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At present, environmental issues are of concern to all countries, especially for developing countries, and education on waste sorting is urgent. However, it remains a challenge to improve students’ learning achievement and engagement in environmental education. Researchers have pointed out the potential of digital games for promoting students’ learning motivation. In addition, the two-tier testing mechanism has been recognized as an effective tool for correcting students’ misconceptions and promoting their in-depth thinking. Therefore, this study proposed a two-tier testing-based digital gaming approach. To verify the effectiveness of the approach, a digital game was developed and a quasi-experiment was conducted. The participants were two classes of fifth graders, with one class as the experimental group using the two-tier test-based digital game and the other class as the control group learning with the conventional digital game. The results showed that the digital game-based learning with two-tier testing model was conducive to students' improved academic performance compared with the conventional digital game-based learning model, especially for students in the low-level group, who were able to make greater progress. In addition, the approach was effective in terms of reducing students’ cognitive load and improving their flow experience.

AIM:To investigate the effect of growth hormone releasing peptide(ghrelin)on diabetic retinopathy in rats and study its protective effect.METHODS: Eighteen male SD rats were divided into control group, model group and ghrelin group. HE staining was used to observe the morphology of retina, TUNEL staining was used to observe apoptosis, transmission electron microscope was used to observe the ultrastructure of retinal pigment epithelium, immunohistochemistry was used to detect oxidative stress index, and ELISA was used to detect the content of inflammatory factors. RESULTS:Morphological observation showed that ghrelin could reduce the degree of retinal tissue damage and the apoptosis of retinal tissue in diabetic rats. The results of immunohistochemistry showed that the activities of SOD(superoxide dismutase)and glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)in retina tissue of ghrelin group were increased, and the content of malondialdehyde(MDA)was decreased, compared with model group(P

Lakes and reservoirs are important water resources for human survival and sustainable development. The seasonal excess of manganese ions (Mn

In order to study the performance of DCLR (direct coal liquefaction residue) modified asphalt mortar, different DCLR modified asphalt mortar with different DCLR contents and filler-asphalt ratios (FA) was prepared. The high-and-low temperature and fatigue performance of asphalt mortar was analyzed by a dynamic shear rheometer and a bending beam rheometer. Using the variance analysis method the influence of the single factor (temperature, DCLR content, FA) and the coupling between these factors on the performance of asphalt mortar was investigated. The results show that the addition of DCLR and filler can significantly improve the high-temperature performance of asphalt mortar, but damage the low-temperature performance and the fatigue performance of asphalt mortar. To comprehensively balance the effects of DCLR content and FA on the performance of the mortar, the DCLR content of 10% and the FA of 1.0 are recommended. Besides, the single factor (temperature, DCLR content, FA) and the coupling between these factors have significant effects on the performance of asphalt mortar, but the effect of the coupling is smaller than that of the single factor.

Brain structural and functional abnormalities have been shown to be involved in the neurobiological underpinnings of bulimia nervosa (BN), while the mechanisms underlying this dysregulation are unclear. The main goal of this investigation was to explore the presence of brain structural alterations and relevant functional changes in BN. We hypothesized that BN patients had regional gray matter volume abnormalities and corresponding resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) changes compared with healthy controls. Thirty-one BN patients and twenty-eight matched healthy controls underwent both high-resolution T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and resting-state functional MRI. Structural analysis was performed by voxel-based morphometry (VBM), with subsequent rsFC analysis applied by a seed-based, whole-brain voxelwise approach using the abnormal gray matter volume (GMV) region of interest as the seed. Compared with the controls, the BN patients showed increased GMV in the left medial orbitofrontal cortex (mOFC). The BN patients also exhibited significantly increased rsFC between the left mOFC and the right superior occipital gyrus (SOG) and decreased rsFC between the left mOFC and the left precentral gyrus, postcentral gyrus, and supplementary motor area (SMA). Furthermore, the z values of rsFC between the left mOFC and right SOG was positively correlated with the Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire-external eating scores. Findings from this investigation further suggest that the mOFC plays a crucial role in the neural pathophysiological underpinnings of BN, which may lead to sensorimotor and visual regions reorganization and be related to representations of body image and the drive behind eating behavior. These findings have important implications for understanding neural mechanisms in BN and developing strategies for prevention.

An interface of laser ablation (LA) and stable isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS) was developed to provide high spatial resolution organic carbon stable isotope analysis. Based on this, a LA-IRMS 13C/12C analytical method for organic carbon in standards and rice leaf was developed. The results showed that this system could carry out continuous on-line analysis of solid samples with high sensitivity, and the sampling amount was as low as tens of nanograms, which was 10000 times lower than that of traditional element analyzer (EA)-IRMS analysis. This method avoided many fractionation factors effectively in the process of sampling, transmission and ionization, and obtained repeatable and high-precision results. Combined with the advantages of laser ablation technique in situ sampling, the high-resolution carbon isotope distribution information of solid samples was obtained by using this method. This in-situ solid organic carbon isotope measurement technique was stable, reliable with high accuracy, and it would have a broad application prospect in the fields of environment, agriculture, forestry and ecology in the future.

With rapid progress in cancer diagnosis and treatment in the last two decades, outcomes in oncological patients have improved significantly. However, the incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) in this population has also increased significantly. AKI complicates many aspects of patients' care and adversely affects their prognoses; thus, accurately diagnosing the risk factors for AKI ensures appropriate management. AKI may be caused by pre-renal, intrinsic renal, and post-renal reasons, as well as for combined reasons. This review summarizes the potential etiologies of AKI according to the three classifications. For each underlying cause of AKI, the cancer itself and/or cancer treatment may contribute to a patient developing AKI. Therefore, we present disease- and treatment-related factors for each cause category, with special focus on immune checkpoint inhibitors, which are being used increasingly more often. It is important for nephrology services to be knowledgeable to provide the best level of care.

The management of eating behavior in bulimia nervosa (BN) patients is a complex process, and BN involves activity in multiple brain regions that integrate internal and external functional information. This functional information integration occurs in brain regions involved in reward, cognition, attention, memory, emotion, smell, taste, vision and so on. Although it has been reported that resting-state brain activity in BN patients is different from that of healthy controls, the neural mechanisms remain unclear and need to be further explored. The fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (fALFF) analyses are an important data-driven method that can measure the relative contribution of low-frequency fluctuations within a specific frequency band to the whole detectable frequency range. The fALFF is well suited to reveal the strength of interregional cooperation at the single-voxel level to investigate local neuronal activity power. FC is a brain network analysis method based on the level of correlated dynamics between time series, which establishes the connection between two spatial regions of interest (ROIs) with the assistance of linear temporal correlation. Based on the psychological characteristics of patients with BN and the abnormal brain functional activities revealed by previous neuroimaging studies, in this study, we investigated alterations in regional neural activity by applying fALFF analysis and whole-brain functional connectivity (FC) in patients with BN in the resting state and to explore correlations between brain activities and eating behavior. We found that the left insula and bilateral inferior parietal lobule (IPL), as key nodes in the reorganized resting-state neural network, had altered FC with other brain regions associated with reward, emotion, cognition, memory, smell/taste, and vision-related functional processing, which may have influenced restrained eating behavior. These results could provide a further theoretical basis and potential effective targets for neuropsychological treatment in patients with BN.

To examine the role and decipher the mechanism of Pingchuan formula (PCF) in treating allergic asthma.The mice were treated with saline, dexamethasone (DXM) and PCF for 1 week after the asthma model was established and their respiratory function including respiratory resistance (RI), pulmonary dynamic compliance (Cdyn) and maximum voluntary ventilation (MVV) were measured. In addition, cellular changes in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and pathological changes in lung biopsy as well as the expression level of -smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-α1) in BALF and interleukin-5 (IL-5), interleukin-13 (IL-13), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interferon-γ (IFN-γ), nuclear factor-kappa B-p65 (NF-κBp65), inhibitor-α of nuclear transcription factor κB (IκBα), p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38MAPK), c-jun n-terminal kinase (JNK) and its phosphorylated proteins in lung tissue were also examined and compared among different groups.Our data suggested that the respiratory functions were significantly improved and the pathological changes ameliorated in the DXM group and the PCF group compared to the model group. Both DXM and PCF effectively decreased the number of eosinophils, lymphocytes, and neutrophils in BAL as well as the secretion of α-SMA and TGF-α1, IL-5, IL-13, while increased the expression of TNF-α and IFN-γ. Furthermore, our study indicated that the NF-κBp65, IκBα, p38MAPK and JNK pathways were inhibited under the treatment of PCF.Our data indicated that PCF can attenuate the inflammatory response in asthma through inhibiting the NF-κB/MAPK signaling pathway. This study not only supported the use of PCF in allergic asthma in clinic but also shed light upon afurther understanding of thediseasepathogenesis.

Background/aims: Asthma is a common chronic respiratory disease. It has been reported that Pingchuan formula (PCF) can control asthma attacks by reducing airway inflammation, muscle spasm and mucus secretion. However, PCF’s mechanism for reducing airway mucus hypersecretion remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effect of PCF on airway mucus secretion in asthmatic mice and to explore changes in the PNEC-GABA-IL13-Muc5ac axis. Methods: Male Babl/c mice were used to establish the asthma model via sensitisation with OVA. Mice were randomly divided into Normal, OVA, DEX, and PCF groups. After treatment, lung histopathology was observed with H&E and PAS staining. BALF levels of IL-5 and IL-13 were detected using ELISA. The levels of mRNA and protein expression for GAD1, GABAARβ1, GABAARα1 and Muc5ac in the lung tissue were measured by RT-PCR and Western blot assays. PNECs were observed with AgNOR staining. Results: PCF treatment effectively reduced goblet cell (P

Soil is the primary interface of Earth's critical zone and plays an important role in food security and sustaining environmental balance. Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) pose significant threat to human health and ecosystems, with croplands being intensively affected via planting patterns and the application of fertilizers. The transmission of ARGs in croplands remains largely unknown. Using high throughput quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (HT-qPCR) techniques, we investigated the occurrence and diversity of ARGs and their association with heavy metals in different croplands in China. A total of 187 ARGs were identified, ranging from 89 to 159 in agricultural soils. The abundance of ARGs ranged from 6.47×10

Amine functionalized polyacrylonitrile fibers (PANFs) were prepared and applied for the simultaneous separation and preconcentration of V(V), As(III), Sn(IV), Sb(III) and Bi(II) from environmental water samples in this paper. The functional PANFs were first prepared by nucleophilic substitution reaction between hydroxylamine hydrochloride and polyacrylonitrile fibers, and then the reactant obtained in the first step was subjected to a ring opening reaction with epichlorohydrin, followed by modification with triethylenetetramine (TETA). The structure of the final polymer fibers was analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and the morphology was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). A home-made solid phase extraction (SPE) pretreatment column was filled with PANFs, and then online connected with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) for quantitative determination of metal ions. Under the optimized experimental conditions, the target metal ions were eluted rapidly and quantitatively using 0.3 mol L−1 HNO3 solution. Only with 30 mL sample solution, high enrichment factors of 120 were obtained for V(V), As(III), Sn(IV) and Sb(III), and 115 for Bi(II), respectively. The detection limits achieved were low: 1.2, 0.9, 1.7, 1.5 and 2.3 ng L−1 for V(V), As(III), Sn(IV), Sb(III) and Bi(II), respectively, and the relative standard deviations (RSDs) were below 3.0%. The advanced fiber materials prepared in this work have the advantages of low cost, environmental friendliness and high adsorption efficiency, and the on-line preconcentration method has greatly improved the analysis efficiency. Finally, the feasibility and accuracy of the method were validated by successfully analyzing Certified Reference Materials (CRMs) as well as lake, river and sea water samples.

The Long-Short Term Memory (LSTM) model is applied to the Steam Generator (SG) water level prediction in this work. The model is designed and implemented within the SIMULINK environment, where a real-time validation platform is also constructed using traditional PID controller. The SG water level feedback signal is fed to both the LSTM model and the PID controller, allowing the prediction to be generated online and compared to the actual controlled value. The results have demonstrated the functionality and advantages of the LSTM model, such as the high accuracy with prediction error of −1.1887 × 10–4, low loss value with MSE of 1.4130 × 10–8, and quick convergence during the simulation. Discoveries found in this work could enable future exploration of developing deep-learning-based control strategy for nuclear power plants.

The one-step strategy for the facile syntheses of structurally diverse 1-indanones in moderate to good isolated yields was developed via a ruthenium-catalyzed tandem coupling and cyclization of simple aromatic acids with α,β-unsaturated ketones. The tandem cyclization involves one-pot sequential reactions of C–H activation, conjugate addition, Dieckmann condensation, Michael addition, intramolecular Aldol reaction, or hydrolysis. Switchable access to spiroindanones and 2-substituted 1-indanones could be achieved by manganese additive and H2O. Mn(II) additive is found to play an important role in this transformation, and a trace amount of water can promote the formation of 2-substituted 1-indanones. This process features the one-pot efficient construction of multiple C–C bonds, high step-economy, commercially available starting materials, and a broad substrate scope.

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a subtype of breast cancer with a poor prognosis and limited effective treatment. The rise in immunotherapeutic strategies prompted the establishment of a genetic vaccine against TNBC in vitro using a possible biological marker of TNBC. In the present study, different detection methods were used to evaluate the distribution and expression of runt-associated transcription factor 2 (Runx2) in various breast cancer cell lines. Following the development of the Runx2-dendritic cell (DC) vaccine using a lentivirus, the transfection efficacy was recorded. The T lymphocytes co-cultured with the vaccine were collected to assess the antitumor potency. Increased levels of Runx2 were expressed in breast cancer cells; however, different breast cancer cell lines expressed various levels of Runx2. Runx2 demonstrated particularly high expression in TNBC cells, compared with non-TNBC cells. A Runx2 lentivirus transfection system was successfully engineered, and Runx2 was transduced into dendritic cells whilst maintaining stable expression. The sustained and stable cytotoxic T cells induced in the transfected group had higher and more specific antitumor efficacy against TNBC, compared with the other cell lines. Runx2 may be a novel target for TNBC treatment. The Runx2-DC vaccine may induce specific and efficient antitumor effects in TNBC in vitro.

This study explores the effect of COL1A2, COL6A3, and THBS2 gene silencing on proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis of gastric cancer cells through the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. The gastric cancer microarray expression data (GSE19826, GSE79973, and GSE65801) was analyzed. Gastric cancer tissues and corresponding adjacent normal tissues were extracted from patients. Positive expression rate of PI3K, Akt, and p-Akt was measured with immunohistochemistry. Two cell lines, BGC-823 and SGC-7901, were transfected and cells were grouped into blank, negative control, COL1A2-shRNA, COL6A3-shRNA, and THBS2-shRNA groups. Expressions of COL1A2, COL6A3, and THBS2 in gastric cancer cells transfected with corresponding silencing sequences were evaluated by RT-qPCR and Western blot. MTT assay, Transwell, and cell scratch tests were conducted to evaluate cell proliferation, invasion, and migration capacity, respectively. Flow cytometry was used to evaluate cell cycle distribution and apoptosis. The positive expression of PI3K, Akt, and p-Akt was higher in gastric cancer tissues compared with adjacent normal tissues, and the mRNA expression of COL1A2, COL6A3, and THBS2 was increased in gastric cancer tissues. Akt, p-Akt, and PI3K expression drastically decreased in cells transfected with COL1A2, COL6A3, and THBS2 silencing sequences. Cells transfected with COL1A2, COL6A3, and THBS2 silencing sequences exhibited promoted apoptosis but inhibited proliferation, migration, and invasion. This study demonstrates that COL1A2, COL6A3, and THBS2 gene silencing inhibits gastric cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion while promoting apoptosis through the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway.

The ruthenium-catalyzed intermolecular cascade cyclization of aromatic acids with aromatic aldehydes, which involves the direct insertion of C–H bond into a polar C=O bond and the successive intramolecular nucleophilic substitution, was developed for the synthesis of 3-substituted phthalides in good to excellent yields. This one-pot procedure characterizes in a short reaction time, the cheaper Ru(II) as a catalyst, readily available acids and aldehydes as starting materials, and water as the only theoretical by-product. These merits make the protocol an efficient and cost-effective route for the synthesis of 3-substituted phthalides.

Background/Aims: This paper aims to explore the effects of pyruvate kinase (PK) M2 gene silencing on the proliferation and apoptosis of colorectal cancer (CRC) LS-147T and SW620 cells. Methods: CRC LS-147T and SW620 cells highly expressing PKM2 were randomly selected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and then assigned into the blank (no transfection), PKM2-shRNA (transfection with shRNA) and empty plasmid (transfection with empty plasmid) groups. Immunofluorescence was applied to detect PKM2 protein expression. qRT-PCR and Western blotting were conducted to assess mRNA and protein expression of PKM2, p53 and p21. The cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay was used to assess cell proliferation. Flow cytometry was used to assess the cell cycle and apoptosis rate, and a senescence-associated β-galactosidase staining kit was used to assess cell senescence. Results: PKM2 exhibited high mRNA expression among CRC LS-147T and SW620 cells with remarkable protein expression noted in the cytoplasm and nucleus. The PKM2-shRNA group exhibited reduced PKM2 mRNA and protein expression, whereas p53 and p21 expression was increased compared with the blank and empty plasmid groups. Cell proliferation in PKM2-shRNA cells decreased significantly compared with the blank group and empty plasmid groups. The PKM2-shRNA group exhibited more cells in the G1 phase and fewer cells in the G2/M phase compared with the blank and empty plasmid groups. In addition, the PKM2-shRNA group exhibited significantly increased apoptosis rates and β-galactosidase activity compared with the blank and empty plasmid groups. Conclusion: Our study demonstrates that PKM2 gene silencing suppresses proliferation and promotes apoptosis in LS-147T and SW620 cells.

AIM To evaluate the efficacy and safety of nitrous oxide-sedated endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration. METHODS Enrolled patients were divided randomly into an experimental group (inhalation of nitrous oxide) and a control group (inhalation of pure oxygen) and heart rate, blood oxygen saturation, blood pressure, electrocardiogram (ECG) changes, and the occurrence of complications were monitored and recorded. All patients and physicians completed satisfaction questionnaires about the examination and scored the process using a visual analog scale. RESULTS There was no significant difference in heart rate, blood oxygen saturation, blood pressure, ECG changes, or complication rate between the two groups of patients (P > 0.05). However, patient and physician satisfaction were both significantly higher in the nitrous oxide compared with the control group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Nitrous oxide-sedation is a safe and effective option for patients undergoing endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration.

Analytical technique on oxygen isotope composition of phosphate in soil plays an important role in biogeochemical research. As the composition of the soil is complex with multiple oxygen sources, a liable phosphate enrichment and purification technology is important for phosphate oxygen isotope research. Here we present a protocol on the analysis of the δ 18 O p of inorganic phosphate in soil, wherein phosphate was purified with multiple mineral precipitations and finally precipitated as Ag 3 PO 4 . The efficiency of NH 4 OH purification method was examined and the purity of the product was verified through XRD and element analysis. The result showed that the treatment of Ag 3 PO 4 sample by recrystallizing with ammonia could remove the impurity efficiently without significantly modify oxygen isotope compositions. The validity of sample processing and the reliability of isotope analyses were confirmed by processing a KH 2 PO 4 stand in parallel with soil samples containing phosphate. The analysis result of three types of soil samples indicated that this method provided good precision of 0.2‰. There were significant differences of δ 18 O p among three types of soil (from 15.2‰ to 19.5‰), and δ 18 O p could be used to trace P sources.

Background The present study aimed to assess the efficacy of computer-based endoscope cleaning and disinfection using a hospital management information system (HMIS). Methods A total of 2,674 gastroscopes were eligible for inclusion in this study. For the processes of disinfection management, the gastroscopes were randomly divided into 2 groups: gastroscope disinfection HMIS (GD-HMIS) group and manual group. In the GD-HMIS group, an integrated circuit card (IC card) chip was installed to monitor and record endoscope cleaning and disinfection automatically and in real time, whereas the endoscope cleaning and disinfection in the manual group was recorded manually. The overall disinfection progresses for both groups were recorded, and the total operational time was calculated. Results For the GD-HMIS group, endoscope disinfection HMIS software was successfully developed. The time to complete a single session of cleaning and disinfecting on a gastroscope was 15.6 minutes (range, 14.3-17.2 minutes) for the GD-HMIS group and 21.3 minutes (range, 20.2-23.9 minutes) for the manual group. Failure to record information, such as the identification number of the endoscope, occasionally occurred in the manual group, which affected the accuracy and reliability of manual recording. Conclusions Computer-based gastroscope cleaning and disinfection using a hospital management information system could monitor the process of gastroscope cleaning and disinfection in real time and improve the accuracy and reliability, thereby ensuring the quality of gastroscope cleaning and disinfection.

Network media has become a new normal under new environment in this innovative age, and new network media has been applied to higher education. Taking a Renowned University in China as an Example, author used the basis of developmental psychology theory, summarized new characteristics of new network media and university student’s development, and stated the response from and development of higher education, brought forth new ideas of the relationship between new network media and development of university students.

China's feminist movement take Marxist outlook on women as the guiding ideology, the liberation of Chinese women and their rights are all benefited from this. Marxist outlook on women holds that the degree of liberation of women marks the level of civilization of a society. The degree of liberation of contemporary Chinese women has been improved, but there is still phenomenon of discrimination. To solve the problem of contemporary Chinese feminist, we must vigorously develop the productive forces, promote the balanced development of social economy, provide adequate labor opportunities for women, with full respect for women's employment autonomy; women themselves should actively improve their cultural level, raise their self-consciousness and right consciousness.

The current Online New Event Detection (ONED) algorithms based on the elements of news can effectively detect new events; however, these methods have two limitations: First, events are tend to be split into several small similar events at the beginning of events; Second, those events about the same describing object but different subject are opt to be merged into one large event. This paper proposes a new improved ONED algorithm that could effectively solve the above limitations; the new algorithm makes two improvements at the basis of the current ONED algorithms: First, at the beginning of events, it not only compares stories with detected events but also compare events with events to make sure that whether certain events should to be merged; Second, it makes a secondary analysis of those events those last for a long time to see whether they should be split. The experimental results show that comparing to the current ONED algorithms the new algorithm can effectively reduce the miss probability and false-alarm probability.

To solve the abnormal rail corrugation problem of Beijing Metro Line 4, the track structural parameters comparative tests were carry out in the Metro Line 1,2 and 4. Metro Lines 1 and 2 were chosen based of the Beijing Subway Survey and previous successful experiments. The comparative analysis was based off of rail static geometry, dynamic displacement and the lateral acceleration. The test results proved the stiffness of line4 is weaker than line1,2 and suggestions on steps to prevent and correct the metro rails abnormal corrugation will be formulated.

A highly selective luminescent chemosensor for Cr(3+) in aqueous solution was assembled by a low-selectivity luminogenic receptor with Cu(2+) as a metal quencher. Three tetranitrogen chelating sites were integrated into the multichannel receptor with a tris(1,10-phenanthroline)ruthenium(II) luminophore at the core. This receptor (2) exhibits chelating affinity for many transition-metal cations, among which Cu(2+) efficiently quenches the emission. The further addition of Cr(3+) into the Cu(2+)-titrated solution of 2 results in a metal-exchange reaction and a sensitive turn-on luminescence response highly selective over other metal cations. The quencher displacement sensing strategy in this design can be a simple but efficient approach for OFF-ON luminescent sensing of metal cations that inherently lack selective ligands.

Treatment of the ruthenabenzene [Ru{CHC(PPh(3))CHC(PPh(3))CH}Cl(2)(PPh(3))(2)]Cl (1) with excess 8-hydroxyquinoline in the presence of CH(3)COONa under air atmosphere produced the S(N)Ar product [(C(9) H(6)NO)Ru{CHC(PPh(3))CHC(PPh(3))C}(C(9)H(6)NO)(PPh(3))]Cl(2) (3). Ruthenabenzene 3 could be stable in the solution of weak alkali or weak acid. However, reaction of 3 with NaOH afforded a 7:1 mixture of ruthenabenzenes [(C(9)H(6)NO)Ru{CHC(PPh(3))CHCHC}(C(9)H(6)NO)(PPh(3))]Cl (4) and [(C(9)H(6)NO)Ru{CHCHCHC(PPh(3))C}(C(9)H(6)NO)(PPh(3))]Cl (5), presumably involving a P-C bond cleavage of the metallacycle. Complex 3 was also reactive to HCl, which results in a transformation of 3 to ruthenabenzene [Ru{CHC(PPh(3))CHC(PPh(3))C}Cl(2)(C(9)H(6)NO)(PPh(3))]Cl (6) in high yield. Thermal stability tests showed that ruthenabenzenes 4, 5, and 6 have remarkable thermal stability both in solid state and in solution under air atmosphere. Ruthenabenzenes 4 and 5 were found to be fluorescent in common solvents and have spectral behaviors comparable to those organic multicyclic compounds containing large π-extended systems.

A simple cyclopalladated complex of 4-(2-thiazolylazo)resorcinol showed a specific red-to-green colour change upon addition of organotin species in the acetonitrile-water medium.

Neurosurgical emergencies including intracranial hemorrhage and head trauma have high mortality and morbidity rates and meanwhile are often accompanied with coagulation disorders. On one hand, coagulation disorder follows traumatic brain injury;on the other hand, the increasing use of anticoagulant and antiplatelet treatment for cardiovascular diseases increases the risk of death among patients with brain trauma or bleeding. Once the intracranial pressure increases, such patients need emergency surgical intervention, but coagulation disorder is a relative contraindication. This article reviews the pathogenesis and treatment of coagulation disorders in patients with neurosurgical emergency. It also analyzes clinical monitoring indices for such patients and their variations and summarizes the strategies and measures of perioperative management.

To detect the inhibitory effect of all-trans retinoic acid(ATRA) on breast cancer stem cells (CSCs).The inhibitory effect of ATRA on MCF-7 and SK-BR-3 cell lines was analyzed using a Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8). The proportion of CD44(+)CD24(-) tumor cells of the two cell lines were measured before and after the ATRA treatment, and the role of ATRA in the regulation of CSC self-renewing ability was evaluated with a tumor sphere assay. The tumor spheres were grown in an adherent culture to evaluate the ATRA-induced differentiation of breast cancer stem cells.ATRA effectively inhibited the unsorted cells and stem cells, but the CSCs were more sensitive to ATRA. At a concentration of 10(-6) mol/L, the inhibitory rate of MCF-7 unsorted cells and stem cells were (8.66 ± 1.06)% and (21.09 ± 3.25)%, respectively (P = 0.004). For SK-BR-3 cells, the rates were (39.19 ± 1.47)% and (51.22 ± 2.80)%, respectively (P = 0.005). The self-renewing ability of the CSCs was impaired by ATRA at a concentration of 10(-6) mol/L. The rate of MCF-7 and SK-BR-3 stem cells to form tumor sphere was 5.2% (5/96) and 13.5% (13/96), respectively. For the control group, it was 86.5% (83/96) and 93.8% (90/96), respectively (P0.001). ATRA also promoted the CD44(+)CD24(-) subpopulation to differentiate. SK-BR-3 stem cells were grown in an adherent culture. After using ATRA, the proportion of CD44(+)CD24(-) cells was (48.1 ± 2.5)% and that of the control group was (86.6 ± 2.5)% (P0.001).ATRA effectively inhibits breast NCSCs and CSCs, but CSCs are more sensitive to ATRA. ATRA impairs the self-renewing ability of CSCs and promotes CSCs to differentiate.

This paper constructs securities analysts’ competence model with 20 indicators. It uses survey and Delphi methods. The fuzzy comprehensive evaluation is used to evaluate the competence of securities analysts in China. The results show that securities analysts are not competent in every category. The results show that securities analysts are incompetent as a whole. Especially they perform worse in “forecast accuracy”, “forecast objectivity”, and “innovation and independence”. This paper concludes that the comprehensive qualities of domestic securities analysts should be further enhanced.

Oncolytic herpes simplex virus (HSV) can replicate in and kill cancer cells without harming normal tissue. G47delta is a third-generation HSV vector. In this study, the therapeutic effects of G47delta on human nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) were determined in vitro and in vivo. The human NPC cell lines CNE-2 and SUNE-1, primary normal nasopharyngeal epithelial cells (NPECs), and immortalized nasopharyngeal cells NP-69 and NPEC2/Bmi1 were infected with G47delta at different multiplicities of infection (MOIs). The survival of infected cells was observed daily. Two subcutaneous models of NPC were established with CNE-2 and SUNE-1 in Balb/c nude mice. G47delta or virus buffer as control was injected into the subcutaneous tumors. Tumor size was measured twice a week, and animals were euthanized when the diameter of their tumors exceeded 18 mm or when the animals appeared moribund. For the NPC cell lines CNE-2 and SUNE-1, more than 85% and 95% of cells were killed on day 5 after G47delta infection at MOI = 0.01 and MOI = 0.1, respectively. Similar results were observed for an immortalized cell line NPEC2/Bmi-1. A moderate effect of G47delta was also found on another immortalized cell line NP-69, of which only 27.7% and 75.9% of cells were killed at MOI = 0.01 and MOI = 0.1, respectively. On the contrary, there was almost no effect observed on NPECs. The in vivo experiments showed that tumors in mice in the G47delta-treated group regressed completely, and the mice exhibited much longer survival time than those in the control groups. Our results suggest that the potential therapeutic effects of G47delta would be applicable for treatment of NPC patients in the future.

To investigate the expression of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epithelial growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) in breast cancer, and to explore their correlation with the age of patient, and size, clinic stage, and lymph node metastasis of the tumor.The data of 910 breast cancer, 89.4% of invasive ductal carcinoma, 1.7% of invasive lobular carcinoma, 44 cases 5% of ductal carcinoma in situ, and 4.9% of other pathologic types, 29.9% being less than 2 cm, 45.6% being 2-5 cm, and 24.5% bigger than 5 cm in size, 54.2% without metastasis in lymph node, 25.5% with metastasis in 1-3 lymph nodes, and 20.3% with metastasis in more than 3 lymph nodes respectively, were analyzed retrospectively. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of ER, PR, and HER2.The ER negative expression rate was 33.0%, and PR negative expression rate was 27.4%, and HER2 overexpression rate was 20.3%. The possibility of lymph node metastasis decreased along with the increase of age (P0.001). Tumor size was negatively correlated with the expression of ER and PR (both P0.001), and positively correlated with the expression of HER2 (P0.001). There was no significant difference between the situation of lymph node metastasis and the expression of ER, PR and HER2 in primary tumors.As good prognostic markers of breast invasive ductal cancer, ER and PR are negatively correlated with the HER2 expression, as a worse prognostic marker. ER/PR positive or HER2 negative tumors are morel likely to be diagnosed at earlier stages.

A structurally simple and easily synthesized anthracene derivative bearing a barbituric acid moiety (AnB) was developed as a novel fluorescent chemosensor for Hg2+ in terms of specific ratiometric fluorescence response to Hg2+ in aqueous solution via the formation of Hg2+–AnB coordination polymers.

A simple Schiff base, 2-(2',4'-dihydroxybenzylidene)aminobenzeneboronic acid, was found to show a fluorescence enhancement in the presence of hydroxylated organotins in aqueous solution.