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This paper presents a novel computational process used for determining matching coefficients for optical spectra either in real time or from a database. This simple algorithmic method is capable of outputting a set of coefficients relating to comparative matching datapoints and to a weighted similarity ratio between spectra whilst still maintaining high computational efficiency due to the minimization of floating-point calculations. The process works as effectively on signal data during real time processing or on images of spectra which may be stored in a database. A subset of the algorithm has already been used very effectively in an embedded mobile field device to determine the presence or absence of special security fluorescent emission peaks present in printing inks used in anti-counterfeiting labels. The process involves the division of test spectrum(s) signal/image into a grid of user definable blocks while applying the same grid to the test image or images. Each block is then checked to see if the signal/image passes through the block, if the signal/image passes through a block then the value of this grid block is set to 1 in a grid array. The same check is then applied to the reference signal/image(s).While it is possible to process a signal comparison without the need for data storage, useful for some embedded processes, it may be preferable to store the resultant data in simple data arrays. These arrays can then undergo simple arithmetical processing to quickly calculate a set of values representing the number of matching data points, the variation in non-matching data points and a divergence value. This check can be carried out between the test image or images and a larger number of reference images simultaneously by use of additional counters. In addition, when used with large databases of spectra this novel technique may be used to rapidly reduce a large test set to a more relevant subset which can be further analyzed using more conventional methods or by visual inspection. This grid square analysis method works as efficiently on images as it can for signal data and it is believed by the authors that the method will have applications in other image processing applications where fast and efficient comparative analysis between images is required.

Landslides and flash floods are geomorphic hazards (GHs) that often co-occur and interact. They generally occur very quickly, leading to catastrophic socioeconomic impacts. Understanding the temporal patterns of occurrence of GH events is essential for hazard assessment, early warning, and disaster risk reduction strategies. However, temporal information is often poorly constrained, especially in frequently cloud-covered tropical regions, where optical-based satellite data are insufficient. Here we present a regionally applicable methodology to accurately estimate GH event timing that requires no prior knowledge of the GH event timing, using synthetic aperture radar (SAR) remote sensing. SAR can penetrate through clouds and therefore provides an ideal tool for constraining GH event timing. We use the open-access Copernicus Sentinel-1 (S1) SAR satellite that provides global coverage, high spatial resolution (∼10–15 m), and a high repeat time (6–12 d) from 2016 to 2020. We investigate the amplitude, detrended amplitude, spatial amplitude correlation, coherence, and detrended coherence time series in their suitability to constrain GH event timing. We apply the methodology on four recent large GH events located in Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) containing a total of about 2500 manually mapped landslides and flash flood features located in several contrasting landscape types. The amplitude and detrended amplitude time series in our methodology do not prove to be effective in accurate GH event timing estimation, with estimated timing accuracies ranging from a 13 to 1000 d difference. A clear increase in accuracy is obtained from spatial amplitude correlation (SAC) with estimated timing accuracies ranging from a 1 to 85 d difference. However, the most accurate results are achieved with coherence and detrended coherence with estimated timing accuracies ranging from a 1 to 47 d difference. The amplitude time series reflect the influence of seasonal dynamics, which cause the timing estimations to be further away from the actual GH event occurrence compared to the other data products. Timing estimations are generally closer to the actual GH event occurrence for GH events within homogenous densely vegetated landscape and further for GH events within complex cultivated heterogenous landscapes. We believe that the complexity of the different contrasting landscapes we study is an added value for the transferability of the methodology, and together with the open-access and global coverage of S1 data it has the potential to be widely applicable.

Artificial intelligence (AI) will change the face of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging as it will in everyday life. In this review, we focus on the potential applications of AI in the field, both from a physical (radiomics, underlying statistics, image reconstruction and data analysis) and a clinical (neurology, cardiology, oncology) perspective. Challenges for transferability from research to clinical practice are being discussed as is the concept of explainable AI. Finally, we focus on the fields where challenges should be set out to introduce AI in the field of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging in a reliable manner.

Resumen Durante la Segundad Guerra Mundial, en el contexto de la confrontación bélica entre el nacional socialismo alemán y la democracia liberal de Estados Unidos de América (EE. UU.), la propaganda fue fundamental para transmitir mensajes que inspiraran a la población de los países en conflicto. Los carteles fueron instrumentos idóneos para promover el reclutamiento de soldados para sus ejércitos, sostener el esfuerzo de guerra e identificar con claridad a los enemigos. Este artículo aborda los casos de EE. UU. y de la Alemania nazi, con el objetivo de analizar los carteles de 1942, su relación con la textualidad y la difusión de sus intereses ideológicos relacionados con la acción bélica. Se concluye que existen similitudes en ambos casos en los tipos raciales usados en las imágenes, así como el rol protagónico de los textos que se encuentran en los carteles. Abstract During World War II, in the context of the war confrontation between German National Socialism and the liberal democracy of the United States of America (USA), propaganda was instrumental in conveying messages that inspired the population of those countries in conflict. Billboards were ideal instruments to promote the recruitment of soldiers to their armies, sustain the war effort and clearly identify enemies. This article addresses the cases of the US and Nazi Germany, with the aim of analyzing the billboards from 1942, their connection with textuality and the dissemination of their ideological interests related to war action. It is concluded that there are similarities in both cases in the racial types used in the images, as well as the leading role of the texts found in the billboards. Résumé Pendant la Deuxième Guerre Mondiale, dans le contexte de la confrontation belliqueuse entre le national-socialisme allemand et la démocratie libérale des Etats-Unis, la propagande a été fondamentale pour transmettre les messages qui ont inspiré la population des pays en conflit. Les affiches ont été les instruments appropriés pour promouvoir le recrutement des soldats pour leurs armées, pour appuyer la guerre ainsi qu’identifier avec clarté les ennemis. Cet article traite les cas des États-Unis et de l’Allemagne nazi et il vise à analyser les affiches de 1942 en relation avec le texte et la diffusion de leurs intérêts idéologiques en rapport à la guerre. On a conclu qu’il y a des similitudes entre les deux cas, notamment en qui concerne les formes raciales utilisés dans les images ainsi que le rôle prépondérant des textes qui se trouvent dans les affiches.

In recent years, the market for cloud services has continued to expand, and the accompanying growth of "virtualization" has been remarkable. In particular, virtualization using containers is on the rise and is expected to become increasingly popular in the future, replacing conventional virtualization technologies. However, while the use of containers is growing, awareness of security is low, and there are problems such as being used by attackers and vulnerable applications being used without updating. In this study, we focus on Docker, one of the leading container technologies, and investigate the vulnerability of the images that compose the container, both official and other images. Based on the results, we provide Docker users with a more secure way to use containers.

Objective The number of radiomics studies in gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumours (GEP-NETs) is rapidly increasing. This systematic review aims to provide an overview of the available evidence of radiomics for clinical outcome measures in GEP-NETs, to understand which applications hold the most promise and which areas lack evidence. Methods PubMed, Embase, and Wiley/Cochrane Library databases were searched and a forward and backward reference check of the identified studies was executed. Inclusion criteria were (1) patients with GEP-NETs and (2) radiomics analysis on CT, MRI or PET. Two reviewers independently agreed on eligibility and assessed methodological quality with the radiomics quality score (RQS) and extracted outcome data. Results In total, 1364 unique studies were identified and 45 were included for analysis. Most studies focused on GEP-NET grade and differential diagnosis of GEP-NETs from other neoplasms, while only a minority analysed treatment response or long-term outcomes. Several studies were able to predict tumour grade or to differentiate GEP-NETs from other lesions with a good performance (AUCs 0.74-0.96 and AUCs 0.80-0.99, respectively). Only one study developed a model to predict recurrence in pancreas NETs (AUC 0.77). The included studies reached a mean RQS of 18%. Conclusion Although radiomics for GEP-NETs is still a relatively new area, some promising models have been developed. Future research should focus on developing robust models for clinically relevant aims such as prediction of response or long-term outcome in GEP-NET, since evidence for these aims is still scarce.

Este artigo busca analisar as imagens da sociabilidade noturna no Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, durante a pandemia da covid-19. Apoiados por uma revisão da literatura sobre vida noturna e sociabilidade e pelos atos jurídicos relativos à disseminação e contenção do vírus, discutimos um conjunto de políticas e discursos públicos acerca da covid-19 e analisamos imagens jornalísticas que mostram cenários noturnos entre março de 2020 e o início de 2021. Concluiu-se que a vida social à noite foi um dos temas mais relevantes da imprensa para discutir medidas de contenção do vírus, e sua apresentação compõe um imaginário sobre usos de espaços e tipos de comportamento associados à noite na cidade que convivem com um conjunto de noções criadas sobre a noite ao longo dos anos. Essa estratégia discursiva tratou de cenários específicos de sociabilidade noturna e sua ordenação espacial como exemplos para amplificar essa reivindicação à cidade. The aim of this proposal is to investigate images of sociability at night in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, during the covid-19 pandemic. Supported by a review of the specialized literature on nightlife and sociability and by the legal acts relating to the spread and containment of the virus, we discuss a set of policies and public discourses about covid-19 and analyzed photos created by the media presenting nightlife between March 2020 and the first months of 2021. We concluded that social life at night had been one of the most relevant topics comprised in the press to discuss legal measures to contain the spread of the virus and its presentation in the media composes an imaginary about uses of spaces and behavior patterns, that coexist with a set of notions created about the night over the years. Finally, this discursive strategy dealt with specific scenarios of night sociability and its spatial ordering as examples to amplify this claim to the city.

Content-based image retrieval (CBIR) uses the content features for retrieving and searching the images in a given large database. Earlier, different hand feature descriptor designs are researched based on cues that are visual such as shape, colour, and texture used to represent these images. Although, deep learning technologies have widely been applied as an alternative to designing engineering that is dominant for over a decade. The features are automatically learnt through the data. This research work proposes integrated dual deep convolutional neural network (IDD-CNN), IDD-CNN comprises two distinctive CNN, first CNN exploits the features and further custom CNN is designed for exploiting the custom features. Moreover, a novel directed graph is designed that comprises the two blocks i.e. learning block and memory block which helps in finding the similarity among images; since this research considers the large dataset, an optimal strategy is introduced for compact features. Moreover, IDD-CNN is evaluated considering the two distinctive benchmark datasets the oxford dataset considering mean average precision (mAP) metrics and comparative analysis shows IDD-CNN outperforms the other existing model.

RESUMO O artigo trata de um conjunto de imagens, em autocromos, da cidade do Rio de Janeiro. Essas imagens foram produzidas em 1909 por Albert Kahn, criador do projeto Arquivos do Planeta, que tinha como objetivo documentar em imagens o mundo e sua variedade de aspectos culturais tal como ele se apresentava no início do século XX. O objetivo é discutir como esse conjunto de imagens constitui um discurso iconográfico sobre a cidade do Rio de Janeiro por meio da análise dos elementos que aí figuram, das escolhas de ângulos, de enquadramentos e de pontos de vista. A análise composicional das imagens permitiu interpretar a construção de sentido nesse discurso: uma cidade construída entre o mar, a montanha e a densa vegetação. ABSTRACT The article deals with a set of images, in autochrome, of the city of Rio de Janeiro. These images were produced in 1909 by Albert Kahn, creator of The Archives of the Planet project, which aimed to record the world in images and its variety of cultural aspects as it appeared at the beginning of the 20th century. The objective is to discuss how this set of images constitutes an iconographic discourse about the city of Rio de Janeiro from the analysis of the elements that appear there, the choices of angles, framings and points of view. The compositional analysis allowed us to interpret the construction of meaning in this discourse: a city built between the sea, the mountain, and the thick vegetation.

Over the past three decades, there has been a significant increase in political and media attention towards climate change. The media has been instrumental in shaping, reproducing, and influencing the political and cultural comprehension of this phenomenon. While previous research has concentrated primarily on the textual content of news articles, this study focuses on the use of images in climate communication. It is based on the belief that images can combine facts and emotions, engaging audiences and adding narrative complexity to verbal claims. With focus on climate imagery, a content analysis was conducted on 1010 images used by a Portuguese newspaper (Público) between January 2000 and May 2022 to visually cover climate change. The purpose of the analysis was to identify the visual frames used by the newspaper to frame the issue. The primary findings indicate that 35.5% of the images analyzed employ a frame that dramatizes the effects of climate change, evoking anxiety and vulnerability. However, there is evidence of a growing body of scientific literature that challenges and refutes the sensationalist and demoralizing narrative, resulting in the development of novel methods of communicating the phenomenon. Compared to the preceding period (2000–2005), the proportion of visual frames depicting potential solutions and adaptation strategies has increased substantially over the past three years (2020–2022) by 16.3%.

International audience

Not all frameworks used in machine learning and deep learning integrate with Android, which requires some prerequisites. The primary objective of this paper is to present the results of the analysis and a comparison of deep learning development frameworks, which can be adapted into fully decentralized Android apps from a cloud server. As a work methodology, we develop and/or modify the test applications that these frameworks offer us a priori in such a way that it allows an equitable comparison of the analysed characteristics of interest. These parameters are related to attributes that a user would consider, such as (1) percentage of success; (2) battery consumption; and (3) power consumption of the processor. After analysing numerical results, the proposed framework that best behaves in relation to the analysed characteristics for the development of an Android application is TensorFlow, which obtained the best score against Caffe2 and Snapdragon NPE in the percentage of correct answers, battery consumption, and device CPU power consumption. Data consumption was not considered because we focus on decentralized cloud storage applications in this study.

El proyecto “Arte que crea lugares” tiene la finalidad de estudiar el impacto de las imágenes en el entorno construido maya y la capacidad de estas imágenes para inscribir o materializar un significado en el espacio al empalmarse con las connotaciones y las utilidades funcionales de las formas arquitectónicas y con otros elementos circundantes. En esta nota de investigación se presentan los primeros dibujos del programa escultórico de la Subestructura II C de Calakmul y se ofrece una breve discusión acerca del contenido de las escenas representadas. Además, se explora el posible funcionamiento de las imágenes como un conjunto y su participación en la generación de una noción de lugar. The project “Art that creates places” aims to study the impact of images in the Mayan built environment and the ability of these images to inscribe or materialize a meaning in space by splicing with the connotations and the functional utilities of architectural forms and other environmental elements. In this research note, are presented the first drawings of the Substructure II C sculptural program al Calakmul, and a brief discussion about the scenes’ content is offered. In addition, the possible functioning of images as a whole and their participation in creating a sense of a place are explored. Le projet « L’art qui crée les lieux » entend étudier l’impact des images dans l’univers construit maya et la capacité de ces images d’inscrire ou de matérialiser une signification dans l’espace par sa congruence avec l’utilité fonctionnelle des formes architecturales et des autres éléments présents. Dans cette note de recherche, sont présentés les premiers dessins du programme sculptural de la structure-sub II C de Calakmul, ainsi qu’une brève discussion sur le contenu des scènes. De plus, il s’agit aussi d’explorer la possibilité d’un fonctionnement des images comme un tout et leur rôle dans la création de la notion de lieu.

Removing the bias and variance of multicentre data has always been a challenge in large scale digital healthcare studies, which requires the ability to integrate clinical features extracted from data acquired by different scanners and protocols to improve stability and robustness. Previous studies have described various computational approaches to fuse single modality multicentre datasets. However, these surveys rarely focused on evaluation metrics and lacked a checklist for computational data harmonisation studies. In this systematic review, we summarise the computational data harmonisation approaches for multi-modality data in the digital healthcare field, including harmonisation strategies and evaluation metrics based on different theories. In addition, a comprehensive checklist that summarises common practices for data harmonisation studies is proposed to guide researchers to report their research findings more effectively. Last but not least, flowcharts presenting possible ways for methodology and metric selection are proposed and the limitations of different methods have been surveyed for future research.

Ice velocity observations available on-line or on-demand at intra-annual resolution still contain gaps, noise, and artifacts, especially in mountain areas. There is a need to fuse the available multi-temporal and multi-sensor velocity observations to be able to study intra-annual glacier dynamics. The proposed approach includes an inversion based on the temporal closure of displacement observation networks and a temporal interpolation. It reconstructs velocity time series between consecutive dates at a regular temporal sampling (called Regular Leap Frog (RLF) time series) inferred from all the velocity observations without a prori knowledge on the displacement behavior. The RLF time series can be reconstructed for different temporal sampling. Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) over stable areas and Velocity Vector Coherence (VVC) over fast moving areas are proposed to select a temporal sampling allowing a compromise between uncertainty and temporal resolution. This study focuses on the Fox glacier, in the Southern Alps of New Zealand. It shows that RMSE over stable areas is decreased from 78% for a temporal sampling of 5 days to 40% for a temporal sampling of 60 days. Thus, using this approach, we obtain a velocity time series with a complete temporal coverage and reduced uncertainty for a regular and optimal temporal sampling. The results highlight the large seasonal variability of the flow of Fox Glacier that fluctuates by more than 30% between spring and autumn.

Reconstructing object shapes from images has become increasingly important in various fields, such as computer vision, robotics, augmented reality. While approaches for reconstructing shapes with varying levels of detail have been proposed, balancing representation accuracy and model complexity remains a challenge. To address this challenge, we propose an end-to-end approach for reconstructing object shapes from multiple images using a union of box primitives. Our approach offers a simpler and more efficient 3D representation of objects without the need for intermediate products such as voxels, resulting in faster inference times. Additionally, we introduce an auxiliary task to aid in learning how to extract and transform spatial features from images without requiring camera calibrations. Extensive experiments demonstrate that our method can produce comparable results to approaches that require 3D voxelized input while utilizing only 2D images as input. Furthermore, our method significantly outperforms the aforementioned approaches in terms of inference time.

Webinaire Médici/Repères

In his carmina, Venantius Fortunatus (sixth century) has left us three figurate poems that depict the cross as an image, while its verses describe the cross textually. He is thus an author who completely detaches figurate poems from the pagan tradition and inscribes them in the Christian one. The aim of this essay is to examine these poems from a pictorialist perspective. To this end, after a brief presentation of all three poems, they are considered, firstly, as ekphraseis that draw on a three-step representation: The figure depicts a cross that points to transcendence, the verses describe it, and they have the potential to evoke an additional mental image in the reader. Secondly, I examine what image and text, and thus the figurate poems as intermedial products, gain through the respective other medium. This results, thirdly, in an analysis of the figurate poems within the categories of iconism, aniconism, and anti-iconism.

International audience; Cette publication vise à explorer deux siècles d’histoire politique et sociale, culturelle et artistique du Pérou grâce à l’étude d’images populaires, de peintures, de photographies, de films, de lettres, de publications journalistiques, de multiples témoignages recueillis depuis les premières décennies de l’Indépendance du Pérou, en 1821, en France ou produits par des artistes français ou encore en lien avec la culture française. Images et représentations du Pérou en France croise les perceptions de deux espaces géographiques et culturels apparemment très éloignés, mais qui ont une longue histoire de proximité.L’ouvrage est organisé en quatre parties : « Le Pérou indépendant et quelques-unes de ses représentations » propose des travaux liés aux représentations de la guerre d’indépendance et aux premières réflexions sur la construction de l’idée de nation péruvienne. La deuxième partie du livre « De l’orientalisme au nectar des Incas » évoque les regards exotiques créés sur la base d’un élément culturel péruvien au cours de la seconde moitié du XIXe siècle et du début du XXe siècle. « De la Belle Époque à la Seconde Guerre mondiale » regroupe des recherches sur les représentations artistiques inspirées par l’indigénisme et les avant-gardes sans oublier la dimension idéologique. Enfin « L’ Amazonie au coeur de l’engagement, l’art péruvien contre la corruption » décrit différentes manifestations de l’art de l’Amazonie, la partie la plus vaste du territoire péruvien et paradoxalement la plus négligée des projets politiques au cours des deux siècles d’indépendance.

Качество дорожного покрытия является одной из самых популярных проблем во всем мире, поскольку жизнь современного человека практически невозможно представить без транспорта. Для решения данной проблемы существует множество технологий. Однако, они работают на основе различных алгоритмов, к которым относятся методы выделения контуров. Каждый алгоритм обладает своими особенностями. Одной из важных характеристик таких методов является точность распознавания образов (классов) на изображении. Чтобы иметь приблизительное представление, на сколько точен конкретный алгоритм, необходимо провести сравнительный анализ. В качестве методов для исследования выбраны: Оператор Кэнни, Оператор Кирша, Алгоритм Марра-Хилдрета, Оператор Прюитта, Оператор Собеля. Для эксперимента используется всего 140 изображений (все фотографии разные, хранятся в соответствующих папках на жестком диске, размер каждой 200x100/20000 пикселей). Используется 4 категории изображений дорожного покрытия: без повреждений, с трещинами, с ямами, с колеями. На каждый вид выделено по 35 фотографий. Для каждой категории, в свою очередь, происходит разбиение на две группы: шаблонные (10 изображений, с ними проводится сопоставление) и тестовые (25 изображений). Более детально этапы проведения эксперимента описаны в разделе «Методология». В качестве сравнительной характеристики выбран показатель верных ответов для каждого из выбранных алгоритмов выделения контуров. Наилучшее значение имеет Оператор Кирша (46,2%), самое низкое – Оператор Прюитта (38,2%). Однако показатель среднего процента верных ответов для каждого из методов довольно небольшой – меньше 50%. Появляется следующий вопрос: «Можно ли разработать (или уже существует) такой метод, который обрабатывает изображение один раз и при этом имеет средний показатель точности, отличный от 50%». Ответ на него можно будет получен в ходе дальнейших исследований., {"references":["Труды ИСА РАН: Математические модели социально-экономических процессов. Динамические системы. Управление рисками и безопасностью. Оптимизация, идентификация, теория игр. Обработка и анализ изображений и сигналов. Интеллектуальный анализ данных и распознав / Под ред. С.В. Емельянова. – М.: Красанд, 2013. – 128 c.","Гонсалес, Р. Цифровая обработка изображений / Р. Гонсалес. – М.: Техносфера, 2012. – 1101 c.","Ерош, И.Л. Обработка и распознавание изображений в системах превентивной безопасности: Учебное пособие / И.Л. Ерош, М.Б. Сергеев, Н.В. Соловьев. – СПб.: ГОУ ВПО СПбГУАП, 2012. – 154 c.","Кравченко, В.Ф. Цифровая обработка сигналов и изображений в радиофизических приложениях / В.Ф. Кравченко. – М.: Физматлит, 2007. – 544 c.","Красильников, Н.Н. Цифровая обработка 2D- и 3D-изображений: Учебное пособие. / Н.Н. Красильников. – СПб.: BHV, 2011. – 608 c.","Красильников, Н.Н. Цифровая обработка 2D- и 3D-изображений: Учебное пособие / Н.Н. Красильников. – СПб.: BHV, 2011. – 608 c.","Селянкин, В.В. Компьютерное зрение. Анализ и обработка изображений: Учебное пособие / В.В. Селянкин. – СПб.: Лань, 2019. – 152 c.","Визильтер, Ю.В. Обработка и анализ изображений в задачах машинного зрения / Ю.В. Визильтер и др. – М.: ФИЗМАТКН, 2010. – 672 c.","Гонсалес, Р. Цифровая обработка изображений / Р. Гонсалес, Р. Вудс. – М.: Техносфера, 2012. – 1104 c.","Костяшкин, Л.Н. Обработка изображений в авиационных системах технического зрения / Л.Н. Костяшкин, М.Б. Никифоров. – М.: Физматлит, 2016. – 240 c.","Кравченко, В.Ф. Цифровая обработка сигналов и изображений в радиофизических приложениях / В.Ф. Кравченко и др. – М.: Физматлит, 2007. – 544 c.","Красильников, Н.Н. Цифровая обработка изображений / Н.Н. Красильников. – М.: Вузовская книга, 2001. – 320 c.","Прохоренок, Н.А. OpenCV и Java. Обработка изображений и компьютерное зрение / Н.А. Прохоренок. – СПб.: BHV, 2018. – 320 c.","Яне, Б. Цифровая обработка изображений / Б. Яне. – М.: Техносфера, 2007. – 584 c.","Kirsch Compass Mask [В интернете] // URL: https://www.tutorialspoint.com/dip/ krisch_compass_mask. htm","Canny Edge Dector [В интернете] // URL: https://justin-liang.com/tutorials/canny/","Laplacian & Marr Hildreth Edge Detection [В интернете] // URL: https://www.southampton.ac.uk/~msn/ book/new_demo/laplacian/","Prewitt Operator [В интернете] // URL: https://www.tutorialspoint.com/dip/prewitt_operator.htm","Sobel Operator [В интернете] // URL: https://www.tutorialspoint.com/dip/sobel_operator.htm","EMGU CV Tutorial [В интернете] // URL: http://bias.csr.unibo.it/vr/Esercitazioni/Tracce/Emgu%20CV% 20Tutorial%20Skander.pdf"]}

Качество дорожного покрытия является одной из самых популярных проблем во всем мире, поскольку жизнь современного человека практически невозможно представить без транспорта. Для решения данной проблемы существует множество технологий. Однако, они работают на основе различных алгоритмов, к которым относятся методы выделения контуров. Каждый алгоритм обладает своими особенностями. Одной из важных характеристик таких методов является точность распознавания образов (классов) на изображении. Чтобы иметь приблизительное представление, на сколько точен конкретный алгоритм, необходимо провести сравнительный анализ. В качестве методов для исследования выбраны: Оператор Кэнни, Оператор Кирша, Алгоритм Марра-Хилдрета, Оператор Прюитта, Оператор Собеля. Для эксперимента используется всего 140 изображений (все фотографии разные, хранятся в соответствующих папках на жестком диске, размер каждой 200x100/20000 пикселей). Используется 4 категории изображений дорожного покрытия: без повреждений, с трещинами, с ямами, с колеями. На каждый вид выделено по 35 фотографий. Для каждой категории, в свою очередь, происходит разбиение на две группы: шаблонные (10 изображений, с ними проводится сопоставление) и тестовые (25 изображений). Более детально этапы проведения эксперимента описаны в разделе «Методология». В качестве сравнительной характеристики выбран показатель верных ответов для каждого из выбранных алгоритмов выделения контуров. Наилучшее значение имеет Оператор Кирша (46,2%), самое низкое – Оператор Прюитта (38,2%). Однако показатель среднего процента верных ответов для каждого из методов довольно небольшой – меньше 50%. Появляется следующий вопрос: «Можно ли разработать (или уже существует) такой метод, который обрабатывает изображение один раз и при этом имеет средний показатель точности, отличный от 50%». Ответ на него можно будет получен в ходе дальнейших исследований., {"references":["Труды ИСА РАН: Математические модели социально-экономических процессов. Динамические системы. Управление рисками и безопасностью. Оптимизация, идентификация, теория игр. Обработка и анализ изображений и сигналов. Интеллектуальный анализ данных и распознав / Под ред. С.В. Емельянова. – М.: Красанд, 2013. – 128 c.","Гонсалес, Р. Цифровая обработка изображений / Р. Гонсалес. – М.: Техносфера, 2012. – 1101 c.","Ерош, И.Л. Обработка и распознавание изображений в системах превентивной безопасности: Учебное пособие / И.Л. Ерош, М.Б. Сергеев, Н.В. Соловьев. – СПб.: ГОУ ВПО СПбГУАП, 2012. – 154 c.","Кравченко, В.Ф. Цифровая обработка сигналов и изображений в радиофизических приложениях / В.Ф. Кравченко. – М.: Физматлит, 2007. – 544 c.","Красильников, Н.Н. Цифровая обработка 2D- и 3D-изображений: Учебное пособие. / Н.Н. Красильников. – СПб.: BHV, 2011. – 608 c.","Красильников, Н.Н. Цифровая обработка 2D- и 3D-изображений: Учебное пособие / Н.Н. Красильников. – СПб.: BHV, 2011. – 608 c.","Селянкин, В.В. Компьютерное зрение. Анализ и обработка изображений: Учебное пособие / В.В. Селянкин. – СПб.: Лань, 2019. – 152 c.","Визильтер, Ю.В. Обработка и анализ изображений в задачах машинного зрения / Ю.В. Визильтер и др. – М.: ФИЗМАТКН, 2010. – 672 c.","Гонсалес, Р. Цифровая обработка изображений / Р. Гонсалес, Р. Вудс. – М.: Техносфера, 2012. – 1104 c.","Костяшкин, Л.Н. Обработка изображений в авиационных системах технического зрения / Л.Н. Костяшкин, М.Б. Никифоров. – М.: Физматлит, 2016. – 240 c.","Кравченко, В.Ф. Цифровая обработка сигналов и изображений в радиофизических приложениях / В.Ф. Кравченко и др. – М.: Физматлит, 2007. – 544 c.","Красильников, Н.Н. Цифровая обработка изображений / Н.Н. Красильников. – М.: Вузовская книга, 2001. – 320 c.","Прохоренок, Н.А. OpenCV и Java. Обработка изображений и компьютерное зрение / Н.А. Прохоренок. – СПб.: BHV, 2018. – 320 c.","Яне, Б. Цифровая обработка изображений / Б. Яне. – М.: Техносфера, 2007. – 584 c.","Kirsch Compass Mask [В интернете] // URL: https://www.tutorialspoint.com/dip/ krisch_compass_mask. htm","Canny Edge Dector [В интернете] // URL: https://justin-liang.com/tutorials/canny/","Laplacian & Marr Hildreth Edge Detection [В интернете] // URL: https://www.southampton.ac.uk/~msn/ book/new_demo/laplacian/","Prewitt Operator [В интернете] // URL: https://www.tutorialspoint.com/dip/prewitt_operator.htm","Sobel Operator [В интернете] // URL: https://www.tutorialspoint.com/dip/sobel_operator.htm","EMGU CV Tutorial [В интернете] // URL: http://bias.csr.unibo.it/vr/Esercitazioni/Tracce/Emgu%20CV% 20Tutorial%20Skander.pdf"]}

Artwork within publications, broadly covering non-text items including graphs, diagrams, and photographs, is typically published under a copyright licence, and permission for the reproduction of such items needs to be sought. The various image rights can be difficult to navigate, especially in the era of open access, and thus at The Lancet, we have developed a streamlined workflow to guide our teams on artwork permission processes in our journals. We present a practical guide for other publishing professionals, which can be adapted to meet their resources and needs.

Human Muscular Manipulability is a metric that measures the comfort of an specific pose and it can be used for a variety of applications related to healthcare. For this reason, we introduce KIMHu: a Kinematic, Imaging and electroMyography dataset for Human muscular manipulability index prediction. The dataset is comprised of images, depth maps, skeleton tracking data, electromyography recordings and 3 different Human Muscular Manipulability indexes of 20 participants performing different physical exercises with their arm. The methodology followed to acquire and process the data is also presented for future replication. A specific analysis framework for Human Muscular Manipulability is proposed in order to provide benchmarking tools based on this dataset. Óscar G. Hernández and José M. López Castellanos expresses their gratitude to the Fundación Carolina, the National Autonomous University of Honduras and the University of Alicante, for its funding support while this work was in preparation. This work has also been supported by an University of Alicante Grant GRE-20 (2021/00710/001) and by the Spanish Government Grant PID2019-104818RB-I00 funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by “ERDF A way of making Europe”.

This research article is aimed at improving the efficiency of a computer vision system that uses image processing for detecting cracks. Images are prone to noise when captured using drones or under various lighting conditions. To analyze this, the images were gathered under various conditions. To address the noise issue and to classify the cracks based on the severity level, a novel technique is proposed using a pixel-intensity resemblance measurement (PIRM) rule. Using PIRM, the noisy images and noiseless images were classified. Then, the noise was filtered using a median filter. The cracks were detected using VGG-16, ResNet-50 and InceptionResNet-V2 models. Once the crack was detected, the images were then segregated using a crack risk-analysis algorithm. Based on the severity level of the crack, an alert can be given to the authorized person to take the necessary action to avoid major accidents. The proposed technique achieved a 6% improvement without PIRM and a 10% improvement with the PIRM rule for the VGG-16 model. Similarly, it showed 3 and 10% for ResNet-50, 2 and 3% for Inception ResNet and a 9 and 10% increment for the Xception model. When the images were corrupted from a single noise alone, 95.6% accuracy was achieved using the ResNet-50 model for Gaussian noise, 99.65% accuracy was achieved through Inception ResNet-v2 for Poisson noise, and 99.95% accuracy was achieved by the Xception model for speckle noise.

The purpose of this paper is to journey through the world of abstract signs, symbols, and images, in an attempt to comprehend the process of constitution of memories, of (hi)stories, of dialects, and of (super)natural realities, as generated by human perceptions of things. Sensitivity and intuition in the process of recording impressions of spaces and places, of nature and of objects, are integral parts of the process of generating and storing memories, shaping associations, and fashioning the storylines that compose our (hi)stories. These are also the sources for comprehending the process by which the mind produces images and other means of communication inventing signs and symbols, composing messages, languages, technologies, and arts. The need to leave a trace is instinctive. Human beings are defined by their capacities to observe, propose ideas, defend hypotheses, and prove objectives. Artistic images and creations, from pre-history to today, convey thoughts, facts, and memories, making the incredible diversity of the human spirit visible. All human actions are based upon cultural, social, and ethical constructions of knowledge, interpretations, awareness, and of engagements. Arts and cultures, then, are mirrors of the journey of civilization, reflecting on the entirety of its expeditions and productions. Imagery and metaphor connect people, continents, philosophies, beliefs, (hi)stories. Languages and arts transcend locations and personal differences, illustrating and enhancing the understanding of realities, ethics, and aesthetics. Nowhere on earth do people exist without language, art, or culture.

Les imatges, a més de ser part integral de la vida diària de la nova generació de jovent, presenten un enorme potencial per al desenvolupament de les destreses a l’ensenyament de llengües. En aquest treball s’analitzen dos manuals d’espanyol llengua estrangera marfilenys, ¡Ya estamos! i ¡Más allá!, amb la intenció d’estudiar no només la presència d’aquests elements visuals sinó també del seu ús com a suport per a fomentar la producció oral a l’aula. Es conclou que, amb aquests manuals, hi ha hagut una evolució relativament positiva quant a estratègies del seu estudi, en comparació amb llibres de text anteriors. No obstant això, s’espera que se les tingui més en compte en els processos d’ensenyament, especialment per a la producció oral autèntica., Images being an integral part of the lives of new generations of young people, they have an enormous potential for the development of skills in language teaching contexts. In this work, two Ivorian textbooks for teaching Spanish as a foreign language, ¡Ya estamos! and ¡Más allá! are analyzed. The aim of this study is twofold: studying the presence of visual elements in these textbooks and their use as a catalyst for oral production in the classroom. It is concluded that there has been a relatively positive evolution in terms of image study strategies in the classroom through these manuals, compared to previous textbooks. However, a greater consideration of these supports in teaching processes is expected, especially regarding authentic oral production., Las imágenes, además de formar parte de la vida diaria de la nueva generación de jóvenes, poseen un enorme potencial para el desarrollo de las destrezas en el marco de la enseñanza de lenguas. En este contexto, el autor ha querido analizar los nuevos manuales de ELE marfileños, ¡Ya estamos! y ¡Más allá!, para sopesar no solo su grado de integración a los contenidos, sino también su utilización como soporte para fomentar la producción oral. Se llega a la conclusión de que ha habido una evolución positiva en cuanto a su estudio. Sin embargo, se espera una valoración más justa de las imágenes en los procesos de enseñanza, y sobre todo una metodología más adecuada a su explotación.

Many students and teachers have surprisingly little competence in creating a good presentation in PowerPoint or Canva, even though they need this in their everyday life. The article will use some negative examples to show how a good presentation should be created and what needs to be considered. First, the article focusses on planning and structuring. The basic principle of “Keep it simple” will be presented and basic arguments for the use of images and animations are pointed out. The article is intended to be an introduction and summary for students and teachers interested in the topic of presentation. One focus of the article is how to deal with copyright issues in presentations. Even experienced scholars and scientists may find some useful information., Багато студентів та викладачів не володіють достатньою компетентністю у створенні якісних презентацій в PowerPoint або Canva, не зважаючи на важливість цього виду роботи у навчанні. У статті наведено кілька прикладів того, як створювати ефективну презентацію і на що слід звертати увагу. Акцент робиться, насамперед, на плануванні презентації та структуруванні її змісту. Представлено основний принцип “keep it simple” (“не ускладнювати”) та аргументи щодо правильного використання візуальної наочності та анімації. Стаття призначена для студентів та викладачів і має на меті ознайомлення особливостями цих навчальних засобів та узагальнення досвіду їх створення.

With social media image analysis, one collects and interprets online images for the study of topical affairs. This analytical undertaking requires formats for displaying collections of images that enable their inspection. First, we discuss features of social media images to make a case for studying them in groups (rather than individually): multiplicity, circulation, modification, networkedness, and platform specificity. In all, these offer reasons and means for an approach to social media image research that privileges the collection of images as its analytical object. Second, taking the 2019 Amazon rainforest fires as a case study, we present four visual models for analyzing collections of social media images. Each visual model matches a distinctive spatial arrangement with a type of analysis: grouping images by theme with clusters, surfacing dominant images and their engagement with treemaps, following image trends with plots, and comparing image rankings across platforms with grids.

En el siglo XX la historia abordó de múltiples maneras la imagen como documento, pero fueron omitidas las condiciones epistemológicas que ésta ofrecía en su complejidad y que hicieron parte central de la reflexión científica. Uno de los aspectos que la determinan es justamente el que más debería estar involucrado en la reflexión histórica: el tiempo. Desde el pensamiento de Walter Benjamin, Gilles Deleuze y Aby Warburg, es posible sustentar en el anacronismo de la imagen nuevas pistas en la comprensión del pasado. ¿Cómo plantear una historia de las imágenes que involucre la atemporalidad como condición epistemológica de la disciplina? During the twentieth century, history approached images as documents in many ways, but omitted the epistemological conditions images offered in their complexity and which became a central part of scientific reflection. One of the aspects which determine an image is, in fact, the one that should be more involved in historical reflection: time. Based on the thoughts of Walter Benjamin, Gilles Deleuze and Aby Warburg, it is possible to find, through the anachronism of images, new clues to understand the past. How can we propose a history of images that involves timelessness as an epistemological condition of the discipline? No século XX, a história abordou de múltiplas maneiras a imagem como documento, mas foram omitidas as condições epistemológicas que esta oferecia em sua complexidade e que fizeram parte central da reflexão científica. Um dos aspectos que a determinam é justamente o que mais deveria estar envolvido na reflexão histórica: o tempo. A partir do pensamento de Walter Benjamin, Gilles Deleuze e Aby Warburg, é possível sustentar no anacronismo da imagem novas pistas na compreensão do passado. Como conceber uma história das imagens que envolva a atemporalidade como condição epistemológica da disciplina?

Los incendios forestales representan una de las mayores amenazas a la biodiversidad de los ecosistemas, por lo que su control, con base en diferentes herramientas, es fundamental para lograr una vigilancia eficiente y garantizar la sostenibilidad ambiental para el futuro. En este estudio se cartografiaron los incendios ocurridos en la vertiente de sur del Parque Nacional Henri Pittier a partir de la clasificación supervisada de 9 imágenes satelitales mediante vectores de soporte entre 1990 y 2020. Se complementó la cartografía con datos del proyecto FIRMS, con relación al número de incendios ocurridos en la vertiente. Los resultados de los indicadores de validación demostraron una buena eficiencia del clasificador. Las áreas cartografiadas oscilaron entre 1,63 km² para 2015 hasta 39,22 km² en 2020. En este último año se registraron 287 incendios en contraste con 2017, que sólo registró uno. Se constató el año 2020 como el de mayor incidencia de incendios, asociado posiblemente a condiciones extremadamente secas y altas temperaturas. Se discute adicionalmente el papel antrópico en estos eventos. Forest fire represent one of the greatest threats to the biodiversity of ecosystems, so their control based on different tools is essential to achieve efficient surveillance and guarantee environmental sustainability for the future. In this study, the fires that occurred on the southern slope of the Henri Pittier National Park were mapped from the supervised classification of 9 satellite images using support vector machine between 1990 and 2020. The cartography of the fires was complemented by the FIRMS project data, in relation to the number of fires that occurred on the slope. The results of the Kappa index and overall precision demonstrated excellent classifier efficiency. Mapped fire areas ranged from 1.63 km² in 2015 to 39.22 km² in 2020. This last year registered 287 fires in contrast to 2017, which only registered one. The year 2020 was found to be the year with the highest incidence of fires, possibly associated with extremely dry conditions and high temperatures. The anthropic role in these events is further discussed. climamiguel48@gmail.com academicoabg@gmail.com jcrey67@gmail.com naghely.mendoza@gmail.com Semestral www.saber.ula.ve/regeoven

L'objectiu principal és desenvolupar un servei de detecció d'incidències en l'entorn urbà que es troben en mal estat on els ciutadans puguin denunciar-ho penjant una fotografia del lloc on es troba. La fotografia serà analitzada per una xarxa neuronal mitjançant la tècnica de detecció d'objectes per identificar si hi ha un incident i de quin tipus, i si n'hi ha, la ubicació serà informada en una plataforma centralitzada. El objetivo principal es desarrollar un servicio de detección de incidencias en el entorno urbano en mal estado donde los ciudadanos puedan denunciar subiendo una foto del lugar donde se encuentra. La foto será analizada por una red neuronal mediante técnica de detección de objetos para identificar si hay algún incidente y de qué tipo, y si lo hay, se determinará la ubicación. informado en una plataforma centralizada. As a consequence of climate change, the search for sustainable development and the improvement of citizens' quality of life, in recent years much has been invested in bringing cities closer to the concept of smart city. Technologies have been developed to manage lighting control in the city, waste collection or, for example, traffic management. The main objective is to develop a service to detect incidents in the urban environment that are in poor condition where citizens can report by uploading a photo of the place where it is located. The photo will be analysed by a neuronal network using object detection technique to identify if there is an incident and of what type, and if there is, the location will be reported on a centralised platform. Images from three different class labels are analysed: broken stop sign, crosswalk in poor condition and fallen trees. In order to correctly detect the class labels in the analysed images, the neuronal network has been trained with different weights to find the most optimal analysis percentage using supervised training. To choose which image to analyse, a platform form is used to choose which class label to search for in the images sent by citizens and a map to show the locations of the damaged urban environment. This request is sent via an API, which sends the command to the neuronal network to analyse the images. Once the results are obtained, it stores the images together with the type of incident and the location in a database located in the cloud, which will be consulted by the centralised platform to display the locations on the map. In summary, this project could be applied to other types of needs such as finding lost pets and lost objects, reporting more types of damaged street furniture, reporting the state of health of the city's trees or finding out if we have enough bike lanes in the city by analysing the number of bikes in the city. However, this project requires a significant amount of expertise in neuronal networks, computational resources for training the network and powerful devices to run the network in real-time.

Resumo Nesta entrevista, concedida em 16 de setembro de 2021, por mais de duas horas, via Googlemeet, Cornélia Ercket fala da graduação em ciências sociais, na Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), para iniciar o relato sobre a trajetória intelectual construída ao longo de mais de 30 anos. Voltou às condições em que realizou sua dissertação de mestrado, com foco nos mineiros de carvão, sob a orientação de Rubem Olivem, ainda na UFRGS. Do doutorado na França, relembrou como continuou sua pesquisa sobre os mineiros, o que a levou a La Grand-Combe - cidade do interior onde viveu por quatro anos e onde pôde examinar o “luto” de toda uma comunidade com o desativação de sua principal atividade econômica, com o fechamento da mina de carvão. Como ela lembra, aquele foi um momento especial no despertar do interesse pela correlação entre narrativas, imagens, imaginários e memórias. Quadrangulação tão decisiva para o desenrolar de sua obra, inicialmente seguindo tanto os traços da antropologia simbólica francesa quanto as pesquisas e reflexões de antropólogos brasileiros sobre a questão urbana. Assim, na continuidade da entrevista, Cornelia combina o percurso de sua produção acadêmica com projetos de pesquisa na constituição do Núcleo de Antropologia Visual do PPGAS na UFRGS. Pode, então, explicar contribuições, temas, divisões disciplinares, referenciais teóricos e esquemas metodológicos específicos ao design da antropologia visual no Brasil. A inclusão da reflexão sobre a imagem permite comentar a situação política à luz dos impactos das fake news. A entrevista se completa na forma como Cornelia situa sua experiência religiosa, bem como seu trabalho na Associação Brasileira de Antropologia (ABA), em comissões, diretorias e atualmente como vice-presidenta da ABA, no diagnóstico que propõe sobre o presente e o futuro das ciências sociais do país. Abstract In this interview, given on September 16, 2021, over two hours, via Googlemeet, Cornelia Ercket talks about graduation in Social Sciences, at the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), to start the report about the intellectual trajectory built over more than 30 years. She returned to the conditions in which she carried out her master's thesis focusing on coal mine workers, under the guidance of Rubem Olivem, still at UFRGS. From his doctorate in France, he recalled how he continued his research on the miners, which led her to La Grand-Combe - a country town where he lived for four years and where he could examine the “mourning” of an entire community with the deactivation of its main economic activity, with the closing of the coal mine. As she remembers, that was a special moment in the awakening of interest in the correlation between narratives, images, imaginaries and memories. Quadriangulation so decisive for the unfolding of her work, at first following both the traces of French symbolic anthropology and the research and reflections of Brazilian anthropologists on the urban issue. Thus, in the continuity of the interview, Cornelia combines the course taken by her academic production with research projects in the setting up of the Visual Anthropology Nucleus of the PPGAS at UFRGS. It can then explain contributions, themes, disciplinary divisions, theoretical frameworks and methodological schemes specific to the design of visual anthropology in Brazil. The inclusion of reflection about on the image allows you to comment on the political situation in light of the impacts of Fakenews. The interview is completed in the way she locates her religious experience, as well as her work at the Brazilian Association of Anthropology (ABA), in commissions, directorates and currently as vice president of the ABA, in the diagnosis she proposes about the present and the future. of social sciences in the country.

地域に点在する文化財は必ずしも公的に管理されているものばかりではなく、寺社や自治会など私有資産として管理されているに過ぎないものも多い。 このような文化財はそもそも地域住民に十分知られていないこともあり、 災害時や管理者の事情で簡単に逸失してしまうリスクを常に抱えている。 公的資金の充当が容易ではない現状では地域住民による保護に頼らざるを得ない。 そのためにはまず地域の文化財に対する認知を高める必要がある。 そこで我々は現在の文化財の状況を地域住民で共有する仕組みを構築した。, 5

Purpose 2-[18F]FDG PET/CT is of utmost importance for radiation treatment (RT) planning and response monitoring in lung cancer patients, in both non-small and small cell lung cancer (NSCLC and SCLC). This topic has been addressed in guidelines composed by experts within the field of radiation oncology. However, up to present, there is no procedural guideline on this subject, with involvement of the nuclear medicine societies. Methods A literature review was performed, followed by a discussion between a multidisciplinary team of experts in the different fields involved in the RT planning of lung cancer, in order to guide clinical management. The project was led by experts of the two nuclear medicine societies (EANM and SNMMI) and radiation oncology (ESTRO). Results and conclusion This guideline results from a joint and dynamic collaboration between the relevant disciplines for this topic. It provides a worldwide, state of the art, and multidisciplinary guide to 2-[18F]FDG PET/CT RT planning in NSCLC and SCLC. These practical recommendations describe applicable updates for existing clinical practices, highlight potential flaws, and provide solutions to overcome these as well. Finally, the recent developments considered for future application are also reviewed.

L’œuvre de Jòrgi Gròs intéresse le cinéma de plusieurs façons, mais cet intérêt dépasse l’anecdote et constitue un des noyaux de sens de ce roman. C’est d’abord une histoire des salles et des publics, doublée d’une histoire des films, remaniées par la mémoire de l’écrivain qui a pris pour points d’accroche le cinéma populaire des années 1930 à 1950 et y mêle des souvenirs plus anciens remontant à l’enfance de son père. Il touche donc à la fois à l’histoire locale, à l’histoire des publics et à la plongée l’imaginaire collectif. Mais c’est avant tout un récit très personnel d’une expérience totale fondatrice qui instruira ensuite toute l’expérience visuelle de l’écrivain et marque son écriture, non pas qu’elle soit « cinématographique » mais par sa dimension éminemment poétique. The work of Jòrgi Gròs is interested in cinema in several ways, but this interest goes beyond the anecdotal and constitutes one of the core meanings of this novel. It is first of all a history of cinemas and audiences, coupled with a history of films, reworked by the writer's memory, who has taken the popular cinema of the 1930s to the 1950s as a point of reference and blends in older memories from his father's childhood. It thus touches on local history, the history of audiences and the collective imagination. But above all, it is a very personal account of a total founding experience that will subsequently inform the writer's entire visual experience and mark his writing, not because it is "cinematic" but because of its eminently poetic dimension.

To promote students’ value-based agency, responsible science and sustainability, science education must address how students think about their personal and collective futures. However, research has shown that young people find it difficult to fully relate to the future and its possibilities, and few studies have focused on the potential of science education to foster futures thinking and agency. We report on a project that further explored this potential by developing future-oriented science courses drawing on the field of futures studies. Phenomenographic analysis was used on interview data to see what changes upper-secondary school students saw in their futures perceptions and agentic orientations after attending a course which adapted futures thinking skills in the context of quantum computing and technological approaches to global problems. The results show students perceiving the future and technological development as more positive but also more unpredictable, seeing their possibilities for agency as clearer and more promising (especially by identifying with their peers or aspired career paths), and feeling a deeper connection to the otherwise vague idea of futures. Students also felt they had learned to question deterministic thinking and to think more creatively about their own lives as well as technological and non-technological solutions to global problems. Both quantum physics and futures thinking opened new perspectives on uncertainty and probabilistic thinking. Our results provide further validation for a future-oriented approach to science education, and highlight essential synergies between futures thinking skills, agency, and authentic socio-scientific issues in developing science education for the current age.

La amplitud de rango de significados que poseen algunas imágenes nos permite comunicar más allá de las palabras, ciertas emociones y dan contexto a los mensajes. Las imágenes utilizadas en las portadas de la revista científica "Questiones Publicitarias" dan significado al contenido de la revista y nos dibujan el marco de referencia contextual de la revista: la publicidad y la comunicación. Así pues, hacemos un recorrido por la historia de "Questiones Publicitarias" a través de sus imágenes y observamos el sentido de esas imágenes. The wide range of meanings that some images have allows us to communicate beyond words, certain emotions and give context to the messages. The images used on the covers of the journal "Questiones Publicitarias" give meaning to the content of the journal and draw us the contextual frame of reference of the journal: advertising and communication. Thus, we take a trail through the history of "Questiones Publicitarias" through its images and observe the meaning of those images.

Wikipedia is the largest source of free encyclopedic knowledge and one of the most visited sites on the Web. To increase reader understanding of the article, Wikipedia editors add images within the text of the article's body. However, despite their widespread usage on web platforms and the huge volume of visual content on Wikipedia, little is known about the importance of images in the context of free knowledge environments. To bridge this gap, we collect data about English Wikipedia reader interactions with images during one month and perform the first large-scale analysis of how interactions with images happen on Wikipedia. First, we quantify the overall engagement with images, finding that one in 29 pageviews results in a click on at least one image, one order of magnitude higher than interactions with other types of article content. Second, we study what factors associate with image engagement and observe that clicks on images occur more often in shorter articles and articles about visual arts or transports and biographies of less well-known people. Third, we look at interactions with Wikipedia article previews and find that images help support reader information need when navigating through the site, especially for more popular pages. The findings in this study deepen our understanding of the role of images for free knowledge and provide a guide for Wikipedia editors and web user communities to enrich the world's largest source of encyclopedic knowledge., Comment: 29 pages, 12 figures, final version to be published in EPJ Data Science

The essay is part of a constellation of images that brings together original photos, research in collections and research in Google’s georeferenced image bank as part of the methodological reflection on images as artifacts of elapsed time, clues and previews of transformations, rhythms and temporality in the city. It is the result of my ethnographic research on urban transformations in the port region of Rio de Janeiro, which have been on my research horizon since 2011., O ensaio é parte de uma constelação de imagens que reúne fotografias originais, pesquisa em acervos e a investigação no banco de imagens georreferenciadas doGooglecomo parte da reflexão metodológica sobre as imagens como artefatos do tempo transcorrido, pistas e antevisões das transformações e ritmos temporais na cidade. Ele é resultado de minha pesquisa etnográfica sobre as transformações urbanas nazona portuáriado Rio de Janeiro, que estão no meu horizonte de pesquisa há 10 anos.

The essay is composed of twenty images of an eviction process of an Urban Occupation that took place in 2019 in Porto Alegre. The photographs are accompanied by diary excerpts from one of the authors/residents of the occupation that was the target of State violence expressed in the narrative. The images are part of a field of intervention research “Urban Experiences and Production of the Common: ways of life and the invention of cities in times of intolerance” and were worked from the perspective of an ethnocartography that explores the sensitive dimension of interactions with the researched field, based on cartographic attention., O ensaio compõe-se de vinte imagens de um processo de despejo de uma Ocupação Urbana ocorrida em 2019 em Porto Alegre, acompanhadas de excertos diarísticos de uma das autoras/moradoras da ocupação que foi alvo da violência de Estado expressa na narrativa. As imagens constituem parte de um campo da pesquisa-intervenção “Experiências Urbanas e Produção do Comum: modos de vida e invenção das cidades em tempos de intolerância” e foram trabalhadas na perspectiva de uma etnocartografia que explora a dimensão sensível das interações com o campo pesquisado, a partir da atenção cartográfica.

The goal of this paper consists in connect the techniques and forms of the art´s symbolic production in the XVII´s century with some of the discourses and scientific progress of the same period. Following Severo Sarduy´s considerations and specially taking into account the case of Galileo, but also -although in a less way- that of Kepler and Descartes, I will follow the trail of the bonds between aesthetic attitude and scientific convictions in this thinkers in order to show the continuity of both dimensions in human existence. The presuppose is that the relation between though and expression is always dynamic and reciprocal: many ideas, theories and conceptual systems are innate with their related expressive shapes. At the same time in the variety of imaginative articulations we can find the presence and manifestation of different orders and meanings. El objetivo del presente trabajo consiste en relacionar las técnicas y formas de la producción simbólica del arte del siglo XVII con algunos de los discursos y avances científicos de la misma época. Siguiendo las reflexiones de Severo Sarduy y tomando especialmente el caso de Galileo, pero también -aunque en menor medida- los de Kepler y Descartes, rastrearé los vínculos entre la actitud estética y las convicciones científicas de estos pensadores a fin de mostrar la continuidad entre ambas dimensiones de la existencia humana. El presupuesto que subyace es que la relación entre pensamiento y expresión es siempre dinámica y recíproca: muchas ideas, teorías y sistemas conceptuales se encuentran consustanciados con sus formas expresivas correspondientes. A la vez que en la variedad de articulaciones imaginadas podemos encontrar la presencia y manifestación de órdenes y sentidos diversos.

V okviru diplomske naloge je predstavljena metoda za semantično segmentacijo voznih scen. Moderne metode semantične segmentacije voznih scen lahko razdelimo na tri kategorije. Prva kategorija za zajem podatkov uporablja samo kamere, druga samo senzorje LiDAR, tretja pa združi podatke obeh senzorjev. V delu se osredotočamo na združevanje meritev LiDAR in barvnih slik s pomočjo mehanizma medpozornosti. Razvijemo metodo SWINCrossFusion, ki temelji na arhitekturi transformerja SWIN, za združevanje meritev pa predstavimo nov transformerski blok SWIN za izvajanje medpozornosti. Metoda izračuna poizvedbe nad podatki iz enega, ključe in vrednosti pa na podatkih drugega senzorja. Tako dobimo učinkovito in hitro združevanje lastnosti obeh senzorjev. Metodo evalviramo na podatkovni zbirki SemanticKITTI in primerjamo z referenčno metodo PMF. Razvita metoda je s 54 % mIoU za dva odstotka slabša od referenčne metode, vendar vhodne podatke procesira 40 % hitreje in porabi 1 GB grafičnega pomnilnika manj. This diploma thesis presents a method for semantic segmentation of driving scenes. Modern methods for semantic segmentation of driving scenes can be divided into three categories. The first category uses only cameras, the second uses only LiDAR sensors, and the third combines data from both sensors to capture data. In this paper, we focus on the fusion of LiDAR and RGB image data using cross-attention mechanism. We develop SWINCrossFusion, a method based on the SWIN transformer architecture, and introduce a new SWIN transformer block for sensor fusion using cross-attention. The method computes queries over data from one sensor, and keys and values over data from the other sensor. This results in an efficient and fast merging of the measurements of the two sensors. We evaluate the method on the SemanticKITTI dataset and compare it with the reference PMF method. The developed method is with 54 % mIoU two percent worse than the reference method, but processes the input data 40 % faster and consumes 1 GB less graphic memory.

Warning sign plays an important role in risk avoidance. Many studies have found that images are better warnings than text, while others have revealed flaws of image-only warning signs. To better understand the factors underlying the effectiveness of different types of warning signs (image only, text only, or image and text), this study adopted event-related potential technology to explore the differences at the neurocognitive level using the oddball paradigm and the Go/No-go paradigm. Together, the behavioral and electroencephalogram results showed that text-only warnings had the lowest effectiveness, but there was little difference between the image-only and image-and-text warnings. The differences in the effects of the three warning signs were mainly in the areas of attention and cognitive control, implying differences in the underlying cognitive processes. Therefore, in the design of warning signs, the effects of different design attributes on cognitive processing should be taken into account based on actual needs in order to improve the effectiveness of the signs.

Dans un contexte de menace d’un catholicisme triomphant, les années 1620 connaissent un fort engagement pamphlétaire des puritains, dirigé contre la politique pro-espagnole de Jacques VI/Ier. Elles révèlent l’affirmation d’un phénomène nouveau, d’un puritanisme politique qui adopte une stratégie offensive de communication par l’imprimé et par l’image. With the threat of a triumphant Catholicism ever-present in the background, the 1620s saw the Puritans committed to a strong pamphleteering effort directed against the pro-Spanish policy of James VI/I. They reveal the affirmation of a new phenomenon, a political Puritanism that adopted an offensive strategy of communication through print and image.

Resumo Este texto enfoca um conjunto de imagens de Madre Paulina, mulher canonizada pela Igreja Católica em 2002 e que tem seu santuário no sul do Brasil. Esculturas com distintas características participam dos esforços de difusão da devoção à santa. A análise da produção dessas imagens - e suas reproduções em suportes variados - é realizada tendo como referência discussões antropológicas sobre representação e presentificação. Argumenta-se que não é necessário opor estas duas ideias, e a análise demonstra que a multiplicação de representações da santa, com a sua produção de variações, combina-se com o projeto de atrair pessoas para sua devoção. Para a constituição dos dados da pesquisa, foram utilizadas observações nos locais onde as imagens estão, bem como entrevistas com religiosas da congregação que administra o santuário e com os manufaturadores das esculturas da santa. Resumen Este texto se centra en un conjunto de imágenes de Madre Paulina, mujer canonizada por la Iglesia Católica en 2002 y que tiene su santuario en el sur de Brasil. Esculturas de diferentes características participan en la labor de difusión de la devoción a la santa. El análisis de la producción de estas imágenes -y sus reproducciones en diversos medios- se realiza en diálogo con las discusiones antropológicas sobre representación y presentificación. Se argumenta que no es necesario oponer estas dos ideas, y el análisis demuestra que la multiplicación de representaciones de la santa, con su producción de variaciones, se vincula con el proyecto de atraer a la gente a su devoción. Para la configuración de los datos de la investigación se utilizaron observaciones en los lugares donde se encuentran las imágenes, así como entrevistas con religiosos de la congregación que administra el santuario y con los fabricantes de las esculturas de la santa. Abstract The present text focuses on a set of images of Madre Paulina, a woman canonized by the Catholic Church in 2002, whose sanctuary is in southern Brazil. Sculptures containing different characteristics are part of the efforts to spread devotion to the saint. An analysis of the production of these images - and their reproductions in various media - is carried out with reference to anthropological discussions rergarding representation and presentification. It is argued that it is not necessary to oppose these two ideas, as analysis demonstrates that the multiplication of representations of the saint, with its subsequent production of variations, is combined with a project of attracting devotees. Observations at places where the images are located, as well as interviews with leaders of the congregation that administers the sanctuary and with the manufacturers of the sculptures of the saint, form the basis of these observations and analyses.

Purpose. The objective of this study was to analyse the possibilities of using 4D CT scanning for the tracking of patients’ mandibles. Methods. A clinical 256-slice Revolution CT was used in obtaining 4D CT scans without table movement, with a novel mandibular phantom, mounted on a programmable six degrees-of-freedom Stewart Platform in motion. The phantom was used to simulate mandibular motions which are combinations of rotations with translations (depression, elevation, protrusion, retrusion and laterotrusion). The phantom was scanned five times during identical motion patterns with a dynamic CT acquisition protocol. An image processing workflow consisting of a pairwise rigid registration and semi-automatic segmentation was developed to extract kinematic parameters (cardan angles and point-of-interest displacements) from the dynamic sequences. Reproducibility was investigated by the 95% confidence interval and the absorbed organ dose to organs of interest in the primary beam were also estimated and compared to those of a standard CT scan of the brain Results. The maximum average 95% confidence interval for the displacement across all time points for the five repetitions was 0.61 mm (Y axis). In terms of rotations, the maximum average 95% confidence interval across all time points for the five repetitions was 1.39° (X axis). The effective dose for the dynamic scan was found to be 1.3 mSv, for a CTDIvol of 63.95 mGy and a DLP of 1023.14 mGycm. The absorbed organ doses were similar to organ doses during a clinical head CT scan. Conclusions. A framework is proposed to use 4D CT scanning as a possible methodology to evaluate the motion of the temporomandibular joint. The scanning protocol allows to visualise the motion by applying a semi-automated segmentation and registration. A graphical representation of all displacements in the three spatial dimensions can depict multiple points-of-interest at once during the same acquisition. A novel type of phantom was also introduced which simulates mandibular movement with six degrees-of-freedom (three translations and three rotations).

Research shows that natural environments have a beneficial effect on cognition and mental health. However, there is limited understanding of what properties within environments are most beneficial. Research in this area is limited by a lack of standardised, open-source, rated image databases dedicated to natural scenes. In this study we will address this by having participants rate images from a database of 500 natural images on specific cognitive restoration properties (pleasantness, familiarity etc.) as well as approach-avoidance, arousal and valence. Physical characteristics of the images will also be reported. Participants will also provide demographic information to understand how individual differences might affect how people rate natural environments. The outcome of this will be a standardised database of rated images which are freely available to facilitate research in this area.

We present a first-look analysis of the JWST ERO data in the SMACS J0723.3-7327 cluster field. We begin by reporting 10 new spectroscopic redshifts from $\lambda_\mathrm{obs}=1.8-5.2\mu$m NIRSpec medium-resolution ($R=\lambda/\Delta\lambda = 1000$) data. These are determined via multiple high-SNR emission line detections, with 5 objects at $1 < z < 3$ displaying multiple rest-frame near-infrared Hydrogen Paschen lines, and 5 objects at $5 < z < 9$ displaying rest-frame optical Oxygen and Hydrogen Balmer lines. For the 5 higher-redshift galaxies we extract fluxes in 6 NIRCam bands spanning $\lambda_\mathrm{obs}=0.8-5\mu$m and perform spectral energy distribution fitting, in combination with existing HST photometry. The $7 < z < 9$ objects exhibit a U-shaped pattern across the F277W, F356W and F444W bands, indicating a Balmer break seen in emission (Balmer jump) and high-equivalent-width [O\,\textsc{iii}] emission. This indicates an extremely young stellar population, with the bulk of the current mass having formed within the past 10 Myr. We report robust stellar masses and mean stellar ages from our spectral fitting, with the four $z > 6$ galaxies exhibiting low stellar masses from log$_{10}(M_*/$M$_\odot)=7.1-8.2$ and correspondingly young mean stellar ages of only a few Myr. This work highlights the critical importance of combining large upcoming NIRCam surveys with NIRSpec follow-up to measure the spectroscopic redshifts necessary to robustly constrain physical parameters., Comment: 5 pages, 2 figures, 2 tables, accepted for publication in MNRAS Letters

Concepts in dealing with other cultures and religions have an effect on children and young people via concrete representations. This interaction is to be shown using the example of the concept of missionary education, which dominated until the last century. The immanent hegemonic and asymmetrical thought patterns of this Eurocentric view of the global world can be tracked by means of concrete representations, e.g. images, artefacts and calls to action, to their effects which can be derived from autobiographic descriptions., Konzepte im Umgang mit anderen Kulturen und Religionen wirken über konkrete Repräsentationen auf Kinder und Jugendliche ein. Dieses Zusammenspiel soll exemplarisch am missionspädagogischen Konzept gezeigt werden, das bis ins letzte Jahrhundert hinein dominierte. Die immanenten hegemonialen und asymmetrischen Denkmuster dieser eurozentrischen Sicht auf die globale Welt lassen sich über die konkreten Repräsentationen, z.B. Bilder, Artefakte und Handlungsaufforderungen, bis hin zu den Wirkungen nachverfolgen, die aus autobiografischen Darstellungen erhoben werden., Österr. Religionspädagogisches Forum, 31, 1 p. 185-207