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Hong Su,1 Xin Song,1 Juan Li,2 Muhammad Zubair Iqbal,2 Samuel Selorm Fiati Kenston,1 Zhen Li,1 Aiguo Wu,2 Min Ding,3 Jinshun Zhao1 1Department of Preventative Medicine, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Medicine School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315211, People’s Republic of China; 2Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Key Laboratory of Additive Manufacturing Materials of Zhejiang Province, Division of Functional Materials and Nanodevices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315201, People’s Republic of China; 3Toxicology and Molecular Biology Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV, 26505, USA Introduction: Newly synthesized Janus-structured Fe3O4-TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) appear to be a promising candidate for the diagnosis and therapy of cancer. Although the toxicity of individual Fe3O4 or TiO2 NPs has been studied extensively, the toxicity of Janus Fe3O4-TiO2 NPs is not clear. Methods: In this study, the biosafety of both Janus Fe3O4-TiO2 NPs (20–25 nm) and the maternal material TiO2 NPs (7–10 nm) were evaluated in Sprague Dawley rats after one intravenous injection into the tail vein. Healthy rats were randomly divided into one control group and six experimental groups. Thirty days after treatment, rats were killed, then blood and tissue samples were collected for hematological, biochemical, element-content, histopathological, and Western blot analysis. Results: The results show that only a slight Ti element accumulation in the heart, spleen, and liver could be found in the Janus Fe3O4-TiO2 NP groups (P>0.05 compared with control). However, significant Ti element accumulation in the spleen, lungs, and liver was found in the TiO2 NP-treated rats. Both Fe3O4-TiO2 NPs and TiO2 NPs could induce certain histopathological abnormalities. Western blot analysis showed that both NPs could induce certain apoptotic or inflammatory-related molecular protein upregulation in rat livers. A certain degree of alterations in liver function and electrolyte and lipid parameters was also observed in rats treated with both materials. However, compared to Janus structure Fe3O4-TiO2 NP-treated groups, TiO2 NPs at 30 mg/kg showed more severe adverse effects. Conclusion: Our results showed that under a low dose (5 mg/kg), both NP types had no significant toxicity in rats. Janus NPs certainly seem less toxic than TiO2 NPs in rats at 30 mg/kg. To ensure safe use of these newly developed Janus NPs in cancer diagnosis and therapy, further animal studies are needed to evaluate long-term bioeffects. Keywords: Fe3O4-TiO2 NPs, Janus structure NPs, TiO2 NPs, accumulation, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, ICP-MS, biodistribution, nanomedicine

This document pertains to the case study of Major Depression. The subject of the disorder was Mrs. RJ (Initial instead of real name), 43 years old housewife and mother of four children. She visited my clinic along with her husband who informed that she feels burden on shoulder and at the back of her head most of time, feel weakness, facing lack of concentration on her daily work, disturbance with loud voices of anyone specially loud voice of males, shivering of body without any reason. He also informed about her weak memory, negative dreaming which disturb her sleep, fidgety and restless most of the time, aggressive behaviour and sometime weeping and shouting without any reason. Before visiting my clinic she visited some psychiatrists for treatment because she had become very aggressive and started to throw things and whatever was in her physical approach. One of those psychiatrists recommended ECT for treatment but ECT only affected her memory badly. Assessment made after taking semi-structured interviews from Mrs. RJ and her husband. In light of assessment and DSM-IV, Mrs. RJ was diagnosed by Major Depression Disorder.

Ms. Sk was young lady of 25 year a university student contacted to the therapist through Facebook and got appointment. She was in the company with her close friend when visited the clinic first time and was nervous and perplexed at this occasion, even did not confide therapist for a private sitting. She complained sleeplessness, aggression and strong feelings of dirtiness most of time and feared that CIA would arrest her. On noticing someone staring her she always got startled, and informed in the presence of her friend that she has been under treatment from different psychiatrists for last seven years. She was regularly taking the Cipralex and Lexotanil (anti-depressant). During the treatment as cited above she had been visiting different female clinical psychologists. She was treated by the methods of cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) and counseling but all in vain.

In the present study, we attempted to determine the effects of cement dust on the adaptations of plants growing in polluted area and to compare it with a leeward site (control) of the cement factory that was unpolluted. The emphasis was also given to observe the effects of cement dust on the soil characteristics of the factory area. The introduction of cement dust from a cement factory produced negative effects on the morphological traits of both plant species (Atriplex griffithii and Prosopis juliflora) growing at the polluted as compared to unpolluted area. Low seedling height and plant circumference for A. griffithii andi were observed at the polluted site of the cement factory. A. griffithii showed significant reduction in leaf area growing at the polluted site as compared to control site. Similarly, a significant (p

The reliability of the production and presence of disease resistance especially rust has sparked a renewed interest in improving landraces and exploiting these in wheat variety development programs. In vitro culture is a pre-requisite for most of the tools of biotechnology. In this context, three Pakistani wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) land races viz., LLR-13, LLR-15 and LLR-16, having leaf rust resistance were assessed for in vitro plant regeneration response. Immature embryos were cultured on Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with 2, 4, 6 and 8 mg/L of 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) for callogenesis and MS + zeatin riboside (1.0 mg/L) medium for regeneration of these calli. All three land races produced callus on all 2,4-D concentrations; higher doses (8 mg/L) being the most effective for callus fresh weight. However, there was a strong carry over effect of 2,4-D on regeneration capacity. Calli induced at 2 mg/L of 2,4-D showed the highest regeneration frequency for LLR-16, LLR-13 and calli of LLR-15 induced on 4mg/L were more regenerative. Overall, LLR-16 produced the maximum regenerants. Rooted plantlets were transferred to glasshouse for further evaluation. Key words: Leaf rust, immature embryos, wheat land races, regeneration, Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium.

Indirect selection is a useful means for improving yield in cotton crop. The objective of the present study was to determine the genetic variability, broad sense heritability, genetic advance and correlation among the six seedling traits and their direct and indirect effects on cotton yield by using path coefficient analysis. Thirty cotton genotypes were studied in green house using randomized complete block design with 3 replications at Cotton Research Station Multan, Pakistan. The genotypes exhibited a wide range of variability for all the traits except shoot length. Moderate to high heritability estimates were found for all traits. All the seedling traits showed positive and significant correlation with cotton yield both at genotypic and phenotypic level. Path coefficient analysis showed that root length had the highest and positive direct effect on cotton yield. Positive direct effects were produced by shoot length, root length, shoot/root length ratio, shoot weight and root weight, while shoot/root weight ratio had negative direct effects. The information obtained from the current studies will be utilized in successful cotton breeding program.Key words: Genetic parameters, seedling traits, selection criteria, cotton.

A 6 × 6 complete diallel analysis was performed to study the inheritance of seedling traits in cotton. Significant differences among genotypes showed the genetic variation and formal analysis predicted the presence of both additive and non-additive genetic variation for inheritance of seedling traits. Further, the estimates of genetic components D, H1 and H2 confirmed the presence of both additive and non-additive genetic effects for all the characteristics. Dominant genes were responsible for theincrease of seedling shoot length, root length, shoot weight and root weight. However, recessive genes were accountable for the increase of shoot root ratio by length and by weight. Seedling shoot length, root length and root weight can be improved through heterosis breeding. The magnitude of broad sense heritability was greater than narrow sense for all the six traits under study hence diminished the scope of selection in the early segregating generation therefore pedigree breeding method is suggested for the improvement of these traits.Key words: Additive dominance model, gene action, Gossypium hirsutum L, heritability, seedling traits.

The response of plant species to different seasons and environmental pollutants is of important interest to researchers. Observations were made on Cassia siamea and Peltophorum pterocarpum plantsgrowing in the polluted and other less polluted areas of Karachi. The phenology of C. siamea and P.pterocarpum was significantly (p

A study was conducted to determine the effect of different concentrations of lead and cadmium on seed germination and seedling growth of Leucaena leucocephala. Seed were grown under laboratory conditions at 25, 50, 75 and 100 ppm of metal ions of lead and cadmium. Both lead and cadmium treatments showed toxic effectson various growth indices of L. leucocephala. Increasing the concentration of lead to 75 ppm, significantly (p

WOS: 000165557300013, Hydrodistillation of Amomum subulatum, Cinnamomum verum, Coriandrum sativum, Cuminum cyminum, Elettaria cardamomum, Myristica fragrans (Mace), and Myristica fragrans (Nutmeg) purchased from local markets yielded essential oils which contained 1,8-cineole (72.7%), cinnamaldehyde (79.8%), linalool (78.1%), cuminaldehyde (37.4%), 1,8-cineole (30.7%) terpinen-4-ol (20.0% and 31.3%). respectively as main constituents analyzed by GC/MS. Antifungal activity of the resulting essential oils against various pathogenic fungi (Aspergillus flavus, A. niger, Candida albicans, Fusarium oxysporum var. lycopersici, Microsporum canis, Pseudallescheria boydii. Trichophyton mentagrophytes, T. simii) was investigated.