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La inestabilidad en un sistema de Torres y Líneas de Transmisión, se debe a las tensiones de tracción que se presentan en el acoplamiento entre el sistema y los conductores. El análisis que se detalla a continuación se aplica a una terna de conductores de una fase para una Torre de 500 kv. Este estudio se centra en examinar los esfuerzos y las tensiones que se presentan sobre la estructura y sobre cada uno de los conductores que conforman la terna, a causa del impacto del viento sobre ellos, con el objetivo de obtener el comportamiento de las siguientes variables: Distribución de presiones, Coeficiente de momento total: Cm, Coeficiente de arrastre total: Cd, Coeficiente de sustentación total: Cl, Coeficiente de elevación frontal total: Cl (f), Coeficiente de elevación trasera total: Cl (r).

Among other numerical issues, it is well known that the finite element method (FEM) lacks objectivity in reproducing high deformation rates due to extreme external actions. In geotechnical applications, the coupling of large solid deformations with the pore fluid flow is a critical subject, being one of the multiple scenarios where FEM could have restricted applications. In order to overcome the aforementioned numerical drawbacks, the generic theoretical approach presented in this work is implemented in the context of an explicit numerical method known as the material point method (MPM). Since the MPM can be viewed as a special Lagrangian FEM with particle quadrature and continuous mesh updating, the improved formulation and numerical implementation presented here are well suited for the study of coupled water pore pressure and soil deformation models. One important aspect of the presented coupled formulation is the assumption of two independent sets of Lagrangian material points for each phase. This characteristic leads to a numerical tool oriented to large deformations simulations in saturated porous media, with a fully coupled thermodynamically consistent formulation. To illustrate its robustness and accuracy, the approach is applied to two different real engineering applications: progressive failure modeling of a granular slope and river levees. The obtained results show that the physics of fluid flow through porous media is adequately represented in each analyzed case. It is also proved that it accurately represents the kinematics of soil skeleton and water phase for fully saturated cases, ensuring mass conservation of all constituents.

Both modern humans (MHs) and Neanderthals successfully settled across western Eurasian cold-climate landscapes. Among the many adaptations considered as essential to survival in such landscapes, changes in the nasal morphology and/or function aimed to humidify and warm the air before it reaches the lungs are of key importance. Unfortunately, the lack of soft-tissue evidence in the fossil record turns difficult any comparative study of respiratory performance. Here, we reconstruct the internal nasal cavity of a Neanderthal plus two representatives of climatically divergent MH populations (southwestern Europeans and northeastern Asians). The reconstruction includes mucosa distribution enabling a realistic simulation of the breathing cycle in different climatic conditions via computational fluid dynamics. Striking across-specimens differences in fluid residence times affecting humidification and warming performance at the anterior tract were found under cold/dry climate simulations. Specifically, the Asian model achieves a rapid air conditioning, followed by the Neanderthals, whereas the European model attains a proper conditioning only around the medium-posterior tract. In addition, quantitative-genetic evolutionary analyses of nasal morphology provided signals of stabilizing selection for MH populations, with the removal of Arctic populations turning covariation patterns compatible with evolution by genetic drift. Both results indicate that, departing from important craniofacial differences existing among Neanderthals and MHs, an advantageous species-specific respiratory performance in cold climates may have occurred in both species. Fluid dynamics and evolutionary biology independently provided evidence of nasal evolution, suggesting that adaptive explanations regarding complex functional phenotypes require interdisciplinary approaches aimed to quantify both performance and evolutionary signals on covariation patterns. Fil: de Azevedo, Soledad. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagónico. Instituto Patagónico de Ciencias Sociales y Humanas; Argentina Fil: González, M. F.. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagónico. Instituto Patagónico de Ciencias Sociales y Humanas; Argentina Fil: Cintas, Celia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagónico. Instituto Patagónico de Ciencias Sociales y Humanas; Argentina Fil: Ramallo, Virginia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagónico. Instituto Patagónico de Ciencias Sociales y Humanas; Argentina Fil: Quinto Sanchez, Mirsha Emmanuel. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; México Fil: Marquez, Federico. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagónico. Instituto de Biología de Organismos Marinos; Argentina Fil: Hünemeier, Tábita. Universidade de Sao Paulo; Brasil Fil: Paschetta, Carolina Andrea. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagónico. Instituto Patagónico de Ciencias Sociales y Humanas; Argentina Fil: Ruderman, Anahí. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagónico. Instituto Patagónico de Ciencias Sociales y Humanas; Argentina Fil: Navarro, Jose Pablo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagónico. Instituto Patagónico de Ciencias Sociales y Humanas; Argentina Fil: Pazos, Bruno Alfredo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagónico. Instituto Patagónico de Ciencias Sociales y Humanas; Argentina Fil: Silva de Cerqueira, Caio Cesar. Superintendência da Polícia Técnico-Científica do Estado de São Paulo, Equipe de Perícias Criminalísticas de Ourinhos; Brasil Fil: Velan, O.. Hospital Italiano; Argentina Fil: Ramírez Rozzi, F.. Anthropologie Moléculaire et Imagerie de Synthèse; Francia Fil: Calvo, N.. Universidad Nacional del Litoral; Argentina Fil: Castro, Hugo Guillermo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste. Instituto de Modelado e Innovación Tecnológica. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Naturales y Agrimensura. Instituto de Modelado e Innovación Tecnológica; Argentina Fil: Paz, Rodrigo Rafael. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Livermore Software Technology Corporation.; Estados Unidos Fil: González José, Rolando. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagónico. Instituto Patagónico de Ciencias Sociales y Humanas; Argentina

The interest in synthetic methods relies in the fact that reliability of methodologies such as large eddy simulations (LES) or direct numerical simulations strongly depends on how well the developed turbulence is characterized, which generally leads to computationally expensive simulations. Turbulence generation methods allow the initialization and up-keeping of the velocity fluctuations field to promote the observed/needed turbulence in the flow. In this work the methodology known as ‘modified discretizing and synthesizing random flow generation’ (MDSRFG) jointly with a LES method is analyzed for its use in the study of tall building aerodynamics. A comparison with other generation techniques, that are closely related by their features and their conceptual origins, is presented with particular emphasis on the correct representation of the coherence of the velocity field. Particularly, an expression for the coherency function for the MDSRFG is derived. After an analysis and revision of these generation methodologies, the turbulent air flow around a rectangular prismatic model is computationally simulated. A comparison of the results obtained from different methods is performed. The resulting wind loads on the model, along with the statistical characteristics of the flow, show that the MDSRFG technique allows to represent a field of spatially correlated velocities correctly. Fil: Castro, Hugo Guillermo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional. Facultad Regional Resistencia. Grupo de Investigación en Mecanica de Fluidos; Argentina Fil: Paz, Rodrigo Rafael. Livermore Software Technology Corporation; Estados Unidos. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe. Centro de Investigaciones en Métodos Computacionales. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Centro de Investigaciones en Métodos Computacionales; Argentina Fil: Mroginski, Javier Luis. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Facultad de Ingeniería; Argentina Fil: Storti, Mario Alberto. Universidad Nacional del Litoral; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe. Centro de Investigaciones en Métodos Computacionales. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Centro de Investigaciones en Métodos Computacionales; Argentina

It is well known that the numerical solution of evolutionary systems and problems based on topological design requires a high computational power. In the last years, many parallel algorithms have been developed in order to improve its performance. Among them, genetic algorithms (GAs) are one of the most popular metaheuristic algorithms inspired by Darwin´s evolution theory. From the High Performance Computing (HPC) point of view, the CUDA environment is probably the parallel computing platform and programming model that more heyday has had in recent years, mainly due to the low acquisition cost of graphics processing units (GPUs) compared to a cluster with similar functional characteristics. Consequently, the number of GPU-CUDAs present in the top 500 fastest supercomputers in the world is constantly growing. In this paper, a numerical algorithm developed in the NVIDIA CUDA platform capable of solving classical optimization functions usually employed as benchmarks is presented. The obtained results demonstrate that GPUs are a valuable tool for acceleration of GAs and may enable its use in much complex problems. Also, a sensitivity analysis is carried out in order to show the relative weight of each GA operator in the whole computational cost of the algorithm. Fil: Mroginski, Javier Luis. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Facultad de Ingeniería; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste; Argentina Fil: Castro, Hugo Guillermo. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional. Facultad Reg. Resistencia; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste. Instituto de Modelado e Innovación Tecnológica. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Naturales y Agrimensura. Instituto de Modelado e Innovación Tecnológica; Argentina

In the present work the problem of generating synthesized turbulence at inflow boundaries of the simulation domain is addresed in the context of the Large Eddy Simulation (LES) method. To represent adequately certain statistical properties of a turbulent process, we propose a synthesized turbulence method which is based on previous works and . For this purpose, time and space correlations are introduced strictly in the mathematical formulation of the synthetic turbulence inflow data. It is demonstrated that the proposed approach inherits the properties of the methods on which it is based while presents some particular advantages as well. The strategy of imposing conditions on the inlet velocity field through turbulence synthesis is implemented in the parallel multiphysics code called PETSc-FEM (http://www.cimec.org.ar/petscfem) primarily targeted to calculations throughout finite elements on general unstructured 2D and 3D grids. We present several numerical tests in order to validate and evaluate the method describing the dynamic phenomena that take place in "real-life" problems, such as a swirling turbulent flow inside a diffuser and the airflow around a vehicle model inside a wind tunnel at high Reynolds number. Fil: Castro, Hugo Guillermo. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional. Facultad Regional Resistencia. Grupo de Investigación en Mecanica de Fluidos; Argentina Fil: Paz, Rodrigo Rafael. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico. Centro de Investigación de Métodos Computacionales; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Santa Fe. Instituto de Desarrollo Tecnológico para la Industria Química (i); Argentina

In this paper we introduce and describe an efficient thread-safe matrix library for computing element/cell residuals and Jacobians in Finite Elements and Finite Volume-like codes. The library provides a wide range of multi-index tensor operations that are normally used in scientific numerical computations. The library implements an algorithm for choosing the optimal computation order when a product of several tensors is performed (i.e., the so-called ?multi-product? operation). Another key-point of the FastMat approach is that some computations (for instance the optimal order in the multi-product operation mentioned before) are computed in the first iteration of the loop body and stored in a cache object, so that in the second and subsequent executions these computations are retrieved from the cache, and then not recomputed. The library is open source and freely available within the multi-physics parallel FEM code PETSc-FEM http://www.cimec.org.ar/petscfem and it can be exploited on distributed and shared memory architectures as well as in hybrid approaches. We studied the performance of the library in the context of typical FEM tensor contractions. Fil: Paz, Rodrigo Rafael. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe. Instituto de Desarrollo Tecnológico Para la Industria Química. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Instituto de Desarrollo Tecnológico Para la Industria Química; Argentina Fil: Storti, Mario Alberto. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe. Instituto de Desarrollo Tecnológico Para la Industria Química. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Instituto de Desarrollo Tecnológico Para la Industria Química; Argentina Fil: Dalcin, Lisandro Daniel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe. Instituto de Desarrollo Tecnológico Para la Industria Química. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Instituto de Desarrollo Tecnológico Para la Industria Química; Argentina Fil: Castro, Hugo Guillermo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe. Instituto de Desarrollo Tecnológico Para la Industria Química. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Instituto de Desarrollo Tecnológico Para la Industria Química; Argentina Fil: Kler, Pablo Alejandro. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe. Instituto de Desarrollo Tecnológico para la Industria Química. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Instituto de Desarrollo Tecnológico para la Industria Química; Argentina

La optimización de los métodos de cálculo, junto al avance de la tecnología en la construcción de estructuras civiles, permiten actualmente diseñar y construir estructuras cada vez más livianas, de baja rigidez y amortiguamiento, transformándolas en elementos altamente sensibles a los efectos dinámicos inducidos por la acción del viento. El objetivo de este trabajo es el de describir y aplicar una metodología sencilla de cálculo que permita la determinación de la respuesta dinámica longitudinal en el dominio del tiempo de estructuras altas sometidas a la acción del viento. El campo de velocidad de viento se reproduce mediante series de velocidad que incluyen la función de coherencia, para luego transformarlas en fuerzas nodales fluctuantes utilizando el modelo de carga cuasi-estático. Para incluir el efecto de promediado imperfecto asociado a los nodos discretizados, se incorpora además la función de admitancia aerodinámica. Mediante la metodología propuesta se analizan dos estructuras ampliamente estudiadas por otros autores, las cuales consisten en una torre de acero y el CAARC Standard Tall Building. Los resultados así obtenidos presentan concordancia con los reportados por la bibliografía de referencia. The optimization of computing methods along with the advance of construction technology of civil structures, allow nowadays to design and build lighter and low stiffness and damping structures, turning them into elements of high sensitivity against wind-induced dynamic effects. The purpose of this work is to describe and to apply a simple calculation methodology that enables the determination of the longitudinal dynamic response of tall buildings in time domain. The wind velocity field is reproduced by velocity series that incorporate the coherence function which then are transformed into fluctuating nodal forces using the quasi-static loading model. Furthermore, to include the effect of imperfect averaging associated with the discretized nodes, the aerodynamic admittance function is added. Through the proposed methodology two structures widely studied by other authors are analyzed: a steel tower and the CAARC Standard Tall Building. The results thus obtained show agreement with those reported in the literature. Fil: Castro, Hugo Guillermo. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional. Facultad Regional Resistencia. Grupo de Investigación en Mecanica de Fluidos; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina Fil: de Bortoli, Mario Eduardo. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Facultad de Ingeniería; Argentina Fil: Paz, Rodrigo Rafael. Livermore Software Technology Corporation.; Estados Unidos. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina Fil: Marighetti, Jorge Omar. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Facultad de Ingeniería; Argentina