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Lokasi penelitian berada di daerah Binungan kawasan PT. Berau Coal yang mencakup area ±32 km2, yang secara administratif termasuk dalam wilayah Desa Binungan, Kecamatan Sambaliung, Kabupaten Berau, Provinsi Kalimantan Timur. Secara fisiografis daerah telitian termasuk dalam Sub-Cekungan Berau dari Cekungan Tarakan. Stratigrafi daerah penelitian dari tua ke muda adalah Satuan Batupasir, Satuan Batupasir-Batulempung, Satuan Batupasir Konglomeratan yang berumur Miosen Tengah sampai Miosen Akhir dan Satuan Endapan Alluvial yang berumur Resen. Struktur geologi yang berkembang didaerah penelitan yaitu sesar turun dan sesar geser kiri yang diinterpretasikan dari korelasi bawah permukaan. Korelasi lapisan batubara dilakukan dari karakteristik fisik masing-masing lapisan batubara berdasarkan data e-log dengan menggunakan gamma ray, long density dan short density. Jumlah lapisan batubara yang berada di daerah Binungan ialah sebanyak 43 lapisan dengan 23 lapisan batubara yang menerus dan 20 lapisan batubara yang tidak menerus. Sumberdaya terukur batubara pada daerah penelitian yaitu sebesar 644.612.826,99 ton dan sumberdaya tertunjuk yaitu 1.592.733.025,26 ton, dengan persyaratan batas minimal ketebalan lapisan batubara yang dihitung menurut Standar Nasional Indonesia ialah 0,40 meter. Kata kunci: batubara, korelasi, sumberdaya, Binungan

Zona argilik pada terowongan tambang bawah tanah Ciurug level 600 memerlukan penanganan dan perhatian khusus pada perkuatan terowongan. Hal ini perlu dilakukan karena zona argilik tersebut secara umum membuat massa batuan disekitar penambangan menjadi lemah. Zona argilik tersebut dapat diidentifikasi secara langsung pada bukaan terowongan atau dari hasil inti pemboran bawah permukaan. Argilitisasi yang terjadi pada bukaan XC 662 dan XC 6-1a memiliki karakteristik yang berbeda, baik secara persebarannya maupun jenis kehadiran mineral lempungnya. Zona argilik yang hadir pada bukaan XC 662 menunjukan distribusi yang terkonsentrasi di sekitar urat kuarsa, sedangkan pada bukaan XC 6-1a distribusinya lebih merata, sehingga melemahkan hampir di seluruh bagian bukaan terowongan. Karakteristik mineral lempung pada zona argilik di kedua bukaan terowongan diuji menggunakan beberapa pengujian salah satunya adalah uji batas Atterberg. Hasil uji batas Atterberg menunjukan bahwa Indeks Plastisitas (IP) dari mineral lempung pada zona argilik berkisar antara 17,64 – 33,33 dan nilai aktivitas yang berkisar antara 1,1 – 1,6. Nilai tersebut dipengaruhi oleh mineral lempung berupa kaolinit, vermiculite, smektit, dan halloysite. Kata kunci: Zona argilik, karakteristik, batas Atterberg, nilai aktivitas

Lake Towuti is located on central Sulawesi/Indonesia, within the Indo Pacific Warm Pool, a globally important region for atmospheric heat and moisture budgets. In 2015 the Towuti Drilling Project recovered more than 1000 m of drill core from the lake, along with downhole geophysical logging data from two drilling sites. The cores constitute the longest continuous lacustrine sediment succession from the Indo Pacific Warm Pool. We combined lithological descriptions with borehole logging data and used multivariate statistics to better understand the cyclic sequence, paleoenvironments, and geochronology of these sediments. Accurate chronologies are crucial to analyze and interpret paleoclimate records. Astronomical tuning can help build age-depth models and fill gaps between age control points. Cyclostratigraphic investigations were conducted on a downhole magnetic susceptibility log from the lacustrine facies (10–98 m below lake floor) from a continuous record of sediments in Lake Towuti. This study provides insights into the sedimentary history of the basin between radiometric ages derived from dating a tephra layer (~ 797 ka) and C14-ages (~ 45 ka) in the cores. We derived an age model that spans from late marine isotope stage (MIS) 23 to late MIS 6 (903 ± 11 to 131 ± 67 ka). Although uncertainties caused by the relatively short record and the small differences in the physical properties of sediments limited the efficacy of our approach, we suggest that eccentricity cycles and/or global glacial-interglacial climate variability were the main drivers of local variations in hydroclimate in central Indonesia. We generated the first nearly complete age-depth model for the lacustrine facies of Lake Towuti and examined the potential of geophysical downhole logging for time estimation and lithological description. Future lake drilling projects will benefit from this approach, since logging data are available just after the drilling campaign, whereas core descriptions, though more resolved, only become available months to years later., Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DE), Projekt DEAL

International audience; It is sometimes desirable to delve further into how the inputs affect the output in design optimization and uncertainty analysis. Surrogate models such as Gaussian Process Regression and support vector regression are useful for such tasks and can be further enhanced by introducing advanced post-processing methods. This paper investigates Shapley Additive Explanation (SHAP) as a tool to aid surrogate-assisted data-driven analysis. In particular, surrogate-enabled SHAP analysis allows visualization of the input-output relationship in a meaningful way using summary SHAP plots and SHAP dependence plots. Some importantinformation that can be extracted and visualized from SHAP includes the importance of input variables (i.e., global sensitivity analysis), nonlinearity level, and level of interactions. The benefits of Shapley values for engineering analysis using surrogate models are demonstrated in three engineering test problems.

International audience; Many engineering problems are governed by complex governing equations that are difficult and typically require high computational costs to solve. Machine learning and surrogate modelling aid such an endeavour by providing a cheap-to-evaluate prediction model that acts as a replacement of the original model. While most research focuses on predicting scalar values (e.g., lift and drag), predicting the solution field is also of interest in many practical engineering and scientific applications. This paper proposes a Physics-Informed Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD) technique that improves the solution field prediction by enforcing governing equations as a loss penalty. The proposed idea utilizes a reduced-order modeling technique based on POD to decompose solution snapshots into singular vectors and values. A Gaussian Process Regression is then utilized to predict the singular values from variable parameters. The predicted singular values from the data of the problem are then adjusted via optimization to minimize the physics-informed loss and achieve better prediction. In this paper, we illustrate the efficacy of the proposed method on simple two-dimensional partial differential equations. The result clearly shows that the proposed physics-informed POD outperforms the conventional POD in terms of approximation error.

3D Porous electrodes show excellent performance in industrial electrochemical engineering. Such electrodes perform better than planar electrodes in terms of their greater surface area, higher volumetric porosity, turbulence promotion of electrolyte and reasonable mass transfer rates. This paper considers the mass transfer studies of the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) during the cathodic generation of H2O2 at carbon felt (CF) electrodes in a divided parallel plate electrochemical flow reactor. The volumetric mass transport coefficient obtained from voltammetric limiting current measurements increased at higher mean linear flow velocities in the rectangular channel of a parallel plate flow reactor. The cathodic compartment of the reactor has an equivalent diameter of 0.96 cm and it is separated from the anodic compartment by a cationic Nafion 115 membrane. A volumetric mass transfer coefficient (kmAe) of 0.74 s−1 was achieved at a mean linear flow velocity of 2.2 cm/s. Optimal conditions for H2O2 generation resulted in 95% Faradaic current efficiency and allowed up to 99% decolourisation of an organic RB-5 dye by electro Fenton oxidation.

International audience; The effects of composite fabrication, such as pre-curing, curing temperature, and cooling rate, were studied. In this work, the pre-curing was defined as heat treatment of Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes (MWNCTs) with Diglycidyl Ether of Bisphenol A (DGEBA) epoxy resin. Acid purified MWCNTs were characterized by Raman spectroscopy and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The pre-curing facilitated bonding between MWCNTs and epoxy via the oxirane ring of DGEBA, which accelerated the curing process of epoxy and increased mechanical properties. The elevated curing temperature on the pre-cured sample further improved the composite’s mechanical properties by increasing interfacial bonding due to cross-linking. The rapid cooling using liquid nitrogen during pre-curing treatment prevented re-agglomeration of MWCNTs, showing smaller agglomerates and improving the mechanical properties. Agglomeration was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, while the bonding between MWCNTs and epoxy was examined by the length of fibre pull-out on the fracture surface. Tensile testing was deployed for mechanical properties characterization. The degree of cure was determined by FTIR and Differential Thermal Analysis (DTA).

Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-25T12:21:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2020-12-01 Faculty of Engineering and the Environment at the University of Southampton Bestway Foundation, UK European Commission Hierarchical PbO(2)nanoparticles (NPs) were grown by hydrothermal method on TiO(2)nanotubes (NTs) at 3D titanium felt, which is simple and scalable method. TiO2NTs were formed on titanium felt by anodising at 25 degrees C in environmentally friendly methanesulphonic acid solution. The growth of PbO(2)on the TiO2NTs depended on immersion time during hydrothermal synthesis and followed a LaMer-Dinegar burst kinetic model of nucleation and growth. PbO(2)formation began with rapid nucleation, followed by mesoscale assembly due to organic capping of poly(vinylpyrrolidinone). The electrochemical performance of 3D electrode was recorded in pH 3 sodium sulphate solutions containing Reactive Black 5 (RB-5) azo dye at 25 degrees C. The resulting hierarchical 3D electrode achieved 98% decolourisation after 50 min of anodic oxidation with a first order batch decay rate of 0.0875 min(-1). Bina Nusantara Univ, Fac Engn, Dept Ind Engn, Jakarta 11480, Indonesia Univ Southampton, Energy Technol Res Grp, Fac Engn & Phys Sci, Southampton SO17 1BJ, Hants, England Sao Paulo State Univ, Natl Inst Alternat Technol Detect Toxicol Evaluat, Inst Chem, BR-14800900 Araraquara, SP, Brazil Inst Teknol Bandung, Engn Phys, Adv Funct Mat AFM Lab, Bandung 40132, Indonesia Inst Teknol Bandung, Res Ctr Nanosci & Nanotechnol RCNN, Bandung 40132, Indonesia Sao Paulo State Univ, Natl Inst Alternat Technol Detect Toxicol Evaluat, Inst Chem, BR-14800900 Araraquara, SP, Brazil Bestway Foundation, UK: 297178

Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-25T12:19:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2020-09-01 Bestway Foundation, UK European Commission Project H2020 CO2EXIDE This work shows that metallic zinc can be used as a low-cost substrate or electrode for photocatalyst and electrocatalyst use by anodising in mild bicarbonate solution. Electrochemical anodising was used to produce ZnO nanowires by controlling operational conditions and dip-coating the anodised surface with TiO2 to produce a core-shell coating with photocatalytic properties. The PbO2, which is known as good electrocatalyst, was electrodeposited over the ZnO-TiO2 core-shell structure to alter its surface for electrocatalytic degradation of dye. The electrochemical and photocatalytic behaviours of the coatings were analysed for the removal of RB-5 dye as model pollutant. For the ZnO-TiO2 core-shell, the photocatalytic removal mechanism was driven by the heterojunction photocatalytic effect of photocatalytically active anatase TiO2 and wurtzite ZnO. Photocatalysis was switched to electrocatalytic behaviour after incorporation of PbO2. Although the UV light might be blocked by PbO2, the electrochemical degradation was enhanced due to the creation ofOH free radicals over the PbO2 particles decorating a ZnO-TiO2 core-shell composite coating. Ton Duc Thang Univ, Dept Management Sci & Technol Dev, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam Ton Duc Thang Univ, Fac Sci Appl, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam Univ Southampton, Fac Engn & Phys Sci, Energy Technol Res Grp, Southampton SO17 1BJ, Hants, England Sao Paulo State Univ, Natl Inst Alternat Technol Detect, Toxicol Evaluat & Removal Micropollutants & Radio, Inst Chem, BR-14800900 Araraquara, SP, Brazil Institut Teknol Bandung, AFM Lab, Engn Phys, Bandung 40132, Indonesia Institut Teknol Bandung, RCNN, Bandung 40132, Indonesia Sao Paulo State Univ, Natl Inst Alternat Technol Detect, Toxicol Evaluat & Removal Micropollutants & Radio, Inst Chem, BR-14800900 Araraquara, SP, Brazil Bestway Foundation, UK: 297178

This study investigates the removal of Pb(II) using polymer matrix membranes, cellulose acetate/vinyl triethoxysilane modified graphene oxide and gum Arabic (GuA) membranes. These complexation-NF membranes were successfully synthesized via dissolution casting method for better transport phenomenon. The varied concentrations of GuA were induced in the polymer matrix membrane. The prepared membranes M-GuA2–M-GuA10 were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, atomic force microscope and bio-fouling studies. Thermal stability of the membranes was determined by thermogravimetric analysis under nitrogen atmosphere. Dead end nanofiltration was carried out to study the perm- selectivity of all the membranes under varied pressure and concentration of Pb(NO3)2. The complexation-NF membrane performances were significantly improved after the addition of GuA in the polymer matrix membrane system. M-GuA8 membrane showed optimum result of permeation flux 8.6 l m−2 h−1. Rejection of Pb(II) ions was observed to be around 97.6% at pH 9 for all the membranes due to electrostatic interaction between CA and Gum Arabic. Moreover, with the passage of time, the rate of adsorption was also increased up to 15.7 mg g−1 until steady state was attained. Gum Arabic modified CA membranes can open up new possibilities in enhancing the permeability, hydrophilicity and anti-fouling properties.

Pleistocene climatic fluctuations (PCF) are frequently highlighted as important evolutionary engines that triggered cycles of biome expansion and contraction. Although there is ample evidence of the impact of PCF on biodiversity of continental biomes, the consequences in insular systems depend on the geology of the islands and the ecology of the taxa inhabiting them. The idiosyncratic aspects of insular systems are exemplified by the islands of the Sunda Shelf in Southeast Asia (Sundaland), where PCF-induced eustatic fluctuations had complex interactions with the geology of the region, resulting in high species diversity and endemism. Emergent land in Southeast Asia varied drastically with sea-level fluctuations during the Pleistocene. Climate-induced fluctuations in sea level caused temporary connections between insular and continental biodiversity hotspots in Southeast Asia. These exposed lands likely had freshwater drainage systems that extended between modern islands: the Paleoriver Hypothesis. Built upon the assumption that aquatic organisms are among the most suitable models to trace ancient river boundaries and fluctuations of landmass coverage, the present study aims to examine the evolutionary consequences of PCF on the dispersal of freshwater biodiversity in Southeast Asia. Time-calibrated phylogenies of DNA-delimited species were inferred for six species-rich freshwater fish genera in Southeast Asia (Clarias, Channa, Glyptothorax, Hemirhamphodon, Dermogenys, Nomorhamphus). The results highlight rampant cryptic diversity and the temporal localization of most speciation events during the Pleistocene, with 88% of speciation events occurring during this period. Diversification analyses indicate that sea-level-dependent diversification models poorly account for species proliferation patterns for all clades excepting Channa. Ancestral area estimations point to Borneo as the most likely origin for most lineages, with two waves of dispersal to Sumatra and Java during the last 5 myr. Speciation events are more frequently associated with boundaries of the paleoriver watersheds, with 60%, than islands boundaries, with 40%. In total, one-third of speciation events are inferred to have occurred within paleorivers on a single island, suggesting that habitat heterogeneity and factors other than allopatry between islands substantially affected diversification of Sundaland fishes. Our results suggest that species proliferation in Sundaland is not wholly reliant on Pleistocene sea-level fluctuations isolating populations on different islands. [Dispersal; diversification; eustatic fluctuations; freshwater fishes; insular systems; Milankovitch cycles; paleoenvironments; vicariance.]

The polymer of intrinsic microporosity PIM-1 is employed to disperse and deposit a Pt@titanate nanosheet photocatalyst film. The resulting microporous films allow electrolyte and oxygen permeation to give conventional oxygen reduction voltammetric responses on glassy carbon or on platinum disk electrodes in the dark. Preliminary data are presented showing that with pulsed light from a blue LED (385 nm) oxygen reduction at the electrode is effectively “switched off”. A mechanism is tentatively assigned as photocatalytic depletion of oxygen near the electrode. Photoelectrochemical current responses are observed in aqueous NaOH, NaCl, Na2HPO4 and shown to be light intensity and oxygen concentration dependent. Electroanalytical applications are suggested.

International audience; The future of fuel cells that convert the chemical energy to electricity relies mostly on the efficiency of oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) due to its sluggish kinetics. By 2effectively bypassing the use of organic surfactants, post-synthesis steps for the immobilization onto electrodes, the catalytic inks preparation using binders, and the common problem ofnanoparticles detachment from supports involved in traditional methodologies, we demonstrate a versatile electrodeposition method for growing anisotropic microstructures directly onto a threedimensional (3D) carbon felt electrode, using platinum nanoparticles as elementary building blocks. The as-synthesized materials were extensively characterized by integrating methods of physical (TGA, XRD, SEM, ICP, XPS) and electroanalytical (voltammetry, EIS) chemistry to examine the intricate relationship of material-to-performance and select the best-performing electrocatalyst to be applied in the model reaction of ORR for its practical integration into a microbial fuel cell (MFC). A tightly optimized procedure enables decorating an electrochemically activated carbon felt electrode by 40-60 nm ultrathin 3D-interconnected platinum nanoarrays leading to a hierarchical framework of ca. 500 nm. Half-cell reactions reveal that the highly rough metallic surface exhibits improved activity and stability towards ORR (Eonset ~1.1 V vs. RHE, p(HO2‒) < 0.1%) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER, -10 mA cm−2 for only 75 mV overpotential). Owing to its unique features, the developed material showed distinguished performance as an air-breathing cathode in a garden compost MCF exhibiting better current and faster power generation than its equivalent classical double chamber. The enhanced performance of the material obtained herein is explained by the absence of any organic surfactant on the surface of the nanoarrays, the good metal-support interaction, the particular morphology of the nanoarrays, and the reduced aggregation/detachment of particles. It promises a radical improvement in current surface reactions and paves a new way towards electrodes with regulated surface roughness allowing for their successful application in heterogeneous catalysis

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International audience; This study aims to provide a baseline report of the apportionment of stranded plastic debris (macro) in Bintan Island beaches. Their quantity and composition were assessed during a 45-day survey demonstrating the occurrence of the 3378 plastic fragments, which were, in decreasing order, constituted by LDPE (22.9%), PS (19.5%), PP (16.6%), PET (10.4%), HDPE (9.2%), PVC (7.2%), PU (4.9%), polyester (4.7%), polyamide (4.3%), and styrene/butadiene (0.3%). The abundance ranged from 1.2 to 4.7 items/m2. Additional apportionment ranged from 0.03 to 0.15 items/m2 per day with an arithmetic mean of 0.09 ± 0.05 items/m2 per day, mainly related to domestic waste influenced by hydrodynamic action such as longshore current and wind dynamics. Furthermore, we suggested mitigation measures focused on local action to address the plastic debris problem in Bintan beaches, which are typical of the coasts of small islands in Indonesia.

The development of smart polymer materials is reviewed and illustrated. Important examples of these polymers include conducting polymers, ionic gels, stimulus-response be used polymers, liquid crystalline polymers and piezoelectric materials, which have desirable properties for use in wearable sensors. This review outlines the mode of action in these types of smart polymers systems for utilisation as wearable sensors. Categories of wearable sensors are considered as tattoo-like designs, patch-like, textile-based, and contact lens-based sensors. The advantages and disadvantages of each sensor types are considered together with information on the typical performance. The research gap linking smart polymer materials to wearable sensors with integrated power systems is highlighted. Smart polymer systems may be used as part of a holistic approach to improve wearable devices and accelerate the integration of wearable sensors and power systems, particularly in health care.

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International audience; This study investigated the use of a mixture of n-hexane and methanol as a binary solvent for the direct oil extraction and resin separation from Calophyllum seeds, in a single step. Optimal oil and resin yields and physicochemical properties were determined by identifying the best extraction conditions. The solvent mixture tested extracted oil and resin effectively from Calophyllum seeds, and separated resin from oil. Extraction conditions affected oil and resin yields and their physicochemical properties, with the n-hexane-to-methanol ratio being the most critical factor. Oil yield improved as n-hexane-to-methanol ratio increased from 0.5:1 to 2:1, and resin yield increased as methanol-to-n-hexane ratio increased from 0.5:1 to 2:1. Physicochemical properties of oil and resin, particularly for acid value and impurity content, improved as the n-hexane-to-methanol ratio decreased from 2:1 to 0.5:1. The best oil (51% with more than 95% triglycerides) and resin (18% with more than 5% polyphenols) yields were obtained with n-hexane-to-methanol ratios of 2:1 and 0.5:1, respectively, at a temperature of 50 °C, with an extraction time of 5 h. The best values for physicochemical property of oil were a density of 0.885 g/cm3, a viscosity of 26.0 mPa.s, an acid value of 13 mg KOH/g, an iodine value of 127 g/100 g, an unsaponifiable content of 1.5%, a moisture content of 0.8% and an ash content of 0.04%.

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International audience; Bacterial cellulose (BC) is a unique biomaterial with interesting physico-chemical properties and potential technological applications (i.e. removal of heavy metals from wastewater, manufacturing electrical and electronic devices, papermaking and biomedical technologies among others). In this work, we describe the growth of well formed micro-crystals of the one-dimensional spin crossover (SCO) compound [Fe(Htrz)(2)(trz)](BF4)(n) in a matrix of BC. The thermal dependence of the magnetic, optical, calorimetric and vibrational properties associated with the SCO properties of the resulting composite material have been investigated and compare well with those of the bulk SCO. The SCO-BC composite films display reversible thermomagnetic (diamagnetic paramagnetic) and thermochromic bistability (purple pale-yellow) determined by a well-defined hysteresis in the temperature range ca. 345-380 K where these properties depend on the history of the sample (memory effect).

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International audience; This study investigated biodiesel production from jatropha seeds in a single step, i.e. by simultaneous solvent extraction and transesterification of jatropha oil, and possibility to transform the obtained cakes into binderless particleboards. n-Hexane was used as extracting solvent. The best operating conditions were identified to obtain optimal biodiesel yield and quality, and optimal physical and mechanical properties for binderless particleboards. Biodiesel yield was usually influenced by operating conditions, and the influences of both n-hexane to seed and methanol to oil ratios were most significant. An increase in n-hexane to seed ratio (from 1:1 to 3:1) combined with the decrease in methanol to oil ratio (from 13.3:1 to 8.0:1) led to an improvement in biodiesel yield. The best biodiesel yield (92% with a fatty acid methyl ester purity >98%) was obtained from 2:1 n-hexane to seed ratio, 10.6:1 methanol to oil ratio, 200–600 rpm stirring speed, 50 °C temperature and 6 h reaction time. Operating conditions had no significant effect on the biodiesel quality, except the n-hexane to seed ratio. Moreover, cohesive particleboards were produced from the obtained cakes, proteins and fibers acting respectively as binder and reinforcing fillers. An increase in the cake moisture content significantly improved the particleboard properties. The most promising binderless particleboard was manufactured from cake B under 20% cake moisture content and 160 °C pressing temperature. Its properties were 0.87 g/cm3 density, 8.4% moisture content, 7.2 MPa modulus of rupture, 10.4 GPa modulus of elasticity, 0.14 MPa internal bonding strength, 52% water absorption and 20% thickness swelling after 24 h immersion in water.

Metode absorpsi merupakan metode yang banyak digunakan dalam pemurnian gas alam dari senyawa pengasamnya. Unit pemisahan senyawa sulfur pada PT BCD dirancang untuk menurunkan konsentrasi H2S pada gas alam dari 9957 ppm menjadi kurang dari 10 ppm dengan laju alir gas umpan pada rated condition adalah 327,7 MMSCFD. Keseluruhan sistem pengolahan gas didesain dengan turndown ratio 40%. Karena alasan operasi, laju alir gas umpan perlu diturunkan hingga 20% kapasitas desain (65,54 MMSCFD). Analisis dilakukan untuk mengetahui perilaku hidrodinamik kolom absorber dan sistem pendukungnya pada pengoperasian di 20% kapasitas desain. Simulasi dilakukan menggunakan perangkat lunak ASPEN HYSYS V11 untuk mengetahui parameter operasi kolom absorber dan kondisi untuk mendukung pengoperasian di 20% kapasitas desain. Dengan desain operasi peralatan saat ini, weeping terjadi pada laju alir gas umpan 28% desain (91,59 MMSCFD). Pada laju alir gas umpan 28% desain, wash water pump sudah mencapai kapasitas minimum, yaitu 78 gpm. Semakin kecil laju alir gas umpan, maka laju sirkulasi wash water perlu dikurangi untuk menghindari weeping. Untuk dapat beroperasi di gas umpan 20% desain, kapasitas wash water pump perlu diturunkan hingga 25 gpm.

Tasikmalaya City is a city that continues to grow and develop, both physically and in the behavior of its people. The pattern of distribution of housing is one of the parameters in social life. Social interaction in each housing is formed by the closeness of the space between houses, so that the pattern of housing distribution allows for differences in social conditions. The purpose of this study is to analyze the social condition factor on the influence of housing distribution patterns in the City of Tasikmalaya. This study uses the method of multiple regression statistics with research variables, namely housing distribution patterns, population growth, population density, the ratio of accessibility support facilities, the ratio of health facilities, the ratio of educational facilities and the ratio of economic facilities. Based on the results of social conditions have an influence on the pattern of housing distribution. This study has a multiple regression coefficient between several variables, namely 0.744, which means that there is a correlation between all variables X simultaneously with variable Y. The threshold value of the coefficient is 0.5 so that if it is more than that, it has a strong correlation. A strong correlation is related to social condition variables, namely population, population density, accessibility, health facilities, educational facilities and economic facilities.

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Banana (Musa spp.) is one of the most widely consumed fruits in the world. Unfortunately, the plants are at risk from many disease problems, which mainly derive from microorganism. It is a little known about the relationship between disease‐inducing microorganisms and plants, particularly at the molecular level. This research aimed to characterize long non‐coding RNA (lncRNA) from bananas that may have roles in regulating gene expression related to the disease response mechanism in banana derived from transcriptomic libraries. Furthermore, the detected transcripts were analyzed to identify the endogenous target mimics (eTMs) interaction between lncRNA and microRNA (miRNA) using computational approaches. Data from Cavendish banana (AAA group), Berangan (AAA group), Yunnan Banana (Itinerans), Dajiao (ABB group), and Klutuk (BB group) were used in this research. We found that lncRNA tends to be unsustainable, and most sizes are below 1000 bp (≥ 75%). Based on this result, we investigated the eTMs to determine lncRNA transcripts and miRNA, such as miR397 in Cavendish and miR444 in Klutuk. This transcript would be regulated following exposure to extreme temperatures and disease, indicating the possibility of disease‐specific interaction between bananas and their environment at the molecular level.

Aspect detection systems for online reviews, especially based on unsupervised models, are considered better strategically to process online reviews, generally a very large collection of unstructured data. Aspect embedding-based deep learning models are designed for this problem however they still rely on redundant word embedding and they are sensitive to initialization which may have a significant impact on model performance. In this research, a pruning approach is used to reduce the redundancy of deep learning model connections and is expected to produce a model with similar or better performance. This research includes several experiments and comparisons of the results of pruning the model network weights based on the general neural network pruning strategy and the lottery ticket hypothesis. The result of this research is that pruning of the unsupervised aspect detection model, in general, can produce smaller submodels with similar performance even with a significant amount of weights pruned. Our sparse model with 80% of its total weight pruned has a similar performance to the original model. Our current pruning implementation, however, has not been able to produce sparse models with better performance.

Fenomena membagikan foto dan narasi tentang rumah tinggal di media sosial muncul di tengah perkembangan teknologi dan informasi yang pesat. Hal tersebut mengubah sifat rumah yang semula privat menjadi lebih terekspos secara publik. Kondisi kontradiksi terlihat bahwa orang cenderung mempublikasi rumah pada media sosial, sedangkan secara fisik masyarakat yang tinggal di perumahan saat ini lebih memilih tinggal di lingkungan eksklusif yang mempunyai privasi tinggi. Tujuan penelitian ini yakni mengeksplorasi bagaimana karakteristik visual rumah tinggal pribadi ditampilkan di media sosial dan mengidentifikasi batas ruang privasi yang ditampilkan oleh pemilik rumah. Metode yang digunakan yaitu kualitatif melalui analisis konten dengan mengidentifikasi foto dan narasi yang di tampilkan oleh pemilik akun media sosial. Mengidentifikasi foto dan narasi dapat memperlihatkan karakteristik visual dan batas privasi lebih detail yang ditampilkan oleh tiap pemilik akun dan memungkinkan variabel lain dapat terungkap. Hasil analisis karakteristik foto memperlihatkan bahwa konsep privasi rumah tinggal secara fisik tidak berlaku pada ruang digital. Terlihat bahwa pemilik rumah tidak hanya menampilkan zona publik, melainkan zona semi publik, semi privat, privat bahkan zona servis. Hasil analisis karakteristik narasi memperlihatkan adanya upaya perilaku yang dapat dilakukan di dalam rumah sebagai upaya memenuhi kebutuhan aktualisasi diri. Pemilik rumah tetap memiliki kontrol secara penuh terhadap batas privasi terkait informasi apa yang ingin dibagikan dan tidak dibagikan. Manajemen batas privasi juga membantu pemilik rumah memilih identitas seperti apa yang ingin ditampilkan melalui atribut arsitektural dalam rumahnya. Pencarian karakteristik diatas dapat memposisikan peran arsitektur hunian dalam membantu memenuhi kebutuhan pemilik rumah untuk dapat mengaktualisasi diri sesuai perkembangan teknologi.

Presentation held at the WINNER conference that took place from 18-20 October, 2022.

Gedung Siola merupakan salah satu bangunan tua di Kota Surabaya yang memiliki latar belakang sejarah selama beberapa abad silam. Pada awal dibangunnya gedung siola ini pada tahun 1877 dimana Kota Surabaya saat itu sebagai Kota Pelabuhan terbesar kedua di Nusantara. Adanya pelabuhan terbesar ini, Kota Surabaya berkembang sebagai Kota Bisnis. Seorang pemodal asing asal Inggris yaitu Robert Laidlaw (1856-1935), membangun gedung Siola pertama kali pada saat tahun tersebut sebagai pusat perbelanjaan terbesar di Kota Surabaya. Seiring berkembangnya zaman, gedung Siola mengalami pasang surut kejayaannya selama sebagai pusat perdagangan dan beberapa kali gedung Siola bertahan dengan berganti kepemilikan hingga pada tahun 2011 Pemerintah Kota Surabaya menetapkan sebagai bangunan Cagar Budaya. Penetapan sebagai bangunan cagar budaya untuk melestarikan dengan upaya konservasi yang menjaga bangunan tersebut dengan mempertahankan keaslian yang bernilai dengan sejarah bangunan tersebut. gedung Siola juga memiliki sejarah sebagai saksi perjuangan Kota Surabaya selama peristiwa perang pada tahun 1945 sebagai Kota Pahlawan yang penting untuk dijaga sebagai nilai pengetahuan. Pada tahun 2015, untuk melestarikan dan mempertahankan tersebut gedung Siola yang bernilai sejarah oleh Pemerintah Surabaya menjadikan sebagai museum Surabaya dan pusat layanan masyarakat atau disebut Mal Pelayanan Publik. Sehingga tujuan dari penelitian ini bermaksud untuk mengetahui perubahan transformasi yang terjadi dengan ketentuan Pemerintah Kota Surabaya dan faktor-faktor apa saja yang mendukung. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan teori Habraken dengan studi kasus bangunan Gedung Siola. Kata Kunci: Gedung Siola; Transformasi, Konservasi, Sejarah, Habraken

International audience; The objective of this study was to investigate solvent extraction and in situ transesterification in a single step to allow direct production of biodiesel from jatropha seeds. Experiments were conducted using milled jatropha seeds, and n-hexane as extracting solvent. The influence of methanol to seed ratio (2:1-6:1), amount of alkali (KOH) catalyst (0.05-0.1 mol/L in methanol), stirring speed (700-900 rpm), temperature (40-60 °C) and reaction time (3-5 h) was examined to define optimum biodiesel yield and biodiesel quality after water washing and drying. When stirring speed, temperature and reaction time were fixed at 700 rpm, 60 °C and 4 h respectively, highest biodiesel yield (80% with a fatty acid methyl ester purity of 99.9%) and optimum biodiesel quality were obtained with a methanol to seed ratio of 6:1 and 0.075 mol/L KOH in methanol. Subsequently, the influence of stirring speed, temperature and reaction time on biodiesel yield and biodiesel quality was studied, by applying the randomized factorial experimental design with ANOVA (F-test at p = 0.05), and using the optimum values previously found for methanol to seed ratio and KOH catalyst level. Most experimental runs conducted at 50 °C resulted to high biodiesel yields, while stirring speed and reaction time did not give significantly effect. The highest biodiesel yield (87% with a fatty acid methyl ester purity of 99.7%) was obtained with a methanol to seed ratio of 6:1, KOH catalyst of 0.075 mol/L in methanol, a stirring speed of 800 rpm, a temperature of 50 °C, and a reaction time of 5 h. The effects of stirring speed, temperature and reaction time on biodiesel quality were not significant. Most of the biodiesel quality obtained in this study conformed to the Indonesian Biodiesel Standard.

Vegetables have crucial benefits in meeting the needs of food consumption and human nutrition. The demand for hydroponic vegetable commodities continues to increase every year such as vegetable needs in Padang City. The purpose of the study is to see the sustainability status of hydroponic vegetable cultivation in Padang City, West Sumatra supported economic, social, ecological, technical, institutional, and multidimensional dimensions. The information is obtained through multidimensional scaling (MDS. The result showed the sustainability status of the cultivation of hydroponic vegetables in Padang City, West Sumatra based on an overall (multidimensional) analysis features a value of 49,13% which is quite sustainable. The results of every dimensions analysis showed that the economic and institutional dimensions of 51,07% and 42,15% respectively, were quite sustainable. The ecological and technical dimensions have a price of 60,89% and 63,47% respectively. Meanwhile, the social dimensions have all-time low value of 31,02% which is a smaller amount sustainable.

International audience; The cholera toxin B pentamer (CtxB5), which belongs to the AB5 toxin family, is used as a model study for protein assembly. The effect of the pH on the reassembly of the toxin was investigated using immunochemical, electrophoretic and spectroscopic methods. Three pH-dependent steps were identified during the toxin reassembly: (i) acquisition of a fully assembly-competent fold by the CtxB monomer, (ii) association of CtxB monomer into oligomers (iii) acquisition of the native fold by the CtxB pentamer. The results show that CtxB5 and the related heat labile enterotoxin LTB5 have distinct mechanisms of assembly despite sharing high sequence identity (84%) and almost identical atomic structures. The difference can be pinpointed to four histidines which are spread along the protein sequence and may act together. Thus, most of the toxin B amino acids appear negligible for the assembly, raising the possibility that assembly is driven by a small network of amino acids instead of involving all of them.

International audience; This study aims to explore persistent microorganic pollutants (Poly chloro byphneyls (PCBs) and Organochlorine Pesticides (OCPs)) in sediment and mud clams (Polymesoda erosa) in Segara Anakan Lagoon (SAL). In addition, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the mud clams were evaluated their risk consumption and Bioaccumulation factor in sediment. Concentrations of seven PCBs in the sediment were found in the range 0.11 ± 0.05 to 2.63 ± 0.1 μg kg−1 sed dw. OCPs levels were found in the range of 0.2 ± 0.05 and 2.9 ± 0.01 μg kg−1 sed dw. In P. erosa, 16 Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) (USEPA) were found in the range from 103.34 ± 2.01 to 1348.31 ± 18.21 μg kg−1 tissue dry weight (dw), PCBs content was found only in one station at concentration 2.34 ± 1.72 μg kg−1 tissue dw and OCPs content was found in the range 0.87 ± 0.03 to 24.79 ± 1.30 μg kg−1 tissue dw. The disturbance matrices have been evaluated with the appropriate samples according to the extraction yield and yield analysis. Several guidelines evaluate the quality of sediment on PCBs and OCPs (i.e. pp-DDE). The consumption evaluation shows that this mud clam P. erosa has been contaminated of PAHs and not recommended for human consumption. They were potentially as site-specific bioaccumulation in sediment for organic micropollutants which receives from any untreated sewage, industrial waste discharge into the canal system of river of Segara Anakan Lagoon.

International audience; Organic pollutants (PAHs, PCBs, and organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) from sediments and Asian green mussels (Perna viridis) in Jakarta Bay were studied using GC-MS/MS. The PAHs concentration in the sediments ranged from 186.64 to 915.71 µg.kg−1 per sediment dry weight (dw), while the PCBs and the OCPs concentration ranged from 3 to 117 µg.kg−1 and 3 to 17.99 µg.kg−1 per sediment dw, respectively. For the P. viridis, 16 types of PAHs concentration ranged from 591 to 997 µg.kg−1 per dw of mussels, while the OCPs concentration varied from 5 to 6 µg.kg−1 per dw of mussel. The selected PAHs ratios, including Ant/∑178, Fl/∑202, BaAnt/∑228, and IPyr/∑276, potentially showed that the sources of the hydrocarbons in sediments were generally biogenic and terrigenous than for mussels were petroleum source. The concentration of PAHs in mussels was higher than sediments, meanwhile the organic pollutant contains chlorine (PCBs and OCPs) were potentially found in sediments. The reclamation, urban and mangrove areas (stations G and H) in this study found more high risk of than other sampling stations of sediments and mussels. According to the environmental risk assessment parameters (TEL, ERM, and ERL) from the sediment quality guidelines, the stations have various potential ecological risks. P. viridis was shown to be highly contaminated in polluted stations (except station A) that were not recommended for consumption (>200 µg.kg−1 tissue dw).

Rumah layak huni adalah rumah yang memenuhi persyaratan keselamatan bangunan, kecukupan minimum luas bangunan, serta kesehatan penghuni. Di Kabupaten Garut, saat ini masih banyak masyarakat yang rumahnya tidak memenuhi syarat rumah layak huni tersebut, atau biasa disebut dengan memiliki Rumah Tidak Layak Huni (RTLH). Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah menggunakan K-Means Clustering dengan aplikasi R-Program. Terdapat 3 data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu data jumlah kemiskinan tahun 2021, jumlah RTLH tahun 2021, dan data jumlah orang yang terkena stunting tahun 2021 perkecamatan di Kabupaten Garut. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa didapatkan jumlah cluster optimal yaitu 2 cluster, dan kecamatan yang termasuk cluster 2 merupakan kecamatan yang cocok untuk menjadi lokasi prioritas penerima bantuan RTLH. Terdapat 3 kecamatan yang termasuk kedalam cluster 2 tersebut yaitu Kecamatan Bayongbong, Kecamatan Garut Kota dan Kecamatan Malangbong. Penelitian ini dapat dijadikan sebagai salah satu rekomendasi dinas yang berwenang yaitu Dinas Perumahan dan Permukiman (Disperkim) Kabupaten Garut untuk memilih lokasi prioritas penerima bantuan RTLH.

EASTEM is a capacity-building project funded by Erasmus+ (KA2) with the aim of improving employability of STEM graduates from partner universities by ensuring students acquire skills needed in the workplace. Over the course of 3 years (2019-2022) and with a budget of 999.000 EUR, the project brings together 3 universities from Europe and 10 from Asia, creating a platform for partner universities to exchange best practices on student-centered and competency-based STEM education. The EASTEM project is co-funded with support from the European Commission, project (number 598915-EPP-1-2018-1-SE-EPPKA2-CBHE-JP) under the Erasmus+ program. This document reflects only the views of the authors. The Commission is not responsible for any use that may be made of the information contained therein. This document and its annexes in their latest versions are available from the EASTEM website (www.eastemproject.eu). EASTEM Work Package 4 (WP4) is to facilitate industry engagement and competence integration into educational programs. Building on good case practises from all partner institutions, IMT Atlantique guided partners on how to integrate competence development for students into STEM education programmes and university strategies.

Suatu desa yang terbentuk dari sejarah sejak zaman dahulu memiliki kebudayaan yang khas. Karakter dari desa tersebut dipengaruhi oleh budaya yang diwariskan turun temurun. Karena adanya latar belakang sejarah dan budaya yang kuat, penelitian ini mengkaji bagaimana warga membentuk wadah interaksi sosial di Desa Kemiren, Banyuwangi. Pendekatan yang dilakukan adalah pendekatan fenomologi arsitektur, dimana warga menggunakan ruang-ruang di desa tersebut sebagai tempat berdialog. Dari hasil penelitian ditemukan bahwa kegiatan kebudayaan yaitu upacara adat mempengaruhi penggunaan ruang oleh penduduk desa. Dari tiga upacara adat yaitu: kunjungan ke makam, Barong Ider Bumi, dan Tumpeng Sewu, dapat ditemukan bahwa setiap pelaksaan upacara tersebut mewadahi interaksi sosial dan juga menghidupkan ruang-ruang di desa tersebut. Ruang-ruang seperti jalan raya, tepian jalan, halaman rumah, dan juga dapur menjadi tempat terjadinya interaksi sosial. Kaitan antara upacara adat, kebudayaan, dan ruang-ruang yang mewadahinya membentuk suatu karakter yang unik. Setelah dianalisis, ditemukan bahwa kepercayaan penduduk akan penjaga desa menjadi ruh yang membuat budaya dan upacara adat tersebut bertahan hingga sekarang.

PVA-alginate hydrogel is a promising material for use in biomedical applications due to its desirable characteristics: biocompatible, durable, non-toxic, and low cost. However, the low gel strength of this composite limits its use in biomedical applications. This study aims to develop enhanced mechanical and thermal properties of poly(vinyl alcohol) PVA-alginate composite yarn by adding nanocellulose isolated from the sustainable oil palm empty fruit bunches (OPEFBs). The PVA-alginate composite yarns reinforced with nanocellulose were prepared with various nanocellulose contents (1 wt.%, 2 wt.%, and 5 wt.%). The composite's tensile strength exhibited an increasing trend with the addition of nanocellulose, while the elongation at break showed the opposite trend. Moreover, it was demonstrated that the composite's thermal degradation shifts to higher temperatures with the addition of nanocellulose. The observed activation energies for the thermal degradation calculated using the Coats-Redfern method exhibited a significant increment for the composites reinforced with nanocellulose. These results show that the addition of nanocellulose into the PVA-alginate matrix enhances the chemical and thermal properties of the resulting hydrogel. All these improvements have resulted from more abundant and robust hydrogen bonds generated by the nanocellulose presence.

Made available in DSpace on 2022-04-28T19:48:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2022-02-01 There is a growing demand in the development of environmentally friendly technologies, based on the use of more biocompatible solvents for the recovery of natural bioactive compounds. In this work, the red yeast Phaffia rhodozyma biomass was used as a source of carotenoids to develop an integrative and efficient platform that promotes the recovery of astaxanthin and β-carotene using bio-based solvents (BioSs). The extraction aptitude of pure BioSs was evaluated and compared with the conventional organic method. At this point, the influence of the BioSs molecular structures involved in the extraction procedures were also investigated. Overall, envisaging the industrial application of the process, an integrative platform was proposed for the recovery of astaxanthin/β-carotene from P. rhodozyma biomass and the recycle of the BioSs. The life cycle assessment of the proposed technology using EtOH was evaluated, validating the sustainability of BioSs in the process with environmental impact reduction of 3–12%. Department of Pharmaceutical-Biochemical Technology School of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of São Paulo Department of Engineering of Bioprocesses and Biotechnology School of Pharmaceutical Sciences São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara 14800-903 Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Industrial Technology Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jalan Ganesha No. 10 CESAM − Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies Department of Environment and Planning University of Aveiro Department of Bioresource Engineering Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences McGill University Department of Engineering of Bioprocesses and Biotechnology School of Pharmaceutical Sciences São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara 14800-903

Hydrometeorological disasters are showing an increasing trend in Indonesia. Flash floods are part of a hydrometeorological disaster that has a significant livelihood impact. Flash Flood is triggered by the intensity of extreme rain, several actions of mitigation can be taken by early warning systems, hazard and risk mapping, community preparedness, and climate change adaptation. So, how does future land use have an impact, and how much loss will result from the flash flood disaster in Batu City? The hydrometeorological disaster that occurred in Indonesia was the Batu Flash Flood. The Flash Flood occurred on November 4, 2021. The flash flood has a lot of impact on many locations, including the Bumiaji District and Junrejo District. Based on the disaster history recorded, the flash flood in Batu has only happened once, but the impact was quite big because there are many houses in the midstream of Bulukerto. Based on the losses caused, this can be the basis for efforts to control the spatial pattern of Batu City in the future. The methodology used in this study is risk assessment. While the risk study related to delta (Δ) the study of flash floods risk in spatiotemporal prevention uses the 2030 spatial plan for delta prediction (Δ), which can later predict the consequences of climate change and meteorological disasters from flash floods in Batu. The results of this study are the delta (Δ) of flash flood risk and the damage assessment of the flash flood that occurred in Batu.

International audience; Proximal alluvial sediments represent a useful sedimentary archive to reconstruct the tectono-climatic history of continental rift basins. However, poor dating of coarse fluvial successions usually prevents high-resolution distinction of tectonic and climatic processes, and thus good determination of process rates. This paper presents a dating study of Plio-Pleistocene Kalavryta river system during the early history of the Corinth Rift (northern Peloponnese, Greece) based on magnetostratigraphy and palynology. This river system developed across several active normal fault blocks that are now uplifted along the southern rift margin. The detailed sedimentary record constrains alluvial architectures from the proximal basin to the river outlet where small deltas built into a shallow lake. In four magnetostratigraphy sections the correlation to the reference scale relies on the identification of the Gauss/Matuyama magnetic reversal and biostratigraphic elements. The river system developed between about 3.6 to 1.8 Ma, with sediment accumulation rates (SARs) ranging from 0.40 to 0.75 mm yr − 1. SAR is lower in the alluvial fans than in the deltaic system, and higher at the centre of the normal fault depocentres than at the fault tip. By comparison with worldwide Cenozoic SARs, our values are higher but lie in the same range as those determined in coarse alluvial foreland basins. Moreover, in the context of overfilled intra-mountainous rift basins, these rates are minimum values and can be used as a proxy for accommodation rate. Therefore, early rift stratal wedges and growth synclines attest high sedimentation rates and also high rates of tectonic processes. Finally, in the distal river system, floral compositions and changes of vegetation deduced from palynological data are coherent with alternating fluvio-deltaic and shallow lacustrine deposits, which are linked to relative base level variations. Dry/cool climate is preferentially recorded during periods of low lake level, while the warm/moist climate is mainly recorded in prodelta deposits during periods of high lake level. This correlation suggests that, despite the dominant control of active faulting, climate is a key control of syn-rift stratigraphic architectures.

The research area located in the lowland zone and the corrugated hilly zone which is dominated by sedimentary rocks. Therefore, this study aims to determine the geological features of the research area and the study of depositional environmental facies of the Lake Deposits Formation as an analysis of the depositional environment of Limboto Lake. The research method used is the surface geological mapping, measuring a section of stratigraphic and laboratory analysis. Field data consists of stratigraphical features of the research area. Laboratory analysis consists of petrography and stratigraphy-sedimentology analysis. It can be concluded facies and stratigraphy of research from older to youngest, consists of clastic limestones unit formed in Late Miocene-late Early Pliocene age, reef limestones formed in Late Miocene-early Late Pliocene age, sandstones unit formed in Late Pliocene-Pleistocene age, clay unit, and sandy clay unit are deposited in Holocene. Overall the study site consisted of marine, transitional and terrestrial deposition environment with Lake Deposits Formation facies is lake margin clastic deposits and meandering-stream environment deposits.

Sebagian besar bintang-bintang di galaksi terbentuk di dalam gugus bintang, baik gugus terbuka maupun gugus bola. Begitu juga dengan Matahari, yang diperkirakan terbentuk pada 4,6 milyar tahun lalu di dalam sebuah gugus terbuka (sun’s birth cluster). Bintang-bintang yang terbentuk bersamaan dengan Matahari di dalam sun’s birth cluster, disebut sebagai solar siblings. Argumen ini didukung oleh penemuan radioisotop berumur pendek dan objek-objek Edgeworth-Kuiper yang memiliki inklinasi dan eksentrisitas tinggi di Tata Surya. Pekerjaan ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari evolusi dinamik sun’s birth cluster selama 4,6 milyar tahun dan mencari keberadaan solar siblings di Bimasakti dalam radius 1 kpc dari Matahari. Simulasi N -benda dilakukan untuk memahami evolusi dinamik sun’s birth cluster dan sebaran solar siblings saat ini dalam pengaruh potensial gravitasi Bimasakti. Sebanyak 2 juta bintang dari katalog GAIA DR2 digunakan untuk mencari solar siblings dalam radius 1 kpc dari Matahari. Hasil dari pekerjaan ini menunjukkan bahwa sun’s birth cluster mengalami kehancuran pada usia kurang dari 1 milyar tahun setelah pembentukannya, akibat adanya gangguan pasang surut Bimasakti yang menyebabkan solar siblings terlepas dari sun’s birth cluster dan menyebar di sekitar orbit Matahari saat ini. Semakin besar jumlah bintang sun’s birth cluster yang dimodelkan, semakin banyak solar siblings yang dapat ditemukan di sekitar Matahari. Analisis kinematika dan fotometri solar siblings menunjukkan setidaknya terdapat 14 hingga 19 kandidat solar siblings pada katalog GAIA DR2 dalam radius 1 kpc dari Matahari. Most of stars in our Galaxy are born in star clusters, both in open cluster or globular cluster. Our Sun as well, was born in an open cluster (sun’s birth cluster) at 4.6 billion years ago. Stars those were born with our Sun in the sun’s birth cluster are called as solar siblings. This argument was supported from the discovery of shortlived radioisotopes and Edgeworth-Kuiper belt objects which have high inclination and eccentricity in our Solar System. In this work, we would like to investigate the dynamical evolution of sun’s birth cluster and searching for solar siblings in the Milky Way at radius less than 1 kpc from our Sun. We used N-body simulation to learn the dynamical evolution and present distribution of solar siblings under Milky Way tidal field. We used almost 2 billion stars of GAIA DR2 catalog that located around the Sun. We found that the dissolution of sun’s birth cluster occurred at age less than 1 billion years after its formation. It can be seen from the escaping stars from the cluster which now spreading around the orbit of our Sun. The larger number of stars in a cluster, the higher number of solar siblings found around the Sun. Constraints of kinematics and photometry of solar siblings showed there are 14 -19 candidate of solar siblings on GAIA DR2 catalog at radius less than 1 kpc from our Sun.