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to develop a care bundle for best practices in conducting the family interview for organ and tissue donation with the families of children and adolescents.methodological study, with a qualitative approach, developed in Brazil, in three stages: literature review, qualitative study with professionals and family members, and development of the care bundle.Nine studies were selected and 17 health professionals and nine family members were interviewed. With this data, the care bundle was developed in three categories: communication of death, emotional support and information about organ and tissue donation. The recommendations were evaluated by five external professionals and all of them assessed the bundle as having the highest possible quality.the care bundle was built following the stages of integrative literature review and interviews with professionals working in this scenario and family members who have already gone through a family interview for organ and tissue donation of children and adolescents.the use of this material is seen as an important resource to support the professional during the conduction of the family interview in a scenario as sensitive and challenging as the care to family members facing death and the decision of organ and tissue donation of children and adolescents. Furthermore, the care bundle can increase the quality of family interviews and impact the reduction of family refusals.Practice Guideline as Topic. Tissue and Organ Procurement. Patient Care Team. Nursing. Pediatrics. Communication.

Introduction: problems related to sleep have destructive effects on psychomotor skills, memory, decision making and concentration, which can influence the occurrence of accidents and errors. Bus drivers are subject to the company’s strict rules in respecting timetables, caring for the vehicle and being responsible for the daily transport of people. Objective: to analyze the sleep quality of urban public transport drivers in the city of Rio Branco, Acre, Brazil. Methods: this is a cross-sectional study developed in the city of Rio Branco, Acre, Brazil. The sample consisted of 80 drivers. To check the quality of sleep, the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Questionnaire was used. The anthropometric variables used were neck circumference, waist circumference, skinfolds, and body mass index. The non-parametric test of Spearmand 0.05 (5%) was used to associate. Results: participants were aged between 24 and 60 years, male. 81.25% of drivers had poor sleep quality according to the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Questionnaire (>5). 75% of participants have excessive body mass index and 67.5% with risky waist circumference. The neck circumference, 60% had increased values and 78.75% with the percentage of fat above the recommended. There was a strong correlation between all components and with the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Questionnaire. Conclusion: an association between poor sleep and body mass index and neck circumference has been demonstrated. It also showed a strong correlation between all components with the result of the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Questionnaire.

Aim To explore and synthesize the literature on factors related to mammography screening adherence among women in Brazil. Design A scoping review. Methods We searched 11 databases for studies published between 2006–January 2020. All identified articles were screened, and data were extracted from eligible studies. We used the UK Government Social Research Service weight of evidence appraisal tool to appraise the quality of the included study. Results From a total of 1,384 identified articles, 22 were retained. All included studies used quantitative, non‐experimental methods and all but two studies used cross‐sectional data. Quality of evidence varied across studies. We identified 41 factors that were investigated across the set of studies. Demographic and socio‐economic factors were the most commonly investigated, with older age, urban residence, living in the southeast of Brazil, higher level of education, higher income and private health insurance most consistently associated with mammography adherence.

Background Brazil is among the countries in South America where the COVID-19 pandemic has hit the general population hardest. Self-testing for SARS-CoV-2 infection is one of the community-based strategies that could help asymptomatic individuals at-risk of COVID-19, as well as those living in areas that are difficult for health personnel to reach, to know their infectious status and contribute to impeding further transmission of the virus. Methods A population-based survey was conducted in November 2021, to assess the acceptability of rapid SARS-CoV-2 antigen self-testing among the population of São Paulo. Survey respondents were approached at more than 400 different street-points that were randomly selected using a five-stage randomization process. A 35-item structured questionnaire was used. Dependent variables for our analyses were the likelihood to use and willingness to pay for self-testing, and the likelihood of taking preventive measures to prevent onward transmission of SARS-CoV-2 following a reactive self-test result. Bivariate and multivariate regression analyses were performed. Results Overall, 417 respondents (44.12% female) participated; 19.66% had previously had COVID-19 disease. A minority (9.59%) felt at high-risk of COVID-19. The majority of both females and males (73.91% and 60.09%, respectively) were in favor of the idea of SARS-CoV-2 self-testing. Overall, if self-tests were available, almost half of the sample would be very likely (n = 54, 12.95%) or likely (n = 151, 36.21%) to use one if they felt they needed to. Upon receiving a positive self-test result, the majority of respondents would communicate it (88.49%), request facility-based post-test counseling (98.32%), self-isolate (97.60%), and warn their close contacts (96.64%). Conclusion Rapid SARS-CoV-2 antigen self-testing could be an acceptable screening tool in São Paulo. The population would be empowered by having access to a technology that would allow them to test, even if asymptomatic, when traveling, or going to work or school. If there is a surge in the incidence of cases, self-testing could be a good approach for mass case detection by Brazil’s already overstretched Unified Health System.

Background The pain associated with childbirth is a cause of severe pain, and the literature suggests that it can be influenced by psychosocial influences, the environment, and cognitive processes, creating the overall experience of childbirth. Therefore, the investigation of women's childbirth pain experience is essential. Aim The purpose of this study is to understand women's childbirth pain and determine which influences can contribute to building different experiences. Method A qualitative descriptive approach was adopted to explore the women’s childbirth pain experiences, by understanding the influences on their experiences. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with 21 women in a hospital setting in Sao Paulo, Brazil, and analysed by thematic analysis. Results Three major themes emerged from the analysis: (1) experiencing childbirth pain, (2) face-to-face with pain, and (3) empowerment needs. Discussion Many factors influence how Brazilian women manage pain and shape their experience during childbirth. The findings suggest that when women had a positive experience, they asked for minimal support, demonstrated balance, and expressed that the pain was manageable; when they had unfavourable experiences, they regarded pain as a threat and a punishment and associated it with unpleasant emotions. Conclusion The results outlined concerns that should be addressed in the provision of specific, appropriate care for women, to support them in improving their experience during childbirth.

Objective: To characterize adverse events in cells, tissue, and organs donation, and transplantation notified in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. Method: Descriptive study with quantitative approach. Data provided by Transplantation Central of São Paulo from the “Individual notification form of adverse reactions in Biovigilance”, of the FormSUS platform, between 2016 and 2019, and categorized according to the nomenclature recommended by the World Health Organization regarding nature and type of event, severity, and imputability. Analysis was performed using descriptive statistics. Results: Fifty-two notifications were characterized, 90.4% related to the recipient, 78.8% from allogeneic procedures, 48.2% related to organs, and 44.2% to hematopoietic stem cells. The causes of notifications were infections (55.7%), other ones (30.8%), and neoplasms (13.5%). Most of the events were moderate (44.3%), and 36.5% were confirmed. Conclusion: It was possible to identify the scenario of biovigilance in the state, visualizing that the main adverse events are related to the receptor from allogeneic procedures. In addition, the major cause of adverse events in the state of São Paulo are infections, especially those caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Klebsiellapneumoniae. The characterization of these events can support the development of safety strategies to prevent recurrence, the realization of institutional training and public policies to encourage notification and expand the understanding of adverse events in this scenario, since it is only possible to ensure quality and safety in health care, especially in the context of donations and transplants, from the recognition of reality.

Objetivo: Caracterizar os eventos adversos em doação e transplantes de células, tecidos e órgãos notificados no estado de São Paulo. Método: Estudo descritivo de abordagem quantitativa. Os dados foram fornecidos pela Central Estadual de Transplantes do estado de São Paulo, por intermédio da “Ficha de notificação individual de reações adversas em Biovigilância”, da plataforma FormSUS, entre 2016 e 2019, e categorizados conforme nomenclatura preconizada pela Organização Mundial da Saúde quanto a: natureza e tipo do evento, gravidade e imputabilidade. Análise realizada por meio de estatística descritiva. Resultados: Foram caracterizadas 52 notificações, 90,4% relacionadas ao receptor, 78,8% a procedimentos alogênicos, 48,2% a órgãos e 44,2% a células-tronco hematopoéticas. As causas de notificação foram infecções (55,7%), outras (30,8%) e neoplasias (13,5%). A maior parte dos eventos notificados apresentou desfecho moderado (44,3%), e 36,5% das notificações foram imputadas como confirmadas. Conclusão: Foi possível identificar o cenário da biovigilância no estado, visualizando que os principais eventos adversos estão relacionados ao receptor mediante procedimentos alogênicos. Também, a maior causa de eventos adversos no estado de São Paulo são as infecções, especialmente causadas por Mycobacterium tuberculosis e Klebsiella pneumoniae. A caracterização desses eventos pode subsidiar o desenvolvimento de estratégias de segurança a fim de prevenir a recorrência, a realização de capacitações institucionais e políticas públicas em busca de incentivar a notificação e ampliar a compreensão dos eventos adversos nesse cenário, uma vez que só é possível assegurar qualidade e segurança na assistência à saúde, sobretudo no contexto das doações e dos transplantes, pelo reconhecimento da realidade.

Resumen:Objetivo: Caracterizar los eventos adversos en la donación y trasplante de células, tejidos y órganos informados en el estado de São Paulo. Método: Estudio descriptivo con enfoque cuantitativo. Los datos fueron proporcionados por el Centro Estatal de Trasplantes del estado de São Paulo, a partir del “Formulario de notificación individual de reacciones adversas en Biovigilancia” de la plataforma FormSUS entre 2016 y 2019. Categorizados según la nomenclatura recomendada por la Organización Mundial de la Salud en cuanto a: naturaleza y tipo de evento, gravedad y imputabilidad. Análisis realizado mediante estadística descriptiva. Resultados: se caracterizaron 52 notificaciones, 90,4% relacionadas con el receptor, 78,8% de procedimientos alogénicos, 48,2% relacionadas con órganos y 44,2% con células madre hematopoyéticas. Las causas de notificación fueron infecciones (55,7%), otras causas (30,8%) y neoplasias (13,5%). La mayoría de los eventos informados tuvieron resultados moderados (44,3 %) y el 36,5 % de los informes se consideraron confirmados. Conclusión: Se logró identificar el escenario de biovigilancia en el estado, visualizando que los principales eventos adversos están relacionados al receptor de procedimientos alogénicos. Además, la mayor causa de eventos adversos en el estado de São Paulo son las infecciones, especialmente las causadas por M. tuberculosis y K. pneumoniae. La caracterización de estos eventos puede apoyar el desarrollo de estrategias de seguridad para prevenir la recurrencia, la realización de capacitaciones institucionales y políticas públicas para incentivar la notificación y ampliar la comprensión de los eventos adversos en este escenario. Ya que sólo es posible garantizar la calidad y la seguridad en la atención sanitaria, especialmente en el contexto de las donaciones y trasplantes, desde el reconocimiento de la realidad.

Background Statistics indicate low utilization of potential donors, where only about one-third are converted into actual donors. In this context, it is plausible to argue that many potential donors are not hemodynamically stable for harvesting multiple organs since the procedures for maintaining parameters of stability may not be a priority in all critical care units in the country. Thus, it is necessary to identify losses of potential donors due to hemodynamic maintenance since reversing this situation enable minimizing mortality on waiting lists. Methods This was a retrospective quantitative study, based on information sent to Notification, Organ Procurement, and Distribution Centers by reporting hospitals in the state of Sao Paulo, using the Death Information Form regarding the specifics of each death registered in their intensive care units and emergency rooms. Results Hemodynamic instability contributed to a loss of 537 potential donors, corresponding to 61.9% of failures to obtain potentially transplantable organs. Conclusion Of the 33,175 cases of death reported, 867 fulfilled the criteria to be possible and potential donors (ie, patients diagnosed with brain death). Among these cases, 38.1% fulfilled Criterion 3 (ie, they were hemodynamically stable and in ideal organ donation condition). Therefore, this study concludes that losses due to maintenance occurred in 537 brain dead patients. This finding highlights the importance of investing in the development of competencies of professionals who work in critical care units to increase the number of multiple organ and tissue donors and reduce waiting lists.

Background Brazil is among the countries in South America where the COVID-19 pandemic has hit the general population hardest. Self-testing for SARS-CoV-2 infection is one of the community-based strategies that could help asymptomatic individuals at-risk of COVID-19, as well as those living in areas that are difficult for health personnel to reach, to know their infectious status and contribute to impeding further transmission of the virus. Methods A population-based survey was conducted in November 2021, to assess the acceptability of rapid SARS-CoV-2 antigen self-testing among the population of São Paulo. Survey respondents were approached at more than 400 different street-points that were randomly selected using a five-stage randomization process. A 35-item structured questionnaire was used. Dependent variables for our analyses were the likelihood to use and willingness to pay for self-testing, and the likelihood of taking preventive measures to prevent onward transmission of COVID-19 following a reactive self-test result. Bivariate and multivariate regression analyses were performed. Results Overall,417 respondents (44.12% female) participated; 19.66% had previously had COVID-19 disease. A minority (9.59%) felt at high-risk of COVID-19. The majority of both females and males (73.91% and 60.09%, respectively) were in favor of the idea of COVID-19 self-testing. Overall, if self-tests were available, almost half of the sample would be very likely (n = 54, 12.95%) or likely (n = 151, 36.21%) to use one if they felt they needed to. Upon receiving a positive self-test result, the majority of respondents would communicate it (88.49%), request facility-based post-test counseling (98.32%), self-isolate (97.60%), and warn their close contacts (96.64%).Conclusion Rapid SARS-CoV-2 antigen self-testing could be an acceptable screening tool in São Paulo. The population would be empowered by having access to a technology that would allow them to test, even if asymptomatic, when traveling, or going to work or school. If there is a surge in the incidence of cases,self-testing could be a good approach for mass case detection by Brazil’s already overstretched Unified Health System.

Transplant rates in Ontario rose steeply in the decade prior to the COVID-19 pandemic. Reasons for that increase remain unclear, but the inter-organizational arrangement of organ donation programs may have contributed. However, there is a paucity of literature investigating these inter-organizational arrangements, with a limited understanding of how communication facilitates organ donation. Understanding these arrangements may help to re-establish rising organ donation rates post-pandemic.To describe interprofessional interactions of Organ and Tissue Donation Coordinators (OTDCs) during organ donation cases, within organ donation programs in Ontario, from an organizational perspective (describing structure, context, process).Mixed-method social network analysis (SNA) approach analyzing 14 organ donation cases just before the COVID-19 pandemic.Structure: Social network graphs depict the joint work performed by hospital staff and OTDCs, with a great part of the communication being processed through the OTDC.Network density ranged from 0.05 to 0.24 across cases, and health care professionals perceived an atmosphere of shared vision and trust among team members.Most networks had a degree centralization0.50 suggesting a decentralized information flow, and participants perceived decisions being jointly made. The characteristic path length of cases ranged from 1.6 to 3.2, suggesting potential for rapid information diffusion. Overall, data reinforced the OTDC role of intermediator within the communication process, and hospital staff perceived OTDCs as central players. Hospital staff and OTDCs reported frustration with some aspects of the flow of information during the organ allocation processes.Findings from this study provide a network map of communications within organ donation cases and reinforce the importance of the OTDC role. Opportunities for quality improvement within these processes are identified.

Objectives: to identify care strategies developed by professionals from critically ill patients’ units in communicating BD with parents of children and adolescents. Methods: an exploratory and descriptive research with a qualitative approach, carried out in two health institutions between October and December 2019, through semi-structured interviews. Data analysis took place through content analysis. Results: twenty-one professionals participated. Three care strategies were identified: actual clinical situation in suspected brain death; sensitizing families to the real clinical situation after brain death diagnosis; and time to assimilate the death information. Final Considerations: the care strategies for communicating brain death to families identified in this study present the possibility of subsidizing health managers in training and support promotion for professionals in care practice. Moreover, they can be incorporated and validated in the care practice of the studied context. RESUMEN Objetivos: identificar las estrategias de atención desarrolladas por profesionales de pacientes críticos en la comunicación de la muerte encefálica con los padres de niños y adolescentes. Métodos: investigación exploratoria y descriptiva con enfoque cualitativo, realizada en dos instituciones de salud entre octubre y diciembre de 2019, a través de entrevistas semiestructuradas. El análisis de los datos se llevó a cabo a través del análisis de contenido. Resultados: participaron 21 profesionales. Se identificaron tres estrategias de atención: situación clínica real ante la sospecha de muerte encefálica; sensibilizar a la familia sobre la situación clínica real tras el diagnóstico de muerte encefálica; y tiempo para asimilar la información de la muerte. Consideraciones Finales: las estrategias de cuidado para comunicar la muerte encefálica a las familias identificadas en este estudio presentan la posibilidad de subsidiar a los gestores de salud en la promoción de la formación y apoyo a los profesionales en la práctica del cuidado. Además, pueden ser incorporados y validados en la práctica asistencial del contexto estudiado. RESUMO Objetivos: identificar estratégias de cuidados desenvolvidas pelos profissionais das unidades de pacientes críticos na comunicação da morte encefálica junto aos pais de crianças e adolescentes. Métodos: pesquisa exploratória e descritiva com abordagem qualitativa, realizada em duas instituições de saúde entre outubro e dezembro de 2019, por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas. A análise dos dados ocorreu através da análise de conteúdo. Resultados: participaram 21 profissionais. Foram três estratégias de cuidados identificadas: real situação clínica na suspeita de morte encefálica; sensibilizando a família da real situação clínica após o diagnóstico de morte encefálica; e tempo para assimilar a informação da morte. Considerações Finais: as estratégias de cuidados para comunicação de morte encefálica às famílias identificadas neste estudo apresentam a possibilidade de subsidiar gestores de saúde na promoção de capacitações e apoio aos profissionais na prática assistencial. Além disso, podem ser incorporadas e validadas na prática assistencial do contexto estudado.

O termo “Psiconeuroimunologia” (PNI) emergiu na decada de 1970 com o trabalho de Robert Ader() e, a partir de entao, difundiu-se como expressao para designar o campo da ciencia que estuda de modo interdisciplinar a interacao entre os processos psicologicos e as funcoes neurologica, endocrina e imunologica, e como essa interacao influencia na saude. Nas ultimas decadas, um corpo crescente de pesquisas envolvendo neuroimunomodulacao tem fornecido fortes evidencias e novos insights que sustentam esse emergente campo da ciencia, uma vez [...]

Resumo Objetivo Avaliar o efeito da Terapia floral na evolução do trabalho de parto e na tríade dor-ansiedade-estresse das mulheres durante o nascimento. Métodos Estudo quase-experimental realizado no período de maio a julho de 2018 no centro-obstétrico de um hospital referência para a assistência ao nascimento de baixo risco na Região Sul do Brasil, com 60 participantes (30 no Grupo Controle e 30 no Grupo Floral). A intervenção consistiu na administração dos Florais de Bach durante o trabalho de parto combinados por compostos capazes de regatar o equilíbrio emocional em situações de dor, ansiedade e estresse com a adição de 99,75% de conhaque orgânico Francês à 30% para 0,25% da tintura mãe. O grupo placebo recebeu uma mistura combinada de água com adição de 99,75% de conhaque orgânico Francês à 30% para 0,25% da tintura mãe. Ambos foram acondicionados em frascos conta gotas de 30 ml de igual tamanho, formato e característica. Para análise foi utilizado o teste t a fim de comparar as variáveis estudadas antes e após a intervenção e entre os grupos. Resultados As variáveis analisadas como dilatação cervical, contrações uterinas, ocitocina, cortisol e tempo do trabalho de parto apresentaram diferenças significativas para o Grupo Floral quando comparado com o placebo. Conclusão A Terapia floral pode ser uma alternativa para a mulher durante o trabalho de parto por auxiliar na progressão do parto sem trazer prejuízos ao recém-nascido. Resumen Objetivo Analizar el efecto de la terapia floral en la evolución del trabajo de parto y en la tríada dolor-ansiedad-estrés de mujeres durante el nacimiento. Métodos Estudio cuasi experimental realizado en el período de mayo a julio de 2018 en el centro obstétrico de un hospital de referencia en la atención al nacimiento de bajo riesgo en la región sur de Brasil, con 60 participantes (30 en el grupo de control y 30 en el grupo floral). La intervención consistió en la administración de Flores de Bach durante el trabajo de parto combinadas con compuestos capaces de rescatar el equilibrio emocional en situaciones de dolor, ansiedad y estrés con la adición de 99,75 % de coñac orgánico francés al 30 % en 0,25 % de tintura madre. El grupo placebo recibió una mezcla combinada de agua con la adición de 99,75 % de coñac orgánico francés al 30 % en 0,25 % de tintura madre. Ambas fueron colocadas en frascos con cuentagotas de 30 ml de igual tamaño, formato y características. Para el análisis se utilizó el test-T a fin de comparar las variables estudiadas antes y después de la intervención y entre los grupos. Resultados Las variables analizadas, como dilatación cervical, contracciones uterinas, oxitocina, cortisol y tiempo de trabajo de parto presentaron diferencias significativas en el Grupo Floral en comparación con el de placebo. Conclusión La terapia floral puede ser una alternativa para la mujer durante el trabajo de parto porque ayuda a la evolución del parto sin perjuicios para el recién nacido. Abstract Objective To evaluate the effect of flower therapy on the evolution of labor and on the pain-anxiety-stress triad of women during birth. Methods Quasi-experimental study conducted from May to July 2018 in the obstetric center of a reference hospital for low-risk birth care in southern Brazil with 60 participants (30 in the control group and 30 in the floral group). The intervention consisted of administering Bach Flower Remedies during labor combined with compounds capable of restoring emotional balance in situations of pain, anxiety and stress with the addition of 99.75% organic French brandy at 30% to 0.25% of the mother tincture. The placebo group received a combined water mix with added 99.75% organic French brandy at 30% to 0.25% of the mother tincture. Both were put in 30 ml dropper bottles of the same size, shape and characteristic. In the analysis, the t test was used to compare the variables studied before and after the intervention, and between groups. Results Variables analyzed such as cervical dilation, uterine contractions, oxytocin, cortisol and duration of labor showed significant differences for the floral group compared to placebo. Conclusion Flower therapy can be an alternative for women during labor, as it helps in the progression of labor without harming the newborn.

Resumo Objetivo Discutir as relações de poder entre profissionais de saúde em ambientes de cuidado intensivo e sua interferência no processo de construção do conhecimento. Métodos Neste artigo filosófico, exploramos a influência das relações de poder na construção do conhecimento, a partir das perspectivas foucaultiana e crítica de Gramsci e Freire em relação às práticas de enfermagem e cuidados de saúde. Resultados Há quatro fontes de poder organizacional (tomada de decisão, critério, controle de recursos e controle de conhecimento/rede) que atuam em diferentes níveis das organizações de saúde. As unidades de terapia intensiva são um importante segmento do ambiente de saúde, e a complexidade no cotidiano dos profissionais desse setor pode dificultar as relações de poder no processo de construção do conhecimento. Por exemplo, quando profissionais externos à equipe da UTI, que detêm conhecimentos específicos, precisam ser contatados para auxiliar em casos, como durante o processo de doação e transplante de órgãos. Nesta situação, é necessário desconstruir o poder competitivo para construir o poder colaborativo. Conclusão Usando as perspectivas de Freire e Gramsci, argumentamos que a falta de conhecimento contribui para o poder competitivo, que pode ser superado se os indivíduos envolvidos participarem no processo de aprendizagem em direção ao poder colaborativo. Portanto, as estratégias ou ações para lidar com os desequilíbrios de poder interprofissional podem contribuir para a transformação e mudança mútua. Resumen Objetivo Discutir las relaciones de poder entre profesionales de salud en ambientes de cuidado intensivo y su interferencia en el proceso de construcción del conocimiento. Métodos En este artículo filosófico, exploramos la influencia de las relaciones de poder en la construcción del conocimiento a partir de las perspectivas foucaultianas y la crítica de Gramsci y de Freire en relación con las prácticas de enfermería y los cuidados de salud. Resultados Hay cuatro fuentes de poder organizativo (toma de decisión, criterio, control de recursos y control de conocimiento/red) que actúan en distintos niveles de las organizaciones de salud. Las unidades de cuidados intensivos son un importante sector del ambiente de la salud, y la complejidad en la labor cotidiana de los profesionales de ese sector puede dificultar las relaciones de poder en el proceso de construcción del conocimiento. Por ejemplo, cuando profesionales externos al equipo de la UCI, que tienen conocimientos específicos, tienen que ser contactados para auxiliar en algunos casos, como durante el proceso de donación y trasplante de órganos. En esta situación se hace necesario deconstruir el poder competitivo para construir el poder colaborativo. Conclusión Usando las perspectivas de Freire y de Gramsci, argumentamos que la falta de conocimiento contribuye para el poder competitivo, que se puede superar si los individuos involucrados participan en el proceso de aprendizaje en dirección al poder colaborativo. Por lo tanto, las estrategias o las acciones para hacer frente a los desequilibrios de poder interprofesional pueden contribuir con la transformación y el cambio mutuo. Abstract Objective To discuss the power relations among health care professionals in acute care settings and its interference in the process of knowledge building. Methods In this philosophical paper, we explored the influence of power relations on knowledge building using a Foucauldian and critical perspective of Gramsci and Freire related to nursing and health care practices. Results There are four sources of organizational power (decision-making, discretion, control of resources, and control of knowledge/network) that act at different levels of healthcare organizations. Intensive care units are an important segment of healthcare setting, and the complexity involved in the daily activities of professionals in this sector can lead to difficult power relations in the process of knowledge building. For instance, when professionals external to the ICU team that hold specific knowledge need to be contacted to help in cases, such as during organ donation and transplantation process. In this situation it is necessary to deconstruct the competitive power in order to build the collaborative power. Conclusion Using Freire’s and Gramsci’s perspectives we argued that lack of knowledge contributes to competitive power which can be overcome if involved individuals engage in the learning process towards a collaborative power approach. Therefore, strategies or action to address interprofessional power imbalances can contribute mutual transformation and change.

RESUMO Objetivos: identificar estratégias de cuidados desenvolvidas pelos profissionais das unidades de pacientes críticos na comunicação da morte encefálica junto aos pais de crianças e adolescentes. Métodos: pesquisa exploratória e descritiva com abordagem qualitativa, realizada em duas instituições de saúde entre outubro e dezembro de 2019, por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas. A análise dos dados ocorreu através da análise de conteúdo. Resultados: participaram 21 profissionais. Foram três estratégias de cuidados identificadas: real situação clínica na suspeita de morte encefálica; sensibilizando a família da real situação clínica após o diagnóstico de morte encefálica; e tempo para assimilar a informação da morte. Considerações Finais: as estratégias de cuidados para comunicação de morte encefálica às famílias identificadas neste estudo apresentam a possibilidade de subsidiar gestores de saúde na promoção de capacitações e apoio aos profissionais na prática assistencial. Além disso, podem ser incorporadas e validadas na prática assistencial do contexto estudado.

Objective: to map health care actions in the organ and tissue donation process in Brazilian regions during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: a mixed methods study. Data collection was performed simultaneously through an online questionnaire with 72 nurses. Descriptive statistical analysis and content analysis. Results: a total of 34.7% of professionals work in the state of São Paulo. The largest number of responses was from the Southeast region. Four categories emerged. The first addresses triage care actions; the second involves guidelines for SARS-CoV-2 prevention in potential donors; the third relates to the epidemiological screening of professionals; the fourth presents the scenario of donation training in pandemic times. Conclusion: care actions are aimed at tracking the path taken until arrival at the hospital, assessing temperature and saturation curves, in addition to screening for signs and symptoms for SARS-CoV-2 contamination among professionals.

Objetivo: Identificar evidências na literatura sobre eventos adversos e ações de biovigilância no processo de doação e uso terapêutico de tecidos e órgãos humanos para transplante. Método: Revisão integrativa, utilizando as bases de dados LILACS, MEDLINE e Embase. Critérios de inclusão: estudos primários em inglês, espanhol e português, publicados entre 2015 a 2021, acerca da biovigilância na doação e transplante, riscos e eventos adversos. Resultados: Analisados 10 artigos, identificando a ocorrência de eventos adversos referentes ao processo de doação e transplante e estratégias de biovigilância para reduzir riscos e aumentar a segurança. Conclusão: Riscos e eventos adversos podem ocorrer no processo de doação e transplante. Observaram-se estratégias, para mitigar os riscos e a ocorrência/recorrência de eventos adversos, propiciando maior qualidade assistencial e segurança ao paciente. O enfermeiro tem papel fundamental no que concerne à biovigilância, estando presente em todas as fases do processo de doação e transplante.

Resumo Objetivo Avaliar a completude e a tendência de completude de dados dos prontuários de idosas acometidas por câncer de mama, diagnosticadas e atendidas entre os anos de 2001 e 2006 em um centro de referência em saúde da mulher do Estado de São Paulo. Métodos Estudo descritivo analítico baseado em dados secundários. Para análise da não completude, utilizou-se a classificação: excelente (< 5%), bom (5 a 10%), regular (10 a 20%), ruim (20 a 50%) e muito ruim (≥50%). Resultados Variáveis socioeconômicas e demográficas, bem como as de fatores de risco e comportamentais predominaram dentre as classificadas como regular, ruim e muito ruim. Os melhores escores foram das variáveis pós-tratamento, seguidas pelas relacionadas ao diagnóstico e ao tratamento. A única variável com tendência de não completude decrescente foi história familiar de câncer de mama (p = 0,05). Apresentaram tendência de não completude crescente: raça/cor (p = 0,01), anos de estudo (p = 0,01), uso de contraceptivos orais (p = 0,002), tempo de uso de contraceptivos orais (p = 0,002), reposição hormonal (p = 0,007) e amamentação (p = 0,004). Conclusão Dentre as variáveis classificadas como regular, ruim e muito ruim, a tendência de completude predominou como constante, seguida pela tendência crescente de não completude; apenas uma variável apresentou melhora da tendência de completude. O registro completo dos dados em prontuário é tarefa inerente de toda a equipe de saúde, primordial para estabelecer protocolos da assistência, no desenvolvimento de pesquisa, bem como na implementação de políticas públicas de saúde. Resumen Objetivo evaluar la completitud y la tendencia de completitud de datos de historias clínicas de ancianas afectadas por cáncer de mama, diagnosticadas y atendidas entre los años 2001 y 2006 en un centro de referencia en salud de la mujer del estado de São Paulo. Métodos estudio descriptivo analítico basado en datos secundarios. Para el análisis de no completitud, se utilizó la clasificación: excelente (< 5%), bueno (5 a 10%), regular (10 a 20%), malo (20 a 50%) y muy malo (≥50%). Resultados variables socioeconómicas y demográficas, así como las de factores de riesgo y comportamentales, predominaron entre las clasificadas como regular, malo y muy malo. Las mejores puntuaciones fueron de las variables postratamiento, seguidas de las relacionadas con el diagnóstico y el tratamiento. La única variable con tendencia de no completitud decreciente fue antecedentes familiares de cáncer de mama (p = 0,05). Presentaron tendencia de no completitud creciente: raza/color (p = 0,01), años de estudio (p = 0,01), uso de contraceptivos orales (p = 0,002), tiempo de uso de contraceptivos orales (p = 0,002), reposición hormonal (p = 0,007) y lactancia materna (p = 0,004). Conclusión entre las variables clasificadas como regular, malo y muy malo, la tendencia de completitud predominó como constante, seguida de la tendencia creciente de no completitud. Solo una variable presentó mejora de la tendencia de completitud. El registro completo de los datos en historia clínica es tarea inherente a todo el equipo de salud, primordial para establecer protocolos de atención, desarrollar investigaciones, así como implementar políticas públicas de salud. Abstract Objective To assess completeness and trends in completeness of medical records of elderly women with breast cancer who were diagnosed and admitted from 2001 to 2006 at a center for women’s health in the State of Sao Paulo. Methods This was an analytical and descriptive study based on secondary data. For non-completeness analysis, the following classification was used: excellent (

O Curso de Enfermagem da Escola de Enfermeiras do Hospital Sao Paulo (EEHSP), hoje Escola Paulista de Enfermagem (EPE), foi criado em 1939 pela colaboracao entre a Escola Paulista de Medicina (EPM) e a Arquidiocese de Sao Paulo, com a vinda das religiosas enfermeiras diplomadas francesas do Instituto das Franciscanas Missionarias de Maria.() Sua historia se confunde com a propria historia da profissao no Brasil, pois embora o modelo Nightingaleano ou Enfermagem Moderna ja se fizesse presente, na esteira do [...]

Introdução: A participação das mulheres nos diversos segmentos profissionais tem aumentado nas últimas décadas. No entanto, a transição para cargos de liderançaa apresenta algumas barreiras, de modo que planos estratégicos têm sido propostos em vários estudos. Métodos: Descrever a experiência da organização Women in Transplantation (WIT) / The Transplantation Society (TTS), fundada em 2009, nos Estados Unidos, além de analisar outros estudos que investigaram a equidade de gêneros nas diversas áreas profissionais. Resultados: A WIT vem desenvolvendo atividades durante todos os anos, após sua fundação, e estabeleceu dois pilares: (i) avançar e inspirar profissionais mulheres nas áreas do transplante; (ii) defender questões relacionadas ao sexo e gênero na área do transplante. Similarmente, os capítulos WIT australiano e neozelandês e The Initiative on Women in Science and Engineering Working Group propuseram identificar possíveis problemas de equidade de gênero, conceber e implementar estratégias e intervenções potenciais para enfrentar esses desafios e estabelecer metas realistas e alcançáveis para melhorar e facilitar a igualdade, a equidade e a diversidade de gênero no transplante. Mais de 60% das mulheres acreditam que flexibilidade no trabalho, mentoria e treinamento para liderança são aspectos chaves para o desenvolvimento da carreira profissional, além do estabelecimento de uma network robusta. Conclusão: Nosso grupo de trabalho inspirou-se nessas iniciativas e discutiu estratégias para verificar o perfil profissional das mulheres que trabalham nas diversas áreas do transplante e da doação de órgãos no Brasil. Observamos uma oportunidade para identificar possíveis barreiras durante o desenvolvimento de suas carreiras e transição para liderança. Intencionamos, portanto, fundar o Capítulo Brasileiro WIT no próximo Congresso da Associação Brasileira de Transplante de Órgãos (ABTO), em outubro de 2019, na cidade de Campinas, São Paulo, Brasil, além de propor que seja criado um comitê acessório da WIT junto à ABTO

OBJECTIVES Pediatric patients are at higher risk of nonadherence to immunosuppressive medication after kidney transplant and the resulting adverse outcomes. Factors associated with nonadherence vary, which follow an epidemiological framework and according to health system patterns. The Brazilian public health system covers all costs of kidney transplant, including immunosuppressive medications. We aimed to assess the prevalence and correlates of nonadherence to immunosuppressive medications in a pediatric kidney transplant population who received free access to immunosuppressive medications within the health care system. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this single-center crosssectional study, we studied a convenience sample of 156 outpatients (< 18 years old) who were a minimum of 4 weeks posttransplant. Implementation nonadherence to immunosuppressive medications was measured by the 4 questions of the Basel Assessment of Adherence to Immunosuppressive Medications Scale. Multilevel correlates to non - adherence (patient, micro, and macro levels) were assessed. RESULTS In our patient population, 61% were males, mean age was 13.6 ± 3.1 years, 77% were adolescents, and 84% received organs from deceased donors. We found that 33% were nonadherent to immuno - suppressive medications, mainly in timing (25%) and taking (10.9%) dimensions. Being an adolescent (odds ratio: 2.66; CI, 1.02-6.96), religion other than Catholic or Protestant (odds ratio: 4.33; CI, 1.13-16.67), and family income higher than 4 reference wages (odds ratio: 3.50; CI, 1.14-10.75) were factors associated with nonadherence. CONCLUSIONS In our patient population of mostly adolescents, one-third displayed nonadherence to immunosuppressants. Unexpectedly, a higher economic profile, potentially representing better previous access to health care, was independently associated with nonadherence. This result highlights the need for identifying specific correlates to non - adherence before designing interventions.

Resumo O Mestrado Profissional em Prática Avançada na Saúde da Mulher integrou os conceitos de Enfermagem em Prática Avançada ao Mestrado Profissional. As Enfermeiras de Prática Avançada desenvolvem competências clínicas e de pesquisa superiores às tradicionais e desempenham papéis visando a melhoria contínua de resultados em saúde, a inclusão de mais pessoas no sistema de saúde e a expansão dos limites da prática. As Enfermeiras de Prática Avançada atuam na inovação, na construção e na implementação de protocolos, de processos de cuidado institucionais e de políticas públicas. Três focos compõem o programa: 1) Aumentar a autonomia da enfermeira obstetra para a tomada de decisão no pré-natal, no parto e no pós-parto, especialmente em domicílio, casas e centros de parto; 2) Impulsionar a competência para o cuidado e a construção de políticas sobre violência contra a mulher; e 3) Propor uma atuação transformadora sobre a saúde mental e reprodutiva da mulher, opção sexual e de gênero. Trata-se de programa inovador que se alinha ao movimento para a introdução da Enfermagem Prática Avançada na América Latina. Resumen La Maestría Profesional en Práctica Avanzada en Salud de la Mujer integró los conceptos de Enfermería de Práctica Avanzada a la Maestría Profesional. Las Enfermeras de Práctica Avanzada desarrollan competencias clínicas y de investigación superiores a las tradicionales y desempeñan papeles que buscan la mejora continua de resultados en salud, la inclusión de más personas en el sistema de salud y la expansión de los límites de la práctica. Las Enfermeras de Práctica Avanzada actúan en la innovación, en la elaboración y en la implementación de protocolos, de procesos de cuidado institucionales y de políticas públicas. El programa tiene tres focos: 1) aumentar la autonomía de la enfermera obstetra para la toma de decisiones en la atención prenatal, en el parto y en el posparto, especialmente en atención domiciliaria, casas y centros de parto; 2) impulsar la competencia para el cuidado y la elaboración de políticas sobre violencia contra la mujer; y 3) proponer una actuación transformadora sobre la salud mental y reproductiva de la mujer, opción sexual y de género. Se trata de un programa innovador, que está en línea con el movimiento para la introducción de la Enfermería de Práctica Avanzada en América Latina. Abstract The Professional Master’s Program Women’s Health in Advanced Practice Nursing has integrated the concepts of advanced practice nursing into a professional master’s education. Advanced practice nurses develop further clinical and research competencies than traditional nurses, and their roles include continuous improvement of health care outcomes, inclusion of more individuals in the health care system, and expansion the limits for their practice. Advanced practice nurses play a role on promote innovative measures, create and implement protocols, institutional care processes, and public policies. The program focus on the following three areas: 1) To increase obstetric nurse and midwife’s decision-making autonomy in antenatal, natal, and postnatal settings, mainly in the context of home birth and birthing centers; 2) To promote care competencies and creation of policies that cover violence against women; and 3) To propose a transformative practice on women’s mental and reproductive health, sexual orientation, and gender identity. This innovative Program is aligned with the movement towards the introduction of Advanced Practice Nursing in Latin America.

Well-established performance measures for organ donation programs do not fully address the complexity and multifactorial nature of organ donation programs such as the influence of relationships and organizational attributes.To synthesize the current evidence on key organizational attributes and processes of international organ donation programs associated with successful outcomes and to generate a framework to categorize those attributes.Scoping Review using a mixed methods approach for data extraction.Databases included PubMed, CINAHL, Embase, LILACS, ABI Business ProQuest, Business Source Premier, and gray literature (organ donation association websites, Google Scholar-first 8 pages), and searches for gray literature were performed, and relevant websites were perused.Organ donation programs or processes.We systematically searched the literature to identify any research design, including text and opinion papers and unpublished material (research data, reports, institutional protocols, government documents, etc). Searches were completed on January 2018, updated it in May 2019, and lastly in March 2020. Title, abstracts, and full texts were screened independently by 2 reviewers with disagreements resolved by a third. Data extraction followed a mixed method approach in which we extracted specific details about study characteristics such as type of research, year of publication, origin/country of study, type of journal published, and key findings. Studies included considered definitions and descriptions of success in organ donation programs in any country by considering studies that described (1) attributes associated with success or effectiveness, (2) organ donation processes, (3) quality improvement initiatives, (4) definitions of organ donation program effectiveness, (5) evidence-based practices in organ donation, and (6) improvements or success in such programs. We tabulated the type and frequency of the presence or absence of reported improvement quality indicators and used a qualitative thematic analysis approach to synthesize results.A total of 84 articles were included. Quantitative analysis identified that most of the included articles originated from the United States (n = 32, 38%), used quantitative approaches (n = 46, 55%), and were published in transplant journals (n = 34, 40.5%). Qualitative analysis revealed 16 categories that were described as positively influencing success/effectiveness of organ donation programs. Our thematic analysis identified 16 attributes across the 84 articles, which were grouped into 3 categories influencing organ donation programs' success:Consistent with scoping review methodology, the methodological quality of included studies was not assessed.This scoping review identified a number of factors that led to successful outcomes. However, those factors were rarely studied in combination representing a gap in the literature. Therefore, we suggest the development and reporting of primary research investigating and measuring those attributes associated with the performance of organ donation programs holistically.Not applicable.Les mesures de rendement bien établies pour les programmes de dons d’organes ne tiennent pas entièrement compte de la complexité et de la nature multifactorielle de ces programmes, notamment de l’influence des relations et des attributs organisationnels.Synthétiser les données actuelles sur les processus et les principaux attributs organisationnels des programmes internationaux de dons d’organes qui sont associés à des résultats favorables, et générer un cadre pour classer ces attributs.Examen de la portée où une approche à méthodes mixtes a servi à l’extraction des données.Ont été consultées les bases de données PubMed, CINAHL, Embase, LILAS, ABI Business ProQuest et Business Source Premier, ainsi que la littérature grise (huit premières pages de Google Scholar) et les sites Web pertinents (sites Web d’associations de dons d’organes).Les programmes ou processus de don d’organes.Nous avons procédé à une recherche systématique de la documentation pour répertorier tout plan de recherche pertinent, y compris les manuscrits, articles d’opinion et documents non publiés (données de recherche, rapports, protocoles institutionnels, documents gouvernementaux, etc.). Les recherches se sont terminées en janvier 2018 et ont été mises à jour en mai 2019 et en mars 2020. Les titres, les abrégés et les textes complets ont été révisés de façon indépendante par deux examinateurs; les désaccords ayant été résolus par un troisième. Une combinaison de méthodes a été employée pour l’extraction des données, lesquelles incluaient notamment des détails concernant l’étude (type de recherche, année de publication, pays/origine de l’étude, type de publication, principales conclusions). Les études retenues définissaient et donnaient une description du succès des programmes de dons d’organes dans tout pays; l’examen s’est concentré sur les études décrivant: 1) les attributs associés au succès ou à l’efficacité; 2) les processus de don d’organes; 3) les initiatives d’amélioration de la qualité; 4) les définitions de l’efficacité du programme; 5) les pratiques fondées sur des données probantes, et; 6) les améliorations ou le succès des programmes. Pour chaque amélioration mentionnée, le type et la fréquence de la présence ou de l’absence d’indicateurs de la qualité ont été colligés pour chaque amélioration mentionnée, et une méthode d’analyse thématique qualitative a servi à synthétiser les résultats.En tout, 84 articles ont été inclus. L’analyse quantitative a révélé qu’en majorité, les articles provenaient des États-Unis (n=32 [38 %]), qu’ils utilisaient des approches quantitatives (n=46 [55 %]) et qu’ils avaient été publiés dans des revues de transplantation (n=34 [40,5 %]). L’analyse qualitative a dégagé 16 catégories décrites comme ayant une influence positive sur le succès et l’efficacité des programmes de dons d’organes, alors que l’analyse thématique a permis de répertorier 16 attributs. Ces derniers ont été classés dans trois catégories influençant le succès des programmes de dons d’organes:Conformément à la méthodologie d’un examen de la portée, la qualité méthodologique des études incluses n’a pas été évaluée.Cet examen de la portée a permis de dégager un certain nombre de facteurs menant à des résultats favorables; ceux-ci ont cependant rarement été étudiés en combinaison, ce qui constitue une lacune dans la littérature. Dès lors, nous suggérons l’élaboration et la présentation de rapports de recherche visant à étudier et à mesurer les attributs associés au rendement des programmes de dons d’organes de façon holistique.

Aims: to discover the meanings of the self-care practices of women living in rural areas regarding the puerperium; to identify the interfaces of these practices with the different models of health care. Method: ethnography conducted in three small city rural communities in the North of Rio Grande do Sul/Brazil. Seventeen participants were involved. Observation-Participation-Reflection techniques and ethnographic interviews were employed in the data collection. In the analytical process, a thematic analysis proposal was used. Results: it was verified that the puerperium is marked by self-care practices related to food, physical activity, hygiene, and sociability arising from the family/community, with little connection with the professional healthcare sector. Conclusion: these practices are intended to protect the women who just gave birth, who, in their social group’s interpretation, are in a liminal state between health and sickness. Simultaneously, they also grant considerable power to the postnatal women and their families.

Objetivo: Descrever as principais características clínico-terapêuticas e epidemiológicas, de mulheres diagnosticadas com câncer de mama no Hospital Pérola Byington, entre os anos de 2000 e 2006. Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo de corte transversal e natureza quantitativa. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de um formulário estruturado. Resultados: A maior parte das mulheres eram casadas, brancas, com baixa escolaridade, católicas e do lar. Cerca de 75% tiveram pelo menos uma gravidez, e 33,1% amamentaram. Pouco mais de 30% fizeram reposição hormonal. Eram fumantes 14,7%, e 2,7% ex-fumantes. Os estadiamentos clínicos iniciais de maiores incidências são os II e III, juntos representam 66,5% dos casos. Cerca de 91,3% das mulheres não apresentavam diagnóstico do tumor de mama e nem tratamento anterior a primeira consulta. Conclusão: Conhecer o perfil das mulheres acometidas pelo câncer de mama é imprescindível para o direcionamento de recursos e tomadas de decisão.

Editorial

RESUMO Objetivo Mensurar a não adesão medicamentosa nos pacientes pós-transplante cardíaco mediante o uso da Escala Basel para Avaliação de Aderência a Medicamentos Imunossupressores e Escala Analógica Visual; comparar os resultados das biópsias realizadas, com comorbidades prevalentes e sobrevida. Método Coorte histórica de abordagem quantitativa. A população foi composta de pacientes transplantados no período de 2009 a 2016. Resultados Participação de 60 pacientes. A mensuração da não adesão por meio do instrumento Escala Basel para Avaliação de Aderência a Medicamentos Imunossupressores foi de 46,7% e adesão de 53,3% dos pacientes. O grupo com maior dificuldade de não adesão foi aquele com relato de atraso de até 2 horas do prescrito (25%), porém, sem interrupção nas medicações. O diagnóstico inicial foi Doença de Chagas (33,3%). As comorbidades estudadas foram hipertensão arterial sistêmica, diabetes mellitus (DM), dislipidemias e insuficiência renal crônica. Conclusão A avaliação por meio da Escala Basel para Avaliação de Aderência a Medicamentos Imunossupressores verificou não adesão medicamentosa de 46,7% dos pacientes transplantados cardíacos. A Escala Analógica Visual pelo autorrelato do paciente e avaliação do enfermeiro apresentaram valores elevados (93,3% vs 83,3%). A Escala Basel para Avaliação de Aderência a Medicamentos Imunossupressores tende a se aproximar das dificuldades informadas pelos pacientes, quanto há alteração de doses, atrasos ou antecipações de horário e dose. RESUMEN Objetivo Medir la falta de adherencia a la medicación en pacientes después de un trasplante de corazón utilizando la Basel Assessment of Adherence to Immunosuppressive Medications Scale (BAASIS) y la Escala Visual Analógica (EVA); comparar los resultados de las biopsias realizadas con las comorbilidades prevalentes y la supervivencia. Método Cohorte histórica con un enfoque cuantitativo. La población consistió en pacientes trasplantados de 2009 a 2016. Resultados Participación de 60 pacientes. La medición utilizando la BAASIS fue del 46,7% para no adherencia y del 53,3% para la adherencia de los pacientes. El grupo con la mayor dificultad en la no adherencia fue de aquellos con un retraso de hasta 2 horas en la ingesta de medicamentos desde el tiempo prescrito (25%), aunque sin interrupción en los medicamentos. El diagnóstico inicial fue enfermedad de Chagas (33,3%). Las comorbilidades estudiadas fueron hipertensión arterial sistémica, diabetes mellitus, dislipidemia e insuficiencia renal crónica. Conclusión La evaluación con BAASIS mostró la no adherencia a la medicación en el 46,7% de los pacientes con trasplante de corazón. La EVA según el autoinforme de los pacientes y la evaluación de los enfermeros mostró valores altos (93,3% frente a 83,3%). La BAASIS tiende a abordar las dificultades reportadas por los pacientes, cuando hay un cambio en las dosis, retrasos o anticipaciones de tiempo y dosis. ABSTRACT Objective To measure medication non-adherence in patients after heart transplantation using the Basel Assessment of Adherence to Immunosuppressive Medications Scale (BAASIS) and the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS); to compare the results of biopsies performed with the prevalent comorbidities and survival. Method Quantitative historical cohort. The population consisted of patients undergoing transplantation between 2009 and 2016. Results Participation of 60 patients. The measurement using the BAASIS was 46.7% of non-adherence and 53.3% of patient adherence. The group with greater difficulty in non-adherence reported up to 2 hours delay of medication intake in relation to the prescribed time (25%), although there was no interruption in medications. The initial diagnosis was Chagas disease (33.3%). The studied comorbidities were systemic arterial hypertension (SAH), diabetes mellitus (DM), dyslipidemia (DLP) and chronic renal failure (CRF). Conclusion Assessment using the BAASIS showed medication non-adherence in 46.7% of heart transplant patients. The VAS according to patients’ self-report and nurse’s assessment showed high values (93.3% vs 83.3%). The BAASIS tends to address the difficulties reported by patients, when there is a change in doses, delays or anticipations of time and dose.

Resumo Objetivo Realizar tradução e adaptação transcultural da Champion’s Health Belief Model Scale (CHBMS) para uso no Brasil, no rastreamento mamográfico, e verificar as evidências de validade da versão brasileira desta escala. Métodos Estudo metodológico, realizado com 206 mulheres frequentadoras de unidade básica de saúde, na cidade de Fortaleza-CE, Brasil, de agosto de 2015 a dezembro de 2017. A escala passou por processo de tradução e adaptação transcultural, incluindo validação de face e conteúdo. Posteriormente, foram verificadas as evidências de validade (1.Validade baseada na estrutura interna, avaliada mediante análise exploratória, com rotação ortogonal varimax e retenção de fatores por análises paralelas; 2. Confiabilidade, a partir da homogeneidade por alfa de Cronbach e estabilidade por teste-reteste). Resultados Na validação de face e conteúdo, o instrumento apresentou boa aceitação entre os juízes e o público-alvo. O modelo final da análise fatorial exploratória resultou em escala com sete itens, divididos em três domínios, com variância explicada de 71,4%, com alfa de Cronbach variando de 0,50 a 0,88. Para confiabilidade da escala, o r de Pearson e o ρ de Spearman mostraram alta confiabilidade (0,997 e 0,986). Conclusão A versão brasileira da Champion’s Health Belief Model Scale apresenta boas evidências de validade baseada na estrutura interna e é confiável, podendo ser empregada no Brasil para avaliação do monitoramento da adesão à mamografia. Resumen Objetivo Realizar la traducción y adaptación transcultural de la Champion’s Health Belief Model Scale (CHBMS) para su aplicación en Brasil en el rastreo mamográfico y para verificar las evidencias de validez de la versión brasileña de esta escala. Métodos Estudio metodológico, realizado con 206 mujeres que asistían con frecuencia a una unidad básica de salud, en la ciudad de Fortaleza, estado de Ceará, Brasil, de agosto de 2015 a diciembre de 2017. La escala pasó por un proceso de traducción y adaptación transcultural, que incluyó validación aparente y de contenido. Posteriormente, se verificaron las evidencias de validez (1. Validez basada en la estructura interna, evaluada mediante análisis exploratorio, con rotación ortogonal varimax y retención de factores por análisis paralelos; 2. Confiabilidad a partir de la homogeneidad por alfa de Cronbach y estabilidad por test-retest). Resultados En la validación aparente y de contenido, el instrumento presentó buena aceptación entre los jueces y el público destinatario. El modelo final del análisis factorial exploratorio tuvo como resultado una escala con siete ítems, divididos en tres dominios, con varianza explicada de 71,4%, con alfa de Cronbach que varía de 0,50 a 0,88. En la confiabilidad de la escala, el r de Pearson y el ρ de Spearman demostraron alta confiabilidad (0,997 y 0,986). Conclusión La versión brasileña de la Champion’s Health Belief Model Scale presenta buenas evidencias de validez basada en la estructura interna y es confiable, por lo que puede emplearse en Brasil para evaluar el monitoreo de la adherencia a la mamografía. Abstract Objective Performing translation and cross-cultural adaptation of the Champion’s Health Belief Model Scale (CHBMS) for use in Brazil for mammographic screening, and verify the validity evidence of the Brazilian version of this scale. Methods Methodological study, conducted with 206 women attending a Basic Health Unit, in the city of Fortaleza, state of Ceará, Brazil, from August 2015 to December 2017. The scale went through a process of translation and cross-cultural adaptation, including face and content validation. Afterwards, validity evidence was verified (1.Vality based on internal structure, assessed by exploratory analysis, with varimax orthogonal rotation and retention of factors by parallel analyzes; 2. Reliability from Cronbach’s alpha homogeneity and test-retest stability). Results In face and content validation, the tool showed good acceptance among the judges and the target audience. The final exploratory factor analysis model resulted in a seven-item scale, divided into three domains, with an explained variance of 71.4%, with Cronbach’s alpha ranging from 0.50 to 0.88. For scale reliability, Pearson r and Spearman ρ showed high reliability (0.997 and 0.986). Conclusion The Brazilian version of Champion’s Health Belief Model Scale provides good evidence of validity based on internal structure and is reliable. It may be used in Brazil to assess mammography compliance monitoring.

Ocenario imposto pela pandemia da COVID-19 exigiu que as universidades publicas brasileiras organizassem seus processos de trabalho para equacionar os problemas ou as situacoes criticas e emergenciais desvelados por essa emergencia sanitaria mundial. A Escola Paulista de Enfermagem da Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo (EPE-Unifesp), no auge dos seus 81 anos de fundacao, sentiu-se extremamente comprometida com essa realidade e buscou adotar estrategias que respondessem eficazmente as demandas de ensino, pesquisa, extensao, gestao e assistencia. Assim como no Brasil, em [...]

Background From 1968 until 1997, transplantation-related activities were not properly regulated and were informally practiced. During 20 years, many legal and political changes influenced it. Objective To provide a historical overview of the 20 years with a descriptive data analysis of a 20-year data set. Methodology We investigated information from Brazilian Transplantation Reports between 1997 and 2017. In this way, we classified all data into 5 Brazilian macro regions: Center-West, Northeast, North, Southeast, and South. In total, we included 27 states (including Capital District) and limited study to the heart, liver, and kidney. Results We analyzed 2835 data entries and associated population information from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics. We observed 2 distinct groups, one uniquely formed by the North region, with figures significantly lower than the remaining regions. After 2003, Southeast, South, and Northeast regions indicated a growing movement, whereas Center-West indicated certain stability in 50 and ranging between 50 and 100 cases (yearly basis) after 2011. Recently (2016 and 2017), the South region indicates another crescendo movement suggesting another detachment from the other regions, but it is something not clearly observed and, if true, should be figured in new reports of Brazilian Association of Organ Transplantation. Conclusion This study identified and observed the time-spatial progress of organ transplantation in Brazil. In conclusion, after analysis of this 20-year data consolidation related to organ transplantation in Brazil, we observed a public investment in implementing quality evaluation and safety to provide figures that deliver visibility to the numbers reported in this article.

Objective To analyze evidence capable of supporting best practices available in the literature to create dialogues about organ and tissue donation with parents of deceased children and adolescents. Methods An integrative literature review performed using Scopus, Cochrane, PsycINFO, PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science database, and SciELo electronic libraries from November of 2013 to November of 2018, using keyword syntax for each database. The categories were developed using the Alicante model. Results A total of 745 articles were identified, with 7 selected for analysis. The information obtained was grouped into 3 categories: death communication, which indicates the importance of using simple and clear words; emotional support, which reveals the need to respect family time and the importance of empathy and compassion; and donation information, which punctuates the importance of dissociating communication about the death from that regarding organ donation. Conclusions. Evidence shows that best practices are the use of simple language, respect for the family during the grieving process, and the importance of establishing different situations in which to communicate about the death and the donation process.

To analyse maternal factors associated with prematurity in public maternity hospitals.Retrospective unmatched case-control study on two public maternity hospitals in the State of Acre, Brazil.A sample of 341 newborn infants of premature birth (37 weeks; case group) and 388 newborn infants of term delivery (≥ 37 weeks; control group).A validated instrument was used for interviews, and information was collected from hospital records. The variables were divided into five blocks: (1) maternal sociodemographic and economic characteristics, (2) maternal biological and reproductive characteristics, (3) maternal habits, (4) pregnancy complications, and (5) neonatal characteristics. The hierarchical analysis was performed using multiple logistic regression.The risk factors associated with premature birth were as follows: newborn infants of mothers who were born premature (p = 0.005), with low BMI (p = 0.006), history of a previous preterm child (p0.003), who had stress (p = 0.020) and physical injury during pregnancy (p = 0.025), with quality of prenatal care classified as inadequate II (p = 0.001), which presented abnormal amniotic fluid volume (p0.001), pre-eclampsia/eclampsia (p0.001), bleeding (p = 0.013) and hospitalization during pregnancy (p = 0.001).The variables that were associated with premature birth were mother born preterm, low BMI, previous premature child, stress and physical injury during pregnancy, prenatal care inadequate II, bleeding, abnormal amniotic fluid volume, pre-eclampsia/eclampsia and hospitalization during pregnancy. It is important to properly perform prenatal care, having a multidisciplinary approach as support, with the objective of keep up with changes in nutritional classification and monitoring of adverse clinical conditions.

Resumo Objetivo Avaliar os níveis de não-adesão à terapia imunossupressora em uma amostra de receptores de transplante de fígado utilizando a Basel Assessment of Adherence with Immunosuppressive Medication Scale; correlacionar as características sociodemográficas e os fatores clínicos à não-adesão medicamentosa. Métodos Estudo epidemiológico e transversal, realizado entre março 2016 e março 2018 no ambulatório de transplante de fígado da Universidade Federal de São Paulo. Resultados Foram avaliados 49 pacientes. O nível de não-adesão medicamentosa no transplante de fígado foi de 49% e esteve diretamente relacionado ao uso do ácido micofenólico (p=0,007) e à administração de múltiplas doses de imunossupressores diariamente (p=0,004). Não foram encontradas correlações estatisticamente significativas entre a não-adesão à terapia imunossupressora e as características sociodemográficas e demais variáveis clínicas analisadas. Conclusão Este estudo mostrou que quase a metade dos pacientes deixaram de aderir à terapia imunossupressora no pós transplante de fígado. Uma vez que os desfechos desfavoráveis no transplante estão intimamente relacionados à falhas na adesão, é importante os enfermeiros avaliarem esse comportamento durante o seguimento ambulatorial dos receptores de transplante de fígado. Resumen Objetivo Analizar los niveles de no adhesión a la terapia inmunosupresora en una muestra de receptores de trasplante de hígado utilizando la Basel Assessment of Adherence with Immunosuppressive Medication Scale y correlacionar las características sociodemográficas y los factores clínicos con la no adhesión a los medicamentos. Métodos Estudio epidemiológico y transversal realizado entre marzo de 2016 y marzo de 2018 en los consultorios externos de trasplante de hígado de la Universidad Federal de São Paulo. Resultados Fueron analizados 49 pacientes. El nivel de no adhesión a los medicamentos del trasplante de hígado fue de 49% y está directamente relacionado con el uso de ácido micofenólico (p=0,007) y con la administración de varias dosis inmunosupresoras diariamente (p=0,004). No se encontró correlación estadísticamente significativa entre la no adhesión a la terapia inmunosupresora y las características sociodemográficas y demás variables clínicas analizadas. Conclusión Este estudio mostró que casi la mitad de los pacientes dejó de realizar la terapia inmunosupresora en el postrasplante de hígado. Dado que los desenlaces desfavorables del trasplante están íntimamente relacionados con fallas en la adhesión, es importante que los enfermeros evalúen ese comportamiento durante el seguimiento ambulatorio de los receptores de trasplante de hígado. Abstract Objective Assessing the level of non-adherence to immunosuppressive therapy in a sample of liver transplantation recipients using the Basel Assessment of Adherence with Immunosuppressive Medication Scale; correlating socio-demographic features and clinical factors to medication non-adherence. Methods This cross-sectional epidemiological study was conducted between March 2016 and March 2018 at the outpatient service for liver transplantations of the Federal University of São Paulo. Results Forty-nine patients were assessed. The level of medication non-adherence after liver transplantation was 49%. It was directly correlated to the use of mycophenolic acid (p=0.007) and to multiple daily dosing of immunosuppressant medication (p=0.004). No statistically significant correlations were found between non-adherence to immunosuppressive therapy, socio-demographic features, and the remaining clinical variables assessed. Conclusion This study shows that nearly half of all patients are not compliant with immunosuppressive therapy after liver transplantation. Given poor liver transplantation outcomes are intimately related to adherence failure, nurses need to assess this behavior in outpatient follow-up of liver transplantation recipients.

To measure medication non-adherence in patients after heart transplantation using the Basel Assessment of Adherence to Immunosuppressive Medications Scale (BAASIS) and the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS); to compare the results of biopsies performed with the prevalent comorbidities and survival.Quantitative historical cohort. The population consisted of patients undergoing transplantation between 2009 and 2016.Participation of 60 patients. The measurement using the BAASIS was 46.7% of non-adherence and 53.3% of patient adherence. The group with greater difficulty in non-adherence reported up to 2 hours delay of medication intake in relation to the prescribed time (25%), although there was no interruption in medications. The initial diagnosis was Chagas disease (33.3%). The studied comorbidities were systemic arterial hypertension (SAH), diabetes mellitus (DM), dyslipidemia (DLP) and chronic renal failure (CRF).Assessment using the BAASIS showed medication non-adherence in 46.7% of heart transplant patients. The VAS according to patients' self-report and nurse's assessment showed high values (93.3% vs 83.3%). The BAASIS tends to address the difficulties reported by patients, when there is a change in doses, delays or anticipations of time and dose.Mensurar a não adesão medicamentosa nos pacientes pós-transplante cardíaco mediante o uso da Escala Basel para Avaliação de Aderência a Medicamentos Imunossupressores e Escala Analógica Visual; comparar os resultados das biópsias realizadas, com comorbidades prevalentes e sobrevida.Coorte histórica de abordagem quantitativa. A população foi composta de pacientes transplantados no período de 2009 a 2016.Participação de 60 pacientes. A mensuração da não adesão por meio do instrumento Escala Basel para Avaliação de Aderência a Medicamentos Imunossupressores foi de 46,7% e adesão de 53,3% dos pacientes. O grupo com maior dificuldade de não adesão foi aquele com relato de atraso de até 2 horas do prescrito (25%), porém, sem interrupção nas medicações. O diagnóstico inicial foi Doença de Chagas (33,3%). As comorbidades estudadas foram hipertensão arterial sistêmica, diabetes mellitus (DM), dislipidemias e insuficiência renal crônica.A avaliação por meio da Escala Basel para Avaliação de Aderência a Medicamentos Imunossupressores verificou não adesão medicamentosa de 46,7% dos pacientes transplantados cardíacos. A Escala Analógica Visual pelo autorrelato do paciente e avaliação do enfermeiro apresentaram valores elevados (93,3% vs 83,3%). A Escala Basel para Avaliação de Aderência a Medicamentos Imunossupressores tende a se aproximar das dificuldades informadas pelos pacientes, quanto há alteração de doses, atrasos ou antecipações de horário e dose.Medir la falta de adherencia a la medicación en pacientes después de un trasplante de corazón utilizando la Basel Assessment of Adherence to Immunosuppressive Medications Scale (BAASIS) y la Escala Visual Analógica (EVA); comparar los resultados de las biopsias realizadas con las comorbilidades prevalentes y la supervivencia.Cohorte histórica con un enfoque cuantitativo. La población consistió en pacientes trasplantados de 2009 a 2016.Participación de 60 pacientes. La medición utilizando la BAASIS fue del 46,7% para no adherencia y del 53,3% para la adherencia de los pacientes. El grupo con la mayor dificultad en la no adherencia fue de aquellos con un retraso de hasta 2 horas en la ingesta de medicamentos desde el tiempo prescrito (25%), aunque sin interrupción en los medicamentos. El diagnóstico inicial fue enfermedad de Chagas (33,3%). Las comorbilidades estudiadas fueron hipertensión arterial sistémica, diabetes mellitus, dislipidemia e insuficiencia renal crónica.La evaluación con BAASIS mostró la no adherencia a la medicación en el 46,7% de los pacientes con trasplante de corazón. La EVA según el autoinforme de los pacientes y la evaluación de los enfermeros mostró valores altos (93,3% frente a 83,3%). La BAASIS tiende a abordar las dificultades reportadas por los pacientes, cuando hay un cambio en las dosis, retrasos o anticipaciones de tiempo y dosis.

Objective: to evaluate the interventions of the multidisciplinary team that provide improvements in adherence to treatment after liver transplantation. Method: integrative review of the literature. The inclusion criteria were articles published between 2012 and 2017, in the Portuguese, English and Spanish languages, performed with the adult population that had undergone liver transplantation. Results: the initial search resulted in 84 publications, with 10 studies being selected. The data were tabulated according to the relevance of the content, objectives, type of intervention, number of patients and level of evidence. Four analytical categories were found: educational interventions; adoption of an individual therapeutic plan; change in the immunosuppressive regimen; emotional and psychological support and strengthening of the support network. Conclusion: the multidisciplinary team should provide information about the transplantation process, perform appropriate management of immunosuppression, regularly assess the patients for signs of depression and anxiety, investigate their beliefs and values, and institute an individualized care plan.

Aim: to verify the internal consistency of an evaluative knowledge questionnaire on the liver transplant process and evaluate the knowledge of the candidates on the waiting list for liver transplantation, as well as their perception of their own knowledge. Method: quantitative, descriptive / exploratory study, with patients on the waiting list for liver transplantation as participants. Results: Sixty-two patients constituted the sample, average queue time of 5.7 years. The mean score on the questionnaire was 7.4 with a standard deviation of 2.5. Questions related to the post-transplant stage showed the worst hit rates. Forty-three percent of the patients indicated that they received information about the disease and 77.4% did not consider those information sufficient. Regarding the understanding of the disease and transplantation, 37.1% and 45.2% showed insufficient understanding, respectively. The internal consistency of the questionnaire, verified by Cronbach's alpha, was 0.813. Conclusion: the questionnaire presented internal consistency to assess the candidate's' knowledge of a liver transplant and showed information deficit regarding the postoperative period of transplantation.

Background The relevance that adherence to treatment plays in liver transplantation, and the impact this factor may have on the success of treatment, are fundamental in assessing the variables which affect patient adherence during the pretransplantation period. Objectives This study aims to determine factors that affect liver transplant candidates' adherence to treatment, and analyze the association between adherence, socioeconomic and demographic factors, clinical characteristics, and patient understanding about the disease and liver transplantation. Methods This epidemiological, observational, and prospective study included 62 patients registered in the technical database of the Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo during the period November 2012–May 2014. The dependent variable was adherence to treatment among liver transplantation candidates, and the independent variables included understanding the disease and the transplantation process, and depression and anxiety symptoms among liver transplantation candidates. Results Work situation ( P = .038), understanding about the disease ( P = .002), and use of laxatives ( P = .045) were the factors related to statistically significant adherence, and it can be concluded that implementation of an educational program may increase adherence up to 3.48 times in the pretransplantation phase, as adherence was 3.48 times lower in patients who reported little or no knowledge of the disease or the procedure.

Objective: To evaluate quality of life, religiosity and anxiety and depressive symptoms in liver transplant candidates. Method: An epidemiological and cross-sectional study carried out with liver transplant candidates attended at the outpatient clinic of a University Hospital from 2014 to 2016. Results: Fifty (50) patients with a mean age of 52.5 years old participated in the study, predominantly male (58.0%), having access to primary education (48.0%), Model for End-Stage Liver Disease between 10-19 and having viral hepatitis as the main etiology. They presented an average quality of life score (4.1), high intrinsic religiosity index (5.6) and the presence of anxiety (52.0%) and depressive symptoms (48.0%). It was possible to observe an association between religiosity and quality of life in the worry domain, with higher non-organizational religiosity leading to higher quality of life; anxiety and depressive symptoms were not associated with quality of life and religiosity. However, patients with higher levels of education were more likely to present depressive symptoms. Conclusion: The analysis of quality of life and religiosity was significant, reinforcing the need for the care team to consider religiosity as a coping strategy for the disease. RESUMEN Objetivo: Evaluar la calidad de vida, la religiosidad y los síntomas ansiosos y depresivos en candidatos a trasplante de hígado. Método: Estudio epidemiológico y transversal, realizado con candidatos a trasplante de hígado acompañados en el ambulatorio de un Hospital Universitario, en el período de 2014 a 2016. Resultados: Participaron en el estudio 50 pacientes, quienes presentaron promedio de edad de 52,5 años, predominantemente del sexo masculino (58,0%), con acceso a la educación básica (48,0%) Model for End Stage Liver Disease entre 10-19 y hepatitis viral como etiología principal. Presentaron calidad de vida mediana (score 4,1), alto índice de religiosidad intrínseca (5,6) y presencia de síntomas ansiosos (52,0%) y depresivos (48,0%). Se pudo notar la asociación entre religiosidad y calidad de vida en el dominio preocupación - cuanto mayor la religiosidad no organizativa, tanto mayor la calidad de vida; síntomas ansiosos y depresivos no asociados con la calidad de vida y religiosidad. Sin embargo, pacientes con altos niveles de escolaridad tuvieron mayor probabilidad de presentar síntomas depresivos. Conclusión: El análisis de la calidad de vida y religiosidad fue significativo, subrayando la necesidad de que el equipo asistencial la considere como estrategia de enfrentamiento de la enfermedad. RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar a qualidade de vida, a religiosidade e os sintomas ansiosos e depressivos em candidatos a transplante de fígado. Método: Estudo epidemiológico e transversal, realizado com candidatos a transplante de fígado acompanhados no ambulatório de um Hospital Universitário, no período de 2014 a 2016. Resultados: Participaram do estudo 50 pacientes, que apresentaram média de idade de 52,5 anos, predominantemente do sexo masculino (58,0%), com acesso ao ensino fundamental (48,0%), Model for End Stage Liver Disease entre 10-19 e hepatite viral como etiologia principal. Apresentaram qualidade de vida mediana (escore 4,1), alto índice de religiosidade intrínseca (5,6) e presença de sintomas ansiosos (52,0%) e depressivos (48,0%). Pôde-se observar associação entre religiosidade e qualidade de vida no domínio preocupação - quanto maior a religiosidade não organizacional, maior a qualidade de vida; sintomas ansiosos e depressivos não associados à qualidade de vida e religiosidade. Porém, pacientes com altos níveis de escolaridade tiveram maior probabilidade de apresentar sintomas depressivos. Conclusão: A análise de qualidade de vida e religiosidade foi significativa, reforçando a necessidade de a equipe assistencial considerá-la como estratégia de enfrentamento da doença.

Objetivo identificar os motivos da recusa de córneas. Método estudo transversal, retrospectivo, descritivo e correlacional, composto por 5.560 córneas ópticas. As informações foram extraídas do banco de dados da Central de Notificação, Captação e Doação de Órgãos (CNCDO), bem como de prontuários de doadores. A estatística descritiva foi utilizada para a análise das variáveis categóricas e testes específicos, com nível de significância de 5% para avaliar as associações entre as variáveis. Este estudo atendeu aos aspectos éticos da pesquisa científica. Resultados 60% dos doadores eram do sexo masculino e 40% morreram por problemas circulatórios. Os principais motivos de recusa informados pelas equipes de transplante são a idade do doador e a contagem de células endoteliais. Para cada ano adicionado à idade do doador, há uma redução de 1% na chance de que essa córnea seja usada para transplante, e para cada acréscimo de 100 células por mm2 aumenta as chances de que essa córnea seja usada em 9%. Conclusão a principal causa de recusa na aceitação do tecido corneano está relacionada à idade e à contagem de células endoteliais. Objective to identify the reasons for refusal of corneas. Method this was a cross-sectional, retrospective, descriptive and correlational study composed of 5,560 optical corneas. The information was taken from the notification, organ procurement and distribution centers database as well as donor records. Descriptive statistics were used for the analysis of categorical variables and specific tests with a significance level of 5% for assessing the associations between variables. This study met the ethical aspects of scientific research. Results 60% of the donors were male and 40% died by circulatory problems. The main reason for refusal as informed by transplant teams is the donor’s age and the endothelial cell count. For each year added to the donor’s age, there is a 1% decrease in the chance that this cornea will be used for transplantation, and the increase of 100 cells per mm2 increases the chances that this cornea will be used by 9%. Conclusion the main cause of refusal in the acceptance of corneal tissue is related to the age and the endothelial cell count. Objetivo identificar los motivos para el rechazo de córneas. Método estudio transversal, retrospectivo, descriptivo y correlacional, compuesto por 5.560 córneas ópticas. La información se obtuvo de la bases de datos de Centros de Notificación, Obtención de Órganos y Distribución, así como de los registros de los donantes. Se utilizaron estadísticas descriptivas para analizar las variables categóricas y pruebas específicas con un nivel de significación de 5%, para evaluar las asociaciones entre variables. Este estudio contempla los aspectos éticos de una investigación científica. Resultados el 60% de los donantes eran hombres y el 40% falleció por problemas circulatorios. La principal razón del rechazo, informada por los equipos de trasplante, es la edad del donante y el recuento de las células endoteliales. Por cada año agregado a la edad del donante, existe una disminución de 1% en la probabilidad de que la córnea pueda ser utilizada para trasplante; el aumento de 100 células por mm2 aumenta la posibilidad de que esta córnea será usada por 9%. Conclusión la principal causa de rechazo en la aceptación del tejido corneal está relacionada con la edad y el recuento de células endoteliales.

Objetivo: identificar as práticas obstétricas na assistência ao parto e nascimento em uma maternidade pública de Rio Branco, Acre. Método: estudo descritivo exploratório de delineamento transversal, com 460 puérperas de partos vaginais e de seus recém-nascidos ocorrido de novembro de 2013 a fevereiro de 2014. Dados coletados por meio de entrevistas, prontuário e folha de admissão do recém-nascido, submetidos à análise estatística descritiva e analítica. Resultados: práticas demonstradamente úteis: Presença de acompanhante 400(87%); oferecimento de dieta 349 (75,9%); liberdade de posição e movimento 374 (81,3); uso de partograma 246 (53,5%); alívio da dor 360 (78,3%) e contato pele a pele 433 (94,1%). Práticas inapropriadas: Amniotomia 249 (54,2%). Práticas claramente prejudiciais: infusão de ocitocina 87 (39%), posição horizontal para o parto 435 (94,6%), manobra de Kristeller no período expulsivo 71 (15,5%). Conclusão: é possível romper com o modelo obstétrico praticado atualmente, porém incentivos na formação dos profissionais se fazem necessários.