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Los Gridshells han sido de interes para los entusiastas de la construccion ligera desde hace mucho tiempo. Aunque los ejemplos mas conocidos se remontan a la decada de 1960; desarrollar gridshells requiere recursos matematicos, tecnicos y materiales. Estos requisitos limitan el desarrollo de gridshells a edificios especiales y su diseno a especialistas, lo que requiere un tiempo y recursos considerables para construirlos. Los procesos digitales de diseno, fabricacion y montaje ofrecen posibilidades renovadas para afrontar estas dificultades y profundizar la interaccion entre forma, material y rendimiento estructural. Este articulo documenta una experiencia docente en un proyecto conjunto de arquitectura e ingenieria en gridshells, dirigido a principiantes, considerando el comportamiento estructural desde las primeras etapas de diseno. La investigacion se incluye con una investigacion mas amplia de gridshells que busca integrar gradualmente el conocimiento formal e informal sobre la busqueda de formas, incluida la investigacion empirica y teorica. La experiencia didactica se enmarca en una serie de construcciones empiricas que estamos desarrollando, contribuyendo al debate colectivo sobre como expandir la construccion de gridshells.

Cold formed steel members are widely applied in light roofing systems, mainly with trussed structural solutions. Developed from thin steel sheets (usually of around one millimeter thickness) stiffened trapezoidal CFS can be considered as an alternative for large span roofing, allowing the assembling of an orthotropic roofing system. In order to improve its flexural buckling behavior, these thin-walled sections must be designed with intermediate stiffeners and quite large possibilities can be achieved in order to (i) improve the cross-section strength under bending moment, (ii) simplify and improve the stiffeners arrangement, (iii) maximize the roof covering width, (iv) develop the roofing system for long span bridging and (v) design with as thin as possible steel sheets. Considering all these conditions, the general cross-section shape can be infinitively modified adopting different stiffener geometries, dimensions, distribution, as well as combining distinct stiffeners along the cross-section. Rational systematic choices and buckling results allowed identifying the “best” solutions, taking advantage of the shape grammar contribution combined with finite strip method buckling analysis. The obtained results revealed the key geometric parameters that must be considered to perform effective improvement of roofing trapezoidal CFS.

The current work presents an original parameterized wood frame system, a computational simulation of its structural performance and preliminary results of its digital fabrication and assemblage process. The project follows the concept of integration between CAD, CAE and CAM systems, aiming at the automation of the processes that make mass customization of social housing in Brazil practicable.

This paper formalizes the domain of all and only manufacturable open cold-formed steel (CFS) profiles aimed at improving their strength capability in the development of new products. A Genetic Algorithm is applied over this domain to get a set of best solutions from structural and constructive viewpoints. A basic review is carried out with regard to (i) Shape Grammar, (ii) Finite Strip Method-based elastic buckling analysis, (iii) Direct Strength Method-based structural strength computation and (iv) modified procedure of the Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm. CFS-manufacturing is defined as a language and its general grammar is presented. This grammar-based model responds to requisites of descriptive power, simplicity of implementation, and customization to specific needs. The CFS grammar has been implemented using scripting languages available in pre-existing CAD and CAE applications. Implementation includes generation, visualization, analysis and improvement capabilities. Results show that innovative shapes with improved strength could be generated from the finite set of allowable manufacturing grammar rules encoded by the grammar.

Este artigo descreve uma disciplina de ateliê do 9º semestre do curso de Arquitetura e Urbanismo da Universidade Estadual de Campinas – Unicamp – em que foi adotada uma estratégia de projeto paramétrico e baseado em desempenho para o desenvolvimento de edifícios altos. A disciplina envolveu o uso de programas de análise ambiental e estrutural, além da modelagem paramétrica e algorítmica como maneira de incorporar os resultados dessas análises à geração da forma, com base no desempenho. Além disso, a disciplina fez um uso intensivo de equipamentos de fabricação digital para a produção de maquetes. Os resultados obtidos demonstram a importância da presença de uma equipe interdisciplinar de instrutores no ateliê de projeto, além da viabilidade de se reproduzir, ainda que de maneira simplificada, o processo de projeto integrado, com o uso de tecnologias CAD/CAE/CAM, que vem se tornando cada vez mais presente nos escritórios de arquitetura.

O processo de projeto de arquitetura, engenharia e construção (AEC) tem evoluído consideravelmente com a finalidade de responder à complexidade dos sistemas interconectados de um edifício (TOULOUPAKI e THEODOSIOU, 2017). Vêm sendo solicitados à arquitetura contemporânea, processos de projeto capazes de quantificar e qualificar o maior número de variáveis presentes nos sistemas de um edifício, com a intenção de balancear suas dinâmicas e inter-relações (SHI e YANG 2013). A presente pesquisa utiliza o processo de projeto orientado ao desempenho como condutor de sua investigação. Os projetos e pesquisas que exploram o desempenho através da otimização de projetos em AEC são predominantemente internacionais. Além desse aspecto, grande parte dos processos e seus conjuntos de procedimentos não são publicados, especialmente os métodos para gerar os algoritmos utilizados. Muitas destas não detalham, tampouco disponibilizam suas implementações. Tal condição impossibilita conclusões seguras sobre as características das otimizações produzidas, dificulta a reprodução dos métodos e desampara discussões sobre soluções alternativas. Desta maneira, torna-se reduzida a reflexão na arquitetura sobre quais métodos são mais apropriados para a otimização de determinados problemas do projeto arquitetônico (WORTMANN et al., 2015). Neste contexto, a presente pesquisa estrutura-se na metodologia Design Science (SIMON, 1996), dada sua natureza de produção de conhecimento através da abordagem pragmática e interdisciplinar, envolvendo conteúdo da arquitetura e da ciência da computação. Pode-se por fim afirmar que com o apoio da metodologia empregada na presente pesquisa, desde a revisão bibliográfica ao plug-in ArchOptimum desenvolvido nos experimentos realizados, obteve-se resultados que colaboram com a compreensão e abertura dos potenciais da associação entre a arquitetura e a ciência da computação através do design computacional. The architecture, engineering, and construction (AEC) design process has evolved considerably in order to respond to the complexity of the interconnected building systems (TOULOUPAKI and THEODOSIOU, 2017). In contemporary architecture, computational design processes are capable of quantifying and qualifying better variables present in the building, balancing their dynamics and interrelationships (SHI and YANG 2013). This research uses the process of Performance-oriented Architectural Design as the driver of its investigation. Research and projects in AEC that explore performance through optimization are predominantly international. In addition, most of the processes and their sets of procedures are not published, especially the methods to generate the algorithms used. Many of these do not detail and make their implementations available. This makes it impossible to secure conclusions about the characteristics of the optimizations produced, makes it difficult to reproduce the methods, and disregards discussions about alternative solutions. These facts reduce the reflection on which methods are more appropriate for the optimization of specific problems of the architectural design (WORTMANN et al., 2015). In this context, the present research is structured in the Design Science methodology (SIMON, 1996), given its nature of knowledge production through the pragmatic and interdisciplinary approach, involving the content of architecture and computer science. Finally, it is possible to state that with the support of the methodology used in the present research, from the bibliographic review to the ArchOptimum plug-in developed in the experiments, we obtained results that collaborate with the understanding and opening the potencies of the association between architecture and computer science through Computational Design.

The following paper describes the process and results achieved with the workshop entitled ‘Re-inventing Portuguese ceramic tiles’ reflecting on design methodology and design teaching. Workshop participants were invited to rethink ceramic tile patterns developing a different process which used shape grammars as a generative system. Each participant group developed a three stage task using shape grammars principles and methodology. The preliminary results the work developed are of particular relevance in shape grammar research: firstly shape grammar formulae does not constitute an intuitive process to most creative designers which are often trained to design singular solutions for a specific problem, secondly more than one operative shape grammar can be formulated to represent the same corpus of solutions and lastly the generative potential of grammars transcends the normal capacities of the original grammarist aiding in design exploration and enlarging the corpus of feasible solutions. This paper also reflects on the impact of shape grammars as a design methodology. info:eu-repo/semantics/submittedVersion