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The Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) (sometimes known as a ""drone"") is used in a variety of fields. Unfortunately, as they become more popular and in demand, they become more vulnerable to a variety of security threats. To combat such attacks and security threats, a proper design of a robust security and authentication system based on and stream cipher lightweight salsa20 algorithm with chaotic maps is required. By using a proposed key generation method which is based on a 1d Logistic chaotic map to produce a flight session key for a drone with a flight plan, and then records the flight session key and the drone’s flight plan in a central database that can be accessed. Finally, while the drone is flying, a GCS checks authentication of the current flight session based on the on flight session key and its flight plan as the message authentication code key to authenticate the drone by any flight session, and the drone after which uses salsa20 lightweight to cipher payload data to improve security Network Transfer of RTCM Messages over Internet Protocol Protocol (NTRIP) communication protocol and send it to GCS, and at last, a GCS verifies authentication of the current flight session based on the on flight session key and its flight plan as the message authentication code key to authenticate the drone. The proposed system is superior to other similar systems in terms of security and performance, according to the review.

Objectives: This study aimed to explore the nutritional content and quality of food parcels distributed in Lebanon and assess their adherence to dietary guidelines during the COVID-19 pandemic and an unprecedented economic crisis. Design: Cross-sectional study (June–July 2020); phone survey (thirty items). Setting: Lebanon. Participants: Food parcel providers (FPP; n 72) involved in food parcel distribution (FPD), mainly to Lebanese households. Results: FPP included international non-governmental organizations (INGO) (n 3), local non-governmental organizations (n 45) and personal initiatives (n 24). Overall, low adherence to the World Food Programme (WFP) food parcel guidelines were observed among FPP for specific food items, including vegetables, fish, legumes and cereals, whereas salt content significantly surpassed the guidelines (all P-values P-values Conclusions: Findings highlight the need to improve the nutritional content of food parcels and adherence to dietary guidelines to alleviate food and nutrition insecurity while preventing diet-related diseases among vulnerable beneficiaries in Lebanon.

Social-emotional learning (SEL) is an essential part of students’ learning journey. Teachers’ perceptions of SEL have been associated with teaching outcomes and the effectiveness of its implementation in classrooms. In Ontario, SEL is a mandated component of some curricular areas. It is important to consider teachers’ perceptions and experiences regarding SEL because a teacher who is confident in implementing SEL strategies may contribute to positive social, emotional, and academic outcomes for their students. This study explored teachers' perceptions and experiences regarding SEL before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Three elementary teachers in Ontario implementing SEL practices took part in a semi-structured interview that followed a modified version of Seidman’s (2019) three-interview protocol, and was informed by the CASEL (2021b) framework. Research findings reveal for the first time in the literature elementary teachers’ perceptions and experiences on SEL during the COVID-19 pandemic in Ontario. The benefits and barriers of teaching SEL competencies to students were discussed, as were the SEL strategies implemented by the teachers and professional development received on it. Implications for practice were also described.

The aim of this study is to identify the benefits of digital supply chain and explore the effects of these benefits of the adoption of digital supply chain. The study was conducted using data collected by a questionnaire from a sample consisting of supply chain informant employees from companies in the food industry. Three benefits were selected for the current study, which are supply chain agility, organizational performance, and supply chain risk management. The results showed that digital supply chains have numerous benefits from which these three benefits have significant positive effects on digital supply chain adoption. Therefore, it was concluded that companies’ adoption of digital supply chains depends on a bundle of benefits not only related to the supply chain itself such as supply chain agility and risk management but also incorporates the company as a whole in terms of its organizational performance. It was recommended that companies should recognize the benefits of digital supply chains and make their decisions based on the desired outcomes of DSCs.

Acute poisoning is a significant international public health issue and one of the leading causes of death in the emergency department (ED). In the absence of any previous reports describing the poisoning profile in Syria, we present this study to assess the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of poisoning over 21 years.We collected the data retrospectively from the Syrian Poisons Information Centre (SPIC) from January 1999 until December 2020. The data included patients who had accidental or non-accidental exposure to poisons, either by drugs, medicaments, and biological substances or substances chiefly nonmedicinal sources such as soaps and detergents, corrosive substances, pesticides, and other miscellaneous products.We collected the data of 120,972 poisoned patients, of whom 52.6% were females, and 47.4% were males. Aleppo governorate reported the highest number of poisoned cases (28.6%), followed by Damascus governorate (19.9%). The highest poisoning rates were recorded in 2020, 2014, and 2010. Pharmaceutical (37.0%) and animal (33.8%) sources were the most common causative agents. The oral route was the route of poisoning in 58.3% of patients, and 33.4% through the skin. The most common poison was scorpion stings 19.5% while the most common cause of death was organophosphates 15.7%.The differences in socioeconomic status, cultural habits, and agricultural and industrial activities between countries have led to a state of fluctuation regarding the most common poisoning agents.Damascus and Aleppo, the two major governorates in Syria, had the highest poisoning cases. Oral administration of pharmaceutical agents was responsible for most of the poisoning cases. The most common individual poison was the scorpion poison, while the top killer was organophosphates.

Coronary artery disease remains the most common cause of morbidity and mortality in the general population. Several studies in developed countries have reported a gender-related difference in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) in terms of risk factors, clinical presentation, delays in management, therapeutic modalities, and in-hospital as well as one-year outcomes. Data from non-developed countries about women with STEMI remain rare. We therefore aimed through this study to investigate the baseline characteristics of STEMI in Tunisian women compared to men and to determine the impact of gender difference on STEMI complications, in-hospital mortality, and one-year follow-up outcomes.All patients presenting to our center for STEMI between January 2001 and January 2021 were retrospectively enrolled in this analysis. Clinical features, therapeutic management, and in-hospital as well as one-year outcomes were compared between women and men. Predictive factors of in-hospital mortality in women were determined.Out of 1670 STEMI hospitalizations, 359 (21.4%) were female. Compared to male, female had higher rates of hypertension (51.5% vs. 24.4%, p0.001), diabetes (50.1% vs. 32.2%, p0.001), and obesity (63.8% vs. 55%, p = 0.003). The clinical presentation was characterized by less prevalent inaugural chest pain (58.8% vs. 68.6%, p0.001). Atypical symptoms were significantly higher in women compared to men (55.2% vs. 5%, p0.001). On admission, women had higher prevalence of anemia, renal failure, and hyperglycemia compared to men. Primary percutaneous coronary intervention (pPCI) was the reperfusion strategy of choice in 37.9% of women vs. 33.1% of men (p=0.02). Women were significantly less likely to receive thrombolysis (p = 0.004), with a significantly less prevalent successful thrombolysis (55.6% vs. 67.2%, p=0.013). In-hospital mortality was markedly higher in women compared to men (12.8% vs. 7.3%, p=0.001). Compared to surviving women (n = 313), those who died (n = 46) frequently had more diabetes and hypertension (65.2% vs. 47.9%, p= 0.02 and 67.4% vs. 49.2%, p = 0.02, respectively). New-onset atrial fibrillation, acute left heart failure, cardiogenic shock, ventricular tachycardia, and atrioventricular block markedly occurred in women who died (52.2% vs. 23.3%, p=0.001; 17.4% vs. 1.9%, p0.001; 19.6% vs. 8.3%, p = 0.016; 15.2% vs. 1.6%, p0.001 and 34.8% vs. 10.2%, p0.001, respectively).Compared to men, Tunisian women presenting for STEMI had higher prevalence of risk factors and atypical symptoms. Women had more in-hospital complications and mortality.

The current Study was done to show the physiological and histological defect at different doses of diclofenac sodium on heart of Rabbits twenty rabbits was divided into four groups the therapeutic group (T) , over does group1(T1), over dose group2 (T2) and control group each group was injected intraperitoniali by ( T,T1 ,T2 ) mg/kg and Distiled water, respectively for 14 days, at the fourteen day of experimental animals were sacrificed, blood sample collected and heart was fixed immediately in 10% formalin for histological preparation and obtained serum for physiological test the result was revealed , T group significant decreases in lipoproteins so as to significant of low density-lipoproteins on ( p < 0.05 ) ( VLDL-C ). on the other hands the results showed significant differences on level of creatine kinase , troponin and lactate dehydrogenase , and in T2 group significant decreases of creatine kinase ,troponin and lactate dehydrogenase on ( P < 0.05 ) compared with control group. The histological examination of T groups was revealed degeneration in muscles fibers, zonal vacuolation around the nucleus of muscle fiber the result of T2 groups showed, atrophy in muscle fibers degeneration was appear of whole section spread out at inflammatory cells in between muscle fibers and zonal vacuolation around nucleus of muscle fibers. The results obtained from T2 groups was show atherosclerosis on marginal blood vessels of heart, hemolysis of RBCs with spread out of hemocidrin out of blood vessels.

The current Study was done to show the physiological and histological defect at different doses of diclofenac sodium on livers of Rabbits. Twenty rabbits was divided into four groups the therapiutic group (T) , over does group1 (T1), over dose group2 (T2) and control group each group was injected intraperitoneally by (2 , 20 , 50 mg/km) respectively and Distilled water, respectively for 14 days, at the fourteen day of experiment all animals were sacrificed, blood sample collected and liver was fixed immediately in 10% formalin for histological preparation and obtained serum for physiological test. There was no significant difference at the level of (0.05

يعد التكرار فنّاً أساسياً, يُرد إليه عدد من الفنون البديعية, كرد العجز على الصدر, ولزوم ما لا يلزم في دراستنا, وقد حاولنا في التكرار دراستهِ على المستويات كلها, وحاولنا في دراسة رد العجز على الصدر, تأكيد الأهمية الموقعية في هذا الفن, وفي لزوم ما لا يلزم، فقد آثرنا دراسته من خلال المجموعات الشعرية للموحدين الأندلسيين, للخروج بصورة علمية وصحيحة عن هذا الفن البديعي في شعر الموحدين الأندلسيين, فتتبعنا صوره وأشكاله ومظاهره وأثره في النصوص الشعرية.

Introduction: Oral habit is common in childhood and it is proven to cause multiple adverse effects on oral and general health, while oral habits in the adult population are under looked. The prevalence of oral habits varied among different societies. The extent of these effects varies depending on a wide range of variables including the actual habit, the duration, and the intensity of the oral habit. Objectives: The primary objective is to determine the prevalence of oral habits in adults in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, and the secondary objective is awareness of different types of oral habits and their adverse effects. Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study using questionnaire through google form which will address the prevalence of 5 Oral habits in the adult population, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia such as nail biting, chewing on pens/pencils/Miswak, using the teeth as a tool, chewing ice, and teeth clenching/grinding and bruxism. Also, it will address the awareness of these 5 oral habits and their adverse effects on oral health and prevention modalities. Results: There were 220 participants. The majority were Saudi (52.7%), females (83.2%) with bachelor’s degrees (63.6%) and around fifty percent with age below 30 years old. The most prevalent pattern was using teeth as a tool (46.8%), followed by chewing ice (43.6%) and nail-biting (39.1%). All five habits were mainly started in childhood; however, a respectable percentage of beginning is still reported during adulthood, particularly for clenching/grinding/ bruxism and chewing ice, with a ratio of 36.4% and 25%, respectively. Most participants who reported clenching/grinding/ bruxism and nail-biting were related to stress (75.3%, 48.8%, respectively). The majority reported that oral habits could harm teeth (82.3%) and could be preventable (78.6%). Discussion: Most of the studies concentrate on oral habits in children while few studies had concentrated on oral habits in adults. Oral habit is not uncommon in adults, they have either to continue childhood bad habits or practice new oral habit. The adverse effect varies widely on oral and general health. Although the adult population is aware of these side effects few only seek medical advice. Conclusion: In Saudi Arabia, oral habit is not uncommon in adults. So the recommendation for the prevention of oral habits is to embed it in all public services, at strategic and operational levels.

The research aims to study and analyze the most important effects of the Covid-19 pandemic on the accounting profession in general and on measurement and accounting disclosure procedures in preparing financial reports in particular. It also aims to show the most important accounting requirements in the face of the CORONA pandemic and its impact on international financial reporting standards. In order to study the impact of the CORONA pandemic on international financial reporting standards, th e researchers took a sample of 24 banks and studied the impact of the pandemic on these banks by analysing the financial statements of this sample. In addition, to establish the hypotheses correctly, a questionnaire was used to study the impact of the pandemic more clearly on measurement and accounting disclosure procedures. The research reached a set of conclusions, the most important of which run as follows: the spread of the CORONA pandemic affects the quality of accounting information in the financial reports of economic units, including banks.

Groundwater is a strategic water resource in water-stressed regions such as the Mediterranean region. It used to meet the increasing domestic water demand and food production, maintaining ecosystem integrity and buffering climate change impacts. However, groundwater information that relies mainly on in-situ data observations remains fragmented and lacking standardization in the Mediterranean region due to the lack of systematic monitoring and data-sharing policy. PRIMA Foundation, launched in 2018 as a European Commission funding program, has targeted groundwater as a priority topic in its two first calls of 2018 and 2019. Sustain-COAST and InTheMED are two PRIMA-funded projects aiming for sustainable groundwater management in the Mediterranean region, adopting innovative but complementary approaches. Among their specific goals, Sustain-COAST and InTheMED projects have jointly developed a joint effort to collect groundwater-level data from around the Mediterranean. Over 14,000 time series of historical groundwater level data have been collected from different countries and have been harmonized into a common format. The resulting groundwater database has opened new horizons and perspectives for groundwater assessment that were previously invisible. In this contribution, we present and explore five new directions that have resulted from the groundwater database of the Mediterranean region: 1. Trend analysis and groundwater patterns clustering and their controlling drivers, 2. Regional groundwater level estimates combining different global groundwater models and regional in-situ data, 3. A methodological framework using Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) satellite data to retrieve groundwater storage changes, 4. Water policy timeline, harmonization and pathways for innovative governance, and 5. Lesson learned from “success stories” of groundwater trend reversal and their transfer capabilities. This contribution will shed light on the power of data-sharing and will call for future systemic groundwater data collection in the Mediterranean region and beyond.

This paper presents an evaluation and comparison of three state-of-the-art models for text summarization, and proposes a new digital reading interface designed for neophyte users to exploit these models, as well as automatic keyword extraction, with little or no programming experience.

N-terminal methionine excision from newly synthesized proteins, catalyzed cotranslationally by methionine aminopeptidases (METAPs), is an essential and universally conserved process that plays a key role in cell homeostasis and protein biogenesis. However, how METAPs interact with ribosomes and how their cleavage specificity is ensured is unknown. We discovered that in eukaryotes the nascent polypeptide-associated complex (NAC) controls ribosome binding of METAP1. NAC recruits METAP1 using a long, flexible tail and provides a platform for the formation of an active methionine excision complex at the ribosomal tunnel exit. This mode of interaction ensures the efficient excision of methionine from cytosolic proteins, whereas proteins targeted to the endoplasmic reticulum are spared. Our results suggest a broader mechanism for how access of protein biogenesis factors to translating ribosomes is controlled. ISSN:0036-8075 ISSN:1095-9203

Among serious investments that enhance economic growth in Tunisia is developing alternative and renewable energy resources such as sustainable workflow for Hydrogen production. Three majors steps are controlled to overcome efficient capacity : * Having good quality water input * Assembling upscaled water electrolysis * Compressed Hydrogen to transfer or storage., Sustainable Hydrogen. Last up-to-date Technology (see: Enapter AEM 2023) in Water Electrolysis (High purity for H2) Purity 99.999 % (Grade N5.0) Pressure 35 bar (Max Output).

This deliverable presents the results of implementing the High-Resolution Monitoring Approach (HRMA) strategy for the Greek and Tunisian case studies throughout the project period. This deliverable illustrates the importance of HRMA, especially in areas experiencing rapid changes where when the traditional monitoring strategies are failed to offer insightful knowledge that can guide effective groundwater management. The Greek case studies focuses on the continuity of groundwatermonitoring using different parameters as proxies for groundwater sources and mixing during the declining and recovering phases. However, the HRMA strategy used in the Tunisian case study aimed to identify the surface water-groundwater hotspots and their interacting processes. The two HRMA monitoring strategies implemented in the Greek and Tunisian case studies can serve as two typical examples of implementing the same approaches in other demo sites experiencing the same features.

While D6.1 Dissemination and Communication Plan aimed at introducing the overall engagement approach the Sustain-COAST project should follow by laying down the foundations of the Dissemination and Communication (D&C) Strategy and related action plan, the present report aims at providing the readers with a detailed overview of the concrete D&C actions taken to implement the plan since the restart of the project.The main purpose of this document is to showcase how, when, to who and through which channels the current project outputs have been disseminated thus far, also reflecting on the impact achieved through the assessment of the conducted activities. Therefore, the report first details the activities conducted to inform and raise awareness about the project to start attracting interest from the targeted stakeholders. It is the first and most important step towards the early engagement of external stakeholders in the project activities, necessary to lay down solid and sound foundations to conduct the work under the other phases, which in return should support maximising the engagement of relevant stakeholders throughout the project duration. The report then focuses on activities carried out to interact with stakeholders to obtain their feedback on the initial project results and achievements. This two-way communication will contribute greatly towards Sustain-COAST achieving all its objectives. This document also serves as an evaluation framework to report on the performance and impact of the D&C activities carried out, also reflecting best practices and lessons learnt during the execution of the project. It also provides an analysis and update of the indicators of achievement based on the ones defined in D6.1 Communication and Dissemination plan. In summary, all the planned D&C activities have been realised. The identity of the project has been built and heavily promoted via all tools and channels identified in the D&C strategy: the Sustain-COAST website, the Sustain-COAST social media accounts, Sustain-COAST newsletter, the support to Sustain-COAST events and the participation to third party events and the mass media relations.

The scope of this deliverable includes all management tasks necessary for the smooth execution of the project activities during the final period of the project. In particular, it provides the overall planning and monitoring of the consortium work and the tracking of the project deliverables of high scientific quality. The Gantt chart is also presented to monitor the progress of the milestones and deliverables throughout the project. Other activities also performed are the coordination between the involved partners, effective communication and reporting to the PRIMA authorities as well as preparation of end-term reports with support from all partners. Within this deliverable is ensured the review of the WPs findings and the communication of the results to the consortium. In addition, the scientific consistency and the continuous monitoring and evaluation process, the establishment of a quality management system based on the current practice of the project coordinator’s institution and standard operating procedures developed in other EU funded projects are also ensured. All the above were achieved through the good communication between the partners by regular monthly or annual project coordination meetings as well as the final conference. Particularly, regular monthly Zoom meetings were organized, further than the annual online or in presence coordination meetings, where the partners were discussing any issues that arose and exchanging data needed for each WP. In addition, the final conference of the project was organized as a Common International Conference with the MEDSAL PRIMA project in 27th-30th September 2022, where the final results from both projects were presented to the scientific community and stakeholders and scientific ideas and aspects were shared and exchanged among the participants. Finally, this deliverable presents the difficulties raised during the last year of the project and the one-year extension of the project duration along with the general achievements of the Sustain-COAST project on Sustain-COAST Quantified Impact and Key Performance Indicators as well as onSustain-COAST objectives.

This deliverable presents the exploitation strategy for the project and provide a holistic overview of the exploitation landscape surrounding it. It details the key exploitable results the project intellectual property rights, the individual exploitation plans, the exploitation KPI’s, the exploitation impact and the exploitation barriers.

Improving river monitoring techniques is critical given the concomitant impact of climate change, population growth, and pollution over the last years. Turbidity is one of the most significant metrics for water quality characteristics. In river basins, high turbidity values can be indicative of both organic and inorganic materials. Turbidity is often used as a proxy for transport of suspended particles and associated fluxes of hydrophobic pollutants in a wide range of hydrological conditions. However, it is demanding to estimate suspended sediment yields in rivers because of the high variability along stream of suspended sediment concentrations. Traditional methods, such as gravimetric analysis, are time-consuming, expensive, often discontinuous in space and time and influenced by human errors or instrumental limitations.Remote sensing techniques are a suitable alternative to point measurements. Satellite remote sensing allows to study the spatial and temporal variations of water status parameters, but it is limited by the spatial and temporal resolution of the satellites considered. Low range systems can help increase the resolution of the imagery used for this purpose. In particular, the use of optical cameras can significantly reduce the monitoring cost and exponentially increase the information on water bodies health and hydrological dynamics, offering a large amount of data distributed in time and space. Nonetheless, all optical sensing methods are strongly affected by many environmental constraints (light, good optical transmission, visibility, etc.), which make them currently not always suitable for regular long-term monitoring of turbidity in rivers. The main goal of the monitoring procedure identified in this work is to avoid all these constraints, by processing the camera image to use it as a real measurement data. In this work, an image processing procedure has been identified by exploiting the water surface reflectance properties to estimate water turbidity spectral indices related to red and green bands of the light visible spectrum (Miglino et al., 2022). This river monitoring system is under development in different cross sections of the Bode River, one of the best-instrumented catchments in Central Germany.managed by UFZ Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research. They gather a wide range of environmental data including a long-term time series on water quantity and quality. Preliminary results highlighted interesting similarities between the chromatic variation of the water surface captured by the RGB camera and the real data. Keywords: turbidity, sediment transport, image processing, spectral indices, remote sensing, camera, water quality assessment. References:Miglino, D., Jomaa, S., Rode, M., Isgro, F., & Manfreda, S. (2022). Monitoring Water Turbidity Using Remote Sensing Techniques. Environmental Sciences Proceedings, 21(1), 63.

South-western France has witnessed some of the most devastating extreme precipitation events that eventually lead to record-breaking severe flash flooding in the region and cause losses to human lives, urban transportation, agriculture, and infrastructure. In this study, two cases of deadly flash floods that occurred/reported in the Aude watershed in south-western France during 12-13 November 1999 and 14-15 October 2018 are studied using the WRF4.3.1 model simulations, with a particular emphasis on the model ability to capture these heavy precipitation events. We performed two simulations one with parameterized convection and one without the use of convection parameterizations for each case at gray-zone resolution (~9 km horizontal grid spacing) using the ERA5 reanalysis as the lateral boundary condition. In addition, attempts have been made to investigate the role of large-scale atmospheric circulation and atmospheric rivers in the production of these heavy precipitation events. The results from model simulations are compared quantitatively with available observations and reanalysis and found that the simulations at ~9 km gray-zone resolution capture the observed spatio-temporal distribution of precipitation characteristics during both extreme cases. The added value of gray-zone resolution simulations over driving coarse-scale ERA5 reanalysis datasets is observed in the representation of the precipitation characteristics. It has also been observed that the model simulation without the use of convection parameterization yields a reasonable and realistic representation of the precipitation characteristics during both extreme cases, and this suggests that at this “gray-zone” resolution the organized mesoscale convective systems/processes can be resolved explicitly by the model dynamics. The contribution of the large-scale atmospheric circulation and the atmospheric river (i.e., moisture transport) in the production of these flood events has also been observed.

Groundwater represents a strategic freshwater resource for multiple sectors, including drinking water, agriculture production, and ecosystem services. The Mediterranean Basin is a well-known water-scarce region that is increasingly relying on groundwater use, especially during drought periods. Many areas in the Mediterranean region are already facing water stress due to increasing demand and limited resources. Climate change is likely to exacerbate these issues, as it is expected to lead to more frequent and severe drought conditions in some areas as well as irregular rainfall in others. Due to the growing availability of data and computational processing capabilities nowadays, deep learning models are seeing an increase in popularity. In this study, we attempted to create 92 location-specific Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) models in wells spatially distributed over the Iberian Peninsula to estimate groundwater levels until the end of the century. Our models use monthly precipitation and temperature data as input variables. Specifically, we considered cumulative precipitation for 3, 6, 12, 18, 24, and 36 months to account for the recharge time lag between precipitation and groundwater changes. Once trained using historical precipitation and temperature records, the CNNs were applied to assess the influence of climate change on groundwater levels. For future climate projections, an ensemble of six combinations of distinct General Circulation Models (GCMs) and Regional Climate Models (RCMs) was considered under two Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs): the RCP4.5 and RCP8.5. Our preliminary results revealed a more consistent decline in groundwater levels in the southwest region of the Iberian Peninsula under the RCP8.5 scenario, while a general more constant groundwater level under the RCP4.5 scenario has been detected towards the end of the century. Detailed results of this study will be shared and discussed during the event.

Forest status in natural catchment is substantially important for hydrology and water quality, but it has been increasingly altered by human activities and climatic factors. Due to recent rapid changes in forest cover, there is an urgent need for hydrological water quality models which can adapt to these changing environmental conditions. The objective of this study was to analyse the impact of rapid continuous forest decline on nitrogen losses in a temperate mountain range catchment using a dynamic setting of the HYPE (HYdrological Predictions for the Environment) model. The modified model was applied to the Große Ohe catchment, Germany, which has experienced severe forest dieback (caused by bark beetle infestations) and its recovery over the last three decades. The model was validated by using also additional 25 years data from an internal gauge station (Forellenbach) and two soil measurement sites. Three scenarios, namely, no forest change, deforestation with subsequent regeneration, and deforestation without regeneration, were compared to identify key factors influencing catchment discharge and nitrogen export due to deforestation and regeneration. Results showed that the model performed well at the Große Ohe catchment scale, with Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency values of 0.77 and 0.57 for discharge and IN concentration, respectively, and percentage BIAS values of -11.6% and 0.5%, respectively, during the validation period. Similar good performances were also observed at other scales. The simulation results proved that the improved model was able to (1) well capture the timing of peak flows and the seasonal dynamics of inorganic nitrogen (IN) concentration, and more importantly, (2) reflect the first increasing and then decreasing trend of discharge and IN concentration, in accordance with the deforestation and forest regeneration, respectively. By comparing scenarios, after experienced forest dieback without regeneration, the discharge and IN concentration exports were 24.9% and 160%, respectively, greater than those of scenario without forest change. However, the discharge and IN concentration exports were only 3.63% and 39.6% greater, respectively, with the help of continuous regeneration, indicating that forest regeneration is important for restoring hydrological and water quality status in the catchment. Compared to non-change scenario, the deforestation scenario exhibited decreased annual plant uptake of 34.7%, and strong increase in annual denitrification and N mineralization suggesting that the increased nitrogen export was likely induced by the reduction in vegetation uptake and the increased availability of soil nitrogen from tree residues. Overall, the adapted mechanistic modelling under the changing catchment forest conditions can strongly support forest management in terms of water quality.

The translocon-associated protein (TRAP) complex resides in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane and interacts with the Sec translocon and the ribosome to facilitate biogenesis of secretory and membrane proteins. TRAP plays a key role in the secretion of many hormones, including insulin. Here we reveal the molecular architecture of the mammalian TRAP complex and how it engages the translating ribosome associated with Sec61 translocon on the ER membrane. The TRAP complex is anchored to the ribosome via a long tether and its position is further stabilized by a finger-like loop. This positions a cradle-like lumenal domain of TRAP below the translocon for interactions with translocated nascent chains. Our structure-guided TRAP mutations in Caenorhabditis elegans lead to growth deficits associated with increased ER stress and defects in protein hormone secretion. These findings elucidate the molecular basis of the TRAP complex in the biogenesis and translocation of proteins at the ER., Nature Structural & Molecular Biology, 30 (6), ISSN:1545-9993, ISSN:1545-9985

The document reports the Milestone M2.4, which summarizes the current monitoring strategies and networks of case studies countries (Spain, Greece, Portugal, Tunisia and Turkey) and gives insightful recommendations for implementing science-driven management based on in-situ data. Data needed for detailed groundwater assessment and management are listed. Then, a brief description of the groundwater monitoring systems by function and their assessment levels are presented. Also, the current groundwater monitoring networks of the five case study countries are reviewed. Finally, recommendations towards systematic monitoring and data sharing in the case studies and beyond for the whole MED region are listed., This project is part of the PRIMA Programme supported by the European Union's Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme under Grant Agreement No 1923.

Traditional water quality monitoring in River Systems is both labor intensive and expensive. However, in order to better understand the different phenomena occurring in river systems, it is vital to have robust data available. Satellite observations have been successful in monitoring different environmental systems, but generally, current available spatial resolutions and cloud cover in inland waters limit the monitoring of rivers. Recent developments in the use of Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS) highlighted the potential to address this gap in environmental monitoring. In this study, UAS and image processing techniques were utilized to gather an overview of the water quality variability, specific to turbidity level and pollutant transport, along the Sarno River, which is the most polluted river in Europe, and the river pollution has long been subject to disputes between many sectors. Preliminary findings highlighted the potential of image processing and allowed to identify the variability in river water quality along the main river by adopting a sampling protocol in several points of the Sarno River. While there were few observations of plastic in river banks, organic transport was mostly observed and interestingly, there is a water quality spatial mixing in the river mouth, which is difficult to observe using traditional in situ point measurements. This study only covers the initial phase of the river monitoring activities. Keywords: UAS river monitoring, sediment transport, image processing, spectral indices, remote sensing, drones, water quality assessment References: Miglino, D., Jomaa, S., Rode, M., Isgro, F., & Manfreda, S. (2022). Monitoring Water Turbidity Using Remote Sensing Techniques. Environmental Sciences Proceedings, 21(1), 63.

Turbidity is one of the most critical metrics in water quality monitoring. High turbidity in river basins can be an indicator of both organic and inorganic material presence. Improving existing river monitoring techniques is essential, given the growing presence of critical factors, such as climate change, population growth, and pollution in recent years. In this study, a real scale experiment has been conducted in Selke River within the Bode catchment in Germany. The Bode basin is one of the best-instrumented catchments in Central Germany, managed by UFZ Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research. In this experiment, the level of turbidity has been artificially increased by adding kaolin clay into the river, upstream enough from the monitored river cross-section to ensure the complete mixing between clay and water. Kaolin is usually exploited to prepare turbidity standard solutions. In addition, it is a harmless, easy to handle, and low-cost clay mineral, which is also an abundant silicate in soils and sediments. The monitoring field campaign has been conducted using different instruments, such as an optical camera, a multispectral camera mounted on fixed positions and a drone, which have been used to describe, from different points of view, the synthetic turbidity event generated. Different types of camera and installation settings have been investigated to understand the full potential of this technology for water quality monitoring. The gathered optical data was compared to the recorded turbidity of the UFZ sensors, which has been currently installed in the Selke river cross-section. The final goal of this work is to build a reliable image processing procedure for the development of a camera system that could support existing monitoring techniques and increase the temporal and spatial resolution in river monitoring. Keywords: camera, UAS, river monitoring, sediment transport, image processing, spectral indices, remote sensing, drones, water quality assessment

Successful modelling of the groundwater level variations in hydrogeological systems in complex formations considerably depends on spatial and temporal data availability and knowledge of the boundary conditions. Geostatistics plays an important role in model-related data analysis and preparation, but has specific limitations when the aquifer system is inhomogeneous. This study combines geostatistics with machine learning approaches to solve problems in complex aquifer systems. Herein, the emphasis is given to cases where the available dataset is large and randomly distributed in the different aquifer types of the hydrogeological system. Self-Organizing Maps can be applied to identify locally similar input data, to substitute the usually uncertain correlation length of the variogram model that estimates the correlated neighborhood, and then by means of Transgaussian Kriging to estimate the bias corrected spatial distribution of groundwater level. The proposed methodology was tested on a large dataset of groundwater level data in a complex hydrogeological area. The obtained results have shown a significant improvement compared to the ones obtained by classical geostatistical approaches.

كان المسوغ للدراسة في هذا المبحث, في الجمع بين هذه الفنون, كما في المباحث الأخرى من دراسة الفنون البلاغية, هو التقارب المفهومي بين هذه الفنون من حيث دلالتهما التي اصطُلح عليها عند البلاغيين, أو ارتباط هذه الفنون ببعضها بوجه من الوجوه, فالتجريد بما هو خطاب للغير, يرتبط بالالتفات الذي يقوم في أساسه على تحول الخطاب, في سياق لغوي محدد, ولعل هذا التداخل بين هذه الفنون والترابط بينها, كان هو السبب وراء تغاير مفهوماتها بين البلاغيين, كما رأينا من خلال الدراسة التاريخية لتطور مفهومات كل منها.

Background: Excessive screen time has been shown to be a harmful habit that starts in the beginning of child life. However, little is known about the factors that influence children use of digital media. Increased digital time in young children has been associated to unfavorable health effects, such as an increase in BMI. Objective(s): The aim of this study is to detect the association between digital addiction and sleep habits for preschool children. Methodology: A descriptive (Cross-Sectional Design) study was conducted on preschooler’s parents by using the instrument of the study, the study was carried out through different governmental kindergartens at Al-Russafa and Al-Karkh Districts in Baghdad City to assess sleep habits regarding digital screen addiction for preschool children through period from November 1st, 2021, to March 7th 2022. The accessible population included the preschooler’s parents whom their children attended to Government kindergartens. Non-probability, convenient sample of (200) child and parents is selected; (100) participant from Al-Rusafa District Government Kindergartens and (100) participant from Al-Karkh District Government Kindergartens. Results: The results indicates that 62% of preschooler using digital screens at moderate level of addiction, and the mean score was moderate (30.03±4.039), and that 53% of preschool children show fair level of sleep style, and the mean score was fair (39.19±4.513). Conclusion: More than half of the study sample scored on moderate level on digital screen addiction. Half of study sample scored on fair level of sleep style. Recommendations: Increase parent’s awareness about the negative effect of digital screen up on children by social media and educational posters. More future studies about the effects of digital screen up on the different age groups of children. Keywords: Digital Addiction, Sleep Habits, Preschool Children.

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has rapidly spread worldwide, and it was officially declared to be a pandemic by the World Health Organization on March 11, 2020. COVID-19 is associated with increasing morbidity and mortality and has impacted the lives of the global populations. Aim: To compare the knowledge of medical and non-medical students at Jordanian universities in issues related to COVID-19 and to evaluate the psychological and behavioural changes in Jordanian students’ lives following directly/indirectly exposure to the COVID-19. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional online survey was sent to a convenience sample in Jordanian universities through social media (Facebook and WhatsApp) between 16th of June and 30th of June 2020. The questionnaire was designed to collect the demographic, participant’s source of information regarding COVID-19, knowledge on COVID-19, the psychological consequences of COVID-19, impact of COVID-19 on participant’s behaviour. The final version of the questionnaire was further tested for content validity by experts in the field. Chi-square test was used to find significant differences between the two groups. Results: A total of 912 participants completed the survey, with 507(55.6%) being medical students and 405(44.4%) being non-medical students. About 90% of students believed in the existence of corona virus (n=817), but not in the seriousness of the infection (n=85, 9.3%). The majority 82.2% (n=750) agreed that the fake news on social media caused panic situations. A total of 275 medical students avoided following news as compared to 187 non-medical students, and the difference was statistically significant (p-value = 0.003). There were 438 medical students and 338 non medical students who avoided leaving the house for unnecessary needs (p-value = 0.004). Conclusion: Medical students had better knowledge and were more aware on COVID-19 than that of non-medical students; for this reason, medical students tended to change their behaviours in a good way. The current pandemic seems to impact the psychology of the both groups with no difference significant.

Dr. Philippe Campeau is the recipient of the 2021 Canadian Society for Clinical Investigation (CSCI) Joe Doupe Young Investigator Award—given in recognition of his early career achievements as a clinician-scientist and his mentorship to trainees. In honor of his success, this article discusses Dr. Campeau’s journey to a career as clinician-scientist and his successes and challenges along the way. In answering these questions, Dr. Campeau shares encouraging insights and advice for clinician-scientist trainees who are building the foundations of their own careers in medicine and research.