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Objective: Recently, we found that the reactive astrocytes in the IDH wild type glioblastoma contribute to anti-tumor immunity and support pro-oncogenic signaling. Here, we characterized the transcriptomic signature of IDH1/2-mutant glioma associated astrocytes and determined a unique inflammatory [for full text, please go to the a.m. URL]

Objective: Novel insights into the developmental trajectory exhibited by glioblastoma (GBM) have revealed that GBM responds to alterations in the microenvironment by clonal selection of specific phenotypes. Using similar mechanisms, malignant GBM develop intrinsic resistance to chemotherapeutics. Although [for full text, please go to the a.m. URL]

Objective: Recently, we demonstrated that JAK/STAT-inhibition causes a “cold” into “hot” conversion of the immune environment of glioblastoma. Here, we explored transcriptional programs of tumor-associated T cells and potential targets to reverse the major group of dysfunctional [for full text, please go to the a.m. URL]

Objective: High-dimensional technologies have provided insights into transcriptional heterogeneity and dynamic plasticity which are hallmarks of brain tumors. Although scRNA-seq recovers the diversity of transcriptional states, their spatial context within the neuronal environment has remained unexplored. [for full text, please go to the a.m. URL]

Objective: Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common primary malignant tumor in central nervous system, with median post-diagnosis survival of

Tujuan dilakukannya penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengaturan kewenangan Mahkamah Konstitusi dalam memutus sengketa kewenangan antar Lembaga Negara dan bagaimana kekuatan putusan final Mahkamah Konstitusi dalam memutus sengketa kewenangan antar Lembaga negara. Dengan menggunakan metode penelitian yuridis normatif, disimpulkan: 1. Sebagai sebuah lembaga peradilan, Mahkamah Konstitusi (MK) memiliki peran strategis dalam mengawal dan menjamin terlaksananya prinsip-prinsip dan norma yang terkandung dalam konstitusi sebagai norma tertinggi penyelenggaraan hidup bernegara (the supreme law of the land). Karena itu, Mahkamah Konstitusi disebut juga sebagai (the guardian of the constitution). 2. Putusan Final Mahkamah Konstitusi sejak diucapkan di hadapan sidang yang terbuka untuk umum dapat mempunyai tiga kekuatan, yaitu Kekuatan Mengikat, Kekuatan Pembuktian, dan Kekuatan Eksekutorial, walaupun tidak ada Lembaga Eksekutorial khusus untuk mengeksekusi putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi tersebut, karena itu wajib dimuat dalam Berita Negara dalam jangka waktu paling lambat 30 (tiga puluh) hari kerja sejak putusan diucapkan agar suatu putusan yang menyatakan tentang ketiadaan suatu keadaan hukum dan/atau menciptakan satu keadaan hukum yang baru dapat dilaksanakan.Kata kunci: Kewenangan, Mahkamah Konstitusi, Memutus Sengketa, Lembaga Negara

Objective: Owing to recent advances in understanding of the active functional states exhibited within glioblastoma (GBM), intra-tumoral cellular signaling has moved into focus of neuro-oncological research. In our study, we aim to explore the spatial and temporal diversity of transcellular signaling[for full text, please go to the a.m. URL], 72. Jahrestagung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Neurochirurgie (DGNC), Joint Meeting mit der Polnischen Gesellschaft für Neurochirurgie

Objective: Microglia are immunocompetent cells of the central nervous system (CNS). Uncovering the role of microglia under pathologic conditions is of high importance. Chlodronate Disodium is commonly used to deplete microglia in the neural microenvironment; however, it is still unclear whether the [for full text, please go to the a.m. URL], 72. Jahrestagung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Neurochirurgie (DGNC), Joint Meeting mit der Polnischen Gesellschaft für Neurochirurgie

This thesis proposes a novel approach for indoor scene illumination modeling and augmented reality rendering. Our key observation is that an indoor scene is well represented by a set of rectangular spaces, where important illuminants reside on their boundary faces, such as a window on a wall or a ceiling light. Given a perspective image or a panorama and detected rectangular spaces as inputs, we estimate their cuboid shapes, and infer illumination components for each face of the cuboids by a simple convolutional neural architecture. The process turns an image into a set of cuboid environment maps, each of which is a simple extension of a traditional cube-map. For augmented reality rendering, we simply take a linear combination of inferred environment maps and an input image, producing surprisingly realistic illumination effects. This approach is simple and efficient, avoids flickering, and achieves quantitatively more accurate and qualitatively more realistic effects than competing substantially more complicated systems.

Recreational fishing is increasingly recognised as an important source of mortality for marine fish populations. In the United States, estimates of marine recreational catch and effort were recently revised for the time period 1981 and beyond, and for many species, the revised estimates were substantially higher than the original values. Here, the proportion of total landings that came from the recreational sector in the Southeast US Atlantic was quantified. The proportions for 22 oceanic species and for all species combined were computed, using a full time series of landings (1981–2016) and a more recent time series (1999–2016). For the full and recent time series, landings of most species (15/22 and 17/22, respectively) were dominated by the recreational sector. For all species combined, 71% of landings in the full time series were from the recreational sector, and 76% in the recent time series. Trend analysis indicated that most species had a stable or increasing proportion of landings from the recreational sector. In addition, stock assessments were conducted on four species, and the catch revisions increased the estimated scale of abundance and, in some cases, affected stock or fishery status. This work underscores the importance of recreational fishing for marine resource management.

Ketamine is a widely accessible and valuable drug that has been used in anesthesia since the 1960s after its discovery. Purpose of Project. Research has supported its usage for improved patient outcomes, however, there is a gap in the research and clinical practice as many anesthesia providers shy away from ketamine in favor of other agents. Methodology. This project utilized a state nurse anesthesia professional association to perform a gap analysis as to why clinicians shy away from ketamine usage. Results. The results of the gap analysis were analyzed to create a ketamine toolkit and presentation to bridge this research to practice gap. A total of 137 members responded to the gap analysis survey with several relationships being seen from the data that was collected. There was a strong relationship seen between the number of years in practice and the comfort and knowledge in providers with a p = .001. Another strong relationship was seen between the comfort and knowledge of ketamine and the frequency of its use p

Objective: Since inhibition of a syncytial intercellular communication via gap junctions has been shown to sensitize glioblastoma cells to temozolomide-mediated antitumoral effects, the idea of gap junction-targeted therapies has been proposed as a promising novel therapeutic strategy within translational[for full text, please go to the a.m. URL], 71. Jahrestagung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Neurochirurgie (DGNC), 9. Joint Meeting mit der Japanischen Gesellschaft für Neurochirurgie

Objective: Over the past several decades, therapies to combat malignant glioma that appeared promising in mice models have failed during clinical trials amongst others due to the differences encountered during translation of research from model organisms to humans. To partially mitigate these difficulties[for full text, please go to the a.m. URL], 71. Jahrestagung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Neurochirurgie (DGNC), 9. Joint Meeting mit der Japanischen Gesellschaft für Neurochirurgie

This study examines the differences among students in terms of self-reported leadership characteristics. It was conducted among all three programs and four generations of undergraduates at RIT Croatia. The goal of this study is to determine the differences among students who report being more and less leadership prone (Potential Future Leaders and Followers, respectively) with regard to demographic characteristics, reported self reliance socialization pattern, college level and program choice, career focus attainment and development, and reported attitudes regarding the importance of specific personality traits in leadership, the importance of specific career development factors and success indicators. Research showed that generation and college program are not related to student reported leadership proneness, suggesting that college education’s impact on leadership traits is not significant. Only one socio-demographic factor considered was significantly different between clusters; namely, the respondents who had moved once were significantly more represented in the Potential Future Leaders cluster, suggesting that study-abroad programs might play a role in leadership development. In terms of ranking career development factors, success indicators, the importance of emotional stability and openness to experience as a specific leadership trait, Potential Future Leaders reported higher scores in comparison with Followers cluster, potentially resulting from their forwardlooking, goal-oriented attitude.

Neural probes provide many options for neuroscientific research and medical purposes. However, these implantable micro devices are not functionally stable over time due to host-probe interactions. Thus, reliable high-resolution characterization methods are required to understand local tissue changes upon implantation. In this work, synchrotron X-ray tomography is employed for the first time to image the interface between brain tissue and an implanted neural probe, showing that this 3D imaging method is capable of resolving probe and surrounding tissue at a resolution of about 1 micrometer. Unstained tissue provides sufficient contrast to identify electrode sites on the probe, cells, and blood vessels within tomograms. Exemplarily, we show that it is possible to quantify characteristics of the interaction region between probe and tissue, like the blood supply system. Our first-time study demonstrates a way for simultaneous 3D investigation of brain tissue with implanted probe, providing information beyond what was hitherto possible.

This thesis seeks to investigate ekphrasis as a mode of description and as a rhetorical strategy that produces literary affect. In particular, it considers the Romantic poet John Keats's ekphrastic works to argue that he employs visual strategies of obscurity, which are rooted in Edmund Burke's concept of the Sublime, in order to register the formation of Poetic Consciousness. These visual strategies are observed in literal obscurity, which is expressed in shadows as a poetic conceit; they are also demonstrated in what this thesis terms notional or poetic obscurity, which involves mental abstractions that engage the imagination by challenging it to contain seemingly contrary and impossible images. Additionally, this thesis draws aesthetic parallels in William Henry Fox Talbot's phototextual prototype The Pencil of Nature (1844) in order to not only illustrate these rhetorical strategies but also to reinforce early photography's response to and involvement in Romanticism, as suggested by Sofia Hofkosh. Finally, this thesis charts connections between ekphrastic poetry and photography via a motivation to address mortality, and how death not only epitomizes obscurity as the ultimate unknown, but also serves as a prime catalyst for the genesis of selfhood.

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The main goal of this empirical research was to define those predominant leadership characteristics and behaviours found among all four generations of undergraduates at RIT Croatia's Dubrovnik campus. The basic research question was: What is the empirical basis for classifying students into homogeneous groups? The first part of the questionnaire was based on The Big Five Model of Personality characteristics, but the principal research method was the leadership characteristics, career development, and personal success questionnaire created by applying inductive research methodologies to 100 Croatian leaders’ interviews. In order to answer the research question, four cluster analyses were conducted. The null hypothesis that there is not a correlation between leadership characteristics among an undergraduate population and demographic variables (number of siblings, place of growing up - city, small place, and large city) was accepted. Based on The Big Five Model of Personality the first cluster analysis generated threehomogenous groups of students. The basis for the second cluster analysis was leadership characteristics of RIT Croatia students. The third cluster analysis depended on what represents confirmation of personal success. The final, fourth, cluster analysis was based on the subjective dimension of career development expectation. All four cluster analyses produced three distinct clusters., Glavni cilj ovog empirijskog istraživanja bio je utvrditi prevladavajuće osobine vođe i ponašanja kod sve četiri generacije studenata preddiplomskog studija na američkom koledžu RIT Croatia u Dubrovniku. Osnovno istraživačko pitanje bilo je: „Koja je empirijska osnova za razvrstavanje učenika u homogene skupine?“ Prvi dio upitnika temelji se na značajkama Big Five modela osobnosti, ali glavna metoda istraživanja bio je upitnik za istraživanje osobina vođe, razvoja karijere i osobnog uspjeha, sastavljen primjenom induktivnih metodologija istraživanja na 100 intervjua hrvatskih vođa. Da bismo odgovorili na postavljeno istraživačko pitanje, provedene su četiri klaster analize. Nulta hipoteza da nema povezanosti između osobina vođe među studentima preddiplomskog studija i demografskih varijabli (broj braće i sestara, mjesto odrastanja - grad, malo mjesto i veliki grad) potvrđena je. Temeljeći se na Big Five modelu osobnosti, prva klasterska analiza pokazala je tri homogene skupine studenata. Osnova za drugu analizu klastera bila je osobine vođe studenata RIT Croatia. Treća klaster analiza ovisila je o tome što predstavlja potvrdu osobnog uspjeha. Konačna, četvrta klaster analiza temeljila se na subjektivnoj dimenziji očekivanja razvoja karijere. Sve četiri klaster analize rezultirale su trima različitim klasterima.

The main goal of this empirical research was to define those predominant leadership characteristics and behaviors found among all four generations of undergraduates at RIT Croatia's Dubrovnik campus. The basic research question was: What is the empirical basis for classifying students into homogeneous groups? The first part of the questionnaire was based on The Big Five Model of Personality characteristics, but the principal research method was the leadership characteristics, career development, and personal success questionnaire created by applying inductive research methodologies to 100 Croatian leaders’ interviews (Samardžija, 2013). In order to answer the research question, four cluster analyses were conducted. The null hypothesis that there is not a correlation between leadership characteristics among an undergraduate population and demographic variables (number of siblings, place of growing up - city, small place, and large city) was accepted. Based on The Big Five Model of Personality the first cluster analysis generated three homogenous groups of students. The basis for the second cluster analysis was leadership characteristics of RIT Croatia students. The Third cluster analysis depended on what represents confirmation of personal success. The final, fourth, cluster analysis was based on the subjective dimension of career development expectation. All four cluster analyses produced three distinct clusters.