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1. The Winchcombe meteorite, a unique and pristine witness from the outer solar system

Author

King, Ashley J, Daly, Luke, Rowe, James, Joy, Katherine H, Greenwood, Richard C, Devillepoix, Hadrien AR, Suttle, Martin D, Chan, Queenie HS, Russell, Sara S, Bates, Helena C, Bryson, James FJ, Clay, Patricia L, Vida, Denis, Lee, Martin R, O'Brien, Áine, Hallis, Lydia J, Stephen, Natasha R, Tartèse, Romain, Sansom, Eleanor K, Towner, Martin C, Cupak, Martin, Shober, Patrick M, Bland, Phil A, Findlay, Ross, Franchi, Ian A, Verchovsky, Alexander B, Abernethy, Feargus AJ, Grady, Monica M, Floyd, Cameron J, Van Ginneken, Matthias, Bridges, John, Hicks, Leon J, Jones, Rhian H, Mitchell, Jennifer T, Genge, Matthew J, Jenkins, Laura, Martin, Pierre-Etienne, Sephton, Mark A, Watson, Jonathan S, Salge, Tobias, Shirley, Katherine A, Curtis, Rowan J, Warren, Tristram J, Bowles, Neil E, Stuart, Finlay M, Di Nicola, Luigia, Györe, Domokos, Boyce, Adrian J, Shaw, Kathryn MM, Elliott, Tim, Steele, Robert CJ, Povinec, Pavel, Laubenstein, Matthias, Sanderson, David, Cresswell, Alan, Jull, Anthony JT, Sýkora, Ivan, Sridhar, Sanjana, Harrison, Richard J, Willcocks, Francesca M, Harrison, Catherine S, Hallatt, Daniel, Wozniakiewicz, Penny J, Burchell, Mark J, Alesbrook, Luke S, Dignam, Aishling, Almeida, Natasha V, Smith, Caroline L, Clark, Brett, Humphreys-Williams, Emma R, Schofield, Paul F, Cornwell, Luke T, Spathis, Vassilia, Morgan, Geraint H, Perkins, Mark J, Kacerek, Richard, Campbell-Burns, Peter, Colas, Francois, Zanda, Brigitte, Vernazza, Pierre, Bouley, Sylvain, Jeanne, Simon, Hankey, Mike, Collins, Gareth S, Young, John S, Shaw, Clive, Horak, Jana, Jones, Dave, James, Nick, Bosley, Steve, Shuttleworth, Alan, Dickinson, Paul, McMullan, Ian, Robson, Derek, Smedley, Andrew RD, Stanley, Ben, Bassom, Richard, McIntyre, Mark, Suttle, Adam A, Fleet, Richard, Bastiaens, Luc, Ihász, Míra B, McMullan, Sarah, Boazman, Sarah J, Dickeson, Zach I, Grindrod, Peter M, Pickersgill, Annemarie E, Weir, Colin J, Suttle, Fiona M, Farrelly, Sarah, Spencer, Ieun, Naqvi, Sheeraz, Mayne, Ben, Skilton, Dan, Kirk, Dan, Mounsey, Ann, Mounsey, Sally E, Mounsey, Sarah, Godfrey, Pamela, Bond, Lachlan, Bond, Victoria, Wilcock, Cathryn, Wilcock, Hannah, Wilcock, Rob, King, Ashley J [0000-0001-6113-5417], Daly, Luke [0000-0002-7150-4092], Joy, Katherine H [0000-0003-4992-8750], Greenwood, Richard C [0000-0002-5544-8027], Devillepoix, Hadrien AR [0000-0001-9226-1870], Suttle, Martin D [0000-0001-7165-2215], Chan, Queenie HS [0000-0001-7205-8699], Russell, Sara S [0000-0001-5531-7847], Bates, Helena C [0000-0002-0469-9483], Bryson, James FJ [0000-0002-5675-8545], Vida, Denis [0000-0003-4166-8704], Lee, Martin R [0000-0002-6004-3622], O'Brien, Áine [0000-0002-2591-7902], Hallis, Lydia J [0000-0001-6455-8415], Stephen, Natasha R [0000-0003-3952-922X], Tartèse, Romain [0000-0002-3490-9875], Sansom, Eleanor K [0000-0003-2702-673X], Towner, Martin C [0000-0002-8240-4150], Cupak, Martin [0000-0003-2193-0867], Shober, Patrick M [0000-0003-4766-2098], Bland, Phil A [0000-0002-4681-7898], Findlay, Ross [0000-0001-7794-1819], Franchi, Ian A [0000-0003-4151-0480], Verchovsky, Alexander B [0000-0002-3532-5003], Abernethy, Feargus AJ [0000-0001-7210-3058], Grady, Monica M [0000-0002-4055-533X], Floyd, Cameron J [0000-0001-5986-491X], Van Ginneken, Matthias [0000-0002-2508-7021], Bridges, John [0000-0002-9579-5779], Hicks, Leon J [0000-0002-2464-0948], Jones, Rhian H [0000-0001-8238-9379], Mitchell, Jennifer T [0000-0002-5922-2463], Genge, Matthew J [0000-0002-9528-5971], Jenkins, Laura [0000-0003-0886-8667], Martin, Pierre-Etienne [0000-0003-1848-9695], Sephton, Mark A [0000-0002-2190-5402], Watson, Jonathan S [0000-0003-0354-1729], Salge, Tobias [0000-0002-4414-4917], Shirley, Katherine A [0000-0003-0669-7497], Curtis, Rowan J [0000-0002-9554-3053], Warren, Tristram J [0000-0003-3877-0046], Bowles, Neil E [0000-0001-5400-1461], Stuart, Finlay M [0000-0002-6395-7868], Di Nicola, Luigia [0000-0002-7596-474X], Györe, Domokos [0000-0003-4438-8361], Boyce, Adrian J [0000-0002-9680-0787], Shaw, Kathryn MM [0000-0002-3847-9382], Elliott, Tim [0000-0002-0984-0191], Steele, Robert CJ [0000-0003-1406-6855], Povinec, Pavel [0000-0003-0275-794X], Laubenstein, Matthias [0000-0001-5390-4343], Sanderson, David [0000-0002-9615-4412], Cresswell, Alan [0000-0002-5100-8075], Jull, Anthony JT [0000-0002-4079-4947], Sýkora, Ivan [0000-0003-3447-5621], Sridhar, Sanjana [0000-0003-1179-2093], Harrison, Richard J [0000-0003-3469-762X], Willcocks, Francesca M [0000-0002-3726-0258], Hallatt, Daniel [0000-0002-4426-9891], Wozniakiewicz, Penny J [0000-0002-1441-4883], Burchell, Mark J [0000-0002-2680-8943], Alesbrook, Luke S [0000-0001-9892-281X], Dignam, Aishling [0000-0001-5408-9061], Almeida, Natasha V [0000-0003-4871-8225], Smith, Caroline L [0000-0001-7005-6470], Humphreys-Williams, Emma R [0000-0002-1397-5785], Schofield, Paul F [0000-0003-0902-0588], Cornwell, Luke T [0000-0003-1428-2160], Spathis, Vassilia [0000-0002-5745-4383], Morgan, Geraint H [0000-0002-7580-6880], Campbell-Burns, Peter [0000-0001-8544-728X], Zanda, Brigitte [0000-0002-4210-7151], Vernazza, Pierre [0000-0002-2564-6743], Bouley, Sylvain [0000-0003-0377-5517], Collins, Gareth S [0000-0002-6087-6149], Young, John S [0000-0001-6583-7643], Horak, Jana [0000-0002-0492-2235], Jones, Dave [0000-0002-7215-0521], Bosley, Steve [0000-0002-9478-8518], Dickinson, Paul [0000-0003-0078-0919], McMullan, Ian [0000-0002-5579-8115], Robson, Derek [0000-0001-7807-9853], Smedley, Andrew RD [0000-0001-7137-6628], McIntyre, Mark [0000-0002-5769-4280], Suttle, Adam A [0000-0002-6075-976X], Fleet, Richard [0000-0002-8366-7673], McMullan, Sarah [0000-0002-7194-6317], Boazman, Sarah J [0000-0003-4694-0818], Dickeson, Zach I [0000-0001-9116-2571], Grindrod, Peter M [0000-0002-0934-5131], Pickersgill, Annemarie E [0000-0001-5452-2849], Suttle, Fiona M [0000-0003-1970-0034], Wilcock, Cathryn [0000-0001-7731-2860], Wilcock, Hannah [0000-0002-1043-2267], Wilcock, Rob [0000-0001-8977-7956], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC), and University of St Andrews. School of Earth & Environmental Sciences

Subjects
MCC, QC Physics, Multidisciplinary, 5101 Astronomical Sciences, NDAS, QB Astronomy, 37 Earth Sciences, 3705 Geology, 5109 Space Sciences, 51 Physical Sciences, QC, QB
Abstract

Funding: This study was supported by urgency funding from the U.K.’s Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC) as part of the project “Curation and Preliminary Examination of the Winchcombe Carbonaceous Chondrite Fall.” Additional work was funded by STFC through grants ST/N000846/1, ST/T002328/1, ST/T506096/1, and ST/W001128/1 (to L.D., M.R.L., and L.J.Ha.); ST/V000675/1 (to K.H.J. and R.H.J.); ST/P005225/1 (to R.T.); ST/S000348/1 (to M.V.G., P.J.W., and M.J.B.); ST/R00143X/1 (to J.B. and L.J.Hi.); ST/S000615/1 (to G.S.C.); ST/V000799/1 (to P.G.); and ST/V000888/1 (to T.E.). A.J.K. and H.C.B. acknowledge funding support from UK Research and Innovation (UKRI) grant MR/T020261/1. P.L.C. acknowledges funding support from UKRI grant MR/S03465X/1. K.H.J. acknowledges funding support from the Royal Society, grant URF\R\201009. L.J.Ha. and M.R.L. acknowledge funding from Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) National Environmental Isotope Facility (NEIF) grant no. 2406.0321. L.D., M.R.L., and L.J.Ha. acknowledge COVID-19 funding support from the University of Glasgow, UK. D.V. was supported in part by NASA cooperative agreement 80NSSC21M0073. P.P. and I.Sy. acknowledge funding from the VEGA agency, project no.1/0421/20. A.J.T.J. acknowledges support from the European Union and the State of Hungary, cofinanced by the European Regional Development Fund in the project of GINOP-2.3.2-15-2016-00009 “ICER.” P.M.S. acknowledges support from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement no. 945298. FRIPON was initiated by funding from ANR (grant N.13-BS05-0009-03), carried out by the Paris Observatory, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris-Saclay University, and Institut Pythéas (LAM-CEREGE). FRIPON data are hosted and processed at Institut Pythéas SIP (Service Informatique Pythéas). The Desert Fireball Network team and Global Fireball Observatory are funded by the Australian Research Council (DP200102073). Direct links between carbonaceous chondrites and their parent bodies in the solar system are rare. The Winchcombe meteorite is the most accurately recorded carbonaceous chondrite fall. Its pre-atmospheric orbit and cosmic-ray exposure age confirm that it arrived on Earth shortly after ejection from a primitive asteroid. Recovered only hours after falling, the composition of the Winchcombe meteorite is largely unmodified by the terrestrial environment. It contains abundant hydrated silicates formed during fluid-rock reactions, and carbon- and nitrogen-bearing organic matter including soluble protein amino acids. The near-pristine hydrogen isotopic composition of the Winchcombe meteorite is comparable to the terrestrial hydrosphere, providing further evidence that volatile-rich carbonaceous asteroids played an important role in the origin of Earth's water. Publisher PDF

Published
2022
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2. Chondrule Porosity in the L4 Chondrite Saratov: Dissolution, Chemical Transport, and Fluid Flow

Author

Lewis, Jonathan A., Jones, Rhian H., and Garcea, Serafina C.

Abstract

Porosity is an important physical property of meteorites and asteroids that affects density, material strength, and thermal conductivity. Porosity can also promote chemical exchange by facilitating the transport of fluids and dissolved ions. We measured the porosity of individual chondrules from the L4 ordinary chondrite Saratov, using X-ray microtomography (μCT) and scanning electron microscopy, to examine the abundance and distribution of porosity in chondrules, and to understand how porosity relates to chemical exchange during parent body processes. Porosity was 1-2% by volume in the chondrules we measured and maximum pore sizes were ∼300 μm. Porosity distribution and morphology indicate that porosity is a secondary feature and most pores >1 μm were formed from the dissolution of chondrule mesostasis glass. Fe and K are preferentially enriched in phases adjacent to the most porous regions: Fe is enriched in pyroxene, and K is enriched in mesostasis where it is observed as either the silica alteration phase merrihueite, or fine-scale, K-feldspar exsolution in albitic feldspar. Some pores can be described as vugs, as they contain euhedral olivine and chromite, with textures indicating vapor deposition. Knowing the chondrule porosity, we estimate the matrix porosity in Saratov to be very high, 40-60%. We suggest that during prograde metamorphism, an aqueous fluid originating from the matrix dissolved chondrule mesostasis glass, producing the observed porosity, and introducing Fe into the pyroxene phenocrysts. Fluids were less abundant through peak metamorphism, and chondrule mesostasis glass crystallized to fine-grained albite. During retrograde metamorphism, high temperature, short duration bursts of a dry, alkali-bearing fluid from the asteroid interior infiltrated the pore network, formed the vug phases, altered silica to merrihueite, and introduced K to the secondary albite. Fine-scale K-feldspar then exsolved from albite during rapid cooling to the ambient temperature. Overall, development of porosity during metamorphism on the L chondrite parent body contributed to the chemical evolution of ordinary chondrite material, as well as affecting physical properties of the parent asteroid.

Published
2018
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