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Psychological and social adjustment and academic success in post-secondary institutions are supported by a sense of belonging to a social group and having meaningful relationships with other students, staff, and faculty members. This exploratory study used a qualitative approach to investigate post-secondary students’ sense of belonging in the virtual learning environment during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study was conducted at a small Western Canadian university. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 20 participants who were undergraduate students, from various faculties, and in different years in their programs. Findings were clustered into three themes: (1) student expectations of university, (2) impact of virtual learning environments on students, and (3) the role of educators. Recommendations are included to enhance support and belonging for post-secondary students in virtual learning environments., L’adaptation psychologique et sociale et la réussite dans les établissements postsecondaires sont soutenues par un sentiment d’appartenance à un groupe social et par des relations significatives avec les autres étudiants, le personnel et les membres du corps professoral. Cette étude exploratoire utilise une approche qualitative pour enquêter sur le sentiment d’appartenance à l’environne-ment d’apprentissage virtuel des étudiants de niveau postsecondaire pendant la pandémie de COVID-19. L’étude a été menée dans une petite université de l’Ouest canadien. Une entrevue semi-dirigée a été menée auprès de vingt étudiants de premier cycle, de diverses facultés et années d’études. Les résultats ont été regroupés sous trois thématiques : (1) les attentes des étudiants vis-à-vis de l’université; (2) l’impact des environnements d’apprentissage virtuels sur les étudiants; et (3) le rôle des enseignants. Des recommandations sont proposées afin d’améliorer le soutien et l’appartenance des étudiants de niveau postsecondaire dans les environnements d’apprentissage virtuels.

Supplementary Data from Identification of Prognostic Biomarkers for Prostate Cancer

Purpose: This paper describes a process for the identification of genes that can report on the aggressiveness of prostate tumors and thereby add to the information provided by current pathologic analysis.Materials and Methods: Expression profiling data from over 100 laser capture microdissection derived samples from nonneoplastic epithelium; Gleason patterns 3, 4, and 5 and node metastasis prostate cancer were used to identify genes at abnormally high levels in only some tumors. These variably overexpressed genes were stratified by their association with aggressive phenotypes and were subsequently filtered to exclude genes with redundant expression patterns. Selected genes were validated in a case-control study in which cases (systemic progression within 5 years) and controls (no systemic progression at 7 years of follow-up) were matched for all clinical and pathologic criteria from time of prostatectomy (n = 175). Both cases and controls, therefore, could have nodal invasion or seminal vesicle involvement at the time of initial treatment.Results: A number of candidate variably overexpressed genes selected for their association with aggressive prostate cancer phenotype were evaluated in the case control study. The most prominent candidates were SSTR1 and genes related to proliferation, including TOP2A.Conclusions: The process described here identified genes that add information not available from current clinical measures and can improve the prognosis of prostate cancer.

Biodistribution in mice with subcutaneous LS174T tumors at 24, 48 and 72 hours after injection of 30 μg of [111In]In-DTPA-SGM-101.

Supplemental figure 4 shows slide 3 of figure 4 at a higher magnification (5x). Clear colocalization of CEA-expressing tumor cells can be observed. From left to right: H&E staining, CEA immunohistochemistry, NIR Fluorescence.

Purpose:Intraoperative image guidance may aid in clinical decision-making during surgical treatment of colorectal cancer. We developed the dual-labeled carcinoembryonic antigen–targeting tracer, [111In]In-DTPA-SGM-101, for pre- and intraoperative imaging of colorectal cancer. Subsequently, we investigated the tracer in preclinical biodistribution and multimodal image-guided surgery studies, and assessed the clinical feasibility on patient-derived colorectal cancer samples, paving the way for rapid clinical translation.Experimental Design:SGM-101 was conjugated with p-isothiocyanatobenzyl–diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA) and labeled with Indium-111 (111In). The biodistribution of 3, 10, 30, and 100 μg [111In]In-DTPA-SGM-101 was assessed in a dose escalation study in BALB/c nude mice with subcutaneous LS174T human colonic tumors, followed by a study to determine the optimal timepoint for imaging. Mice with intraperitoneal LS174T tumors underwent micro-SPECT/CT imaging and fluorescence image–guided resection. In a final translational experiment, we incubated freshly resected human tumor specimens with the tracer and assessed the tumor-to-adjacent tissue ratio of both signals.Results:The optimal protein dose of [111In]In-DTPA-SGM-101 was 30 μg (tumor-to-blood ratio, 5.8 ± 1.1) and the optimal timepoint for imaging was 72 hours after injection (tumor-to-blood ratio, 5.1 ± 1.0). In mice with intraperitoneal tumors, [111In]In-DTPA-SGM-101 enabled preoperative SPECT/CT imaging and fluorescence image–guided resection. After incubation of human tumor samples, overall fluorescence and radiosignal intensities were higher in tumor areas compared with adjacent nontumor tissue (P < 0.001).Conclusions:[111In]In-DTPA-SGM-101 showed specific accumulation in colorectal tumors, and enabled micro-SPECT/CT imaging and fluorescence image–guided tumor resection. Thus, [111In]In-DTPA-SGM-101 could be a valuable tool for preoperative SPECT/CT imaging and intraoperative radio-guided localization and fluorescence image–guided resection of colorectal cancer.

Microscopic analysis of resected intraperitoneal tumors shows clear overlap of CEA-expressing tumor cells, NIR-fluorescence and radiosignal. In the bottom right corner a region with normal non-CEA expressing cells clearly shows low fluorescence and radiosignal. (A) H&E, B) CEA, C) NIR-Fluorescence, D) Autoradiography.

Absorption and emission of SGM-101 and DTPA-SGM-101. Measurements shown from 500 to nanometer, in steps of 5 nanometer.

Supplementary Figures 1-4 from Induction of Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia and Modulation of Androgen Receptor by ETS Variant 1/ETS-Related Protein 81

Supplementary Table 2 from Induction of Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia and Modulation of Androgen Receptor by ETS Variant 1/ETS-Related Protein 81

Supplementary Table 1 from Induction of Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia and Modulation of Androgen Receptor by ETS Variant 1/ETS-Related Protein 81

ETS variant 1 (ETV1), also known as ETS-related protein 81, is overexpressed in prostate tumors, but whether and how this transcription factor affects tumorigenesis has remained elusive. Here, we show that ETV1 is primarily overexpressed in the most aggressive human prostate tumors. Transgenic ETV1 mice developed prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia as well as hyperplasia/neoplasia in seminal vesicles. Moreover, ETV1 cooperated with the androgen receptor (AR) to bind to the prostate-specific antigen enhancer and stimulate gene transcription. Consistent with its ability to physically interact with AR, ETV1 rendered an ETV1 binding site–driven reporter androgen inducible, and, on the other hand, ETV1 superinduced transcription from an AR binding site on androgen stimulation. In conclusion, our study substantiates that ETV1 overexpression is an underlying cause in the development of prostate and possibly also seminal vesicle cancer. Its interaction with and activation of AR provides a molecular mechanism on how ETV1 exerts its deleterious function. Thus, inhibiting ETV1 or blocking its interaction with AR may represent novel strategies in prostate cancer therapy. [Cancer Res 2009;69(20):8102–10]

Supplementary Legends for Figures 1-4, Tables 1-2 from Induction of Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia and Modulation of Androgen Receptor by ETS Variant 1/ETS-Related Protein 81

Objectives The 2018 Canadian Network for Mood and Anxiety Treatments (CANMAT) and International Society for Bipolar Disorders (ISBD) guidelines provided clinicians with pragmatic treatment recommendations for bipolar disorder (BD). While these guidelines included commentary on how mixed features may direct treatment selection, specific recommendations were not provided- a critical gap which the current update aims to address. Method Overview of research regarding mixed presentations in BD, with treatment recommendations developed using a modified CANMAT/ISBD rating methodology. Limitations are discussed, including the dearth of high-quality data and reliance on expert opinion. Results No agents met threshold for first line treatment of DSM-5 manic or depressive episodes with mixed features. For mania + mixed features second line treatment options include asenapine, cariprazine, divalproex, and aripiprazole. In depression + mixed features, cariprazine and lurasidone are recommended as second line options. For DSM-IV defined mixed episodes, with a longer history of research, asenapine and aripiprazole are first line, and olanzapine (monotherapy or combination), carbamazepine, and divalproex are second line. Research on maintenance treatments following a DSM-5 mixed presentation is extremely limited, with third-line recommendations based on expert opinion. For maintenance treatment following a DSM-IV mixed episode, quetiapine (monotherapy or combination) is first line, and lithium and olanzapine identified as second line options. Conclusion The CANMAT and ISBD groups hope these guidelines provide valuable support for clinicians providing care to patients experiencing mixed presentations, as well as further influence investment in research to improve diagnosis and treatment of this common and complex clinical state.

Aim To investigate the role stressors, and how coping strategies cultivated nurse managers' resilience in rural workplaces. Background A stressful workplace can impair the mental and physical health of nurse managers leading to poor performance. Building and sustaining manager resilience in complex and stressful practice environments is necessary to attract and maintain competent and skilled managers. Method In this qualitative exploratory inquiry, a purposive sampling method was used to recruit 16 nurse managers in rural western Canada. Results Coping strategies fostered manager's resilience that made their work meaningful, and included putting out fires, psychologically reframing a situation, serving others and receiving support. Conclusions Managers brought expertise, knowledge and skill to make their work meaningful and central to ongoing health service delivery in these rural communities. Nurse manager resilience can be strengthened by using evidence-based strategies in an increasingly complex health care environment. Implications for nursing management Managers need to be supported and encouraged to develop awareness of their own protective factors as they cope with challenging situations. Building resilience through formal education, social support and meaningful recognition is an important focus for nurse leaders in establishing a healthy work environment and maintaining a stable nursing workforce.

We are very pleased to bring you Volume 17 of the Clinical Sociology Review (CSR). The first volume of the CSR was published in 1982 and Volume 16 was published in 1998. The original sponsor, the Clinical Sociology Association, decided to expand the scope of the organization and the CSR became part of a journal with a different name. Many colleagues thought it was time to reinvent the original journal. We hope you enjoyed reading the first 16 volumes of the CSR by visiting the Wayne State University website at https://digitalcommons.wayne.edu/csr/ and that you look forward to reading the new issues.

Background: Multiple events that occurred in the United States in early 2020 prompted a widespread response to address racism that exists within systemic and social structures. Third-year psychiatric nursing students at a small Western Canadian university answered the call to action by initiating a process to address racism within clinical and educational settings in their faculty. Methods: The researchers used collaborative autoethnography to examine the experience of students and faculty working collaboratively to create a Faculty of Health Studies antiracism action plan. Results: The reflections of the student and faculty researchers highlighted three major themes: what inspired the work of creating an antiracism action plan, doing the work, and lessons learned. Conclusion: Engaging in this research provided an opportunity to critically reflect on the process of students and faculty working together in establishing an antiracism action plan. [ J Nurs Educ . 2022;61(8):461–468.]

all results that were expressed as platinum concentration. The reported results were incorrectly labelled as total and free platinum concentrations, whereas they correspond to total and free oxaliplatin concentrations. This applies to the following sections of the article: abstract, material and methods, results, discussion, Figs. 2–5 and Table 2. Any reader who would convert these results of oxaliplatin concentrations to platinum concentrations should multiply the reported values by 0.49 (based on the molecular mass of both oxaliplatin and platinum which is 397.29 g/mol and 195.08 g/mol, respectively). Although the main conclusions of the article remain intact some parts of the discussion should be nuanced. In the discussion (page 148) it is mentioned that the median tissue concentrations found in this study match with the results of Elias et al. who found a peritoneal platinum tissue concentration of 392 μg/g dry weight. In fact the median tissue concentrations in the GUTOX study is approximately half of the concentration reported in the study by Elias et al. However, taking into account the large interpatient variability the results remain in line with each other. In the discussion (page 148), it is mentioned that the peak plasma concentration of ultrafiltered platinum observed in the GUTOX study after intraperitoneal administration of oxaliplatin in a dose of 460 mg/ m2 was higher than the peak plasma concentration after a 2-h intravenous infusion of oxaliplatin at a dose of 130 mg/m2. This statement still accounts after conversion, although the difference in peak plasma concentration becomes smaller. The statement that average total exposure over time for ultrafiltered platinum observed in the GUTOX study (15.5 and 18.8 μg*h/ml) is higher than the total systemic exposure for ultrafiltered platinum after a single 2-h infusion of oxaliplatin at 130 mg/m2 (11.9 μg*h/ml) is incorrect after conversion since the actual ultrafiltered platinum exposure (7.6 and 9.2 μg*h/ml) is lower compared to 11.9 μg*h/ml. The lower systemic platinum exposure also explains the absence of haematological toxicity found in this study.

International students are at heightened risk of developing psychological distress, yet little research has been conducted on their mental health or support needs. This quantitative study focused on undergraduate students at two mid-sized universities in Manitoba, Canada. Online and paper surveys were completed by 932 participants, of whom 21% identified as international students. This paper, descriptive in nature, outlines the sociodemographic profiles, current mental health status, psychological characteristics, and coping strategies of international students compared to domestic students in each institution. Data show that international students are more likely to report excellent mental health, score higher on the mental health scale, and report higher life satisfaction, higher self-esteem, and more positive body image than domestic respondents. However, they are less likely to talk about their hardships. Providing culturally-adapted supports that take into consideration ethnolinguistic differences, religious practice, and mental health literacy will better meet the needs of international students on campus.

Purpose In this exploratory study, the effect of postprocedural flushing with crystalloids after oxaliplatin-based hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) on platinum concentrations in peritoneal tissue, blood, and drain fluid was studied. Interpatient variability in oxaliplatin pharmacokinetics and the relation between platinum concentration in peritoneal fluid and platinum exposure in tissue and blood was explored. Methods Ten patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis of colorectal origin were treated with HIPEC including postprocedural flushing, followed by ten patients without flushing afterwards. Tissue, peritoneal fluid, blood, and drain fluid samples were collected for measurement of total and ultrafiltered platinum concentrations. Results Peritoneal tissue concentration and systemic ultrafiltered platinum exposure showed large inter individual variability, ranging from 65 to 1640 µg/g dry weight and 10.5 to 28.0 µg*h/ml, respectively. No effect of flushing was found on geometric mean platinum concentration in peritoneal tissue (348 vs. 356 µg/g dry weight), blood (14.8 vs. 18.1 µg*h/ml), or drain fluid (day 1: 7.6 vs. 7.7 µg/ml; day 2: 1.7 vs. 1.9 µg/ml). The platinum concentration in peritoneal fluid at the start of HIPEC differed twofold between patients and was positively correlated with systemic exposure (p = .04) and peak plasma concentration (p = .04). Conclusion In this exploratory study, no effect was found for postprocedural flushing on platinum concentrations in peritoneal tissue, blood, or drain fluid. BSA-based HIPEC procedure leads to large interpatient variability in platinum exposure in all compartments. The study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov on 7 December 2017 under registration number NCT03364907.

A study regarding the role and uniqueness of psychiatric nursing was conducted with 94 participants from Manitoba, Canada. The primary theme of comprehensive knowledge of mental health, mental illness, and addictions was foundational for the application of the sub-themes of therapeutic relationship, holistic approach, recovery orientation, stigma reduction, and advocacy for change. Values, beliefs, and attitudes towards people with mental illness and addictions need to be instilled in psychiatric nursing students throughout their educational program to provide high quality, compassionate, and safe care. Implications for incorporation of the theme and sub-themes into psychiatric nursing curriculum are described in the paper.

In patients with colorectal peritoneal metastases scheduled for cytoreductive surgery, accurate preoperative estimation of tumor burden and subsequent intraoperative detection of all tumor deposits remains challenging. In this study (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03699332) we describe the results of a phase I clinical trial evaluating [111In]In-DOTA-labetuzumab-IRDye800CW, a dual-labeled anti-carcinoembryonic antigen (anti-CEA) antibody conjugate that enables both preoperative imaging and intraoperative radioguidance and fluorescence imaging. Primary study outcomes are safety and feasibility of this multimodal imaging approach. Secondary outcomes are determination of the optimal dose, correlation between tracer uptake and histopathology and effects on clinical strategy. Administration of [111In]In-DOTA-labetuzumab-IRDye800CW is well-tolerated and enables sensitive pre- and intraoperative imaging in patients who receive 10 or 50 mg of the tracer. Preoperative imaging revealed previously undetected lymph node metastases in one patient, and intraoperative fluorescence imaging revealed four previously undetected metastases in two patients. Alteration of clinical strategy based on multimodal imaging occurred in three patients. Thus, multimodal image-guided surgery after administration of this dual-labeled tracer is a promising approach that may aid in decision making before and during cytoreductive surgical procedures.

OBJECTIVES While clinical guidelines exist for the management of bipolar disorder (BD), there are significant challenges to their widespread dissemination and implementation in clinical practice. The Canadian Network of Mood and Anxiety Treatment Improving Patient Care and Outcomes in the Treatment of Bipolar Disorder (C-IMPACT BD) web-based application was developed for use at the point-of-care to improve adherence to guidelines for evidence-based pharmacological management of BD. METHODS C-IMPACT BD uses a point-of-care practice assessment which, via adaptive questioning of patient-specific information, text/video descriptions of the guidelines, and pop-up prompts delivers personalized, evidence-based treatment recommendations for patients with BD. In order to inform quality improvement of the newly developed tool, a sample of Canadian physicians were invited to use the application and record its influence on their prescribing behavior. RESULTS Of 375 patients with bipolar I (BD-I) or bipolar II (BD-II) disorder for whom a point-of-care practice assessment was completed, a change in therapy was considered for 225 (60.0%). Prior to completing the assessment, 59.6% of these patients were receiving first-line therapy recommended for their phase of illness. Following the assessment, the overall number of patients for whom a first-line recommended therapy was being considered increased significantly to 76.9% (p = 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS Outcomes suggest that the C-IMPACT BD web-based application has the potential to improve physician adherence to clinical treatment guidelines. Formal research investigations are warranted to explore the impact of this tool on physician prescribing behavior and patient outcomes.

Mediation refers to one or more individuals facilitating a negotiation among disputants to help them try to resolve, to their satisfaction, an issue or issues of concern. There is increasing interest in using mediation in a wide variety of circumstances (e.g., divorce, child custody, family disagreements, small claims issues, business matters, community problems, environmental issues and intrastate violent conflicts). Although professional women mediators in many countries are often involved in certain kinds of mediations as mediators or as members of mediation teams, this is not always the case. Examined here is the fact that few women mediators are involved as lead mediators or members of mediation teams in conflict zones - areas that are often large, involve complex issues and have been, or continue to be, violent. This article first discusses the concepts of inclusive peacebuilding and inclusive peacemaking. This is followed by a short discussion about mediation, and then further information is provided about women mediators. Finally, suggestions are made to increase the number of women mediators in complex, large-scale conflicts.

Contains fulltext : 218875.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access) Myxofibrosarcoma(MFS) is the most common soft tissue sarcoma(STS) in elderly patients. Surgical resection remains the main treatment modality but tumor borders can be difficult to delineate with conventional clinical methods. Incomplete resections are a common problem and local recurrence remains a clinical issue. A technique that has shown great potential in improving surgical treatment of solid tumors is tumor targeted imaging and image-guided surgery with near-infrared fluorescence. To facilitate this technique, it is essential to identify a biomarker that is highly and homogenously expressed on tumor cells, while being absent on healthy non-malignant tissue. The purpose of this study was to identify suitable molecular targets for tumor-targeted imaging of myxofibrosarcoma. Ten potential molecular targets for tumor targeted imaging were investigated with immunohistochemical analysis in myxofibrosarcoma tissue (n = 34). Results were quantified according to the immunoreactive score(IRS). Moderate expression rates were found for uPAR, PDGFRa and EMA/MUC1. High expression rates of VEGF and TEM1 were seen. Strong expression was most common for TEM1 (88.2%). These results confirms that TEM1 is a suitable target for tumor-targeted imaging of myxofibrosarcoma. Keywords Image-guided surgery; Immunohistochemistry; Molecular imaging; Myxofibrosarcoma; Soft tissue sarcoma; Tumor endothelial marker 1(TEM1), Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF).

Introduction: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (CT) for locally advanced colon cancer (LACC) could potentially lead to tumor shrinkage, eradication of micrometastases, and prevention of tumor cell shedding during surgery. This retrospective study investigates the surgical and oncological outcomes of preoperative CT for LACC. Methods: Using the Netherlands Cancer Registry, data of patients with stage II or III colon cancer, diagnosed between 2008 and 2016 was collected. A propensity score matching (PSM; 1:2) was performed and compared patients with clinical tumor (cT) 4 colon cancer who were treated with neoadjuvant CT to patients with cT4 colon cancer treated with adjuvant CT (Fig. 1). Results: A total of 192 patients treated with neoadjuvant CT were compared to 1,954 patients that received adjuvant CT. After PSM, 149 patients in the neoadjuvant group were compared to 298 patients in the control group. No significant differences were found in baseline characteristics after PSM. After neoadjuvant CT, a significant response was observed in 13 (9%) patients with 5 (4%) patients showing a complete response. Complete resection margins (R0) were achieved in 77% in the neoadjuvant group versus 86% in the adjuvant treated group (p = 0.037). Significantly less tumor positive lymph nodes were found in the neoadjuvant group (median 0 vs. 2, p < 0.001). Major complication rates and 5-year overall survival did not differ between both groups (67–65%, p = 0.87). Conclusion: Neoadjuvant CT seems safe and feasible with similar long-term survival compared to patients who are treated with adjuvant CT.

Folic acid (FA) is an essential micronutrient but its delivery and bioavailability is a problem due to its inherent instability at various conditions. A robust protective encapsulation system for folic acid is highly desirable. This work reports the use of the divalent copper in complex with alginate as a strong encapsulation system for folic acid. Using gel spherification technique, hydrogels were formed upon dropwise addition of sodium alginate solution in a copper bath. In the presence of folic acid, encapsulation was achieved as evidenced by the yellow coloration, intact surface morphology (SEM), the presence of nitrogen (23.08% N; EDX), and thermal gravimetric degradation for folic acid (28% FA; TGA). The spherical hydrogels do not burst upon 2 m-drop test and remain intact at pH 1.2 with no evident release of folic acid indicating stability of the encapsulation system at the abdominal gastric condition. The copper alginate acted as gastro-resistant material and slow release of folic acid occurs only at pH > 5 especially at simulated intestinal conditions (pH 8.2). The study indicates the potential of copper alginates as a protective encapsulant to ensure stability and slow release of FA in simulated physiological pH conditions.

Many Qatari families are opting to have their children educated at international schools with curricula based upon western thought and educational standards. Exploring the perceptions of Qatari ado...

This study aimed to find out the significant relationship between the educational change amidst COVID-19 and the well-being of the teachers at Calauan District. This study utilized the descriptive-correlation type of research. The respondents are composed of the one hundred fifty-six (156) public elementary school teacher in Calauan District for the school year 2020-2021 and the total enumeration was employed in selecting the respondents of the study. The study found that the respondents perceived educational change to teacher’s well-being in terms of physical health found to be significantly related. However, mental health found no significant relationship to educational change. Based on the above findings the following recommendations are set forth: The teachers may continue using blended learning when normal schooling starts since modular distance learning taught students the value of self-reliance, independence and being responsible in their studies which may help them minimize the bulk of workloads in everyday teaching if the school permit. Despite the “no significant” relationship was found between the educational change and well-being in terms of mental and emotional health of the teachers, it is still advised by the researcher that changes in education with or without Coronavirus pandemic should not limit themselves from taking care of their well-being. Health must be the first priority without neglecting the duties and responsibilities of being a teacher. Teachers may consider to prioritize well-being no matter how busy or how many workloads they may have, still healthy mind and body matters most to do the job well.

This study aimed to find out the significant relationship between the educational change amidst COVID-19 and the well-being of the teachers at Calauan District. This study utilized the descriptive-correlation type of research. The respondents are composed of the one hundred fifty-six (156) public elementary school teacher in Calauan District for the school year 2020-2021 and the total enumeration was employed in selecting the respondents of the study. The study found that the respondents perceived educational change to teacher’s well-being in terms of physical health found to be significantly related. However, mental health found no significant relationship to educational change. Based on the above findings the following recommendations are set forth: The teachers may continue using blended learning when normal schooling starts since modular distance learning taught students the value of self-reliance, independence and being responsible in their studies which may help them minimize the bulk of workloads in everyday teaching if the school permit. Despite the “no significant” relationship was found between the educational change and well-being in terms of mental and emotional health of the teachers, it is still advised by the researcher that changes in education with or without Coronavirus pandemic should not limit themselves from taking care of their well-being. Health must be the first priority without neglecting the duties and responsibilities of being a teacher. Teachers may consider to prioritize well-being no matter how busy or how many workloads they may have, still healthy mind and body matters most to do the job well.

This introductory chapter to the book provides an overview of the challenges that face unaccompanied children and youth as they seek entry into new countries. There is an international increase of unaccompanied minors and refugees. Causes for their fleeing to new countries are reviewed and include poverty, war, climate change, violence, to join family members, and the quest for a better life. Even those who are resilient have experienced a variety of traumas before they arrive in the new country. How an institution, community or state responds to their entry will influence their well-being. The book demonstrates how a clinical sociology approach will provide benefits to children and support the articles recommended in the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child.

Studies have shown different effects of Raphanus sativus L. (RS) extract on different cancer cell types. However, the dynamics of gene regulation between RS and cancer is still unknown. In this study, a mathematical model was incorporated to link cell cycle regulation pathways associated with the pharmacognosy of radish extracts towards breast cancer (BC), chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), and colorectal cancer (CC). The cell cycle regulation pathways considered were MAPK/ERK and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways. A model created using ordinary differential equations was used to simulate the steady state concentrations of the proteins in both pathways, before and after exposure to radish extracts. Among the proteins ubiquitous in these pathways, Cyclin D1-CDK complex and p53 were found to be predominantly dysregulated in most cancers. The expression of these proteins was used as the benchmark of the pharmacognosy of radish extracts. Our simulation showed a decreasing trend in the binding specificities (\(K_M\)) of RS with Cyclin D1-CDK complex and p53 respectively from CML \(\left[ 5\,\upmu \mathrm{M}, 100 \,\upmu \mathrm{M}\right] \), CC \([2.5 \times 10^{-2}\,\upmu \mathrm{M}, 10\,\upmu \mathrm{M}]\) up to BC \([10^{-6}\,\upmu \mathrm{M}, 10^{-3}\,\upmu \mathrm{M}]\) which led to a decrease in Cyclin D1-CDK complex (90.74% for BC, 73.42% for CC, 1.10% for CML) and an increase in p53 (83.47% for BC, 62.75% for CC, 5.69% for CML). This suggests that the anticancer activity of RS was through the moderation of cell proliferation and induction of apoptosis in malignant neoplasms. Hence, the model proposed that RS had high chemotherapeutic activity on BC while having moderate efficacy on CC and insignificant efficacy on CML as substantiated by cytotoxicity assays on MCF-7 and HT-29 which both exhibited \(IC_{50} 100\,\upmu \)g/mL.

This chapter presents some of the basics of the analysis and intervention that is clinical sociology—the concepts, ideas about intervention, theory, diagrams, and models. Concepts (important terms), diagrams (simple visual representations), and models (explanations or visualizations of how practitioners should function) help us define our field and can serve as a baseline for discussions regarding intervention. Topics that are covered include: rights-based intervention, structurally-conducive settings, creativity, inclusion, socioeconomic development, levels of intervention, approaches to intervention, research, ethical principles and client systems.

Intraoperative image guidance may aid in clinical decision-making during surgical treatment of colorectal cancer. We developed the dual-labeled carcinoembryonic antigen-targeting tracer, [SGM-101 was conjugated with p-isothiocyanatobenzyl-diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA) and labeled with Indium-111 (The optimal protein dose of [[

Psychiatric nurses often experience associative stigma. Associative stigma may impact psychiatric nurses' views of their professional identity which ultimately impacts the health care of individuals experiencing mental health concerns. Very little research has been conducted on associative stigma in the western Prairie Provinces, including Manitoba. The authors conducted a secondary analysis on the results of an explanatory sequential mixed methods research study to determine if psychiatric nurses in Manitoba are influenced by associative stigma. Three themes were identified through this analysis, specifically: (1) the perception that RPNs are not "Real" Nurses; (2) lack of recognition of specialized training; and (3) working with a stigmatized population. Associative stigma was intertwined in all of the participants' narratives indicating a need to dismantle associative stigma. Strategies to enhance the public perception of psychiatric nursing and decrease associative stigma within the profession are described.

The Canadian Network for Mood and Anxiety Treatments (CANMAT) previously published treatment guidelines for bipolar disorder in 2005, along with international commentaries and subsequent updates in 2007, 2009, and 2013. The last two updates were published in collaboration with the International Society for Bipolar Disorders (ISBD). These 2018 CANMAT and ISBD Bipolar Treatment Guidelines represent the significant advances in the field since the last full edition was published in 2005, including updates to diagnosis and management as well as new research into pharmacological and psychological treatments. These advances have been translated into clear and easy to use recommendations for first, second, and third- line treatments, with consideration given to levels of evidence for efficacy, clinical support based on experience, and consensus ratings of safety, tolerability, and treatment-emergent switch risk. New to these guidelines, hierarchical rankings were created for first and second- line treatments recommended for acute mania, acute depression, and maintenance treatment in bipolar I disorder. Created by considering the impact of each treatment across all phases of illness, this hierarchy will further assist clinicians in making evidence-based treatment decisions. Lithium, quetiapine, divalproex, asenapine, aripiprazole, paliperidone, risperidone, and cariprazine alone or in combination are recommended as first-line treatments for acute mania. First-line options for bipolar I depression include quetiapine, lurasidone plus lithium or divalproex, lithium, lamotrigine, lurasidone, or adjunctive lamotrigine. While medications that have been shown to be effective for the acute phase should generally be continued for the maintenance phase in bipolar I disorder, there are some exceptions (such as with antidepressants); and available data suggest that lithium, quetiapine, divalproex, lamotrigine, asenapine, and aripiprazole monotherapy or combination treatments should be considered first-line for those initiating or switching treatment during the maintenance phase. In addition to addressing issues in bipolar I disorder, these guidelines also provide an overview of, and recommendations for, clinical management of bipolar II disorder, as well as advice on specific populations, such as women at various stages of the reproductive cycle, children and adolescents, and older adults. There are also discussions on the impact of specific psychiatric and medical comorbidities such as substance use, anxiety, and metabolic disorders. Finally, an overview of issues related to safety and monitoring is provided. The CANMAT and ISBD groups hope that these guidelines become a valuable tool for practitioners across the globe.

Bering (2006) put forward the claim that the deceased are viewed as authoritative moral figures, and Bering, MacLeod, and Shackelford (2005) present evidence supporting this. We extend Bering's conjecture through a within-subjects quasi-experimental study testing the possibility that person perception regarding personality traits might shift in a context where (a) the target is someone known personally, and (b) the target happens to be deceased. One-hundred ten undergraduate students in Manila were asked to rate the Big Five traits of two older adult individuals known to them personally, one of whom must be alive, and the other deceased. Using multilevel modeling, we found that decedent targets on average were rated with higher Extraversion and Agreeableness scores compared to living targets, and that this held even when controlling for relational closeness and other possible covariates. Additionally, relational closeness was associated with higher ratings for all traits regardless of whether they were alive or not, indicating the possibility of a halo effect. Accepted version

OBJECTIVE There is a bidirectional relationship between obesity and mood disorders, with each increasing the risk of developing the other. This relationship suggests that they have overlapping pathophysiologic mechanisms. Adipose tissue-derived hormones, or adipokines, regulate appetite and metabolism and have activity in limbic brain regions, making them potential shared etiologic factors between elevated body mass index (BMI) and mood disorders. However, the precise relationships between BMI, mood, and adipokines are unknown. METHODS We measured the serum levels of adiponectin, lipocalin-2, resistin, adipsin, and leptin in 53 people with early-stage DSM-IV-defined bipolar disorder, diagnosed with the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview, and 22 healthy comparison subjects. Participants were followed at the University of British Columbia Mood Disorders Centre between June 2004 and June 2012. We were primarily interested in determining, in patients, (1) whether BMI and recent mood episodes predicted adipokine levels and (2) whether adipokine levels in turn predicted subsequent mood relapses and change in BMI. RESULTS Using linear regression, we found that (1) past-6-month mood episodes predicted lower adiponectin (β = -0.385, P = .04) and adipsin (β = -0.376, P = .03) levels and higher lipocalin-2 levels (β = 0.411, P = .03), (2) BMI did not predict adipokine levels, and (3) treatment with second-generation antipsychotics was associated with higher resistin levels (β = 0.482, P < .01). Furthermore, lower adiponectin (β = -0.353, P = .01) and leptin (β = -0.332, P = .02) levels predicted depressive relapse over 12 months, while higher adipsin (β = 0.496, P < .01) and leptin (β = 0.421, P < .01) levels predicted BMI gain. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that mood episodes and medication treatment contribute to adipokine abnormalities in bipolar disorder and that adipokines influence psychiatric illness course and BMI change. Adipokines may represent a novel pathophysiologic mechanism linking elevated BMI and mood disorders and deserve further study as potential mood-regulating molecules.