitor. She had been admitted to the hospital several times because of her asthma, with the most recent hospitalization 18 months before her initial evaluation in our office. The review of systems was significant only for pulmonary symptoms related to asthma (that is, shortness of breath, coughing, wheezing) and her complaint of oral sores. The clinical examination revealed no cervical lymphadenopathy, no lesions on exposed skin and no conjunctival erythema. An oral soft-tissue examination revealed a 1-centimeter, ovoid, shal low ulceration on the left buccal mucosa, areas of which were surrounded by erythema and white keratosis. The patient’s tongue was papillated normally, and an irregularly shaped deep ulceration with indurated and hyperplastic margins was located on the middorsum (Figures 1 and 2).

Human papillomavirus (HPV) has become widely known as the causative agent of cervical cancer and some oropharyngeal cancers. The development of HPV vaccines has further piqued public interest. As a result, dentists will have increasing numbers of patients who will inquire about oral HPV infection and its prevention by means of vaccination. Dental professionals must be informed. This review provides an overview of HPV, its association with HIV and oropharyngeal cancer, and information on HPV vaccinations.