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1. Crustal Thinning From Orogen to Back‐Arc Basin: The Structure of the Pannonian Basin Region Revealed by P ‐to‐ S Converted Seismic Waves

Author

Kalmar, Daniel, Hetényi, György, Balazs, Attila, Bondar, Istvan, Abreu, Rafael, Allegretti, Ivo, Apoloner, Maria-Theresia, Aubert, Coralie, Besançon, Simon, Bés de Berc, Maxime, Bianchi, Irene, Bokelmann, Götz, Brunel, Didier, Capello, Marco, Čarman, Martina, Cavaliere, Adriano, Chéze, Jérôme, Chiarabba, Claudio, Clinton, John, Cougoulat, Glenn, C. Crawford, Wayne, Cristiano, Luigia, Czifra, Tibor, D’Alema, Ezio, Danesi, Stefania, Daniel, Romuald, Dannowski, Anke, Dasović, Iva, Deschamps, Anne, Dessa, Jean-Xavier, Doubre, Cécile, Egdorf, Sven, Fiket, Tomislav, Fischer, Kasper, Friederich, Wolfgang, Fuchs, Florian, Funke, Sigward, Giardini, Domenico, Govoni, Aladino, Gráczer, Zoltán, Gröschl, Gidera, Heimers, Stefan, Heit, Ben, Herak, Davorka, Herak, Marijan, Huber, Johann, Jarić, Dejan, Jedlička, Petr, Jia, Yan, Jund, Hélène, Kissling, Edi, Klingen, Stefan, Klotz, Bernhard, Kolínský, Petr, Kopp, Heidrun, Korn, Michael, Kotek, Josef, Kühne, Lothar, Kuk, Krešo, Lange, Dietrich, Loos, Jürgen, Lovati, Sara, Malengros, Deny, Margheriti, Lucia, Maron, Christophe, Martin, Xavier, Massa, Marco, Mazzarini, Francesco, Meier, Thomas, Métral, Laurent, Molinari, Irene, Moretti, Milena, Nardi, Anna, Pahor, Jurij, Paul, Anne, Péquegnat, Catherine, Petersen, Daniel, Pesaresi, Damiano, Piccinini, Davide, Piromallo, Claudia, Plenefisch, Thomas, Plomerová, Jaroslava, Pondrelli, Silvia, Prevolnik, Snježan, Racine, Roman, Régnier, Marc, Reiss, Miriam, Ritter, Joachim, Rümpker, Georg, Salimbeni, Simone, Santulin, Marco, Scherer, Werner, Schippkus, Sven, Schulte-Kortnack, Detlef, Šipka, Vesna, Solarino, Stefano, Spallarossa, Daniele, Spieker, Kathrin, Stipčević, Josip, Strollo, Angelo, Süle, Bálint, Szanyi, Gyöngyvér, Szűcs, Eszter, Thomas, Christine, Thorwart, Martin, Tilmann, Frederik, Ueding, Stefan, Vallocchia, Massimiliano, Vecsey, Luděk, Voigt, René, Wassermann, Joachim, Wéber, Zoltán, Weidle, Christian, Wesztergom, Viktor, Weyland, Gauthier, Wiemer, Stefan, Wolf, Felix Noah, Wolyniec, David, Zieke, Thomas, Živčić, Mladen, and Žlebčíková, Helena

Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Thinning, Pannonian basin, 15. Life on land, Geodynamics, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Seismic wave, Geophysics, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, Geochemistry and Petrology, Back-arc basin, Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous), Geology, Seismology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

We present the results of P-to-S receiver function analysis to improve the 3D image of the sedimentary layer, the upper crust, and lower crust in the Pannonian Basin area. The Pannonian Basin hosts deep sedimentary depocentres superimposed on a complex basement structure and it is surrounded by mountain belts. We processed waveforms from 221 three-component broadband seismological stations. As a result of the dense station coverage, we were able to achieve so far unprecedented spatial resolution in determining the velocity structure of the crust. We applied a three-fold quality control process; the first two being applied to the observed waveforms and the third to the calculated radial receiver functions. This work is the first comprehensive receiver function study of the entire region. To prepare the inversions, we performed station-wise H-Vp/Vs grid search, as well as Common Conversion Point migration. Our main focus was then the S-wave velocity structure of the area, which we determined by the Neighborhood Algorithm inversion method at each station, where data were sub-divided into back-azimuthal bundles based on similar Ps delay times. The 1D, nonlinear inversions provided the depth of the discontinuities, shear-wave velocities and Vp/Vs ratios of each layer per bundle, and we calculated uncertainty values for each of these parameters. We then developed a 3D interpolation method based on natural neighbor interpolation to obtain the 3D crustal structure from the local inversion results. We present the sedimentary thickness map, the first Conrad depth map and an improved, detailed Moho map, as well as the first upper and lower crustal thickness maps obtained from receiver function analysis. The velocity jump across the Conrad discontinuity is estimated at less than 0.2 km/s over most of the investigated area. We also compare the new Moho map from our approach to simple grid search results and prior knowledge from other techniques. Our Moho depth map presents local variations in the investigated area: the crust-mantle boundary is at 20–26 km beneath the sedimentary basins, while it is situated deeper below the Apuseni Mountains, Transdanubian and North Hungarian Ranges (28–33 km), and it is the deepest beneath the Eastern Alps and the Southern Carpathians (40–45 km). These values reflect well the Neogene evolution of the region, such as crustal thinning of the Pannonian Basin and orogenic thickening in the neighboring mountain belts. ISSN:2169-9313 ISSN:0148-0227 ISSN:2169-9356

Published
2021
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2. Objektivita přírodních věd pohledem experimentální filosofie

Author

Jedlička, Petr and Paitlová, Jitka

Subjects
„východní efekt“, experimentální filozofie, lcsh:Philosophy (General), “Eastern effect”, special & general objectivity, bjektivita přírodních věd, speciální a obecná objektivita, „východní efekt“, experimental philosophy, objektivita přírodních věd, History and Philosophy of Science, objectivity in the natural sciences, lcsh:B1-5802, experimentální filosofie
Abstract

Objektivita, jako jeden ze základních atributů vědy, se stala nedílnou součástí jejího étosu i ústředním tématem filosofie vědy a jako taková byla reflektována řadou významných autorů. V rámci projektu, na němž participují jak filosofové vědy, tak vědci, zkoumáme pomocí metod experimentální filosofie koncept objektivity v současných přírodních vědách. Jedním z cílů je identifikace jednotlivých dimenzí tohoto konceptu, tedy těch, s nimiž současní vědci skutečně pracují, a tím jejich zpřístupnění pro další teoretické analýzy i výzkum. V tomto příspěvku předkládáme závěry z první, kvalitativní fáze výzkumu vycházející z individuálních i skupinových rozhovorů s vědci působícími v České republice. Tento empirický materiál konfrontujeme s některými teoretickými koncepty objektivity (Hacking, Crombie, Solomonová, Popper, Galison, Dastonová, Quine, Kuhn a další). Zároveň zde uvádíme řadu konkrétních poznatků ze současné české vědy a formulujeme hypotézy pro další (tj. kvantitativní a experimentální) fáze výzkumu. Objectivity, as one of the key attributes of science, has become an indispensable part of its ethos and a central theme of the philosophy of science. As such, it has been the subject of philosophical reflection by a number of authors. In our project – in which both philosophers of science and scientists participate – we examine the concept of objectivity in the natural sciences with experimental philosophy tools. We aim to identify specific operational dimensions of objectivity, those with which current scientist actually work, thus making them accessible for further theoretical analysis and research. In this text, we present results from the first, qualitative phase of our research based on in-depth interviews and focus groups with scientists working in the Czech Republic. Further, we confront this empirical data with the theoretical notions of objectivity (Hacking, Crombie, Solomon, Popper, Galison, Daston, Quine, Kuhn and others). We also present other findings from the research and formulate hypotheses for later phases of the research (quantitative and experimental).

Published
2019

3. Seismicity and seismotectonics of the Albstadt Shear Zone in the northern Alpine foreland

Author

Mader, Sarah, Ritter, Joachim R. R., Reicherter, Klaus, Bokelmann, Götz, Hetényi, György, Abreu, Rafael, Allegretti, Ivo, Apoloner, Maria-Theresia, Aubert, Coralie, Besançon, Simon, Bés de Berc, Maxime, Brunel, Didier, Capello, Marco, Čarman, Martina, Cavaliere, Adriano, Chéze, Jérôme, Chiarabba, Claudio, Clinton, John, Cougoulat, Glenn, C. Crawford, Wayne, Cristiano, Luigia, Czifra, Tibor, D’Alema, Ezio, Danesi, Stefania, Daniel, Romuald, Dannowski, Anke, Dasović, Iva, Deschamps, Anne, Dessa, Jean-Xavier, Doubre, Cécile, Egdorf, Sven, Fiket, Tomislav, Fischer, Kasper, Friederich, Wolfgang, Fuchs, Florian, Funke, Sigward, Giardini, Domenico, Govoni, Aladino, Gráczer, Zoltán, Gröschl, Gidera, Heimers, Stefan, Heit, Ben, Herak, Davorka, Herak, Marijan, Huber, Johann, Jarić, Dejan, Jedlička, Petr, Jia, Yan, Jund, Hélène, Kissling, Edi, Klingen, Stefan, Klotz, Bernhard, Kolínský, Petr, Kopp, Heidrun, Korn, Michael, Kotek, Josef, Kühne, Lothar, Kuk, Krešo, Lange, Dietrich, Loos, Jürgen, Lovati, Sara, Malengros, Deny, Margheriti, Lucia, Maron, Christophe, Martin, Xavier, Massa, Marco, Mazzarini, Francesco, Meier, Thomas, Métral, Laurent, Molinari, Irene, Moretti, Milena, Nardi, Anna, Pahor, Jurij, Paul, Anne, Péquegnat, Catherine, Petersen, Daniel, Pesaresi, Damiano, Piccinini, Davide, Piromallo, Claudia, Plenefisch, Thomas, Plomerová, Jaroslava, Pondrelli, Silvia, Prevolnik, Snježan, Racine, Roman, Régnier, Marc, Reiss, Miriam, Ritter, Joachim, Rümpker, Georg, Salimbeni, Simone, Santulin, Marco, Scherer, Werner, Schippkus, Sven, Schulte-Kortnack, Detlef, Šipka, Vesna, Solarino, Stefano, Spallarossa, Daniele, Spieker, Kathrin, Stipčević, Josip, Strollo, Angelo, Süle, Bálint, Szanyi, Gyöngyvér, Szűcs, Eszter, Thomas, Christine, Thorwart, Martin, Tilmann, Frederik, Ueding, Stefan, Vallocchia, Massimiliano, Vecsey, Luděk, Voigt, René, Wassermann, Joachim, Wéber, Zoltán, Weidle, Christian, Wesztergom, Viktor, Weyland, Gauthier, Wiemer, Stefan, Wolf, Felix Noah, Wolyniec, David, Zieke, Thomas, Živčić, Mladen, and Žlebčíková, Helena

Abstract

The region around the town Albstadt, SW Germany, was struck by four damaging earthquakes with magnitudes greater than 5 during the last century. These earthquakes occurred along the Albstadt Shear Zone (ASZ), which is characterized by more or less continuous microseismicity. As there are no visible surface ruptures that may be connected to the fault zone, we study its characteristics by its seismicity distribution and faulting pattern. We use the earthquake data of the state earthquake service of Baden-Württemberg from 2011 to 2018 and complement it with additional phase picks beginning in 2016 at the AlpArray and StressTransfer seismic networks in the vicinity of the ASZ. This extended data set is used to determine new minimum 1-D seismic vp and vs velocity models and corresponding station delay times for earthquake relocation. Fault plane solutions are determined for selected events, and the principal stress directions are derived. The minimum 1-D seismic velocity models have a simple and stable layering with increasing velocity with depth in the upper crust. The corresponding station delay times can be explained well by the lateral depth variation of the crystalline basement. The relocated events align about north–south with most of the seismic activity between the towns of Tübingen and Albstadt, east of the 9∘ E meridian. The events can be separated into several subclusters that indicate a segmentation of the ASZ. The majority of the 25 determined fault plane solutions feature an NNE–SSW strike but NNW–SSE-striking fault planes are also observed. The main fault plane associated with the ASZ dips steeply, and the rake indicates mainly sinistral strike-slip, but we also find minor components of normal and reverse faulting. The determined direction of the maximum horizontal stress of 140–149∘ is in good agreement with prior studies. Down to ca. 7–8 km depth SHmax is bigger than SV; below this depth, SV is the main stress component. The direction of SHmax indicates that the stress field in the area of the ASZ is mainly generated by the regional plate driving forces and the Alpine topography.

Published
2021
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4. Transversely isotropic lower crust of Variscan central Europe imaged by ambient noise tomography of the Bohemian Massif

Author

Kvapil, J., Plomerova, J., Kampfova Exnerova, H., Babuska, V., Hetenyi, G., Abreu , Rafael, Allegretti, Ivo, Apoloner, Maria-Theresia, Aubert, Coralie, Besançon, Simon, Bés de Berc, Maxime, Bokelmann, Götz, Brunel, Didier, Capello, Marco, Čarman, Martina, Cavaliere, Adriano, Chéze, Jérôme, Chiarabba, Claudio, Clinton, John, Cougoulat, Glenn, C. Crawford, Wayne, Cristiano, Luigia, Czifra, Tibor, D’Alema, Ezio, Danesi, Stefania, Daniel, Romuald, Dannowski, Anke, Dasović, Iva, Deschamps, Anne, Dessa, Jean-Xavier, Doubre, Cécile, Egdorf, Sven, Fiket, Tomislav, Fischer, Kasper, Friederich, Wolfgang, Fuchs, Florian, Funke, Sigward, Giardini, Domenico, Govoni, Aladino, Gráczer, Zoltán, Gröschl, Gidera, Heimers, Stefan, Heit, Ben, Herak, Davorka, Herak, Marijan, Huber, Johann, Jarić, Dejan, Jedlička, Petr, Jia, Yan, Jund, Hélène, Kissling, Edi, Klingen, Stefan, Klotz, Bernhard, Kolínský, Petr, Kopp, Heidrun, Korn, Michael, Kotek, Josef, Kühne, Lothar, Kuk, Krešo, Lange, Dietrich, Loos, Jürgen, Lovati, Sara, Malengros, Deny, Margheriti, Lucia, Maron, Christophe, Martin, Xavier, Massa, Marco, Mazzarini, Francesco, Meier, Thomas, Métral, Laurent, Molinari, Irene, Moretti, Milena, Nardi, Anna, Pahor, Jurij, Paul, Anne, Péquegnat, Catherine, Petersen, Daniel, Pesaresi, Damiano, Piccinini, Davide, Piromallo, Claudia, Plenefisch, Thomas, Pondrelli, Silvia, Prevolnik, Snježan, Racine, Roman, Régnier, Marc, Reiss, Miriam, Ritter, Joachim, Rümpker, Georg, Salimbeni, Simone, Santulin, Marco, Scherer, Werner, Schippkus, Sven, Schulte-Kortnack, Detlef, Šipka, Vesna, Solarino, Stefano, Spallarossa, Daniele, Spieker, Kathrin, Stipčević, Josip, Strollo, Angelo, Süle, Bálint, Szanyi, Gyöngyvér, Szűcs, Eszter, Thomas, Christine, Thorwart, Martin, Tilmann, Frederik, Ueding, Stefan, Vallocchia, Massimiliano, Vecsey, Luděk, Voigt, René, Wassermann, Joachim, Wéber, Zoltán, Weidle, Christian, Wesztergom, Viktor, Weyland, Gauthier, Wiemer, Stefan, Wolf, Felix Noah, Wolyniec, David, Zieke, Thomas, Živčić, Mladen, and Žlebčíková, Helena

Subjects
geography, QE1-996.5, geography.geographical_feature_category, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Subduction, Pluton, Stratigraphy, Paleontology, Soil Science, Crust, Geology, Massif, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Mantle (geology), QE640-699, Geophysics, Shear (geology), Geochemistry and Petrology, Lithosphere, Passive seismic, Petrology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Earth-Surface Processes
Abstract

The recent development of ambient noise tomography, in combination with the increasing number of permanent seismic stations and dense networks of temporary stations operated during passive seismic experiments, provides a unique opportunity to build the first high-resolution 3-D shear wave velocity (vS) model of the entire crust of the Bohemian Massif (BM). This paper provides a regional-scale model of velocity distribution in the BM crust. The velocity model with a cell size of 22 km is built using a conventional two-step inversion approach from Rayleigh wave group velocity dispersion curves measured at more than 400 stations. The shear velocities within the upper crust of the BM are ∼0.2 km s−1 higher than those in its surroundings. The highest crustal velocities appear in its southern part, the Moldanubian unit. The Cadomian part of the region has a thinner crust, whereas the crust assembled, or tectonically transformed in the Variscan period, is thicker. The sharp Moho discontinuity preserves traces of its dynamic development expressed in remnants of Variscan subductions imprinted in bands of crustal thickening. A significant feature of the presented model is the velocity-drop interface (VDI) modelled in the lower part of the crust. We explain this feature by the anisotropic fabric of the lower crust, which is characterised as vertical transverse isotropy with the low velocity being the symmetry axis. The VDI is often interrupted around the boundaries of the crustal units, usually above locally increased velocities in the lowermost crust. Due to the north-west–south-east shortening of the crust and the late-Variscan strike-slip movements along the north-east–south-west oriented sutures preserved in the BM lithosphere, the anisotropic fabric of the lower crust was partly or fully erased along the boundaries of original microplates. These weakened zones accompanied by a velocity increase above the Moho (which indicate an emplacement of mantle rocks into the lower crust) can represent channels through which portions of subducted and later molten rocks have percolated upwards providing magma to subsequently form granitoid plutons.

Published
2021

5. High-Resolution Crustal S-wave Velocity Model and Moho Geometry Beneath the Southeastern Alps: New Insights From the SWATH-D Experiment

Author

Sadeghi-Bagherabadi, Amir, Vuan, Alessandro, Aoudia, Abdelkrim, Parolai, Stefano, Hetényi, György, Abreu, Rafael, Allegretti, Ivo, Apoloner, Maria-Theresia, Aubert, Coralie, Besançon, Simon, Bés de Berc, Maxime, Bokelmann, Götz, Brunel, Didier, Capello, Marco, Čarman, Martina, Cavaliere, Adriano, Chéze, Jérôme, Chiarabba, Claudio, Clinton, John, Cougoulat, Glenn, C. Crawford, Wayne, Cristiano, Luigia, Czifra, Tibor, D’Alema, Ezio, Danesi, Stefania, Daniel, Romuald, Dannowski, Anke, Dasović, Iva, Deschamps, Anne, Dessa, Jean-Xavier, Doubre, Cécile, Egdorf, Sven, Fiket, Tomislav, Fischer, Kasper, Friederich, Wolfgang, Fuchs, Florian, Funke, Sigward, Giardini, Domenico, Govoni, Aladino, Gráczer, Zoltán, Gröschl, Gidera, Heimers, Stefan, Heit, Ben, Herak, Davorka, Herak, Marijan, Huber, Johann, Jarić, Dejan, Jedlička, Petr, Jia, Yan, Jund, Hélène, Kissling, Edi, Klingen, Stefan, Klotz, Bernhard, Kolínský, Petr, Kopp, Heidrun, Korn, Michael, Kotek, Josef, Kühne, Lothar, Kuk, Krešo, Lange, Dietrich, Loos, Jürgen, Lovati, Sara, Malengros, Deny, Margheriti, Lucia, Maron, Christophe, Martin, Xavier, Massa, Marco, Mazzarini, Francesco, Meier, Thomas, Métral, Laurent, Molinari, Irene, Moretti, Milena, Nardi, Anna, Pahor, Jurij, Paul, Anne, Péquegnat, Catherine, Petersen, Daniel, Pesaresi, Damiano, Piccinini, Davide, Piromallo, Claudia, Plenefisch, Thomas, Plomerová, Jaroslava, Pondrelli, Silvia, Prevolnik, Snježan, Racine, Roman, Régnier, Marc, Reiss, Miriam, Ritter, Joachim, Rümpker, Georg, Salimbeni, Simone, Santulin, Marco, Scherer, Werner, Schippkus, Sven, Schulte-Kortnack, Detlef, Šipka, Vesna, Solarino, Stefano, Spallarossa, Daniele, Spieker, Kathrin, Stipčević, Josip, Strollo, Angelo, Süle, Bálint, Szanyi, Gyöngyvér, Szűcs, Eszter, Thomas, Christine, Thorwart, Martin, Tilmann, Frederik, Ueding, Stefan, Vallocchia, Massimiliano, Vecsey, Luděk, Voigt, René, Wassermann, Joachim, Wéber, Zoltán, Weidle, Christian, Wesztergom, Viktor, Weyland, Gauthier, Wiemer, Stefan, Wolf, Felix Noah, Wolyniec, David, Zieke, Thomas, Živčić, Mladen, Žlebčíková, Helena, Hein , Gerrit, Bianchi, Irene, Sadeghi-Bagherabadi, A, Vuan, A, Aoudia, A, and Parolai, S

Subjects
Friuli plain, external Dinaride, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Eastern Alps, Outcrop, external Dinarides, Po plain, Fault (geology), 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Eastern Alp, ambient noise tomography, Moho, basement, phase velocity, Dispersion (water waves), lcsh:Science, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Crust, Basement (geology), 13. Climate action, Surface wave, Magmatism, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, lcsh:Q, Phase velocity, Geology, Seismology
Abstract

We compiled a dataset of continuous recordings from the temporary and permanent seismic networks to compute the high-resolution 3D S-wave velocity model of the Southeastern Alps, the western part of the external Dinarides, and the Friuli and Venetian plains through ambient noise tomography. Part of the dataset is recorded by the SWATH-D temporary network and permanent networks in Italy, Austria, Slovenia and Croatia between October 2017 and July 2018. We computed 4050 vertical component cross-correlations to obtain the empirical Rayleigh wave Green’s functions. The dataset is complemented by adopting 1804 high-quality correlograms from other studies. The fast-marching method for 2D surface wave tomography is applied to the phase velocity dispersion curves in the 2–30 s period band. The resulting local dispersion curves are inverted for 1D S-wave velocity profiles using the non-perturbational and perturbational inversion methods. We assembled the 1D S-wave velocity profiles into a pseudo-3D S-wave velocity model from the surface down to 60 km depth. A range of iso-velocities, representing the crystalline basement depth and the crustal thickness, are determined. We found the average depth over the 2.8–3.0 and 4.1–4.3 km/s iso-velocity ranges to be reasonable representations of the crystalline basement and Moho depths, respectively. The basement depth map shows that the shallower crystalline basement beneath the Schio-Vicenza fault highlights the boundary between the deeper Venetian and Friuli plains to the east and the Po-plain to the west. The estimated Moho depth map displays a thickened crust along the boundary between the Friuli plain and the external Dinarides. It also reveals a N-S narrow corridor of crustal thinning to the east of the junction of Giudicarie and Periadriatic lines, which was not reported by other seismic imaging studies. This corridor of shallower Moho is located beneath the surface outcrop of the Permian magmatic rocks and seems to be connected to the continuation of the Permian magmatism to the deep-seated crust. We compared the shallow crustal velocities and the hypocentral location of the earthquakes in the Southern foothills of the Alps. It revealed that the seismicity mainly occurs in the S-wave velocity range between ∼3.1 and ∼3.6 km/s.

Published
2021
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6. Evidence for radial anisotropy in the lower crust of the Apennines from Bayesian ambient noise tomography in Europe

Author

Alder, C., Debayle, E., Bodin, T., Paul, A., Stehly, L., Pedersen, H., Allegretti, Ivo, Apoloner, Maria-Theresia, Aubert, Coralie, Besançon, Simon, Bés de Berc, Maxime, Abreu, Rafael, Brunel, Didier, Capello, Marco, Čarman, Martina, Cavaliere, Adriano, Chéze, Jérôme, Chiarabba, Claudio, Clinton, John, Cougoulat, Glenn, C. Crawford, Wayne, Cristiano, Luigia, Czifra, Tibor, D’Alema, Ezio, Danesi, Stefania, Daniel, Romuald, Dannowski, Anke, Dasović, Iva, Deschamps, Anne, Dessa, Jean-Xavier, Doubre, Cécile, Egdorf, Sven, Fiket, Tomislav, Fischer, Kasper, Friederich, Wolfgang, Fuchs, Florian, Funke, Sigward, Giardini, Domenico, Govoni, Aladino, Gráczer, Zoltán, Gröschl, Gidera, Heimers, Stefan, Heit, Ben, Herak, Davorka, Herak, Marijan, Huber, Johann, Jarić, Dejan, Jedlička, Petr, Jia, Yan, Jund, Hélène, Kissling, Edi, Klingen, Stefan, Klotz, Bernhard, Kolínský, Petr, Kopp, Heidrun, Korn, Michael, Kotek, Josef, Kühne, Lothar, Kuk, Krešo, Lange, Dietrich, Loos, Jürgen, Lovati, Sara, Malengros, Deny, Margheriti, Lucia, Maron, Christophe, Martin, Xavier, Massa, Marco, Mazzarini, Francesco, Meier, Thomas, Métral, Laurent, Molinari, Irene, Moretti, Milena, Nardi, Anna, Pahor, Jurij, Paul, Anne, Péquegnat, Catherine, Petersen, Daniel, Pesaresi, Damiano, Piccinini, Davide, Piromallo, Claudia, Plenefisch, Thomas, Plomerová, Jaroslava, Pondrelli, Silvia, Prevolnik, Snježan, Racine, Roman, Régnier, Marc, Reiss, Miriam, Ritter, Joachim, Rümpker, Georg, Salimbeni, Simone, Santulin, Marco, Scherer, Werner, Schippkus, Sven, Schulte-Kortnack, Detlef, Šipka, Vesna, Solarino, Stefano, Spallarossa, Daniele, Spieker, Kathrin, Stipčević, Josip, Strollo, Angelo, Süle, Bálint, Szanyi, Gyöngyvér, Szűcs, Eszter, Thomas, Christine, Thorwart, Martin, Tilmann, Frederik, Ueding, Stefan, Vallocchia, Massimiliano, Vecsey, Luděk, Voigt, René, Wassermann, Joachim, Wéber, Zoltán, Weidle, Christian, Wesztergom, Viktor, Weyland, Gauthier, Wiemer, Stefan, Wolf, Felix Noah, Wolyniec, David, Zieke, Thomas, Živčić, Mladen, Žlebčíková, Helena, Hein, Gerrit, Bianchi, Irene, Bokelmann, Götz, Hetényi, György, Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement [Lyon] (LGL-TPE), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut des Sciences de la Terre (ISTerre), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Gustave Eiffel-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), ANR-15-CE31-0015,AlpArray-FR,Voir et comprendre les Alpes en 3D, de la croûte au manteau(2015), Université de Lyon, Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement (LGL-TPE), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)

Subjects
Seismic anisotropy, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Seismic noise, [SDU.STU.GP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], Bayesian probability, Ambient noise level, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Physics::Geophysics, Geochemistry and Petrology, Anisotropy, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Seismic tomography, Crust, Europe, Geophysics, 13. Climate action, Tomography, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Surface waves and free oscillations, Seismology, Geology
Abstract

SUMMARYProbing seismic anisotropy of the lithosphere provides valuable clues on the fabric of rocks. We present a 3-D probabilistic model of shear wave velocity and radial anisotropy of the crust and uppermost mantle of Europe, focusing on the mountain belts of the Alps and Apennines. The model is built from Love and Rayleigh dispersion curves in the period range 5–149 s. Data are extracted from seismic ambient noise recorded at 1521 broad-band stations, including the AlpArray network. The dispersion curves are first combined in a linearized least squares inversion to obtain 2-D maps of group velocity at each period. Love and Rayleigh maps are then jointly inverted at depth for shear wave velocity and radial anisotropy using a Bayesian Monte Carlo scheme that accounts for the trade-off between radial anisotropy and horizontal layering. The isotropic part of our model is consistent with previous studies. However, our anisotropy maps differ from previous large scale studies that suggested the presence of significant radial anisotropy everywhere in the European crust and shallow upper mantle. We observe instead that radial anisotropy is mostly localized beneath the Apennines while most of the remaining European crust and shallow upper mantle is isotropic. We attribute this difference to trade-offs between radial anisotropy and thin (hectometric) layering in previous studies based on least-squares inversions and long period data (>30 s). In contrast, our approach involves a massive data set of short period measurements and a Bayesian inversion that accounts for thin layering. The positive radial anisotropy (VSH > VSV) observed in the lower crust of the Apennines cannot result from thin layering. We rather attribute it to ductile horizontal flow in response to the recent and present-day extension in the region.

Published
2021
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7. Shear wave splitting in the Alpine region

Author

Hein, Gerrit, Kolínský, Petr, Bianchi, Irene, Bokelmann, Götz, Hetényi, György, Abreu, Rafael, Allegretti, Ivo, Apoloner, Maria-Theresia, Aubert, Coralie, Besançon, Simon, Bés de Berc, Maxime, Brunel, Didier, Capello, Marco, Čarman, Martina, Cavaliere, Adriano, Chéze, Jérôme, Chiarabba, Claudio, Clinton, John, Cougoulat, Glenn, C. Crawford, Wayne, Cristiano, Luigia, Czifra, Tibor, D’Alema, Ezio, Danesi, Stefania, Daniel, Romuald, Dannowski, Anke, Dasović, Iva, Deschamps, Anne, Dessa, Jean-Xavier, Doubre, Cécile, Egdorf, Sven, Fiket, Tomislav, Fischer, Kasper, Friederich, Wolfgang, Fuchs, Florian, Funke, Sigward, Giardini, Domenico, Govoni, Aladino, Gráczer, Zoltán, Gröschl, Gidera, Heimers, Stefan, Heit, Ben, Herak, Davorka, Herak, Marijan, Huber, Johann, Jarić, Dejan, Jedlička, Petr, Jia, Yan, Jund, Hélène, Kissling, Edi, Klingen, Stefan, Klotz, Bernhard, Kopp, Heidrun, Korn, Michael, Kotek, Josef, Kühne, Lothar, Kuk, Krešo, Lange, Dietrich, Loos, Jürgen, Lovati, Sara, Malengros, Deny, Margheriti, Lucia, Maron, Christophe, Martin, Xavier, Massa, Marco, Mazzarini, Francesco, Meier, Thomas, Métral, Laurent, Molinari, Irene, Moretti, Milena, Nardi, Anna, Pahor, Jurij, Paul, Anne, Péquegnat, Catherine, Petersen, Daniel, Pesaresi, Damiano, Piccinini, Davide, Piromallo, Claudia, Plenefisch, Thomas, Plomerová, Jaroslava, Pondrelli, Silvia, Prevolnik, Snježan, Racine, Roman, Régnier, Marc, Reiss, Miriam, Ritter, Joachim, Rümpker, Georg, Salimbeni, Simone, Santulin, Marco, Scherer, Werner, Schippkus, Sven, Schulte-Kortnack, Detlef, Šipka, Vesna, Solarino, Stefano, Spallarossa, Daniele, Spieker, Kathrin, Stipčević, Josip, Strollo, Angelo, Süle, Bálint, Szanyi, Gyöngyvér, Szűcs, Eszter, Thomas, Christine, Thorwart, Martin, Tilmann, Frederik, Ueding, Stefan, Vallocchia, Massimiliano, Vecsey, Luděk, Voigt, René, Wassermann, Joachim, Wéber, Zoltán, Weidle, Christian, Wesztergom, Viktor, Weyland, Gauthier, Wiemer, Stefan, Wolf, Felix Noah, Wolyniec, David, Zieke, Thomas, Živčić, Mladen, and Žlebčíková, Helena

Subjects
Europe, Body waves, Geophysics, Dynamics of lithosphere and mantle, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Geochemistry and Petrology, Shear wave splitting, Geometry, Seismic anisotropy, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Geology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

SUMMARYTo constrain seismic anisotropy under and around the Alps in Europe, we study SKS shear wave splitting from the region densely covered by the AlpArray seismic network. We apply a technique based on measuring the splitting intensity, constraining well both the fast orientation and the splitting delay. Four years of teleseismic earthquake data were processed, from 723 temporary and permanent broad-band stations of the AlpArray deployment including ocean-bottom seismometers, providing a spatial coverage that is unprecedented. The technique is applied automatically (without human intervention), and it thus provides a reproducible image of anisotropic structure in and around the Alpine region. As in earlier studies, we observe a coherent rotation of fast axes in the western part of the Alpine chain, and a region of homogeneous fast orientation in the Central Alps. The spatial variation of splitting delay times is particularly interesting though. On one hand, there is a clear positive correlation with Alpine topography, suggesting that part of the seismic anisotropy (deformation) is caused by the Alpine orogeny. On the other hand, anisotropic strength around the mountain chain shows a distinct contrast between the Western and Eastern Alps. This difference is best explained by the more active mantle flow around the Western Alps. The new observational constraints, especially the splitting delay, provide new information on Alpine geodynamics.

Published
2021
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8. VHDL-based Implementation Of NTT On FPGA

Author

Jedlička, Petr

Subjects
NTT, VHDL, Montgomery reduction, FPGA, Dilithium
Abstract

This paper is focused on the effective hardware-accelerated implementation of NTT (NumberTheoretic Transform) and inverse NTT (NTT-1) on FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array).The discussed implementation is intended for the use in the lattice-based cryptography schemes, e.g.CRYSTALS-Dilithium digital signature scheme which is one of the finalists of the third round in thepost-quantum standardization process under the auspices of NIST (The National Institute of Standardsand Technology). The implementation of NTT (NTT-1) requires 1798 (2547) Look-Up Tables(LUTs), 2532 (3889) Flip-Flops (FFs) and 48 (84) Digital Signal Processing blocks (DSPs). The latencyof the design is 502 (517) clock cycles at the frequency 637 MHz on Xilinx Virtex UltraScale+architecture which makes the presented implementation to be currently the fastest one. Regarding theinverse NTT, this is the first implementation at all.

Published
2021
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9. Seismicity and seismotectonics of the Albstadt Shear Zone in the northern Alpine foreland

Author

Mader, Sarah, Ritter, Joachim R. R., Reicherter, Klaus, Hetényi, György, Abreu, Rafael, Allegretti, Ivo, Apoloner, Maria-Theresia, Aubert, Coralie, Besançon, Simon, de Berc, Maxime Bès, Bokelmann, Götz, Brunel, Didier, Capello, Marco, Čarman, Martina, Cavaliere, Adriano, Chèze, Jérôme, Chiarabba, Claudio, Clinton, John, Cougoulat, Glenn, Crawford, Wayne C., Cristiano, Luigia, Czifra, Tibor, D'alema, Ezio, Danesi, Stefania, Daniel, Romuald, Dannowski, Anke, Dasović, Iva, Deschamps, Anne, Dessa, Jean-Xavier, Doubre, Cécile, Egdorf, Sven, Fiket, Tomislav, Fischer, Kasper, Friederich, Wolfgang, Fuchs, Florian, Funke, Sigward, Giardini, Domenico, Govoni, Aladino, Gráczer, Zoltán, Gröschl, Gidera, Heimers, Stefan, Heit, Ben, Herak, Davorka, Herak, Marijan, Huber, Johann, Jarić, Dejan, Jedlička, Petr, Jia, Yan, Jund, Hélène, Kissling, Edi, Klingen, Stefan, Klotz, Bernhard, Kolínský, Petr, Kopp, Heidrun, Korn, Michael, Kotek, Josef, Kühne, Lothar, Kuk, Krešo, Lange, Dietrich, Loos, Jürgen, Lovati, Sara, Malengros, Deny, Margheriti, Lucia, Maron, Christophe, Martin, Xavier, Massa, Marco, Mazzarini, Francesco, Meier, Thomas, Métral, Laurent, Molinari, Irene, Moretti, Milena, Nardi, Anna, Pahor, Jurij, Paul, Anne, Péquegnat, Catherine, Petersen, Daniel, Pesaresi, Damiano, Piccinini, Davide, Piromallo, Claudia, Plenefisch, Thomas, Plomerová, Jaroslava, Pondrelli, Silvia, Prevolnik, Snježan, Racine, Roman, Régnier, Marc, Reiss, Miriam, Ritter, Joachim, Rümpker, Georg, Salimbeni, Simone, Santulin, Marco, Scherer, Werner, Schippkus, Sven, Schulte-Kortnack, Detlef, Šipka, Vesna, Solarino, Stefano, Spallarossa, Daniele, Spieker, Kathrin, Stipčević, Josip, Strollo, Angelo, Süle, Bálint, Szanyi, Gyöngyvér, Szücs, Eszter, Thomas, Christine, Thorwart, Martin, Tilmann, Frederik, Ueding, Stefan, Vallocchia, Massimiliano, Vecsey, Luděk, Voigt, René, Wassermann, Joachim, Wéber, Zoltán, Weidle, Christian, Wesztergom, Viktor, Weyland, Gauthier, Wiemer, Stefan, Wolf, Felix, Wolyniec, David, Zieke, Thomas, Živčić, Mladen, and Žlebčíková, Helena

Abstract

Solid earth : SE 12(6), 1389-1409 (2021). doi:10.5194/se-12-1389-2021 special issue: "New insights into the tectonic evolution of the Alps and the adjacent orogens / Editor(s): Emanuel Kästle, Mark Handy, Giancarlo Molli, Anne Paul, Claudia Piromallo, Christian Sue, Mirijam Vrabec, and CharLotte Krawczyk", Published by Copernicus Publ., Göttingen

Published
2021
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10. Seismicity and seismotectonics of the Albstadt Shear Zone in the northern Alpine foreland

Author

Mader, Sarah, Ritter, Joachim R. R., de Berc, Maxime Bès, Strollo, Angelo, Süle, Bálint, Szanyi, Gyöngyvér, Szücs, Eszter, Thomas, Christine, Thorwart, Martin, Tilmann, Frederik, Ueding, Stefan, Vallocchia, Massimiliano, Vecsey, Luděk, Bokelmann, Götz, Voigt, René, Wassermann, Joachim, Wéber, Zoltán, Weidle, Christian, Wesztergom, Viktor, Weyland, Gauthier, Wiemer, Stefan, Wolf, Felix, Wolyniec, David, Zieke, Thomas, Brunel, Didier, Živčić, Mladen, Žlebčíková, Helena, Capello, Marco, Čarman, Martina, Cavaliere, Adriano, Chèze, Jérôme, Chiarabba, Claudio, Clinton, John, Cougoulat, Glenn, Reicherter, Klaus, Crawford, Wayne C., Cristiano, Luigia, Czifra, Tibor, D'alema, Ezio, Danesi, Stefania, Daniel, Romuald, Dannowski, Anke, Dasović, Iva, Deschamps, Anne, Dessa, Jean-Xavier, AlpArray Working Group, Doubre, Cécile, Egdorf, Sven, ETHZ-SED Electronics Lab, Fiket, Tomislav, Fischer, Kasper, Friederich, Wolfgang, Fuchs, Florian, Funke, Sigward, Giardini, Domenico, Govoni, Aladino, Hetényi, György, Gráczer, Zoltán, Gröschl, Gidera, Heimers, Stefan, Heit, Ben, Herak, Davorka, Herak, Marijan, Huber, Johann, Jarić, Dejan, Jedlička, Petr, Jia, Yan, Abreu, Rafael, Jund, Hélène, Kissling, Edi, Klingen, Stefan, Klotz, Bernhard, Kolínský, Petr, Kopp, Heidrun, Korn, Michael, Kotek, Josef, Kühne, Lothar, Kuk, Krešo, Allegretti, Ivo, Lange, Dietrich, Loos, Jürgen, Lovati, Sara, Malengros, Deny, Margheriti, Lucia, Maron, Christophe, Martin, Xavier, Massa, Marco, Mazzarini, Francesco, Meier, Thomas, Apoloner, Maria-Theresia, Métral, Laurent, Molinari, Irene, Moretti, Milena, Nardi, Anna, Pahor, Jurij, Paul, Anne, Péquegnat, Catherine, Petersen, Daniel, Pesaresi, Damiano, Piccinini, Davide, Aubert, Coralie, Piromallo, Claudia, Plenefisch, Thomas, Plomerová, Jaroslava, Pondrelli, Silvia, Prevolnik, Snježan, Racine, Roman, Régnier, Marc, Reiss, Miriam, Ritter, Joachim, Rümpker, Georg, Besançon, Simon, Salimbeni, Simone, Santulin, Marco, Scherer, Werner, Schippkus, Sven, Schulte-Kortnack, Detlef, Šipka, Vesna, Solarino, Stefano, Spallarossa, Daniele, Spieker, Kathrin, and Stipčević, Josip

Subjects
ddc:550
Published
2021
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11. Relocation of earthquakes in the Southern and Eastern Alps (Austria, Italy) recorded by the dense, temporary SWATH–D network using a Markov chain Monte Carlo inversion

Author

Jozi Najafabadi, A., Haberland, Christian, Ryberg, Trond, Verwater, V. F., Le Breton, E., Handy, M. R., Weber, Michael, Apoloner, Maria-Theresia, Aubert, Coralie, Besançon, Simon, Bés de Berc, Maxime, Bokelmann, Götz, Brunel, Didier, Capello, Marco, Čarman, Martina, Cavaliere, Adriano, Chéze, Jérôme, Chiarabba, Claudio, Clinton, John, Cougoulat, Glenn, C. Crawford, Wayne, Cristiano, Luigia, Czifra, Tibor, D’Alema, Ezio, Danesi, Stefania, Daniel, Romuald, Dannowski, Anke, Dasović, Iva, Deschamps, Anne, Dessa, Jean-Xavier, Doubre, Cécile, Egdorf, Sven, Fiket, Tomislav, Fischer, Kasper, Friederich, Wolfgang, Fuchs, Florian, Funke, Sigward, Giardini, Domenico, Govoni, Aladino, Gráczer, Zoltán, Gröschl, Gidera, Heimers, Stefan, Heit, Ben, Herak, Davorka, Herak, Marijan, Huber, Johann, Jarić, Dejan, Jedlička, Petr, Jia, Yan, Jund, Hélène, Kissling, Edi, Klingen, Stefan, Klotz, Bernhard, Kolínský, Petr, Kopp, Heidrun, Korn, Michael, Kotek, Josef, Kühne, Lothar, Kuk, Krešo, Lange, Dietrich, Loos, Jürgen, Lovati, Sara, Malengros, Deny, Margheriti, Lucia, Maron, Christophe, Martin, Xavier, Massa, Marco, Mazzarini, Francesco, Meier, Thomas, Métral, Laurent, Molinari, Irene, Moretti, Milena, Nardi, Anna, Pahor, Jurij, Paul, Anne, Péquegnat, Catherine, Petersen, Daniel, Pesaresi, Damiano, Piccinini, Davide, Piromallo, Claudia, Plenefisch, Thomas, Plomerová, Jaroslava, Pondrelli, Silvia, Prevolnik, Snježan, Racine, Roman, Régnier, Marc, Reiss, Miriam, Ritter, Joachim, Rümpker, Georg, Salimbeni, Simone, Santulin, Marco, Scherer, Werner, Schippkus, Sven, Schulte-Kortnack, Detlef, Šipka, Vesna, Solarino, Stefano, Spallarossa, Daniele, Spieker, Kathrin, Stipčević, Josip, Strollo, Angelo, Süle, Bálint, Szanyi, Gyöngyvér, Szűcs, Eszter, Thomas, Christine, Thorwart, Martin, Tilmann, Frederik, Ueding, Stefan, Vallocchia, Massimiliano, Vecsey, Luděk, Voigt, René, Wassermann, Joachim, Wéber, Zoltán, Weidle, Christian, Wesztergom, Viktor, Weyland, Gauthier, Wiemer, Stefan, Wolf, Felix Noah, Wolyniec, David, Zieke, Thomas, Živčić, Mladen, Žlebčíková, Helena, Abreu, Rafael, Allegretti, Ivo, and Al-Halbouni, Djamil

Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Stratigraphy, Inversion (geology), Soil Science, Inverse transform sampling, Fault (geology), Induced seismicity, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, relocation, Nappe, symbols.namesake, Geochemistry and Petrology, 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::550 Geowissenschaften, Geologie::550 Geowissenschaften, earthquakes, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Earth-Surface Processes, QE1-996.5, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Alps, Paleontology, Geology, Crust, Markov chain Monte Carlo, QE640-699, Geophysics, Epicenter, symbols, Seismology
Abstract

In this study, we analyzed a large seismological dataset from temporary and permanent networks in the southern and eastern Alps to establish high-precision hypocenters and 1-D VP and VP/VS models. The waveform data of a subset of local earthquakes with magnitudes in the range of 1–4.2 ML were recorded by the dense, temporary SWATH-D network and selected stations of the AlpArray network between September 2017 and the end of 2018. The first arrival times of P and S waves of earthquakes are determined by a semi-automatic procedure. We applied a Markov chain Monte Carlo inversion method to simultaneously calculate robust hypocenters, a 1-D velocity model, and station corrections without prior assumptions, such as initial velocity models or earthquake locations. A further advantage of this method is the derivation of the model parameter uncertainties and noise levels of the data. The precision estimates of the localization procedure is checked by inverting a synthetic travel time dataset from a complex 3-D velocity model and by using the real stations and earthquakes geometry. The location accuracy is further investigated by a quarry blast test. The average uncertainties of the locations of the earthquakes are below 500 m in their epicenter and ∼ 1.7 km in depth. The earthquake distribution reveals seismicity in the upper crust (0–20 km), which is characterized by pronounced clusters along the Alpine frontal thrust, e.g., the Friuli-Venetia (FV) region, the Giudicarie–Lessini (GL) and Schio-Vicenza domains, the Austroalpine nappes, and the Inntal area. Some seismicity also occurs along the Periadriatic Fault. The general pattern of seismicity reflects head-on convergence of the Adriatic indenter with the Alpine orogenic crust. The seismicity in the FV and GL regions is deeper than the modeled frontal thrusts, which we interpret as indication for southward propagation of the southern Alpine deformation front (blind thrusts).

Published
2020

12. Shear-wave velocity structure beneath the Dinarides from the inversion of Rayleigh-wave dispersion

Author

Belinic, Tena, Kolínský, Petr, Stipčević, Josip, Abreu, Rafael, Allegretti, Ivo, Apoloner, Maria-Theresia, Aubert, Coralie, Besançon, Simon, Bés de Berc, Maxime, Bianchi, Irene, Bokelmann, Götz, Brunel, Didier, Capello, Marco, Čarman, Martina, Cavaliere, Adriano, Chéze, Jérôme, Chiarabba, Claudio, Clinton, John, Cougoulat, Glenn, C. Crawford, Wayne, Cristiano, Luigia, Czifra, Tibor, D’Alema, Ezio, Danesi, Stefania, Daniel, Romuald, Dannowski, Anke, Dasović, Iva, Deschamps, Anne, Dessa, Jean-Xavier, Doubre, Cécile, Egdorf, Sven, Fiket, Tomislav, Fischer, Kasper, Friederich, Wolfgang, Fuchs, Florian, Funke, Sigward, Giardini, Domenico, Govoni, Aladino, Gráczer, Zoltán, Gröschl, Gidera, Heimers, Stefan, Heit, Ben, Herak, Davorka, Herak, Marijan, Huber, Johann, Jarić, Dejan, Jedlička, Petr, Jia, Yan, Jund, Hélène, Kissling, Edi, Klingen, Stefan, Klotz, Bernhard, Kopp, Heidrun, Korn, Michael, Kotek, Josef, Kühne, Lothar, Kuk, Krešo, Lange, Dietrich, Loos, Jürgen, Lovati, Sara, Malengros, Deny, Margheriti, Lucia, Maron, Christophe, Martin, Xavier, Massa, Marco, Mazzarini, Francesco, Meier, Thomas, Métral, Laurent, Molinari, Irene, Moretti, Milena, Nardi, Anna, Pahor, Jurij, Paul, Anne, Péquegnat, Catherine, Petersen, Daniel, Pesaresi, Damiano, Piccinini, Davide, Piromallo, Claudia, Plenefisch, Thomas, Plomerová, Jaroslava, Pondrelli, Silvia, Prevolnik, Snježan, Racine, Roman, Régnier, Marc, Reiss, Miriam, Ritter, Joachim, Rümpker, Georg, Salimbeni, Simone, Santulin, Marco, Scherer, Werner, Schippkus, Sven, Schulte-Kortnack, Detlef, Šipka, Vesna, Solarino, Stefano, Spallarossa, Daniele, Spieker, Kathrin, Strollo, Angelo, Süle, Bálint, Szanyi, Gyöngyvér, Szűcs, Eszter, Thomas, Christine, Thorwart, Martin, Tilmann, Frederik, Ueding, Stefan, Vallocchia, Massimiliano, Vecsey, Luděk, Voigt, René, Wassermann, Joachim, Wéber, Zoltán, Weidle, Christian, Wesztergom, Viktor, Weyland, Gauthier, Wiemer, Stefan, Wolf, Felix Noah, Wolyniec, David, Zieke, Thomas, Živčić, Mladen, and Žlebčíková, Helena

Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Geodynamics, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Mantle (geology), symbols.namesake, Tectonics, Geophysics, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, Geochemistry and Petrology, Lithosphere, Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous), symbols, Slab, Lithoshpere-asthenosphere boundary, Surface waves, Dinarides, 14. Life underwater, Low-velocity zone, Phase velocity, Rayleigh wave, surface waves, Dinarides, collision, lithosphere, Geology, Seismology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

Highlights • Rayleigh-wave phase velocity in the wider Dinarides region using the two-station method. • Uppermost mantle shear-wave velocity model of the Dinarides-Adriatic Sea region. • Velocity model reveals a robust high-velocity anomaly present under the whole Dinarides. • High-velocity anomaly reaches depth of 160 km in the northern Dinarides to more than 200 km under southern Dinarides. • New structural model incorporating delamination as one of the processes controlling the continental collision in the Dinarides. The interaction between the Adriatic microplate (Adria) and Eurasia is the main driving factor in the central Mediterranean tectonics. Their interplay has shaped the geodynamics of the whole region and formed several mountain belts including Alps, Dinarides and Apennines. Among these, Dinarides are the least investigated and little is known about the underlying geodynamic processes. There are numerous open questions about the current state of interaction between Adria and Eurasia under the Dinaric domain. One of the most interesting is the nature of lithospheric underthrusting of Adriatic plate, e.g. length of the slab or varying slab disposition along the orogen. Previous investigations have found a low-velocity zone in the uppermost mantle under the northern-central Dinarides which was interpreted as a slab gap. Conversely, several newer studies have indicated the presence of the continuous slab under the Dinarides with no trace of the low velocity zone. Thus, to investigate the Dinaric mantle structure further, we use regional-to-teleseismic surface-wave records from 98 seismic stations in the wider Dinarides region to create a 3D shear-wave velocity model. More precisely, a two-station method is used to extract Rayleigh-wave phase velocity while tomography and 1D inversion of the phase velocity are employed to map the depth dependent shear-wave velocity. Resulting velocity model reveals a robust high-velocity anomaly present under the whole Dinarides, reaching the depths of 160 km in the north to more than 200 km under southern Dinarides. These results do not agree with most of the previous investigations and show continuous underthrusting of the Adriatic lithosphere under Europe along the whole Dinaric region. The geometry of the down-going slab varies from the deeper slab in the north and south to the shallower underthrusting in the center. On-top of both north and south slabs there is a low-velocity wedge indicating lithospheric delamination which could explain the 200 km deep high-velocity body existing under the southern Dinarides.

Published
2019

14. The AlpArray Seismic Network: A Large‑Scale European Experiment to Image the Alpine Orogen

Author

Hetényi, György, Molinari, Irene, Clinton, John, Bokelmann, Götz, Bondár, István, Crawford, Wayne C., Dessa, Jean-Xavier, Doubre, Cécile, Friederich, Wolfgang, Fuchs, Florian, Giardini, Domenico, Gráczer, Zoltán, Handy, Mark R., Herak, Marijan, Jia, Yan, Kissling, Edi, Kopp, Heidrun, Korn, Michael, Margheriti, Lucia, Meier, Thomas, Mucciarelli, Marco, Paul, Anne, Pesaresi, Damiano, Piromallo, Claudia, Plenefisch, Thomas, Plomerová, Jaroslava, Ritter, Joachim, Rümpker, Georg, Šipka, Vesna, Spallarossa, Daniele, Thomas, Christine, Tilmann, Frederik, Wassermann, Joachim, Weber, Michael, Wéber, Zoltán, Wesztergom, Viktor, Živčić, Mladen, Abreu, Rafael, Allegretti, Ivo, Apoloner, Maria-Theresia, Aubert, Coralie, Besançon, Simon, Bès de Berc, Maxime, Brunel, Didier, Capello, Marco, Čarman, Martina, Cavaliere, Adriano, Chèze, Jérôme, Chiarabba, Claudio, Cougoulat, Glenn, Cristiano, Luigia, Czifra, Tibor, D’Alema, Ezio, Danesi, Stefania, Daniel, Romuald, Dannowski, Anke, Dasović, Iva, Deschamps, Anne, Egdorf, Sven, Fiket, Tomislav, Fischer, Kasper, Funke, Sigward, Govoni, Aladino, Gröschl, Gidera, Heimers, Stefan, Heit, Ben, Herak, Davorka, Huber, Johann, Jarić, Dejan, Jedlička, Petr, Jund, Hélène, Klingen, Stefan, Klotz, Bernhard, Kolínský, Petr, Kotek, Josef, Kühne, Lothar, Kuk, Krešo, Lange, Dietrich, Loos, Jürgen, Lovati, Sara, Malengros, Deny, Maron, Christophe, Martin, Xavier, Massa, Marco, Mazzarini, Francesco, Métral, Laurent, Moretti, Milena, Munzarová, Helena, Nardi, Anna, Pahor, Jurij, Péquegnat, Catherine, Petersen, Florian, Piccinini, Davide, Pondrelli, Silvia, Prevolnik, Snježan, Racine, Roman, Régnier, Marc, Reiss, Miriam, Salimbeni, Simone, Santulin, Marco, Scherer, Werner, Schippkus, Sven, Schulte-Kortnack, Detlef, Solarino, Stefano, Spieker, Kathrin, Stipčević, Josip, Strollo, Angelo, Süle, Bálint, Szanyi, Gyöngyvér, Szűcs, Eszter, Thorwart, Martin, Ueding, Stefan, Vallocchia, Massimiliano, Vecsey, Luděk, Voigt, René, Weidle, Christian, Weyland, Gauthier, Wiemer, Stefan, Wolf, Felix, Wolyniec, David, Zieke, Thomas, Publikationen aller GIPP-unterstützten Projekte, Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum, Université de Lausanne = University of Lausanne (UNIL), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Kövesligethy Radó Seismological Observatory, Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPGP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPG Paris)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Géoazur (GEOAZUR 7329), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Dynamique globale et déformation active (IPGS) (IPGS-DGDA), Institut de physique du globe de Strasbourg (IPGS), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Freie Universität Berlin, Department of Earth Sciences [Swiss Federal Institute of Technology - ETH Zürich] (D-ERDW), Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research [Kiel] (GEOMAR), Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia - Sezione di Roma (INGV), Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel (CAU), Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e di Oceanografia Sperimentale (OGS), Institut des Sciences de la Terre (ISTerre), Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Bundesanstalt für Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe (BGR), Goethe-University Frankfurt am Main, Università degli studi di Genova = University of Genoa (UniGe), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (LMU), GeoForschungsZentrum - Helmholtz-Zentrum Potsdam (GFZ), Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth Sciences [Budapest], Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Slovenian Environment Agency, Swiss National Science Foundation (Grants SINERGIA CRSII2_1544341 and OROG3NY PP00P2_157627), (b) National Research, Development and Innovation Fund, Hungary (Grant NKFI K124241), (c) Hungarian Academy of Sciences (Grants EU-04/2014, EU-07/2015), (d) Czech Academy of Sciences (Grant M100121201), (e) Operational Programme Research, Development and Education (Project CzechGeo/EPOS-Sci, CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/16_013/0001800), (f) CzechGeo/EPOS (large research infrastructure, Grants LM2010008 and LM2015079), (g) Austrian Science Fund FWF (Project Numbers 26391 and 30707), (h) Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft DFG (Grants SPP2017 and MerMet 14-94), (i) INGV for committing internal funding, (j) Agence Nationale de la Recherche, France (contract ANR-15-CE31-0015), (k) RESIF National Research Infrastructure (Investissements d’Avenir, France, ANR-AA-EQPX-0040), (l) French Environment and Energy Management Agency (ADEME) for funding the EGS-Alsace project, (m) Labex OSUG@2020 programme (Investissements d’Avenir, France, ANR10 LABX56), (n) Croatian ScienceFoundation (Grant HRZZ IP-2014-09-9666)., ANR-15-CE31-0015,AlpArray-FR,Voir et comprendre les Alpes en 3D, de la croûte au manteau(2015), ANR-10-LABX-0056,OSUG@2020,Innovative strategies for observing and modelling natural systems(2010), Université de Lausanne (UNIL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-IPG PARIS-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Department of Mathematics and Computer Science (Freie Universität Berlin), Universita degli studi di Genova, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zürich [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-IPG PARIS-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Department of Earth Sciences [ETH Zürich] (D-ERDW), GEOMAR - Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research [Kiel] (GEOMAR), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-PRES Université de Grenoble-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), ANR-15-CE31-0015,AlpArray-FR,Voir et comprendre les Alpes en 3D, de la croûte au manteau, ANR-10-LABX-0056/10-LABX-0056,OSUG@2020,Innovative strategies for observing and modelling natural systems(2010), and Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-PRES Université de Grenoble-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)

Subjects
Seismometer, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Geophysical imaging, [SDU.STU.GP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], Seismic imaging, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, Seismic network, Geodynamics, 01 natural sciences, Article, seismology, Alps, seismic network, geodynamics, seismic imaging, mountain building, Mountain building, Seismology, Geophysics, Geochemistry and Petrology, Lithosphere, Asthenosphere, Transition zone, 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::550 Geowissenschaften, Geologie::551 Geologie, Hydrologie, Meteorologie, ddc:530, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Physics, Seismic hazard, Mountain formation, Geology
Abstract

The AlpArray programme is a multinational, European consortium to advance our understanding of orogenesis and its relationship to mantle dynamics, plate reorganizations, surface processes and seismic hazard in the Alps–Apennines–Carpathians–Dinarides orogenic system. The AlpArray Seismic Network has been deployed with contributions from 36 institutions from 11 countries to map physical properties of the lithosphere and asthenosphere in 3D and thus to obtain new, high-resolution geophysical images of structures from the surface down to the base of the mantle transition zone. With over 600 broadband stations operated for 2 years, this seismic experiment is one of the largest simultaneously operated seismological networks in the academic domain, employing hexagonal coverage with station spacing at less than 52 km. This dense and regularly spaced experiment is made possible by the coordinated coeval deployment of temporary stations from numerous national pools, including ocean-bottom seismometers, which were funded by different national agencies. They combine with permanent networks, which also required the cooperation of many different operators. Together these stations ultimately fill coverage gaps. Following a short overview of previous large-scale seismological experiments in the Alpine region, we here present the goals, construction, deployment, characteristics and data management of the AlpArray Seismic Network, which will provide data that is expected to be unprecedented in quality to image the complex Alpine mountains at depth., Surveys in Geophysics, 39 (5), ISSN:0169-3298, ISSN:1573-0956

Published
2018
Full Text
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15. Noise Meter And Sound Detector

Author

Jedlička, Petr

Subjects
STM32F4 Discovery, ARM, decibels, ANSI C, signal processing, Noise meter
Abstract

This paper describes design and construction of a noise meter, which measures sound pressure level. The device can be set either for weighting filter A or for weighting filter C considering the characteristics of human hearing. The device also allows two modes, Fast and Slow, depending on the rate of changes of sound pressure level. It is possible to send measured data to a PC through a measuring application. The noise meter can be controlled by buttons or by voice commands.

Published
2017

16. The (Social) Construction of Scientific Fact

Author

Jedlička, Petr, Balon, Jan, and Kandert, Josef

Subjects
Early Modern science, Social constructivism of science, Strong Programme, Sociology of knowledge, Steven Shapin, Ludwik Fleck, Medieval natural philosophy, David Bloor, středověká přírodní filozofie, novověká věda, Yehuda Elkana, sociální konstruktivismus ve vědě, sociologie vědění
Abstract

The thesis draws from the examples of the knowledge of two time periods - the Middle Ages and the Early Modern Era - to discuss the claims of the constructivist school of the sociology of knowledge. The first part provides a detailed account of the views of the key constructivist figures Ludwik Fleck, David Bloor, and the anthropologist of knowledge Yehuda Elkana. The following chapter examines the main characteristics and dynamics of the medieval religious discourse with the use of Elkana's concept of images of knowledge. The next chapter provides an account of the key period of Early Modern science and shows the rise of the empirical and rational paradigm and the introduction of scientific methods, as well as the broader social context of this process. The changes in the hierarchy of knowledge are primarily demonstrated with the examples of the English natural philosophers and society during the Age of Restoration. Special attention is devoted to sources of knowledge and the methods of their legitimization and verification during both periods, in addition to an examination, based on the Strong program, of the societal roots and factors determining or influencing that knowledge. Are the tenets of the Bloor's thesis, which put forward the idea of a strong social component of knowledge, valid? Is...

Published
2015

17. Tax efficient acquisition structures in the Czech Republic and related case law of the Court of Justice of the EU

Author

Jedlička, Petr, Frýzek, Libor, and Jelínek, Michal

Subjects
prodej podílu, prodej podniku, tax aspects, daňové aspekty, akvizice, sale of shares, sale of enterprise, acquisition
Abstract

This diploma thesis is dedicated to acquisitions of companies and analyses their tax aspect under the laws of the Czech Republic. From taxation aspects point of view the thesis also focuses on commercial and accounting impacts of relevant acquisitions. The main objective of the thesis is to identify, quantify and qualitatively assess tax implications for parties participating within the acquisitions. The thesis further aims at identification of legal forms of acquisitions in the Czech law system, the accounting analysis of the acquisition alternatives and analysis of court's practice relevant from taxation point of view. These sub-objectives also define to certain extent, field for analysis and assessment of the tax implications of particular acquisition structures.

Published
2010

19. Solvency Internal models

Author

Mertl, Jakub, Cipra, Tomáš, Mazurová, Lucie, and Jedlička, Petr

Subjects
neživotní pojištění, internal model, non-life insurance, Solvency II, interní model
Abstract

Title: Solvency Internal models Author: Mgr. Ing. Jakub Mertl Abstract: The subject of thesis is assessment of calculation methods on capital adequacy of currently implemented regulation in insurance industry called Solvency II. The aim of the thesis is to build up a partial internal model fulfilling the condition of Solvency II. The thesis deals with the premium and reserve risks that are essential part of non-life business. Different approaches of risk assessment are described and aggregation of those risks as well. An important part of the thesis is a numerical example illustrating presented methods.

Published
2015

20. Munich chain ladder method

Author

Janáková, Veronika, Pleška, Martin, and Jedlička, Petr

Subjects
IBNR rezerva, IBNR reserve, Munich chain ladder, chain ladder, chain lader, Mníchovský chain ladder
Abstract

Title: Munich chain ladder method Author: Bc. Veronika Janáková Department: Department of probability and mathematical statistic Supervisor: Mgr. Martin Pleška Supervisor's e-mail address: martin.pleska@cz.pwc.com Abstract: The insurance company is obliged to create technical reserves to cover the risk from insurance activities. One of the main reserves in non-life insurance is the IBNR reserve - the reserve to cover the damages that already exist, but that have not been reported to the insurance company yet. The content and the general aim of this thesis is to provide a better orientation in the method used in the estimation of the reserve IBNR - the Munich Chain Ladder Method. Munich Chain Ladder Method was created as a modification of the standard Chain Ladder calculation - one of the most used methods in the estimation of the IBNR reserve. The thesis focuses on the reasons that led to the modification of standard Chain Ladder calculation and explains the calculation of the modified method. It presents the application ot the method on the real data as well as the comparison with the results of the classical and less complicated Chain Ladder method. Keywords: IBNR reserve, chain ladder, Munich chain ladder 1

Published
2011

22. Statistical Properties of the Estimate of Non-Life Insurance Technical Reserves

Author

Pechanec, Jan, Jedlička, Petr, and Cipra, Tomáš

Abstract

In the presented work we study two different statistical methods for estimating IBNR reserve that is a part of the reserve for outstanding claims reserves. The first method is stochastic version of the Chain ladder method and the second one is a PTF model. We describe theories of the methods and show their different properties. The Chain ladder method does not assume any distribution of claims amount, on the other hand PTF models assume normal distribution of logarithms of incremental data. In practical part of this work we apply both methods on illustrative data and then we compare the results. We inspect especially probabilistic distribution of estimate of reserves and their statistical characteristics. An important part of this work is statistical testing of assumptions of both methods.

Published
2009

23. Modelování rizika rezerv v neživotním pojištění založené na neagregovaných datech

Author

Zimmermann, Pavel, Kahounová, Jana, Cipra, Tomáš, and Jedlička, Petr

Subjects
Survival analysis, GLM, neagregovaná data, Model rizika rezerv, interní model, Unaggregated data, Reserve risk model, analýza přežívání, Settlement process, proces likvidace škody, Individual claim level, Internal model
Abstract

Recently the eld of actuarial mathematics has experienced a large development due to a signi cant increase of demands for insurance and nancial risk quanti cation due to the fact that the implementation of a complex of rules of international reporting standards (IFRS) and solvency reporting (Solvency II) has started. It appears that the key question for solvency measuring is determination of probability distribution of future cash ows of an insurance company. Solvency is then reported through an appropriate risk measure based e.g. on a percentile of this distribution. While as present popular models are based solely on aggregated data (such as total loss development from a certain time period), the main objective of this work is to scrutinize possibilities of modelling of the reserve risk (i.e. roughly said, the distribution of the ultimate incurred value of claims that have already happened in the past) based directly on individual claims. These models have not yet become popular and to the author's knowledge an overview of such models has not been published previously. The assumptions and speci cation of the already published models were compared to the practical experience and some inadequacies were pointed out. Further more a new reserve risk model was constructed which is believed to have practically more suitable assumptions and properties than the existing models. Theoretical aspects of the new model were studied and distribution of the ultimate incurred value (the modelled variable) was derived. An emphasis was put also on practical aspects of the developed model and its applicability in the case of industrial use. Therefore some restrictive assumptions which might be considered realistic in variety of practical cases and which lead to a signi cant simpli cation of the model were identi ed throughout the work. Furthermore, algorithms to reduce the number of the necessary calculations were developed. In the last chapters of the work, an e ort was devoted to the methods of the estimation of the considered parameters respecting practical limitations (such as missing observations at the time of modelling). For this purpose, survival analysis was (amongst other methods) applied.

Published
2004

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