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1. The JWST Early Release Science Program for Direct Observations of Exoplanetary Systems I: High Contrast Imaging of the Exoplanet HIP 65426 b from 2−16 µm

Author: Carter, Aarynn L., Hinkley, Sasha, Kammerer, Jens, Skemer, Andrew, Biller, Beth A., Leisenring, Jarron M., Millar-Blanchaer, Maxwell A., Petrus, Simon, Stone, Jordan M., Ward-Duong, Kimberly, Wang, Jason J., Girard, Julien H., Hines, Dean C., Perrin, Marshall D., Pueyo, Laurent, Balmer, William O., Bonavita, Mariangela, Bonnefoy, Mickael, Chauvin, Gael, Choquet, Elodie, Christiaens, Valentin, Danielski, Camilla, Kennedy, Grant M., Matthews, Elisabeth C., Miles, Brittany E., Patapis, Polychronis, Ray, Shrishmoy, Rickman, Emily, Sallum, Steph, Stapelfeldt, Karl R., Whiteford, Niall, Zhou, Yifan, Absil, Olivier, Boccaletti, Anthony, Booth, Mark, Bowler, Brendan P., Chen, Christine H., Currie, Thayne, Fortney, Jonathan J., Grady, Carol A., Greenbaum, Alexandra Z., Henning, Thomas, Hoch, Kielan K. W., Janson, Markus, Kalas, Paul, Kenworthy, Matthew A., Kervella, Pierre, Kraus, Adam L., Lagage, Pierre-Olivier, Liu, Michael C., Macintosh, Bruce, Marino, Sebastian, Marley, Mark S., Marois, Christian, Matthews, Brenda C., Mawet, Dimitri, Mcelwain, Michael W., Metchev, Stanimir, Meyer, Michael R., Molliere, Paul, Moran, Sarah E., Morley, Caroline V., Mukherjee, Sagnick, Pantin, Eric, Quirrenbach, Andreas, Rebollido, Isabel, Ren, Bin B., Schneider, Glenn, Vasist, Malavika, Worthen, Kadin, Wyatt, Mark C., Briesemeister, Zackery W., Bryan, Marta L., Calissendorff, Per, Cantalloube, Faustine, Cugno, Gabriele, Furio, Matthew De, Dupuy, Trent J., Factor, Samuel M., Faherty, Jacqueline K., Fitzgerald, Michael P., Franson, Kyle, Gonzales, Eileen C., Hood, Callie E., Howe, Alex R., Kuzuhara, Masayuki, Lagrange, Anne-Marie, Lawson, Kellen, Lazzoni, Cecilia, Lew, Ben W. P., Liu, Pengyu, Llop-Sayson, Jorge, Lloyd, James P., Martinez, Raquel A., Mazoyer, Johan, Quanz, Sascha P., Redai, Jea Adams, Samland, Matthias, Schlieder, Joshua E., Tamura, Motohide, Tan, Xianyu, Uyama, Taichi, Vigan, Arthur, Vos, Johanna M., Wagner, Kevin, Wolff, Schuyler G., Ygouf, Marie, Zhang, Xi, Zhang, Keming, Zhang, Zhoujian, Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)
Subjects: [SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Published: 2022

2. The JWST Early Release Science Program for Direct Observations of Exoplanetary Systems I: High Contrast Imaging of the Exoplanet HIP 65426 b from 2-16 $\mu$m

Author: Carter, Aarynn L., Hinkley, Sasha, Kammerer, Jens, Skemer, Andrew, Biller, Beth A., Leisenring, Jarron M., Millar-Blanchaer, Maxwell A., Petrus, Simon, Stone, Jordan M., Ward-Duong, Kimberly, Wang, Jason J., Girard, Julien H., Hines, Dean C., Perrin, Marshall D., Pueyo, Laurent, Balmer, William O., Bonavita, Mariangela, Bonnefoy, Mickael, Chauvin, Gael, Choquet, Elodie, Christiaens, Valentin, Danielski, Camilla, Kennedy, Grant M., Matthews, Elisabeth C., Miles, Brittany E., Patapis, Polychronis, Ray, Shrishmoy, Rickman, Emily, Sallum, Steph, Stapelfeldt, Karl R., Whiteford, Niall, Zhou, Yifan, Absil, Olivier, Boccaletti, Anthony, Booth, Mark, Bowler, Brendan P., Chen, Christine H., Currie, Thayne, Fortney, Jonathan J., Grady, Carol A., Greenbaum, Alexandra Z., Henning, Thomas, Hoch, Kielan K. W., Janson, Markus, Kalas, Paul, Kenworthy, Matthew A., Kervella, Pierre, Kraus, Adam L., Lagage, Pierre-Olivier, Liu, Michael C., Macintosh, Bruce, Marino, Sebastian, Marley, Mark S., Marois, Christian, Matthews, Brenda C., Mawet, Dimitri, McElwain, Michael W., Metchev, Stanimir, Meyer, Michael R., Molliere, Paul, Moran, Sarah E., Morley, Caroline V., Mukherjee, Sagnick, Pantin, Eric, Quirrenbach, Andreas, Rebollido, Isabel, Ren, Bin B., Schneider, Glenn, Vasist, Malavika, Worthen, Kadin, Wyatt, Mark C., Briesemeister, Zackery W., Bryan, Marta L., Calissendorff, Per, Cantalloube, Faustine, Cugno, Gabriele, De Furio, Matthew, Dupuy, Trent J., Factor, Samuel M., Faherty, Jacqueline K., Fitzgerald, Michael P., Franson, Kyle, Gonzales, Eileen C., Hood, Callie E., Howe, Alex R., Kuzuhara, Masayuki, Lagrange, Anne-Marie, Lawson, Kellen, Lazzoni, Cecilia, Lew, Ben W. P., Liu, Pengyu, Llop-Sayson, Jorge, Lloyd, James P., Martinez, Raquel A., Mazoyer, Johan, Palma-Bifani, Paulina, Quanz, Sascha P., Redai, Jea Adams, Samland, Matthias, Schlieder, Joshua E., Tamura, Motohide, Tan, Xianyu, Uyama, Taichi, Vigan, Arthur, Vos, Johanna M., Wagner, Kevin, Wolff, Schuyler G., Ygouf, Marie, Zhang, Xi, Zhang, Keming, and Zhang, Zhoujian
Subjects: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP), FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract: We present JWST Early Release Science (ERS) coronagraphic observations of the super-Jupiter exoplanet, HIP 65426 b, with the Near-Infrared Camera (NIRCam) from 2-5 $\mu$m, and with the Mid-Infrared Instrument (MIRI) from 11-16 $\mu$m. At a separation of $\sim$0.82" (86$^{+116}_{-31}$ au), HIP 65426 b is clearly detected in all seven of our observational filters, representing the first images of an exoplanet to be obtained by JWST, and the first ever direct detection of an exoplanet beyond 5 $\mu$m. These observations demonstrate that JWST is exceeding its nominal predicted performance by up to a factor of 10, depending on separation and subtraction method, with measured 5$\sigma$ contrast limits of $\sim$1$\times10^{-5}$ and $\sim$2$\times10^{-4}$ at 1" for NIRCam at 4.4 $\mu$m and MIRI at 11.3 $\mu$m, respectively. These contrast limits provide sensitivity to sub-Jupiter companions with masses as low as 0.3$M_\mathrm{Jup}$ beyond separations of $\sim$100 au. Together with existing ground-based near-infrared data, the JWST photometry are well fit by a BT-SETTL atmospheric model from 1-16 $\mu$m, and span $\sim$97% of HIP 65426 b's luminous range. Independent of the choice of model atmosphere we measure an empirical bolometric luminosity that is tightly constrained between $\mathrm{log}\!\left(L_\mathrm{bol}/L_{\odot}\right)$=-4.31 to $-$4.14, which in turn provides a robust mass constraint of 7.1$\pm$1.2 $M_\mathrm{Jup}$. In totality, these observations confirm that JWST presents a powerful and exciting opportunity to characterise the population of exoplanets amenable to high-contrast imaging in greater detail., Comment: 35 pages, 16 figures, 4 tables, 1 wonderful telescope; Submitted to AAS Journals
Published: 2022

3. Kan sponsing gi konkurransefortrinn? - En empirisk studie av Tromsø IL, Mack og SpareBank 1 Nord-Norge

Author: Janson, Markus, Mortensen, Ole-Jørgen, Skallerud, Kåre, and Bertheussen, Bernt Arne
Subjects: Markedsføring og strategi
Abstract: Formålet med denne studien er å ta stilling til om sponsing kan forstås som en strategisk ressurs, og medføre konkurransefortrinn for partene i et sponsorsamarbeid. Casebedriftene i undersøkelsen er TIL, SNN og Mack, som setter studien i en lokal kontekst. En kvalitativ tilnærming og dybdeintervjuer er benyttet for å undersøke fenomenet sponsing. For å sikre at informantene har relevant kompetanse er de strategisk utvalgt. Innsamlet data har blitt analysert ved hjelp av Nvivo, et analyseprogram for kvalitativ forskning. Studiens utgangspunkt er det ressursbaserte perspektivet, samt undersøkelser gjennomført i internasjonal skala av blant annet Demir & Sødermann (2015), Chadwick & Thwaites (2005) og Amis, et al., (1997). Klubbene med mest kommersiell tiltrekningskraft i Europa er fordelt på fem nasjoner. Norge og øvrige land representerer en mindre økonomisk skala og kommersiell interesse. Premier League-klubber har i gjennomsnitt årlige inntekter på 3,5 mrd. kroner (Lange, 2022). Sammenlignet budsjetterte TIL i 2020 med inntekter på 69 mill. kroner. Studien belyser et viktig tema, fordi sponsing som fenomen ikke synes å ha blitt undersøkt i en lokal kontekst selv om dette representerer brorparten av fotballklubbene i Europa. Studien avdekker fire forutsetninger for å gjøre sponsing som ressurs til konkurransefortrinn. Faktorene som fremkommer av analysen er relasjon, ressursallokering, verdiskapning og fit. Relasjon er grunnlaget for all sponsoraktivitet ved at informasjon, kompetanse og erfaringer, koordineres og deles. For å gjøre sponsing til en kjernekompetanse er ressursallokering viktig. Det omhandler koordinering av sponsorvirksomheten, hvor nøkkelen er å dele kunnskaper med samarbeidspartneren. Verdiskapning befatter samhandlingen som skjer i dyadene ved å basere seg på felles verdier og målsetninger. Forståelsen av dette bidrar til å predikere utfallet av et samarbeid, ved å se på hvilke assosiasjoner som kan overføres fra en merkevare til en annen, i lys av partenes verdisett. Fit omhandler relaterbarhet og berører to ulike prosesser. Det er 1), et verktøy for utvelgelse av samarbeidspartnere og aktiviteter, knyttet til hvordan partenes verdisett sammenfaller, og 2), et virkemiddel for legitimitet og overføring av assosiasjoner mellom merkevarer for forbrukerne. Studien utleder en tentativ teoretisk begrepsmodell for å belyse hvordan prosesser innenfor sponsorarbeid påvirker muligheten til å oppnå konkurransefortrinn. Modellen tar utgangspunkt i at relasjonene i dyadene danner grunnlaget for de øvrige sponsoraktivitetene.
Published: 2022

4. SCExAO/CHARIS Direct Imaging of A Low-Mass Companion At A Saturn-Like Separation from an Accelerating Young A7 Star

Author: Chilcote, Jeffrey, Tobin, Taylor, Currie, Thayne, Brandt, Timothy, Groff, Tyler, Kuzuhara, Masayuki, Guyon, Olivier, Lozi, Julien, Jovanovic, Nemanja, Sahoo, Ananya, Deo, Vincent, Akiyama, Eiji, Janson, Markus, Knapp, Jill, Kwon, Jungmi, McElwain, Michael, Nishikawa, Jun, Wagner, Kevin, Hełminiak, Krzysztof, Skaf, Nour, Tamura, Motohide, He, Krzysztof, University of Notre Dame [Indiana] (UND), National Astronomical Observatory of Japan (NAOJ), University of California [Santa Barbara] (UCSB), University of California, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, Subaru Telescope, 650 North A‘ohoku Place, Hilo, HI 96720, United States, California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA (UMR_8109)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)
Subjects: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP), Physics, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Saturn (rocket family), [SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Direct imaging, Star (graph theory), 01 natural sciences, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, 0103 physical sciences, Low Mass, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR), Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: We present the SCExAO direct imaging discovery and characterization of a low-mass companion to the nearby young A7IV star, HD 91312. SCExAO/CHARIS $JHK$ (1.1-2.4 $\mu m$) spectra and SCExAO/HiCIAO $H$ band imaging identify the companion over a two year baseline in a highly inclined orbit with a maximum projected separation of 8 au. The companion, HD 91312 B, induces an 8.8-$\sigma$ astrometric acceleration on the star as seen with the Gaia & Hipparcos satellites and a long-term radial velocity trend as previously identified by Borgniet et al. (2019). HD 91312 B's spectrum is consistent with that of an early-to-mid M dwarf. Hipparcos and Gaia absolute astrometry, radial-velocity data, and SCExAO/CHARIS astrometry constrain its dynamical mass to be $0.337^{+0.042}_{-0.044}$M$_\odot$, consistent with - but far more precise than - masses derived from spectroscopy, and favors a nearly edge-on orbit with a semi-major axis of $\sim$9.7 au. This work is an example of precisely characterizing properties of low-mass companions at solar system-like scales from a combination of direct imaging, astrometry, and radial-velocity methods., Comment: 14 pages, 13 figures, Accepted for publication in AJ
Published: 2021
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5. Atmospheric characterization of terrestrial exoplanets in the mid-infrared: biosignatures, habitability, and diversity

Author: Albrecht, Simon, Anglada-Escude, Guillem, Baraffe, Isabelle, Baudoz, Pierre, Beuzit, Jean-Luc, Biller, Beth, Birkby, Jayne, Boccaletti, Anthony, Van Boekel, Roy, de Boer, Jos, Buchhave, Lars, Carone, Ludmila, Claire, Mark, Claudi, Riccardo, Demory, Brice-Olivier, Desert, Jean-Michel, Desidera, Silvano, Gratton, Raffaele, Gillon, Michael, Guyon, Olivier, Henning, Thomas, Hinkley, Sasha, Huby, Elsa, Helling, Christiane, Heng, Kevin, Kasper, Markus, Keller, Christoph, Kenworthy, Matthew, Kreidberg, Laura, Madhusudhan, Nikku, Lagrange, Anne-Marie, Launhardt, Ralf, Lenton, Tim, Lopez-Puertas, Manuel, Maire, Anne-Lise, Mayne, Nathan, Meadows, Victoria, Micela, Giuseppina, Milli, Julien, Min, Michiel, de Mooij, Ernst, Mouillet, David, D'Orazi, Valentina, Pagano, Isabella, Piotto, Giampaolo, Ruane, Garreth, Snik, Frans, Stam, Daphne, Stark, Christopher, Vigan, Arthur, de Visser, Pieter, Quanz, Sascha P., Absil, Olivier, Angerhausen, Daniel, Benz, Willy, Bonfils, Xavier, Berger, Jean-Philippe, Brogi, Matteo, Cabrera, Juan, Danchi, William C., Defrère, Denis, Van Dishoeck, Ewine, Ehrenreich, David, Ertel, Steve, Fortney, Jonathan, Gaudi, Scott, Girard, Julien, Glauser, Adrian, Grenfell, John Lee, Ireland, Michael, Janson, Markus, Kammerer, Jens, Kitzmann, Daniel, Kraus, Stefan, Krause, Oliver, Labadie, Lucas, Lacour, Sylvestre, Lichtenberg, Tim, Line, Michael, Linz, Hendrik, Loicq, Jérôme, Mennesson, Bertrand, Meyer, Michael R., Miguel, Yamila, Monnier, John, N'diaye, Mamadou, Palle, Enric, Queloz, Didier, Rauer, Heike, Ribas, Ignasi, Rugheimer, Sarah, Selsis, Franck, Serabyn, Gene, Snellen, Ignas, Sozzetti, Alessandro, Stapelfeldt, Karl R., Triaud, Amaury, Udry, Stéphane, Wyatt, Mark, Quanz, Sascha P [0000-0003-3829-7412], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, Joseph Louis LAGRANGE (LAGRANGE), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur (OCA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ETH Zurich, Swiss National Science Foundation, and Quanz, SP [0000-0003-3829-7412]
Subjects: Engineering, Habitability, Mid infrared, 010501 environmental sciences, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Astrobiology, White paper, Direct imaging, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Mid-infrared, media_common, Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP), [PHYS]Physics [physics], STAR, Scope (project management), 520 Astronomy, HOSTS SURVEY, Exoplanet, Characterization (materials science), Extrasolar planets, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Space interferometry, exoplanets, Physical Sciences, infrared, biosignatures, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, FIBERS, Astronomical and Space Sciences, 530 Physics, media_common.quotation_subject, Characterization, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy & Astrophysics, INTERFEROMETRY, 0103 physical sciences, 14. Life underwater, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR), 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Science & Technology, business.industry, Astronomy and Astrophysics, PERFORMANCE, 500 Science, 620 Engineering, SIGNS, Climate Action, Planetary atmospheres, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Terrestrial planet, business, PLANETS, Diversity (politics), Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract: Exoplanet science is one of the most thriving fields of modern astrophysics. A major goal is the atmospheric characterization of dozens of small, terrestrial exoplanets in order to search for signatures in their atmospheres that indicate biological activity, assess their ability to provide conditions for life as we know it, and investigate their expected atmospheric diversity. None of the currently adopted projects or missions, from ground or in space, can address these goals. In this White Paper, submitted to ESA in response to the Voyage 2050 Call, we argue that a large space-based mission designed to detect and investigate thermal emission spectra of terrestrial exoplanets in the mid-infrared wavelength range provides unique scientific potential to address these goals and surpasses the capabilities of other approaches. While NASA might be focusing on large missions that aim to detect terrestrial planets in reflected light, ESA has the opportunity to take leadership and spearhead the development of a large mid-infrared exoplanet mission within the scope of the “Voyage 2050” long-term plan establishing Europe at the forefront of exoplanet science for decades to come. Given the ambitious science goals of such a mission, additional international partners might be interested in participating and contributing to a roadmap that, in the long run, leads to a successful implementation. A new, dedicated development program funded by ESA to help reduce development and implementation cost and further push some of the required key technologies would be a first important step in this direction. Ultimately, a large mid-infrared exoplanet imaging mission will be needed to help answer one of humankind’s most fundamental questions: “How unique is our Earth?”, Experimental Astronomy, 54 (2-3), ISSN:0922-6435, ISSN:1572-9508
Published: 2021
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6. Constraints on the nearby exoplanet $\epsilon$ Ind Ab from deep near/mid-infrared imaging limits

Author: Viswanath, Gayathri, Janson, Markus, Dahlqvist, Carl-Henrik, de la Roche, Dominique Petit dit, Samland, Matthias, Girard, Julien, Pathak, Prashant, Kasper, Markus, Feng, Fabo, Meyer, Michael, Boehle, Anna, Quanz, Sascha P., Jones, Hugh R. A., Absil, Olivier, Brandner, Wolfgang, Maire, Anne-Lise, Siebenmorgen, Ralf, Sterzik, Michael, and Pantin, Eric
Subjects: Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract: The past decade has seen increasing efforts in detecting and characterising exoplanets by high contrast imaging in the near/mid-infrared, which is the optimal wavelength domain for studying old, cold planets. In this work, we present deep AO imaging observations of the nearby Sun-like star $\epsilon$ Ind A with NaCo ($L^{\prime}$) and NEAR (10-12.5 microns) instruments at VLT, in an attempt to directly detect its planetary companion whose presence has been indicated from radial velocity (RV) and astrometric trends. We derive brightness limits from the non-detection of the companion with both instruments, and interpret the corresponding sensitivity in mass based on both cloudy and cloud-free atmospheric and evolutionary models. For an assumed age of 5 Gyr for the system, we get detectable mass limits as low as 4.4 $M_{\rm J}$ in NaCo $L^{\prime}$ and 8.2 $M_{\rm J}$ in NEAR bands at 1.5$\arcsec$ from the central star. If the age assumed is 1 Gyr, we reach even lower mass limits of 1.7 $M_{\rm J}$ in NaCo $L^{\prime}$ and 3.5 $M_{\rm J}$ in NEAR bands, at the same separation. However, based on the dynamical mass estimate (3.25 $M_{\rm J}$) and ephemerides from astrometry and RV, we find that the non-detection of the planet in these observations puts a constraint of 2 Gyr on the lower age limit of the system. NaCo offers the highest sensitivity to the planetary companion in these observations, but the combination with the NEAR wavelength range adds a considerable degree of robustness against uncertainties in the atmospheric models. This underlines the benefits of including a broad set of wavelengths for detection and characterisation of exoplanets in direct imaging studies., Comment: 13 pages, 9 figures, 2 tables Accepted for publication in section 10. Planets and planetary systems of Astronomy and Astrophysics
Published: 2021

7. Constraints on the nearby exoplanet $��$ Ind Ab from deep near/mid-infrared imaging limits

Author: Viswanath, Gayathri, Janson, Markus, Dahlqvist, Carl-Henrik, de la Roche, Dominique Petit dit, Samland, Matthias, Girard, Julien, Pathak, Prashant, Kasper, Markus, Feng, Fabo, Meyer, Michael, Boehle, Anna, Quanz, Sascha P., Jones, Hugh R. A., Absil, Olivier, Brandner, Wolfgang, Maire, Anne-Lise, Siebenmorgen, Ralf, Sterzik, Michael, and Pantin, Eric
Subjects: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP), Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract: The past decade has seen increasing efforts in detecting and characterising exoplanets by high contrast imaging in the near/mid-infrared, which is the optimal wavelength domain for studying old, cold planets. In this work, we present deep AO imaging observations of the nearby Sun-like star $��$ Ind A with NaCo ($L^{\prime}$) and NEAR (10-12.5 microns) instruments at VLT, in an attempt to directly detect its planetary companion whose presence has been indicated from radial velocity (RV) and astrometric trends. We derive brightness limits from the non-detection of the companion with both instruments, and interpret the corresponding sensitivity in mass based on both cloudy and cloud-free atmospheric and evolutionary models. For an assumed age of 5 Gyr for the system, we get detectable mass limits as low as 4.4 $M_{\rm J}$ in NaCo $L^{\prime}$ and 8.2 $M_{\rm J}$ in NEAR bands at 1.5$\arcsec$ from the central star. If the age assumed is 1 Gyr, we reach even lower mass limits of 1.7 $M_{\rm J}$ in NaCo $L^{\prime}$ and 3.5 $M_{\rm J}$ in NEAR bands, at the same separation. However, based on the dynamical mass estimate (3.25 $M_{\rm J}$) and ephemerides from astrometry and RV, we find that the non-detection of the planet in these observations puts a constraint of 2 Gyr on the lower age limit of the system. NaCo offers the highest sensitivity to the planetary companion in these observations, but the combination with the NEAR wavelength range adds a considerable degree of robustness against uncertainties in the atmospheric models. This underlines the benefits of including a broad set of wavelengths for detection and characterisation of exoplanets in direct imaging studies., 13 pages, 9 figures, 2 tables Accepted for publication in section 10. Planets and planetary systems of Astronomy and Astrophysics
Published: 2021
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8. Key Technologies for the Wide Field Infrared Survey Telescope Coronagraph Instrument

Author: Bailey, Vanessa P., Armus, Lee, Balasubramanian, Bala, Baudoz, Pierre, Bellini, Andrea, Benford, Dominic, Berriman, Bruce, Bhattacharya, Aparna, Boccaletti, Anthony, Cady, Eric, Novati, Sebastiano Calchi, Carpenter, Kenneth, Ciardi, David, Crill, Brendan, Danchi, William, Debes, John, Demers, Richard, Dohlen, Kjetil, Effinger, Robert, Ferrari, Marc, Frerking, Margaret, Gelino, Dawn, Girard, Julien, Grady, Kevin, Groff, Tyler, Harding, Leon, Helou, George, Henning, Avenhaus, Janson, Markus, Kalirai, Jason, Kane, Stephen, Kasdin, N. Jeremy, Kenworthy, Matthew, Kern, Brian, Krist, John, Kruk, Jeffrey, Lagrange, Anne Marie, Laine, Seppo, Langlois, Maud, Coroller, Herve Le, Lindensmith, Chris, Lowrance, Patrick, Maire, Anne-Lise, Malhotra, Sangeeta, Mandell, Avi, McElwain, Michael, Prada, Camilo Mejia, Mennesson, Bertrand, Meshkat, Tiffany, Moody, Dwight, Morrissey, Patrick, Moustakas, Leonidas, N'Diaye, Mamadou, Nemati, Bijan, Noecker, Charley, Paladini, Roberta, Perrin, Marshall, Poberezhskiy, Ilya, Postman, Marc, Pueyo, Laurent, Ramirez, Solange, Ranc, Clement, Rhodes, Jason, Riggs, A. J. E., Rizzo, Maxime, Roberge, Aki, Rouan, Daniel, Schlieder, Joshua, Seo, Byoung-Joon, Shaklan, Stuart, Shi, Fang, Soummer, Remi, Spergel, David, Stapelfeldt, Karl, Stark, Christopher, Tamura, Motohide, Tang, Hong, Trauger, John, Turnbull, Margaret, van der Marel, Roeland, Vigan, Arthur, Williams, Benjamin, Wollack, Edward J., Ygouf, Marie, Zhao, Feng, Zhoud, Hanying, Zimmerman, Neil, Joseph Louis LAGRANGE (LAGRANGE), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur (OCA), and Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [PHYS]Physics [physics], [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
Abstract: The Wide Field Infrared Survey Telescope (WFIRST) Coronagraph Instrument (CGI) is a high-contrast imager and integral field spectrograph that will enable the study of exoplanets and circumstellar disks at visible wavelengths. Ground-based high-contrast instrumentation has fundamentally limited performance at small working angles, even under optimistic assumptions for 30m-class telescopes. There is a strong scientific driver for better performance, particularly at visible wavelengths. Future flagship mission concepts aim to image Earth analogues with visible light flux ratios of more than 10^10. CGI is a critical intermediate step toward that goal, with a predicted 10^8-9 flux ratio capability in the visible. CGI achieves this through improvements over current ground and space systems in several areas: (i) Hardware: space-qualified (TRL9) deformable mirrors, detectors, and coronagraphs, (ii) Algorithms: wavefront sensing and control; post-processing of integral field spectrograph, polarimetric, and extended object data, and (iii) Validation of telescope and instrument models at high accuracy and precision. This white paper, submitted to the 2018 NAS Exoplanet Science Strategy call, describes the status of key CGI technologies and presents ways in which performance is likely to evolve as the CGI design matures., Submitted in response to the 2018 NAS Exoplanet Science Strategy call. 5 pages, 2 figures
Published: 2020

9. Strong H$��$ emission and signs of accretion in a circumbinary planetary mass companion from MUSE

Author: Eriksson, Simon C., Torres, Rub��n Asensio, Janson, Markus, Aoyama, Yuhiko, Marleau, Gabriel-Dominique, Bonnefoy, Mickael, and Petrus, Simon
Subjects: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP), FOS: Physical sciences, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
Abstract: Context. Intrinsic H$��$ emission can be advantageously used to detect substellar companions because it improves contrasts in direct imaging. Characterising this emission from accreting exoplanets allows for the testing of planet formation theories. Aims. We characterise the young circumbinary planetary mass companion 2MASS J01033563-5515561 (AB)b (Delorme 1 (AB)b) through medium-resolution spectroscopy. Methods. We used the new narrow-field mode (NFM) for the MUSE integral-field spectrograph, located on the ESO Very Large Telescope, during science verification time to obtain optical spectra of Delorme 1 (AB)b. Results. We report the discovery of very strong H$��$ and H$��$ emission, accompanied by He I emission. This is consistent with an active accretion scenario. We provide accretion rate estimates obtained from several independent methods and find a likely mass of $12-15$ M$_{\rm Jup}$ for Delorme 1 (AB)b. This is also consistent with previous estimates. Conclusions. Signs of active accretion in the Delorme 1 system might indicate a younger age than the $\sim 30-40$ Myr expected from a likely membership in Tucana-Horologium (THA). Previous works have also shown the central binary to be overluminous, which gives further indication of a younger age. However, recent discoveries of active discs in relatively old ($\sim 40$ Myr), very low-mass systems suggests that ongoing accretion in Delorme 1 (AB)b might not require in and of itself that the system is younger than the age implied by its THA membership., 9 pages. Supplementary material and figures in appendix
Published: 2020
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10. The fundamental stellar parameters of FGK stars in the SEEDS survey Norman, OK 73071, USA

Author: Rich, Evan A., Wisniewski, John P., McElwain, Michael W., Okamoto, Yoshiko K., Abe, Lyu, Akiyama, Eiji, Brandner, Wolfgang, Brandt, Timothy D., Cargile, Phillip, Carson, Joseph C., Currie, Thayne M., Egner, Sebastian, Feldt, Markus, Fukagawa, Misato, Grady, Carol A., Guyon, Olivier, Hebb, Leslie, Helminiak, Krzysztof G., Henning, Thomas, Hodapp, Klaus W., Janson, Markus, Knapp, Gillian R., Momose, Munetake, Moro-Martin, Amaya, Oh, Daehyeon, Pyo, Tae-Soo, Schlieder, Joshua, Serabyn, Eugene, Sitko, Michael L., Suenaga, Takuya, Takahashi, Yasuhiro H., Takami, Michihiro, Thalmann, Christian, Tomono, Daigo, Turner, Edwin L., Hashimoto, Jun, Kudo, Tomoyuki, Kusakabe, Nobuhiko, Goto, Miwa, Hayano, Yutaka, Hayashi, Masahiko, Hayashi, Saeko S., Ishii, Miki, Iye, Masanori, Kandori, Ryo, Kuzuhara, Masayuki, Kwon, Jungmi, Matsuo, Taro, Mayama, Satoshi, Miyama, Shoken, Morino, Jun-Ichi, Nakagawa, Takao, Nishimura, Tetsuo, Suto, Hiroshi, Suzuki, Ryuji, Takato, Naruhisa, Terada, Hiroshi, Watanabe, Makoto, Yamada, Toru, Takami, Hideki, Usuda, Tomonori, and Tamura, Motohide
Subjects: Physics, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, stars: abundances, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Planetary system, 01 natural sciences, Exoplanet, Spectral line, law.invention, Telescope, Stars, Space and Planetary Science, Observatory, law, 0103 physical sciences, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, stars: fundamental parameters, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, planetary systems, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Line (formation)
Abstract: 著者人数: 62名, Accepted: 2017-08-08, 資料番号: SA1170166000
Published: 2017

11. Atmospheric Characterization and Further Orbital Modeling of $\kappa$ And b

Author: Uyama, Taichi, Currie, Thayne, Hori, Yasunori, De Rosa, Robert J., Mede, Kyle, Brandt, Timothy D., Kwon, Jungmi, Guyon, Olivier, Lozi, Julien, Jovanovic, Nemanja, Martinache, Frantz, Kudo, Tomoyuki, Tamura, Motohide, Groff, Tyler, Chilcote, Jeffrey, Hayashi, Masahiko, McElwain, Michael W., Asensio-Torres, Ruben, Janson, Markus, Knapp, Gillian R., and Serabyn, Eugene
Subjects: Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract: We present $\kappa$ Andromeda b's photometry and astrometry taken with Subaru/SCExAO+HiCIAO and Keck/NIRC2, combined with recently published SCExAO/CHARIS low-resolution spectroscopy and published thermal infrared photometry to further constrain the companion's atmospheric properties and orbit. $\kappa$ And b's Y/Y-K colors are redder than field dwarfs, consistent with its youth and lower gravity. Empirical comparisons of its Y-band photometry and CHARIS spectrum to a large spectral library of isolated field dwarfs reaffirm the conclusion from Currie et al. (2018) that it likely has a low gravity but admit a wider range of most plausible spectral types (L0-L2). Our gravitational classification also suggests that the best-fit objects for $\kappa$ And b may have lower gravity than those previously reported. Atmospheric models lacking dust/clouds fail to reproduce its entire 1--4.7 $\mu m$ spectral energy distribution, cloudy atmosphere models with temperatures of $\sim$ 1700--2000 $K$ better match $\kappa$ And b data. Most well-fitting model comparisons favor 1700--1900 $K$, a surface gravity of log(g) $\sim$ 4--4.5, and a radius of 1.3--1.6\,$R_{\rm Jup}$; the best-fit model (DRIFT-Phoenix) yields the coolest and lowest-gravity values: $T_{\rm eff}$=1700 K and $\log g$=4.0. An update to $\kappa$ And b's orbit with ExoSOFT using new astrometry spanning seven years reaffirms its high eccentricity ($0.77\pm0.08$). We consider a scenario where unseen companions are responsible for scattering $\kappa$ And b to a wide separation and high eccentricity. If three planets, including $\kappa$ And b, were born with coplanar orbits and one of them was ejected by gravitational scattering, a potential inner companion with mass $\gtrsim10M_{\rm Jup}$ could be located at $\lesssim$ 25 au., Comment: accepted for publication in AJ, typo fixed in ver.2
Published: 2019

12. ESA Voyage 2050 White Paper: Detecting life outside our solar system with a large high-contrast-imaging mission

Author: Snellen, Ignas, Albrecht, Simon, Anglada-Escude, Guillem, Baraffe, Isabelle, Baudoz, Pierre, Benz, Willy, Beuzit, Jean-Luc, Biller, Beth, Birkby, Jayne, Boccaletti, Anthony, Van Boekel, Roy, de Boer, Jos, Brogi, Matteo, Buchhave, Lars, Carone, Ludmila, Claire, Mark, Claudi, Riccardo, Demory, Brice-Olivier, Desert, Jean-Michel, Desidera, Silvano, Gaudi, Scott, Gratton, Raffaele, Gillon, Michael, Grenfell, John Lee, Guyon, Olivier, Henning, Thomas, Hinkley, Sasha, Huby, Elsa, Janson, Markus, Helling, Christiane, Heng, Kevin, Kasper, Markus, Keller, Christoph, Kenworthy, Matthew, Krause, Oliver, Kreidberg, Laura, Madhusudhan, Nikku, Lagrange, Anne-Marie, Launhardt, Ralf, Lenton, Tim, Lopez-Puertas, Manuel, Maire, Anne-Lise, Mayne, Nathan, Meadows, Victoria, Mennesson, Bertrand, Micela, Giuseppina, Miguel, Yamila, Milli, Julien, Min, Michiel, de Mooij, Ernst, Mouillet, David, N'diaye, Mamadou, D'Orazi, Valentina, Palle, Enric, Pagano, Isabella, Piotto, Giampaolo, Queloz, Didier, Rauer, Heike, Ribas, Ignasi, Ruane, Garreth, Selsis, Franck, Snik, Frans, Sozzetti, Alessandro, Stam, Daphne, Stark, Christopher, Vigan, Arthur, de Visser, Pieter, Leiden Observatory [Leiden], Universiteit Leiden [Leiden], Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA (UMR_8109)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), and Leiden Observatory
Subjects: [SDU.ASTR.IM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM]
Abstract: White paper for ESA Voyage 2050; 24 pages; In this white paper, we recommend the European Space Agency plays a proactive role in developing a global collaborative effort to construct a large high-contrast imaging space telescope, e.g. as currently under study by NASA. Such a mission will be needed to characterize a sizable sample of temperate Earth-like planets in the habitable zones of nearby Sun-like stars and to search for extraterrestrial biological activity. We provide an overview of relevant European expertise, and advocate ESA to start a technology development program towards detecting life outside the Solar system.
Published: 2019

13. ESA Voyage 2050 White Paper: Detecting life outside our solar system with a large high-contrast-imaging mission

Author: Snellen, Ignas, Albrecht, Simon, Anglada-Escude, Guillem, Baraffe, Isabelle, Baudoz, Pierre, Benz, Willy, Beuzit, Jean-Luc, Biller, Beth, Birkby, Jayne, Boccaletti, Anthony, van Boekel, Roy, de Boer, Jos, Brogi, Matteo, Buchhave, Lars, Carone, Ludmila, Claire, Mark, Claudi, Riccardo, Demory, Brice-Olivier, Desert, Jean-Michel, Desidera, Silvano, Gaudi, Scott, Gratton, Raffaele, Gillon, Michael, Grenfell, John Lee, Guyon, Olivier, Henning, Thomas, Hinkley, Sasha, Huby, Elsa, Janson, Markus, Helling, Christiane, Heng, Kevin, Kasper, Markus, Keller, Christoph, Kenworthy, Matthew, Krause, Oliver, Kreidberg, Laura, Madhusudhan, Nikku, Lagrange, Anne-Marie, Launhardt, Ralf, Lenton, Tim, Lopez-Puertas, Manuel, Maire, Anne-Lise, Mayne, Nathan, Meadows, Victoria, Mennesson, Bertrand, Micela, Giuseppina, Miguel, Yamila, Milli, Julien, Min, Michiel, de Mooij, Ernst, Mouillet, David, N'Diaye, Mamadou, D'Orazi, Valentina, Palle, Enric, Pagano, Isabella, Piotto, Giampaolo, Queloz, Didier, Rauer, Heike, Ribas, Ignasi, Ruane, Garreth, Selsis, Franck, Snik, Frans, Sozzetti, Alessandro, Stam, Daphne, Stark, Christopher, Vigan, Arthur, and de Visser, Pieter
Subjects: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP), FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract: In this white paper, we recommend the European Space Agency plays a proactive role in developing a global collaborative effort to construct a large high-contrast imaging space telescope, e.g. as currently under study by NASA. Such a mission will be needed to characterize a sizable sample of temperate Earth-like planets in the habitable zones of nearby Sun-like stars and to search for extraterrestrial biological activity. We provide an overview of relevant European expertise, and advocate ESA to start a technology development program towards detecting life outside the Solar system., White paper for ESA Voyage 2050; 24 pages
Published: 2019

14. The B-Star Exoplanet Abundance Study: a co-moving 16–25 M Jup companion to the young binary system HIP 79098

Author: Carbillet, M., Maurel, D., Origné, A., Rigal, F., Sevin, A., De Boer, J., van Holstein, R. G., Dohlen, K., Snik, F., Keller, C. U., Ginski, C., Stam, D. M., Wahhaj, Z., Kasper, M., Rabou, P., Hugot, E., Perret, D., Martinez, P., Pragt, J., Coroller, H. Le, Dominik, C., Turatto, M., Udry, S., Beuzit, J. -L., Le Coroller, H., Mennesson, B., Bailey, V., Kasdin, J., Trauger, J., Absil, O., Akeson, R., Armus, L., Baudoz, P., Bellini, A., Bennett, D., Berriman, B., Calchi-Novati, S., Carpenter, K., Chen, C., Danchi, W., Debes, J., Defrere, D., Ertel, S., Frerking, M., Gelino, C., Girard, J. H., Groff, T., Kane, S., Helou, G., Kalirai, J., Krist, J., Kruk, J., Hasegawa, Y., Laine, S., Lowrance, P., Malhotra, S., Mandell, A., Marshall, P., McElwain, M., Meshkat, T., Millan-Gabet, R., Moustakas, L., Nemati, B., Paladini, R., Postman, M., Pueyo, L., Quintana, E., Ramirez, S., Rhodes, J., Riggs, A. J. E., Rizzo, M., Soummer, R., Stapelfeldt, K., Stark, C., Turnbull, M., van der Marel, R., Ygouf, M., Wyatt, M., Zhao, F., Zimmerman, N., Loh, Alan, Messina, Sergio, Brandner, Wolfgang, Buenzli, Esther, Daemgen, Sebastien, Lagadec, Eric, Mouillet, David, Peretti, Sébastien, Janin-Potiron, Pierre, Salter, Graeme, Roux, Alain, Llored, Marc, Buey, Jean-Tristan, Pavlov, Alexei, Petit, C., Pawellek, Nicole, Moór, Attila, Milli, Julien, Kóspál, Ágnes, Olofsson, Johan, Ábrahám, Péter, Keppler, Miriam, Kral, Quentin, Pohl, Adriana, Augereau, Jean-Charles, Choquet, Elodie, Engler, Natalia, Lee, Eve J., Thebault, Philippe, Lee, Eve, Podio, L., Bacciotti, F., Antoniucci, S., Codella, C., Dougados, C., Nisini, B., Schmid, H. M., Stolker, T., Baudino, J. L., Biller, Beth, Bonavita, M., Galicher, R., Grandjean, A., Lagrange, Anne-Marie, Lannier, Justine, Maire, Anne-Lise, Perrot, Clément, Delboulbé, A., Mignant, D. Le, Fantinel, D., Moeller-Nilsson, O., Weber, Luc, Sauvage, J. -F., Le Mignant, D., Möller-Nilsson, O., Mesa, Dino, Garufi, A., D'Orazi, V., Flasseur, O., Barbieri, M., Benisty, M., Henning, Thomas, Ligi, R., Sissa, Elena, Zurlo, Alice, Boccaletti, Anthony, Cantalloube, F., Cheetham, Anthony, De Caprio, V., Feldt, Markus, Fusco, T., Gluck, L., Hagelberg, J., Lagrange, A. -M., Lazzoni, C., Madec, F., Maire, A. -L., Ménard, F., Meyer, M., Ramos, J., Rickman, E. L., Rouan, D., Schmidt, T., van der Plas, G., D’Orazi, V., De Caprio, V, Lagrange, A-M, Maire, A-L, Van der Plas, G, Janson, Markus, Asensio-Torres, Ruben, André, Damien, Bonnefoy, Mickaël, Delorme, Philippe, Reffert, Sabine, Desidera, Silvano, Langlois, M, Chauvin, G., Gratton, Raffaele, Bohn, Alexander J., Eriksson, Simon C., Marleau, Gabriel-Dominique, Mamajek, Eric E., Vigan, Arthur, Carson, Joseph C., Bohn, Alexander, Eriksson, Simon, Mamajek, Eric, Carson, Joseph, Leiden Observatory [Leiden], Universiteit Leiden [Leiden], Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Faculty of Aerospace Engineering [Delft], Delft University of Technology (TU Delft), Department of International Development, University of Oxford [Oxford], Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), JET PROPULSION LABORATORY CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY PASADENA USA, Partenaires IRSTEA, Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Space Sciences, Technologies and Astrophysics Research Institute (STAR), Université de Liège, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA (UMR_8109)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie (MPIA), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Konkoly Observatory, Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth Sciences [Budapest], Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), European Southern Observatory (ESO), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), INAF - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri (OAA), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma (OAR), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova (OAPD), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Collège de France (CdF (institution)), Département de Physique Nucléaire (ex SPhN) (DPHN), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Axe 4 : céramiques sous contraintes environnementales (SPCTS-AXE4), Science des Procédés Céramiques et de Traitements de Surface (SPCTS), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Céramique Industrielle (ENSCI)-Institut des Procédés Appliqués aux Matériaux (IPAM), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Céramique Industrielle (ENSCI)-Institut des Procédés Appliqués aux Matériaux (IPAM), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (LAOG), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Landessternwarte Königstuhl [ZAH] (LSW), Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg], Centre de Recherche Astrophysique de Lyon (CRAL), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Stockholm University, Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg] = Heidelberg University, École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Departamento de Ingeniería Matemática [Santiago] (DIM), Universidad de Chile = University of Chile [Santiago] (UCHILE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universiteit Leiden, Institut für Astronomie und Astrophysik [Tübingen] (IAAT), Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen = Eberhard Karls University of Tuebingen, Department of Physics and Astronomy [Rochester], University of Rochester [USA], College of Charleston, ANR-10-LABX-0056,OSUG@2020,Innovative strategies for observing and modelling natural systems(2010), and European Project: 678194,H2020,ERC-2015-STG,FALCONER(2016)
Subjects: planets and satellites: detection, Proper motion, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Stellar mass, Brown dwarf, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Planet, 0103 physical sciences, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR), 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Physics, Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP), Astronomy and Astrophysics, Mass ratio, stars: early-type, Exoplanet, Stars, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Circumbinary planet, Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, brown dwarfs
Abstract: Wide low-mass substellar companions are known to be very rare among low-mass stars, but appear to become increasingly common with increasing stellar mass. However, B-type stars, which are the most massive stars within ~150 pc of the Sun, have not yet been examined to the same extent as AFGKM-type stars in that regard. In order to address this issue, we launched the ongoing B-star Exoplanet Abundance Study (BEAST) to examine the frequency and properties of planets, brown dwarfs, and disks around B-type stars in the Scorpius-Centaurus (Sco-Cen) association; we also analyzed archival data of B-type stars in Sco-Cen. During this process, we identified a candidate substellar companion to the B9-type spectroscopic binary HIP 79098 AB, which we refer to as HIP 79098 (AB)b. The candidate had been previously reported in the literature, but was classified as a background contaminant on the basis of its peculiar colors. Here we demonstrate that the colors of HIP 79098 (AB)b are consistent with several recently discovered young and low-mass brown dwarfs, including other companions to stars in Sco-Cen. Furthermore, we show unambiguous common proper motion over a 15-year baseline, robustly identifying HIP 79098 (AB)b as a bona fide substellar circumbinary companion at a 345+/-6 AU projected separation to the B9-type stellar pair. With a model-dependent mass of 16-25 Mjup yielding a mass ratio of, 9 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
Published: 2019
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15. Multi-epoch Direct Imaging and Time-Variable Scattered Light Morphology of the HD 163296 Protoplanetary Disk

Author: Rich, Evan A., Wisniewski, John P., Currie, Thayne, Fukagawa, Misato, Grady, Carol A., Sitko, Michael L., Pikhartova, Monika, Abe, Lyu, Brandner, Wolfgang, Brandt, Timothy D., Carson, Joseph C., Chilcote, Jeffrey, Dong, Ruobing, Feldt, Markus, Groff, Tyler, Guyon, Olivier, Henning, Thomas, Hodapp, Klaus W., Janson, Markus, Jovanovic, Nemanja, Kasdin, Jeremy, Knapp, Gillian R., Lozi, Julien, Martinache, Frantz, McElwain, Michael W., Moro-Martin, Amaya, Pyo, Tae-Soo, Serabyn, Eugene, Russel, Ray W., Takami, Michihiro, Thalmann, Christian, Turner, Edwin L., Uyama, Taichi, Wagner, Kevin R., Hashimoto, Jun, Goto, Miwa, Hayano, Yutaka, Hayashi, Masahiko, Hayashi, Saeko S., Ishii, Miki, Iye, Masanori, Kandori, Ryo, Kudo, Tomoyuki, Kusakabe, Nobuhiko, Kuzuhara, Masayuki, Kwon, Jungmi, Matsuo, Taro, Mayama, Satoshi, Miyama, Shoken, Morino, Jun-Ichi, Nakagawa, Takao, Nishimura, Tetsuo, Suto, Hiroshi, Suzuki, Ryuji, Takato, Naruhisa, Terada, Hiroshi, Watanabe, Makoto, Yamada, Toru, Takami, Hideki, Usuda, Tomonori, Tamura, Motohide, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), Joseph Louis LAGRANGE (LAGRANGE), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie (MPIA), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Steward Observatory, University of Arizona, Département Sciences de la Fabrication et Logistique (SFL-ENSMSE), École des Mines de Saint-Étienne (Mines Saint-Étienne MSE), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-CMP-GC, Department of Earth System Science and Technology [Fukuoka] (ESST), Kyushu University [Fukuoka], Department of Computer Science [ETH Zürich] (D-INFK), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Subaru Telescope, National Astronomical Observatory of Japan (NAOJ), NAOJ, National Astronomical Observatories Japan, Institut méditerranéen de biodiversité et d'écologie marine et continentale (IMBE), Avignon Université (AU)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Academia Sinica, Institute of Astronomy [ETH Zürich], Department of Physics [ETH Zürich] (D-PHYS), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich)- Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Université de Tsukuba = University of Tsukuba, Faculty of Science and Engineering [Waseda], Waseda University, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Kyushu University, and Waseda University [Tokyo, Japan]
Subjects: planets and satellites: detection, Brightness, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Extinction (astronomy), FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Protoplanetary disk, 01 natural sciences, Observatory, Planet, 0103 physical sciences, Spectroscopy, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR), 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP), Physics, Atmospheric models, protoplanetary disks, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Protoplanet, Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract: 著者人数: 61名, Accepted: 2019-03-07, 資料番号: SA1190032000
Published: 2019
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16. Isochronal age-mass discrepancy of young stars: SCExAO/CHARIS integral field spectroscopy of the HIP 79124 triple system

Author: Asensio-Torres, Ruben, Currie, Thayne, Janson, Markus, Desidera, Silvano, Hodapp, Klaus, Brandt, Timothy D., Guyon, Olivier, Lozi, Julien, Groff, Tyler, Kasdin, Jeremy, Chilcote, Jeffrey, Jovanovic, Nemanja, Martinache, Frantz, Sitko, Michael, Serabyn, Eugene, Wagner, Kevin, Akiyama, Eiji, Uyama, Taichi, Yang, Yi, McElwain, Michael, Henning, Thomas, Kuzuhara, Masayuki, Kwon, Jungmi, Nakagawa, Takao, Hayashi, Masahiko, Kudo, Tomoyuki, Tamura, Motohide, Stockholm University, National Astronomical Observatory of Japan (NAOJ), Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie (MPIA), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova (OAPD), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), University of Hawaii, University of California [Santa Barbara] (UCSB), University of California, Département Sciences de la Fabrication et Logistique (SFL-ENSMSE), École des Mines de Saint-Étienne (Mines Saint-Étienne MSE), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-CMP-GC, NASA, Princeton University, University of Notre Dame [Indiana] (UND), California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Joseph Louis LAGRANGE (LAGRANGE), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Space Science Institute, Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), University of Arizona, Hokkaido University [Sapporo, Japan], ISAS/JAXA, The University of Tokyo (UTokyo), Signal Processing Laboratory (SPL), Wuhan University [China], Institut méditerranéen de biodiversité et d'écologie marine et continentale (IMBE), Avignon Université (AU)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Earth System Science and Technology [Fukuoka] (ESST), Kyushu University [Fukuoka], Department of Computer Science [ETH Zürich] (D-INFK), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), University of California [Santa Barbara] (UC Santa Barbara), University of California (UC), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Kyushu University
Subjects: planets and satellites: detection, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Field (physics), Triple system, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, stars: pre-main sequence, 01 natural sciences, Spectral line, Primary (astronomy), stars: low-mass, 0103 physical sciences, Spectroscopy, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Stellar evolution, Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR), 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP), Physics, [PHYS]Physics [physics], binaries: close, [SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astronomy and Astrophysics, Stars, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, techniques: imaging spectroscopy, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Noise (radio), Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract: 著者人数: 27名, Accepted: 2018-12-18, 資料番号: SA1180249000
Published: 2019
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17. Atmospheric Characterization and Further Orbital Modeling of $��$ And b

Author: Uyama, Taichi, Currie, Thayne, Hori, Yasunori, De Rosa, Robert J., Mede, Kyle, Brandt, Timothy D., Kwon, Jungmi, Guyon, Olivier, Lozi, Julien, Jovanovic, Nemanja, Martinache, Frantz, Kudo, Tomoyuki, Tamura, Motohide, Groff, Tyler, Chilcote, Jeffrey, Hayashi, Masahiko, McElwain, Michael W., Asensio-Torres, Ruben, Janson, Markus, Knapp, Gillian R., and Serabyn, Eugene
Subjects: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP), FOS: Physical sciences, Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
Abstract: We present $��$ Andromeda b's photometry and astrometry taken with Subaru/SCExAO+HiCIAO and Keck/NIRC2, combined with recently published SCExAO/CHARIS low-resolution spectroscopy and published thermal infrared photometry to further constrain the companion's atmospheric properties and orbit. $��$ And b's Y/Y-K colors are redder than field dwarfs, consistent with its youth and lower gravity. Empirical comparisons of its Y-band photometry and CHARIS spectrum to a large spectral library of isolated field dwarfs reaffirm the conclusion from Currie et al. (2018) that it likely has a low gravity but admit a wider range of most plausible spectral types (L0-L2). Our gravitational classification also suggests that the best-fit objects for $��$ And b may have lower gravity than those previously reported. Atmospheric models lacking dust/clouds fail to reproduce its entire 1--4.7 $��m$ spectral energy distribution, cloudy atmosphere models with temperatures of $\sim$ 1700--2000 $K$ better match $��$ And b data. Most well-fitting model comparisons favor 1700--1900 $K$, a surface gravity of log(g) $\sim$ 4--4.5, and a radius of 1.3--1.6\,$R_{\rm Jup}$; the best-fit model (DRIFT-Phoenix) yields the coolest and lowest-gravity values: $T_{\rm eff}$=1700 K and $\log g$=4.0. An update to $��$ And b's orbit with ExoSOFT using new astrometry spanning seven years reaffirms its high eccentricity ($0.77\pm0.08$). We consider a scenario where unseen companions are responsible for scattering $��$ And b to a wide separation and high eccentricity. If three planets, including $��$ And b, were born with coplanar orbits and one of them was ejected by gravitational scattering, a potential inner companion with mass $\gtrsim10M_{\rm Jup}$ could be located at $\lesssim$ 25 au., accepted for publication in AJ, typo fixed in ver.2
Published: 2019
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18. Dynamical masses of M -dwarf binaries in young moving groups

Author: Janson, Markus, Durkan, Stephen, Bonnefoy, Mickaël, Rodet, Laetitia, Köhler, Rainer, Lacour, Sylvestre, Brandner, Wolfgang, Henning, Thomas, Girard, Julien, Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie (MPIA), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA (UMR_8109)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), European Southern Observatory (ESO), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [PHYS]Physics [physics], [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2018
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19. WEIRD ! Wide orbit Exoplanet search with InfraRed Direct imaging

Author: Baron, Frédérique, Artigau, Etienne, Rameau, Julien, Lafrenière, David, Albert, Loic, Naud, Marie-Eve, Jonathan Gagné, Malo, Lison, Doyon, Rene, Beichman, Charles, Delorme, Philippe, and Janson, Markus
Abstract: This poster presens the results from the WEIRD survey.
Published: 2018
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20. Subaru/HiCIAO $HK_{\rm s}$ imaging of LkH$��$ 330 - multi-band detection of the gap and spiral-like structures

Author: Uyama, Taichi, Hashimoto, Jun, Muto, Takayuki, Akiyama, Eiji, Dong, Ruobing, de Leon, Jerome, Sakon, Itsuki, Kudo, Tomoyuki, Kusakabe, Nobuhiko, Kuzuhara, Masayuki, Bonnefoy, Mickael, Abe, Lyu, Brandner, Wolfgang, Brandt, Timothy D., Carson, Joseph C., Currie, Thayne, Egner, Sebastian, Feldt, Markus, Fung, Jeffrey, Goto, Miwa, Grady, Carol A., Guyon, Olivier, Hayano, Yutaka, Hayashi, Masahiko, Hayashi, Saeko S., Henning, Thomas, Hodapp, Klaus W., Ishii, Miki, Iye, Masanori, Janson, Markus, Kandori, Ryo, Knapp, Gillian R., Kwon, Jungmi, Matsuo, Taro, Mayama, Satoshi, Mcelwain, Michael W., Miyama, Shoken, Morino, Jun-Ichi, Moro-Martin, Amaya, Nishimura, Tetsuo, Pyo, Tae-Soo, Serabyn, Eugene, Sitko, Michael L., Suenaga, Takuya, Suto, Hiroshi, Suzuki, Ryuji, Takahashi, Yasuhiro H., Takami, Michihiro, Takato, Naruhisa, Terada, Hiroshi, Thalmann, Christian, Turner, Edwin L., Watanabe, Makoto, Wisniewski, John, Yamada, Toru, Yang, Yi, Takami, Hideki, Usuda, Tomonori, and Tamura, Motohide
Subjects: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP), FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract: We present $H$- and $K_{\rm s}$-bands observations of the LkH$��$ 330 disk with a multi-band detection of the large gap and spiral-like structures. The morphology of the outer disk ($r\sim$$0\farcs3$) at PA=0--45$^\circ$ and PA=180--290$^\circ$ are likely density wave-induced spirals and comparison between our observational results and simulations suggests a planet formation. We have also investigated the azimuthal profiles at the ring and the outer-disk regions as well as radial profiles in the directions of the spiral-like structures and semi-major axis. Azimuthal analysis shows a large variety in wavelength and implies that the disk has non-axisymmetric dust distributions. The radial profiles in the major-axis direction (PA=$271^\circ$) suggest that the outer region ($r\geq0\farcs25$) may be influenced by shadows of the inner region of the disk. The spiral-like directions (PA=10$^\circ$ and 230$^\circ$) show different radial profiles, which suggests that the surfaces of the spiral-like structures are highly flared and/or have different dust properties. Finally, a color-map of the disk shows a lack of an outer eastern region in the $H$-band disk, which may hint the presence of an inner object that casts a directional shadow onto the disk., 12pages, 16 figures, 2 tables, accepted for publication in AJ
Published: 2018
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21. The Fundamental Stellar Parameters of FGK Stars in the SEEDS Survey

Author: Rich, Evan A., Wisniewski, John P., McElwain, Michael W., Hashimoto, Jun, Kudo, Tomoyuki, Kusakabe, Nobuhiko, Okamoto, Yoshiko K., Abe, Lyu, Akiyama, Eiji, Brandner, Wolfgang, Brandt, Timothy D., Cargile, Phillip, Carson, Joseph C., Currie, Thayne M, Egner, Sebastian, Feldt, Markus, Fukagawa, Misato, Goto, Miwa, Grady, Carol A., Guyon, Olivier, Hayano, Yutaka, Hayashi, Masahiko, Hayashi, Saeko S., Hebb, Leslie, Helminiak, Krzysztof G., Henning, Thomas, Hodapp, Klaus W., Ishii, Miki, Iye, Masanori, Janson, Markus, Kandori, Ryo, Knapp, Gillian R., Kuzuhara, Masayuki, Kwon, Jungmi, Matsuo, Taro, Mayama, Satoshi, Miyama, Shoken, Momose, Munetake, Morino, Jun-Ichi, Moro-Martin, Amaya, Nakagawa, Takao, Nishimura, Tetsuo, Oh, Daehyeon, Pyo, Tae-Soo, Schlieder, Joshua, Serabyn, Eugene, Sitko, Michael L., Suenaga, Takuya, Suto, Hiroshi, Suzuki, Ryuji, Takahashi, Yasuhiro H., Takami, Michihiro, Takato, Naruhisa, Terada, Hiroshi, Thalmann, Christian, Tomono, Daigo, Turner, Edwin L., Watanabe, Makoto, Yamada, Toru, Takami, Hideki, Usuda, Tomonori, and Tamura, Motohide
Subjects: Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR), Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract: Large exoplanet surveys have successfully detected thousands of exoplanets to-date. Utilizing these detections and non-detections to constrain our understanding of the formation and evolution of planetary systems also requires a detailed understanding of the basic properties of their host stars. We have determined the basic stellar properties of F, K, and G stars in the Strategic Exploration of Exoplanets and Disks with Subaru (SEEDS) survey from echelle spectra taken at the Apache Point Observatory's 3.5m telescope. Using ROBOSPECT to extract line equivalent widths and TGVIT to calculate the fundamental parameters, we have computed Teff, log(g), vt, [Fe/H], chromospheric activity, and the age for our sample. Our methodology was calibrated against previously published results for a portion of our sample. The distribution of [Fe/H] in our sample is consistent with that typical of the Solar neighborhood. Additionally, we find the ages of most of our sample are $< 500 Myrs$, but note that we cannot determine robust ages from significantly older stars via chromospheric activity age indicators. The future meta-analysis of the frequency of wide stellar and sub-stellar companions imaged via the SEEDS survey will utilize our results to constrain the occurrence of detected co-moving companions with the properties of their host stars., 22 Pages, 10 Figures, 5 Tables. Published in MNRAS
Published: 2017

22. Subaru/SCExAO First-light Direct Imaging of a Young Debris Disk around HD 36546

Author: Currie, Thayne, Guyon, Olivier, Jovanovic, Nemanja, Lozi, Julien, Schlieder, Joshua E., Brandt, Timothy D., Kuhn, Jonas, Serabyn, Eugene, Janson, Markus, Carson, Joseph, Groff, Tyler, Kasdin, N. Jeremy, McElwain, Michael W., Singh, Garima, Uyama, Taichi, Akiyama, Eiji, Grady, Carol, Knapp, Gillian, Oh, Daehyeon, Wisniewski, John, Sitko, Michael, Yang, Yi, Tamura, Motohide, Kudo, Tomoyuki, Kuzuhara, Masayuki, Hayashi, Saeko, and Kwon, Jung-mi
Subjects: Planetesimal, Population, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, 010309 optics, law, Planet, 0103 physical sciences, Gemini Planet Imager, education, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Coronagraph, planetary systems, Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR), Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP), Physics, Debris disk, education.field_of_study, Star formation, Astronomy and Astrophysics, stars: solar-type, Stars, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, stars: individual (HD 36546), Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract: 著者人数: 27名, Accepted: 2017-01-10, 資料番号: SA1160262000
Published: 2017

23. Radial decoupling of small and large dust grains in the transitional disk RX J1615.3-3255

Author: Kooistra, Robin, Kamp, Inga, Menard, Francois, Abe, Lyu, Brandner, Wolfgang, Brandt, Timothy D., Carson, Joseph C., Egner, Sebastian E., Feldt, Markus, Grady, Carol A., Guyon, Olivier, Henning, Thomas, Hodapp, Klaus W., Janson, Markus, Knapp, Gillian R., McElwain, Michael W., Moro-Martin, Amaya, Pyo, Tae-Soo, Serabyn, Eugene, Suenaga, Takuya, Takahashi, Yasuhiro H., Takami, Michihiro, Thalmann, Christian, Turner, Edwin L., Wisniewski, John, Currie, Thayne, Akiyama, Eiji, Follette, Katherine B., Fukagawa, Misato, Momose, Munetake, Tsukagoshi, Takashi, Kudo, Tomoyuki, Kusakabe, Nobuhiko, Hashimoto, Jun, Goto, Miwa, Hayano, Yutaka, Hayashi, Masahiko, Hayashi, Saeko S., Ishii, Miki, Iye, Masanori, Kandori, Ryo, Kuzuhara, Masayuki, Kwon, Jungmi, Matsuo, Taro, Miyama, Shoken, Morino, Jun-Ichi, Nishimura, Tetsuo, Suto, Hiroshi, Suzuki, Ryuji, Takato, Naruhisa, Terada, Hiroshi, Tomono, Daigo, Watanabe, Makoto, Yamada, Toru, Takami, Hideki, Usuda, Tomonori, Tamura, Motohide, Mayama, Satoshi, Nakagawa, Takao, and Astronomy
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, HD 100546, T-TAURI STARS, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, CIRCUMSTELLAR DISK, 01 natural sciences, circumstellar matter, chemistry.chemical_compound, SPITZER C2D SURVEY, 0103 physical sciences, planets and satellites: formation, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR), Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Physics, planet-disk interactions, PLANET FORMATION, protoplanetary disks, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Decoupling (cosmology), LKCA 15, Position angle, Silicate, Interstellar medium, Interferometry, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, chemistry, Space and Planetary Science, YOUNG, Spectral energy distribution, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Subaru Telescope, MAIN-SEQUENCE STARS, Order of magnitude, SYSTEM
Abstract: 著者人数: 59名, Accepted: 2016-09-30, 資料番号: SA1160269000
Published: 2017

24. Future Astrometric Space Missions for Exoplanet Science

Author: Janson, Markus, Brandeker, Alexis, Boehm, Celine, and Alberto Krone-Martins
Subjects: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP), Physics::Space Physics, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract: High-precision astrometry at the sub-microarcsecond level opens up a window to study Earth-like planets in the habitable zones of Sun-like stars, and to determine their masses. It thus promises to play an important role in exoplanet science in the future. However, such precision can only be acquired from space, and requires dedicated instrumentation for a sufficient astrometric calibration. Here we present a series of concepts designed for handling this task. STARE is a small satellite concept dedicated to finding planets in the very nearest stellar systems, which offers a low-cost option toward the study of habitable planets. The NEAT concept is a set of two formation-flying satellites with the aim to survey the 200 nearest Sun-like stars for Earths in the habitable zone. Finally, THEIA is a proposal for an ESA M-class mission, with a single-unit telescope designed for both dark matter studies as well as a survey for habitable Earth-like planets among the 50 nearest stars. The concepts illustrate various possible paths and strategies for achieving exquisite astrometric performance, and thereby addressing key scientific questions regarding the distribution of habitability and life in the universe., Comment: 12 pages, 3 figures. Invited review to appear in 'Handbook of Exoplanets', Springer Reference Works, edited by Hans J. Deeg and Juan Antonio Belmonte
Published: 2017
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25. A substellar companion to Pleiades HII 3441

Author: Samland, Matthias, Sudo, Jun, Itoh, Yoichi, Abe, Lyu, Akiyama, Eiji, Brandner, Wolfgang, Brandt, Timothy D., Carson, Joseph C., Feldt, Markus, Grady, Carol A., Guyon, Olivier, Henning, Thomas, Hodapp, Klaus W., Janson, Markus, Knapp, Gillian R., Kwon, Jungmi, McElwain, Michael W., Mede, Kyle, Moro-martin, Amaya, Oh, Daehyeon, Pyo, Tae-Soo, Serabyn, Eugene, Schlieder, Joshua E., Suenaga, Takuya, Takahashi, Yasuhiro H., Takami, Michihiro, Thalmann, Christian, Turner, Edwin L., Wisniewski, John P., Konishi, Mihoko, Matsuo, Taro, Yamamoto, Kodai, Shibai, Hiroshi, Fukagawa, Misato, Sumi, Takahiro, Kudo, Tomoyuki, Hashimoto, Jun, Kuzuhara, Masayuki, Kusakabe, Nobuhiko, Goto, Miwa, Hayano, Yutaka, Hayashi, Masahiko, Hayashi, Saeko S., Ishii, Miki, Iye, Masanori, Kandori, Ryo, Miyama, Shoken, Morino, Jun-Ichi, Nishimura, Tetsuo, Suto, Hiroshi, Suzuki, Ryuji, Takato, Naruhisa, Terada, Hiroshi, Watanabe, Makoto, Yamada, Toru, Takami, Hideki, Usuda, Tomonori, and Tamura, Motohide
Subjects: Physics, Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP), Brown dwarf, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Spectral line, stars: imaging, 010309 optics, Stars, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, stars: low-mass, 0103 physical sciences, stars: individual (Pleiades HII 3441), Pleiades, Subaru Telescope, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Planetary mass, Methane absorption, Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR), Open cluster, brown dwarfs, Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract: 著者人数: 58名, Accepted: 2016-08-05, 資料番号: SA1160255000
Published: 2016

26. High-contrast imaging of ϵ Eridani with ground-based instruments

Author: Mizuki, Toshiyuki, Yamada, Toru, Carson, Joseph C., Kuzuhara, Masayuki, Nakagawa, Takao, Nishikawa, June, Sitko, Michael L., Kudo, Tomoyuki, Kusakabe, Nobuhiko, Hashimoto, Jun, Abe, Lyu, Brander, W., Brandt, Timothy D., Egner, Sebastian E., Feldt, Markus, Goto, Miwa, Grady, Carol A., Guyon, Olivier, Hayano, Yutaka, Hayashi, Masahiko, Hayashi, Saeko S., Henning, Thomas, Hodapp, Klaus W., Ishii, Miki, Iye, Masanori, Janson, Markus, Kandori, Ryo, Knapp, Gillian R., Kwon, Jungmi, Matsuo, Taro, McElwain, Michael W., Miyama, Shoken, Morino, Junichi, Moro-Martín, Amaya, Nishimura, Tetsuro, Pyo, Tae-Soo, Serabyn, Eugene, Suenaga, Takuya, Suto, Hiroshi, Suzuki, Ryuji, Takahashi, Yasuhiro H., Takami, Michihiro, Takato, Naruhisa, Terada, Hiroshi, Thalmann, Christian, Turner, Edwin L., Watanabe, Makoto, Wisniewski, John P., Takami, Hideki, Usuda, Tomonori, and Tamura, Motohide
Subjects: Planets and satellites: general, Instrumentation: adaptive optics, Techniques: image processing, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Stars: individual:ϵ Eridani, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, general, Techniques: image processing [Planets and satellites], Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract: ϵ Eridani is one of the nearest solar-type stars. Its proximity and relatively young age allow high-contrast imaging observations to achieve sensitivities to planets at narrow separations down to an inner radius of ~5 AU. Previous observational studies of the system report a dust disk with asymmetric morphology as well as a giant planet with large orbital eccentricity, which may require another massive companion to induce the peculiar morphology and to enhance the large orbital eccentricity. In this paper, we report results from deep high-contrastimaging observations to detect the previously reported planet and search for other unseen less massive companions with Subaru/HiCIAO, Gemini-South/NICI, and VLT/NACO. No positive detection was made, but high-contrast measurements with the CH4S narrow-band filter of HiCIAO achieved sensitivities at 14.7 mag differential magnitude level, at an angular separation of 1.0″. In terms of planetary mass, as determined by cooling evolutionary models, the highest sensitivities were achieved by the Lp broad-band filter of NACO, resulting in sensitivities corresponding to 1.8, 2.8, and 4.5 Mjup at the projected separation of 3 AU, if 200, 400, and 800 Myr is assumed for the age of the system, respectively. We also discuss origins of the dust disk from the detection sensitivity in the planetary mass and find that a less massive eccentric planet is preferred for disk stirring, which is consistent with the orbital parameters of ϵ Eri b claimed from the previous long-term radial velocity monitoring., Astronomy & Astrophysics, 595, ISSN:0004-6361, ISSN:1432-0746
Published: 2016

27. Extreme Asymmetry in the Disk of V1247 Ori

Author: Ohta, Yurina, Fukagawa, Misato, Sitko, Michael L., Muto, Takayuki, Kraus, Stefan, Grady, Carol A., Wisniewski, John P., Swearingen, Jeremy R., Shibai, Hiroshi, Sumi, Takahiro, Hashimoto, Jun, Kudo, Tomoyuki, Kusakabe, Nobuhiko, Momose, Munetake, Okamoto, Yoshiko, Kotani, Takayuki, Takami, Michihiro, Currie, Thayne, Thalmann, Christian, Janson, Markus, Akiyama, Eiji, Follette, Katherine B., Mayama, Satoshi, Abe, Lyu, Brandner, Wolfgang, Brandt, Timothy D., Carson, Joseph C., Egner, Sebastian E., Feldt, Markus, Goto, Miwa, Guyon, Olivier, Hayano, Yutaka, Hayashi, Masahiko, Hayashi, Saeko S., Henning, Thomas, Hodapp, Klaus W., Ishii, Miki, Iye, Masanori, Kandori, Ryo, Knapp, Gillian R., Kuzuhara, Masayuki, Kwon, Jungmi, Matsuo, Taro, McElwain, Michael W., Miyama, Shoken, Morino, Jun-Ichi, Moro-Martin, Amaya, Nishimura, Tetsuo, Pyo, Tae-Soo, Serabyn, Eugene, Suenaga, Takuya, Suto, Hiroshi, Suzuki, Ryuji, Takahashi, Yasuhiro H., Takami, Hideki, Takato, Naruhisa, Terada, Hiroshi, Tomono, Daigo, Turner, Edwin L., Usuda, Tomonori, Watanabe, Makoto, Yamada, Toru, and Tamura, Motohide
Subjects: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP), Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, FOS: Physical sciences, Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR), Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract: We present the first near-infrared scattered-light detection of the transitional disk around V1247 Ori, which was obtained using high-resolution polarimetric differential imaging observations with Subaru/HiCIAO. Our imaging in the H band reveals the disk morphology at separations of ~0.14"-0.86" (54-330 au) from the central star. The polarized intensity (PI) image shows a remarkable arc-like structure toward the southeast of the star, whereas the fainter northwest region does not exhibit any notable features. The shape of the arm is consistent with an arc of 0.28" $\pm$ 0.09" in radius (108 au from the star), although the possibility of a spiral arm with a small pitch angle cannot be excluded. V1247 Ori features an exceptionally large azimuthal contrast in scattered, polarized light; the radial peak of the southeastern arc is about three times brighter than the northwestern disk measured at the same distance from the star. Combined with the previous indication of an inhomogeneous density distribution in the gap at $\lesssim$46 au, the notable asymmetry in the outer disk suggests the presence of unseen companions and/or planet-forming processes ongoing in the arc., Comment: 21 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in PASJ
Published: 2016
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28. NEAR-INFRARED IMAGING POLARIMETRY OF INNER REGION OF GG TAU A DISK

Author: Yang, Yi, Rafikov, Roman, Akiyama, Eiji, Carson, Joseph C., Janson, Markus, Kwon, Jungmi, de, Leon Jerome, Oh, Daehyeon, Takami, Michihiro, Tang, Ya-wen, Abe, Lyu, Brandner, Wolfgang, Brandt, Timothy D., Egner, Sebastian, Feldt, Sebastian, Grady, Carol A., Guyon, Olivier, Henning, Thomas, Hodapp, Klaus W., Knapp, Gillian R., Mcelwain, Michael W., Moro-martin, Amaya, Pyo, Tae-Soo, Serabyn, Eugene, Suenaga, Takuya, Takahashi, Yasuhiro H., Thalmann, Christian, Turner, Edwin L., Wisniewski, John, Hashimoto, Jun, Hayashi, Saeko S., Tamura, Motohide, Mayama, Satoshi, Kudo, Tomoyuki, Kusakabe, Nobuhiko, Goto, Miwa, Hayano, Yutaka, Hayashi, Masahiko, Ishii, Miki, Iye, Masanori, Kandori, Ryo, Kuzuhara, Masayuki, Matsuo, Taro, Miyama, Shoken, Morino, Jun-Ichi, Nishimura, Tetsuo, Suto, Hiroshi, Suzuki, Ryuji, Takato, Naruhisa, Terada, Hiroshi, Watanabe, Makoto, Yamada, Toru, Takami, Hideki, and Usuda, Tomonori
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Polarimetry, FOS: Physical sciences, Binary number, stars: pre-main sequence, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Primary (astronomy), Planet, 0103 physical sciences, planets and satellites: formation, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Near infrared imaging, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR), Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP), Physics, binaries: close, protoplanetary disks, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Radius, Orbit, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Circumbinary planet, Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract: 著者人数: 54名, Accepted: 2016-10-28, 資料番号: SA1160254000
Published: 2016
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29. The relevance of prior inclination determination for direct imaging of Earth-like planets

Author: Janson, Markus
Subjects: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP), Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract: Direct imaging and characterization of extrasolar Earth-like planets is strongly impacted by the orbital inclination of the planet to be studied, as a combination of pure geometrical effects and the impact of exozodiacal dust. Here, we perform simulations to quantify the impact of a priori knowledge of inclination for the efficiency of a typical coronagraphic or occulter-based mission. The relative impact and complementarity with prior knowledge of exozodiacal brightness down to achievable levels is examined and discussed. It is found that inclination has an even greater impact than the exozodiacal brightness, though the two have excellent complementarity. We also discuss different methods for inclination determination, and their respective applicability to the context of precursor science to an imaging mission. It is found that if technologically achievable, a combined effort to determine inclinations and exozodiacal brightnesses with ground-based facilities would substantially increase the efficiency of a space-based dedicated mission to image and characterize Earth-like planets., Comment: 9 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Published: 2010
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30. Direct imaging searches for substellar companions to nearby stars

Author: Janson, Markus
Subjects: Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, 520 Astronomy and allied sciences
Abstract: Ever since the first detections of extrasolar planet candidates in the early 1990s, our knowledge of such objects has drastically increased, and exoplanet science today constitutes a major branch of astrophysics, with a few hundred individual detections. Our physical understanding is however limited by the fact that the planets are generally only detected indirectly, with just a few constraints on its orbital and physical parameters. Direct imaging of exoplanets, where the planet can be spatially resolved from the star, opens up for a much broader understanding of these objects, with the opportunity to study their spectral characteristics. Alternatively, eclipse spectroscopy, where the planetary signal can be temporally resolved in systems where the orbital plane of the planet happens to align with the line of sight of an observer, can be used for the same purpose. In this thesis, we study various approaches for direct imaging and spectroscopy of exoplanets from the ground, using combinations of adaptive optics and differential methods, in particular spectral and angular differential imaging. The possibility of using an external occulter for the purpose of decreasing the star-planet contrast is studied. We also investigate the possibility to calibrate theoretical mass-luminosity relationships in order to improve detection predictions and the interpretations of null-detection surveys. Scientific results include an improved age range of the AB Dor system thanks to the spatial distinguishing of AB Dor B as a close binary, and the best constrained upper limit to the H-band brightness of any known exoplanet ever achieved, from a deep imaging search for Eps Eri b.
Published: 2008
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31. Direct imaging of the young spectroscopic binary HD 160934

Author: Hormuth, F, Janson, Markus, Hippler, Stefan, Brandner, Wolfgang, Hormuth, Felix, Henning, T, Janson, M, Hippler, S, Brandner, W, and Henning, Thomas
Subjects: Diffraction, Physics, Astrophysics (astro-ph), Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, FOS: Physical sciences, Binary number, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Lucky imaging, law.invention, Radial velocity, Photometry (optics), Telescope, Stars, Space and Planetary Science, law, bepress|Physical Sciences and Mathematics|Astrophysics and Astronomy, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, AB Doradus moving group
Abstract: We report on the direct detection of a close companion to HD 160934, a young active star, SB1 spectroscopic binary, and suggested member of the AB Doradus moving group. High angular resolution at the Calar Alto 2.2m telescope was achieved by means of the Lucky Imaging technique, allowing direct imaging close to the diffraction limit in the SDSS z' band. Our results are combined with pre-discovery HST archive data, own UBVRI broadband photometry, published JHK magnitudes, and available radial velocity measurements to constrain the physical properties of the HD 160934 close binary. We suggest that the direct detection may be identical to the spectroscopically discovered companion., 5 pages, 1 figure, submitted to A&A
Published: 2006

32. Coronagraphic Upgrades at the VLT/NaCo: 4-Micron APP Enhanced Spectroscopy?

Author: Girard, Julien H. V., Janson, Markus, Quanz, Sascha P., Matthew Kenworthy, Meyer, Michael R., Kasper, Markus, Lenzen, Rainer, and Wehmeier, Udo

33. Three Years of SPHERE: The Latest View of the Morphology and Evolution of Protoplanetary Discs

Author: Garufi, Antonio, Benisty, Myriam, Stolker, Tomas, Avenhaus, Henning, De Boer, Jos, Pohl, Adriana, Quanz, Sascha P., Dominik, Carsten, Ginski, Christian, Thalmann, Christian, Van Boekel, Roy, Boccaletti, Anthony, Henning, Thomas, Janson, Markus, Salter, Graeme, Schmid, Hans Martin, Sissa, Elena, Langlois, Maud, Beuzit, Jean-Luc, Chauvin, Gaël, Mouillet, David, Augereau, Jean-Charles, Bazzon, Andreas, Biller, Beth, Bonnefoy, Mickael, Buenzli, Esther, Cheetham, Anthony, Daemgen, Sebastian, Desidera, Silvano, Engler, Natalia, Feldt, Markus, Girard, Julien, Gratton, Raffaele, Hagelberg, Janis, Keller, Christoph, Keppler, Miriam, Kenworthy, Matthew, Kral, Quentin, Lopez, Bruno, Maire, Anne-Lise, Menard, François, Mesa, Dino, Messina, Sergio, Meyer, Michael R., Milli, Julien, Min, Michiel, Muller, André, Olofsson, Johan, Pawellek, Nicole, Pinte, Christophe, Szulagyi, Judit, Vigan, Arthur, Wahhaj, Zahed, Waters, Rens, and Zurlo, Alice
Subjects: 010308 nuclear & particles physics, 0103 physical sciences, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract: Spatially resolving the immediate surroundings of young stars is a key challenge for the planet formation community. SPHERE on the VLT represents an important step forward by increasing the opportunities offered by optical or near-infrared imaging instruments to image protoplanetary discs. The Guaranteed Time Observation Disc team has concentrated much of its efforts on polarimetric differential imaging, a technique that enables the efficient removal of stellar light and thus facilitates the detection of light scattered by the disc within a few au from the central star. These images reveal intriguing complex disc structures and diverse morphological features that are possibly caused by ongoing planet formation in the disc. An overview of the recent advances enabled by SPHERE is presented., Published in The Messenger vol. 169, pp. 32-37, September 2017.

34. First scattered light detection of a nearly edge-on transition disk around the T Tauri star RY Lupi

Author: Langlois, Maud, Pohl, Adriana, Lagrange, Anne-Marie, Maire, Anne-Lise, Mesa, Dino, Boccaletti, Anthony, Gratton, Raffaele G., Denneulin, Laurence, Klahr, Hubert, Vigan, Arthur, Benisty, Myriam, Dominik, Carsten, Bonnefoy, Mickaël, Ménard, François, Avenhaus, Henning, Cheetham, Anthony, Van Boekel, Roy, De Boer, Jos, Chauvin, Gaël, Desidera, Silvano, Feldt, Markus, Galicher, Raphaël, Ginski, Christian, Girard, Julien H., Henning, Thomas, Janson, Markus, Kopytova, Taisiya G., Kral, Quentin, Ligi, Roxanne, Messina, Sergio, Peretti, Sébastien, Pinte, Christophe, Sissa, Elena, Stolker, Tomas, Zurlo, Alice, Magnard, Yves, Blanchard, Philippe, Buey, Tristan, Suárez Valles, Marcos, Cascone, Enrico, Möller-Nilsson, Ole, Weber, Luc, Petit, Cyril, and Pragt, Johan H.
Subjects: planet-disk interactions, techniques: polarimetric, 13. Climate action, protoplanetary disks, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, methods: observational, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, methods: numerical
Abstract: Context. Transition disks are considered sites of ongoing planet formation, and their dust and gas distributions could be signposts of embedded planets. The transition disk around the T Tauri star RY Lup has an inner dust cavity and displays a strong silicate emission feature. Aims. Using high-resolution imaging we study the disk geometry, including non-axisymmetric features, and its surface dust grain, to gain a better understanding of the disk evolutionary process. Moreover, we search for companion candidates, possibly connected to the disk. Methods. We obtained high-contrast and high angular resolution data in the near-infrared with the VLT/SPHERE extreme adaptive optics instrument whose goal is to study the planet formation by detecting and characterizing these planets and their formation environments through direct imaging. We performed polarimetric imaging of the RY Lup disk with IRDIS (at 1.6 μm), and obtained intensity images with the IRDIS dual-band imaging camera simultaneously with the IFS spectro-imager (0.9–1.3 μm). Results. We resolved for the first time the scattered light from the nearly edge-on circumstellar disk around RY Lup, at projected separations in the 100 au range. The shape of the disk and its sharp features are clearly detectable at wavelengths ranging from 0.9 to 1.6 μm. We show that the observed morphology can be interpreted as spiral arms in the disk. This interpretation is supported by in-depth numerical simulations. We also demonstrate that these features can be produced by one planet interacting with the disk. We also detect several point sources which are classified as probable background objects., Astronomy & Astrophysics, 614, ISSN:0004-6361, ISSN:1432-0746

35. Perturbers: SPHERE detection limits to planetary-mass companions in protoplanetary disks

Author: Asensio-Torres, Rubén, Henning, Thomas, Cantalloube, Faustine, Pinilla, Paola, Mesa, Dino, Garufi, Antonio, Jorquera, Sebastian, Gratton, Raffaele, Chauvin, Gaël, Szulágyi, Judit, van Boekel, Roy, Dong, Ruobing, Marleau, Gabriel-Dominique, Benisty, Myriam, Villenave, Marion, Bergez-Casalou, Camille, Desgrange, Célia, Janson, Markus, Keppler, Miriam, Langlois, Maud, Ménard, François, Rickman, Emily L., Stolker, Tomas, Feldt, Markus, Fusco, Thierry, Glück, Laurence, Pavlov, Alexey I., and Ramos, José R.
Subjects: planet-disk interactions, 13. Climate action, planets and satellites, protoplanetary disks, detection, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, techniques, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, high angular resolution, image processing
Abstract: The detection of a wide range of substructures such as rings, cavities, and spirals has become a common outcome of high spatial resolution imaging of protoplanetary disks, both in the near-infrared scattered light and in the thermal millimetre continuum emission. The most frequent interpretation of their origin is the presence of planetary-mass companions perturbing the gas and dust distribution in the disk (perturbers), but so far the only bona fide detection has been the two giant planets carving the disk around PDS 70. Here, we present a sample of 15 protoplanetary disks showing substructures in SPHERE scattered-light images and a homogeneous derivation of planet detection limits in these systems. To obtain mass limits we rely on different post-formation luminosity models based on distinct formation conditions, which are critical in the first million years of evolution. We also estimate the mass of these perturbers through a Hill radius prescription and a comparison to ALMA data. Assuming that one single planet carves each substructure in scattered light, we find that more massive perturbers are needed to create gaps within cavities than rings, and that we might be close to a detection in the cavities of RX J1604.3-2130A, RX J1615.3-3255, Sz Cha, HD 135344B, and HD 34282. We reach typical mass limits in these cavities of 3-10 M-Jup. For planets in the gaps between rings, we find that the detection limits of SPHERE high-contrast imaging are about an order of magnitude away in mass, and that the gaps of PDS 66 and HD 97048 seem to be the most promising structures for planet searches. The proposed presence of massive planets causing spiral features in HD 135344B and HD 36112 are also within SPHERE's reach assuming hot-start models. These results suggest that the current detection limits are able to detect hot-start planets in cavities, under the assumption that they are formed by a single perturber located at the centre of the cavity. More realistic planet mass constraints would help to clarify whether this is actually the case, which might indicate that perturbers are not the only way of creating substructures., Astronomy & Astrophysics, 652, ISSN:0004-6361, ISSN:1432-0746

36. Strong H-alpha emission and signs of accretion in a circumbinary planetary mass companion from MUSE

Author: Ringqvist, Simon C., Torres, Rubén Asensio, Janson, Markus, Yuhiko Aoyama, Gabriel-Dominique Marleau, Bonnefoy, Mickael, and Petrus, Simon
Subjects: Young stars, Accretion, 13. Climate action, Very low mass stars, Circumbinary, Exoplanet
Abstract: With the recent addition of the Narrow Field Mode (NFM), the Multi Unit Spectroscopic Explorer (MUSE) integral-field spectrograph on VLT UT4 now offers an AO-corrected field of view of 7.5'' x 7.5'' with a mean resolution of 3000 at 480-930 nm. Using MUSE in NFM we have observed 2MASS J01033563-5515561 (AB) b (Delorme 1 (AB) b), a 47 pc distant 12-14 MJup object orbiting a pair of young M5 stars at 84 AU (Eriksson et al. 2020). Observations covered 2.5 hours and obtained a near-visual spectrum (4750-9350 Å) of this hot, young planet/brown dwarf, in addition to resolving both components of the 0.25’’ binary (Fig. 1). Here we present some highlights from our analysis of Delorme 1 (AB) b in Eriksson et al. (2020, A&A 638, L6). The most interesting one being very strong H𝛼 emission, 17 times the local continuum with a mean equivalent width of -138+-13 Å, accompanied by H𝛽 and weaker He I lines. Together, these lines provide a strong indication that Delorme 1 (AB) b could be actively accreting, possibly putting it at tension with its estimated age of 30-45 Myr, or hinting at the presence of an unusually old disk., NB. Last name change from Eriksson to Ringqvist in February 2021.

37. Theia: Faint objects in motion or the new astrometry frontier

Author: Boehm, Céline, Krone-Martins, Alberto, Amorim, António, Anglada-Escudé, Guillem, Brandeker, Alexis, Courbin, Frederic, Enßlin, Torsten, Falcão, António, Freese, Katherine, Holl, Berry, Labadie, Lucas, Leger, Alain, Malbet, Fabien, Mamon, Gary, Mcarthur, Barbara, Mora, Alcione, Shao, Michael, Sozzetti, Alessandro, Spolyar, Douglas, Villaver, Eva, Albertus, Conrado, Bertone, Stefano, Bouy, Hervé, Boylan-Kolchin, Michael, Brown, Anthony, Brown, Warren, Cardoso, Vitor, Chemin, Laurent, Claudi, Riccardo, Correia, Alexandre C. M., Crosta, Mariateresa, Crouzier, Antoine, Cyr-Racine, Francis-Yan, Damasso, Mario, Da Silva, António, Davies, Melvyn, Das, Payel, Dayal, Pratika, Val-Borro, Miguel, Diaferio, Antonaldo, Erickcek, Adrienne, Fairbairn, Malcolm, Fortin, Morgane, Fridlund, Malcolm, Garcia, Paulo, Gnedin, Oleg, Goobar, Ariel, Gordo, Paulo, Goullioud, Renaud, Hambly, Nigel, Hara, Nathan, Hobbs, David, Hog, Erik, Holland, Andrew, Ibata, Rodrigo, Jordi, Carme, Klioner, Sergei, Kopeikin, Sergei, Lacroix, Thomas, Laskar, Jacques, Le Poncin-Lafitte, Christophe, Luri, Xavier, Majumdar, Subhabrata, Makarov, Valeri, Massey, Richard, Mennesson, Bertrand, Michalik, Daniel, Almeida, André Moitinho, Mourão, Ana, Moustakas, Leonidas, Murray, Neil, Muterspaugh, Matthew, Oertel, Micaela, Ostorero, Luisa, Perez-Garcia, Angeles, Platais, Imants, I Portell I Mora, Jord, Quirrenbach, Andreas, Randall, Lisa, Read, Justin, Regos, Eniko, Rory, Barnes, Rybicki, Krzysztof, Scott, Pat, Schneider, Jean, Jakub Scholtz, Siebert, Arnaud, Tereno, Ismael, Tomsick, John, Traub, Wesley, Valluri, Monica, Walker, Matt, Walton, Nicholas, Watkins, Laura, White, Glenn, Evans, Dafydd Wyn, Wyrzykowski, Lukasz, Wyse, Rosemary, Abbas, Ummi, Alimi, Jean-Michel, Altmann, Martin, Alves, João, Anderson, Richard, Arenou, Frédéric, Bailer-Jones, Coryn, Carlton, Baugh, Biermann, Michael, Blanco-Cuaresma, Sergi, Bonomo, Aldo Stefano, Broderick, Avery, Busso, Giorgia, Cabrera, Juan, Carrasco, Josep Manel, Carvalho, Carla Sofia, Castellani, Marco, Cermeño-Gavilán, Marina, Chadwick, Paula, Darling, Jeremy, Davidson, Michael, Angeli, Francesca, Carvalho, Reinaldo, Desidera, Silvano, Done, Chris, Ducourant, Christine, Erkal, Denis, Eyer, Laurent, Famey, Benoit, Feltzing, Sofia, Garcia, Emilio Fraile, Gomez, Facundo Ariel, Frenk, Carlos, Gai, Mario, Galli, Phillip, Galluccio, Laurent, Gavras, Panagiotis, Giacobbe, Paolo, Gratton, Raffaele, Guglielmetti, Fabrizia, Gunther, Eike, Hall, David, Harrison, Diana, Hatzes, Artie, Hestroffer, Daniel, Ishida, Emille, Jablonka, Pascale, Jacobs, Christopher, Janson, Markus, Jasche, Jens, Jauzac, Mathilde, Jones, Hugh, Jonker, Peter, Julbe, Francesc, Kneib, Jean-Paul, Kordopatis, Georges, Lancon, Arianne, Lattanzi, Mario Gilberto, Leguidou, Jean-Michel, Lehnert, Matt, Lehto, Harry, Lopes, Ilidio, Maldonado, Jesus, Marconi, Marcella, Martin, Nicolas, Marie-Elisabeth, Maury, Mazumdar, Anupam, Michtchenko, Tatiana, Minardi, Stefano, Munoz, Carlos, Murante, Giuseppe, Musella, Ilaria, Gerhard, Ortwin, Pagano, Isabella, Pani, Paolo, Paetzold, Martin, Daniel, Pfenniger, Piotto, Giampaolo, Preis, Olivier, Produit, Nicolas, Prost, Jean-Pierre, Rauer, Heike, Raymond, Sean, Reinaldo, Rosa, Revaz, Yves, Rita, Ribeiro, Rimoldini, Lorenzo, Huguet, Arnau Rios, Ripepi, Vincenzo, Rocci, Pier-Francesco, Rodriguez Frias, Maria D., Rosa, Reinaldo R., Sahlmann, Johannes, Saltas, Ippocratis, E E Lemos, José Pizarro Sand, Sarro, Luis M., Schaefer, Bjoern Malte, Schewtschenko, Jascha, Segransan, Damien, Selsis, Franck, Silk, Joe, Silva, Manuel, Solitro, Filomena, Spagna, Alessandro, Springel, Volker, Süveges, Maria, Teixeira, Ramachrisna, Shindou, Tetsuo, Thebault, Philippe, Tian, Feng, Turon, Catherine, Valle, José W. F., Vasiliev, Eugene, Vladilo, Juan, Martin, Vollmann, Ward, Martin, Weller, Jochen, Wilkinson, Mark, Wolf, Sebastian, Xiaoting, Fu, Yamada, Yoshiyuki, Zschocke, Sven, Zucker, Shay, Institut d'astrophysique spatiale (IAS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Observatoire de Paris - Site de Paris (OP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Mécanique Céleste et de Calcul des Ephémérides (IMCCE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Lille-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA), Observatoire de Paris - Site de Meudon (OBSPM), Observatoire de Paris, Laboratoire Univers et Théories (LUTH (UMR_8102)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Galaxies, Etoiles, Physique, Instrumentation (GEPI), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Bordeaux [Pessac] (LAB), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur (OCA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP), Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Joseph Louis LAGRANGE (LAGRANGE), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Theia, Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université de Lille-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Observatoire de Paris, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and HEP, INSPIRE
Subjects: [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], Physics::Space Physics, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract: In the context of the ESA M5 (medium mission) call we proposed a new satellite mission, Theia, based on relative astrometry and extreme precision to study the motion of very faint objects in the Universe. Theia is primarily designed to study the local dark matter properties, the existence of Earth-like exoplanets in our nearest star systems and the physics of compact objects. Furthermore, about 15 $\%$ of the mission time was dedicated to an open observatory for the wider community to propose complementary science cases. With its unique metrology system and "point and stare" strategy, Theia's precision would have reached the sub micro-arcsecond level. This is about 1000 times better than ESA/Gaia's accuracy for the brightest objects and represents a factor 10-30 improvement for the faintest stars (depending on the exact observational program). In the version submitted to ESA, we proposed an optical (350-1000nm) on-axis TMA telescope. Due to ESA Technology readiness level, the camera's focal plane would have been made of CCD detectors but we anticipated an upgrade with CMOS detectors. Photometric measurements would have been performed during slew time and stabilisation phases needed for reaching the required astrometric precision., Comment: http://theia.phyip3.dur.ac.uk

38. A wide-orbit giant planet in the high-mass b Centauri binary system

Author: Markus Janson, Raffaele Gratton, Laetitia Rodet, Arthur Vigan, Mickaël Bonnefoy, Philippe Delorme, Eric E. Mamajek, Sabine Reffert, Lukas Stock, Gabriel-Dominique Marleau, Maud Langlois, Gaël Chauvin, Silvano Desidera, Simon Ringqvist, Lucio Mayer, Gayathri Viswanath, Vito Squicciarini, Michael R. Meyer, Matthias Samland, Simon Petrus, Ravit Helled, Matthew A. Kenworthy, Sascha P. Quanz, Beth Biller, Thomas Henning, Dino Mesa, Natalia Engler, Joseph C. Carson, University of Zurich, Janson, Markus, Stockholm University, INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova (OAPD), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Météo-France -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Météo-France, Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Landessternwarte Königstuhl [ZAH] (LSW), Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg] = Heidelberg University, Institut für Astronomie und Astrophysik [Tübingen] (IAAT), Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen = Eberhard Karls University of Tuebingen, Physikalisches Institut [Bern], Universität Bern [Bern] (UNIBE), Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie (MPIA), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Centre de Recherche Astrophysique de Lyon (CRAL), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Franco-Chilien d'Astronomie (LFCA), Universidad de Chile = University of Chile [Santiago] (UCHILE)-Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile (UC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Universidad de Concepción - University of Concepcion [Chile], Universität Zürich [Zürich] = University of Zurich (UZH), Leiden Observatory [Leiden], Universiteit Leiden, SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy [Edinburgh], University of Edinburgh, and Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich)
Subjects: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP), 1000 Multidisciplinary, astro-ph.SR, Multidisciplinary, 530 Physics, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Earth and planetary astrophysics, Astrophysics - solar and stellar astrophysics, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], 10231 Institute for Computational Science, astro-ph.EP, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
Abstract: Planet formation occurs around a wide range of stellar masses and stellar system architectures. An improved understanding of the formation process can be achieved by studying it across the full parameter space, particularly toward the extremes. Earlier studies of planets in close-in orbits around high-mass stars have revealed an increase in giant planet frequency with increasing stellar mass until a turnover point at 1.9 solar masses, above which the frequency rapidly decreases. This could potentially imply that planet formation is impeded around more massive stars, and that giant planets around stars exceeding 3 solar masses may be rare or non-existent. However, the methods used to detect planets in small orbits are insensitive to planets in wide orbits. Here we demonstrate the existence of a planet at 560 times the Sun-Earth distance from the 6-10 solar mass binary b Centauri through direct imaging. The planet-to-star mass ratio of 0.10-0.17% is similar to the Jupiter-Sun ratio, but the separation of the detected planet is ~100 times wider than that of Jupiter. Our results show that planets can reside in much more massive stellar systems than what would be expected from extrapolation of previous results. The planet is unlikely to have formed in-situ through the conventional core accretion mechanism, but might have formed elsewhere and arrived to its present location through dynamical interactions, or might have formed via gravitational instability., Comment: Manuscript version. Published in Nature 9 December 2021
Published: 2021
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