Search

Thioacetamide (TAA) is widely used in the production of drugs, pesticides and dyeing auxiliaries. Moreover, it is a chemical that can cause liver damage and cancer. TAA has recently been identified to cause bone damage in animal models. However, the type of bone damage that TAA causes and its potential pathogenic mechanisms remain unclear. The toxic effects of TAA on the femurs of New Zealand white rabbits and the underlying toxicity mechanism were investigated in this study. Serum samples, the heart, liver, kidney and femurs were collected from rabbits after intraperitoneal injection of TAA for 5 months (100 and 200 mg/kg). The New Zealand white rabbits treated with TAA showed significant weight loss and femoral shortening. The activities of total bilirubin, total bile acid and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase in the serum were increased following treatment with TAA. In addition, the cortical bone became thinner, and the trabecular thickness decreased significantly in TAA-treated rabbits, which was accompanied by significantly decreased mineral density of the cortical and trabecular bone. Moreover, there was a significant decrease in modulus of elasticity and maximum load on bone stress in TAA-treated rabbits. The western blotting results showed that the expression of phosphorylated (p)-p38 and p-ERK in femur tissues of rabbits were increased after TAA administration. Collectively, these results suggested that TAA may lead to femoral damage in rabbits by activating the p38/ERK signaling pathway.

Background H2O2, as a green and environmentally friendly oxidant, has been widely used in our daily life and industrial production. It is of epoch-making significance to develop highly efficient photocatalysts for producing H2O2. In recent years, g-C3N4 has received much attention due to its high chemical stability, environmental friendliness and suitable energy band structure. However, some shortcomings including the fast recombination of photogenerated electron-hole pairs and small specific surface area in traditional 2D g-C3N4 seriously impede its photocatalytic performance for the production of H2O2. Methods 1D hollow nanostructures possess intriguing physicochemical properties and are adopted to overcome the intrinsic shortcomings of g-C3N4. Herein, g-C3N4 with a hollow hexagonal prism structure (CN HP) is prepared to produce H2O2. It is characterized by XRD, XPS, SEM, HRTEM, ESR and DRS. BET, PL spectra, photocurrent and EIS are used to explain the enhanced photocatalytic performance. Significant findings Compared with traditional 2D g-C3N4, the specific surface area of CN HP increases to 41.513 m2/g, providing more active sites. Meanwhile, its hollow tubular structure can enhance the migration of photogenerated electrons to the catalyst surface, and electrons with a longer lifetime can participate in photocatalytic reactions to achieve high efficiency. The yield of H2O2 production can up to 4.08 μmol over CN HP in 40 min, which is about 7 times higher than that of traditional 2D g-C3N4, and the apparent quantum efficiency (AQE) of H2O2 production at 420 nm is 2.41%. This research provides a valuable reference for the development of green materials for efficient photocatalytic production of H2O2.

Additional file 5 Supplementary Fig. 2. Prognostic value of the risk score system according to clinicopathological factors. Forest plot of prognostic features by using multivariate Cox regression analysis.

Additional file 4 Supplementary Fig. 1. Annual age-adjusted incidence of AEG. The incidence of AEG by sex (A), race (B), grade (C), and tumour site (D).

Additional file 6 Supplementary Fig. 3. The analysis of AUC comparison and RFS in our center. (A) Comparison of AUC values in the training set, internal set, whole set and validation set from our center. (B) Kaplan-Meier plots of RFS between high- and low-risk groups in our center (n = 174).

Grain shape is one of the important agronomic traits, which is closely related to the yield of rice. A new rice mutant, named small and round grain (srg1), was isolated from an indica cultivar Zhenong 34 by ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS) mutagenesis. The microscopic analysis showed that the cell length of spikelet in srg1 was decreased compared with that in wild type (WT), which caused the grain length short. Meanwhile, the grains of srg1 were wider than those of WT because of the increased cell layers in spikelet in the lateral direction. Therefore, the inhibition of cell expansion and increased cell proliferation collectively led to the small and round grain. By map-based cloning, the gene SRG1 was located on the short arm of chromosome 9, which encodes a kinesin-4 protein, represented by the gene LOC_Os09g02650. A single nucleotide polymorphism, occurred in the 16th exon of SRG1, led to premature translation stop in mutant. The cell cycle-related genes were up-regulated in srg1, which conferred that SRG1 controlled grain width through the cell proliferation. Since the role of SRG1 in regulating grain shape was not clarified well before, it is valuable to explore the mechanism of grain development. This study could, hence, provide a morphogenesis and molecular basis for elucidating the function of SRG1, as well as a new germplasm resource for the further study of grain development. Keywords: small and round grain, kinesin-4 protein, gene mapping, rice

Grain size is frequently selected during domestication and breeding. It influences the preferences of consumers, thus affecting the commercial value of rice. In present study, a mutant named as SLENDER GRAIN3 (sg3) was identified from cultivar Zhenong 41 (Oryza sativa L. ssp. indica) with ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) treatment. Histological analysis showed that the slender grain of sg3 mutant resulted from increased cell division longitudinally and decreased cell division horizontally. Compared with the wild type Zhenong 41, starch granules in sg3 mutant were more closely packed, thus decreasing the chalkiness. Moreover, grain yield per plant in sg3 mutant was improved by 14%. By map-based cloning, SG3 was located on the long arm of chromosome 3 with a physical distance of 82 kb, and a 9-bp deletion in the 5⿲-UTR of LOC_Os03g27110 was identified, which upregulated the expression level significantly. Moreover, a molecular marker for SG3 was developed to identify the grain size during the early generation breeding in rice. The novel factor SG3 regulated the grain size mainly through changing the cell division and the endosperm formation in rice. Key words: grain size, gene mapping, phenotype analysis, rice

Based on the analysis of geometrical characteristic, material composition and load characteristics of the optical fiber dispenser, a template based method to implement three dimensional parametric design of optical fiber dispenser was put forward. The template is created by interactive way firstly. Then a set of design parameters which completely control the shape and dimensions of optical fiber dispenser are selected, and relationships between control parameters and shape and dimension of the dispenser were established by program. Inputting a set of design parameters, a new dispenser can be designed automatically by program. Making use of PRO/E WILDFIRE, PRO/TOOLKIT and VC ++, an integrated parametric design system for optical fiber dispenser were successfully developed.

Objectives The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of modified Qianjin Weijing decoction on acute exacerbation of chronic pulmonary heart disease, and the changes of blood soluble thrombomodulin (sTM) over time during the therapy phase. Methods 60 patients experienced acute exacerbation of chronic pulmonary heart disease were assigned randomisation to receive either routine medicine based on the guideline only in the control group or combined with modified Qianjin Weijing decoction in the treatment group. The clinical magnificent, analysis of blood gas and sTM were recorded in all patients before and 10 days after treatment respectively. Results The effective rate in treatment group (70.00%) was higher than control group (23.33%, p 2 ) and partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO 2 ) were significantly improved in both groups after treatment compared with before treatment (p Conclusions These results demonstrate that Modified Qianjin Weijing decoction is a good alternative for patients who suffered acute exacerbation of chronic pulmonary heart disease, protect vascular endothelial system effectively associated with routine medicine.

I am about the same age as the story's heroine, Meng Xiaoyu, and I have similar taste. I like literature, and I like exploring everything beautiful in life. But I certainly do not have the courage of Meng Xiaoyu (or let's call it "openness"). I have not yet had contact with this problem. I sometimes even think that unless there is a go-between other people will laugh at love — how can two young people of the opposite sex broach this topic on their own?