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1. Efficiency and beam quality for positron acceleration in loaded plasma wakefields

Author

Hue, C. S., Cao, G. J., Andriyash, I. A., Knetsch, A., Hogan, M. J., Adli, E., Gessner, S., Corde, S., Laboratoire d'optique appliquée (LOA), École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées (ENSTA Paris)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Oslo (UiO), SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Stanford University, SLAC was supported by U.S. DOE Contract No. DE-AC02-76SF00515. The work at University of Oslo was supported by the Research Council of Norway, Grant No. 313770. Numerical simulations were performed using HPC resources from GENCI-TGCC (Grant No. 2020-A0080510786 and No. 2020-A0090510062) with the IRENE supercomputer, and using the Open Source version [47] of the QuickPIC code [45,46], a 3D parallel (MPI & OpenMP Hybrid) Quasi-Static Particle-In-Cell code, European Project: M-PAC, and HEP, INSPIRE

Subjects
Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph), [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-GEN-PH] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/General Physics [physics.gen-ph], [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-ACC-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Accelerator Physics [physics.acc-ph], energy spectrum, FOS: Physical sciences, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-ACC-PH] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Accelerator Physics [physics.acc-ph], plasma: wake field, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-GEN-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/General Physics [physics.gen-ph], Physics - Plasma Physics, beam loading, Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph), beam emittance, quality, efficiency, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-PLASM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Plasma Physics [physics.plasm-ph], Physics::Plasma Physics, positron: acceleration, Physics::Accelerator Physics, Physics - Accelerator Physics, numerical calculations
Abstract

International audience; Accelerating particles to high energies in plasma wakefields is considered to be a promising technique with good energy efficiency and high gradient. While important progress has been made in plasma-based electron acceleration, positron acceleration in plasma has been scarcely studied and a fully self-consistent and optimal scenario has not yet been identified. For high energy physics applications where an electron-positron collider would be desired, the ability to accelerate positrons in plasma wakefields is, however, paramount. Here we show that the preservation of beam quality can be compromised in a plasma wakefield loaded with a positron beam, and a tradeoff between energy efficiency and beam quality needs to be found. For electron beams driving linear plasma wakefields, we have found that despite the transversely nonlinear focusing force induced by positron beam loading, the bunch quickly evolves toward an equilibrium distribution with limited emittance growth. Particle-in-cell simulations show that for μm-scale normalized emittance, the growth of uncorrelated energy spread sets an important limit. Our results demonstrate that the linear or moderately nonlinear regimes with Gaussian drivers provide a good tradeoff, achieving simultaneously energy-transfer efficiencies exceeding 30% and uncorrelated energy spread below 1%, while donut-shaped drivers in the nonlinear regime are more appropriate to accelerate high-charge bunches at higher gradients, at the cost of a degraded tradeoff between efficiency and beam quality.

Published
2021
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2. Microbial-host co-metabolites are prodromal markers predicting phenotypic heterogeneity in behavior, obesity, and impaired glucose tolerance

Author

Dumas, M-E, Rothwell, AR, Hoyles, L, Aranias, T, Chilloux, J, Calderari, S, Noll, EM, Péan, N, Boulangé, CL, Blancher, C, Barton, RH, Gu, Q, Fearnside, JF, Deshayes, C, Hue, C, Scott, J, Nicholson, JK, Gauguier, D, Division of Computational and Systems Medicine, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), Sorbonne Université (SU), Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers (CRC), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Division of Computational and Systems Medicine, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Biologie du Développement et Reproduction (BDR), École nationale vétérinaire - Alfort (ENVA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Department of Medicine, Wellcome Trust 06678 057733, European Commission FGENTCARD LSHG-CT-2006-037683, Medical Research Council MR/L01632X/1, MRC Intermediate Research Fellowship in Data Science (UK MED-BIO) MR/L01632X/1, Nestle RDLS015375, European Project: 305312, ProdInra, Archive Ouverte, Metagenomics in Cardiometabolic Diseases - 305312 - INCOMING, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), University of Oxford [Oxford], Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), École nationale vétérinaire d'Alfort (ENVA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Wellcome Trust, Commission of the European Communities, Medical Research Council (MRC), Université Pierre et Marie Curie (Paris 6), Sorbonne Universités, Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Biologie du développement et reproduction (BDR), and École nationale vétérinaire d'Alfort (ENVA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
anxiete, Blood Glucose, Male, obesity, insulin secretion, HIGH-FAT DIET, HUMAN GUT MICROBIOME, microbiome, TMAO, Anxiety, natural phenotypic variation, trimethylamine-N-oxide, Article, Cell Line, BACTERIAL METABOLITES, Methylamines, Mice, ENDOPLASMIC-RETICULUM STRESS, CONTAINING MONOOXYGENASE 3, sécrétion d'insuline, Insulin-Secreting Cells, [SDV.BDD] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Development Biology, Glucose Intolerance, Adipocytes, anxiety disorder, Animals, Insulin, lcsh:QH301-705.5, [SDV.BDD]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Development Biology, Science & Technology, UNFOLDED PROTEIN RESPONSE, Lipogenesis, CHEMICAL CHAPERONES, Cell Biology, Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress, Oxidants, INSULIN-RESISTANT MICE, L-CARNITINE, Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Mice, Inbred C57BL, obésité, Phenotype, impaired glucose tolerance, lcsh:Biology (General), Host-Pathogen Interactions, Metabolome, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, transcriptome, Biomarkers
Abstract

Summary The influence of the gut microbiome on metabolic and behavioral traits is widely accepted, though the microbiome-derived metabolites involved remain unclear. We carried out untargeted urine 1H-NMR spectroscopy-based metabolic phenotyping in an isogenic C57BL/6J mouse population (n = 50) and show that microbial-host co-metabolites are prodromal (i.e., early) markers predicting future divergence in metabolic (obesity and glucose homeostasis) and behavioral (anxiety and activity) outcomes with 94%–100% accuracy. Some of these metabolites also modulate disease phenotypes, best illustrated by trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO), a product of microbial-host co-metabolism predicting future obesity, impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), and behavior while reducing endoplasmic reticulum stress and lipogenesis in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Chronic in vivo TMAO treatment limits IGT in HFD-fed mice and isolated pancreatic islets by increasing insulin secretion. We highlight the prodromal potential of microbial metabolites to predict disease outcomes and their potential in shaping mammalian phenotypic heterogeneity., Graphical Abstract, Highlights • High-fat diet drives phenotypic heterogeneity in metabolism and behavior • Microbial metabolites, including methylamines, predict phenotypic heterogeneity • TMAO attenuates ER stress and reduces lipogenesis in adipocytes • TMAO improves insulin secretion and restores glucose tolerance in vivo, Dumas et al. study the metabolic and behavioral phenotypic heterogeneity induced by a high-fat diet intervention in an isogenic mouse population model. Using 1H-NMR spectroscopy, they identify pre-interventional urinary metabolic signatures (including microbial-host co-metabolites) predicting future phenotypic heterogeneity. In particular, TMAO corrects endoplasmic reticulum stress and glucose tolerance.

Published
2018
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3. Two molecules newly identified by Mass Spectrometry in fermented cocoa beans have a strong impact on chocolate sensory quality

Author

Noémie Fayeulle, Anna Vallverdu Queralt, Jean Claude Boulet, Roger, J. M., Hue, C., Boulanger, R., Veronique Cheynier, Nicolas Sommerer, Sciences Pour l'Oenologie (SPO), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [Nouvelle-Calédonie])-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [Nouvelle-Calédonie])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)

Subjects
education, food and beverages, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, humanities, health care economics and organizations
Abstract

Two molecules newly identified by Mass Spectrometry in fermented cocoa beans have a strong impact on chocolate sensory quality. International Symposium on cocoa research

Published
2017

4. Fast discrimination of chocolates from mass spectrometry fingerprints of cocoa polyphenols

Author

Noémie Fayeulle, Chapel, S., Anna Vallverdu Queralt, Florine Grolet, Jean Claude Boulet, Roger, J. M., Hue, C., Boulanger, R., Veronique Cheynier, Nicolas Sommerer, Sciences Pour l'Oenologie (SPO), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [Nouvelle-Calédonie])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [Nouvelle-Calédonie])-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)

Subjects
[SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology
Abstract

Fast discrimination of chocolates from mass spectrometry fingerprints of cocoa polyphenols. SMMAP 2017 (Spectrométrie de Masse, Métabolomique et Analyse Protéomique)

Published
2017

5. Gut microbial metabolomic predictors of dietary-induced obesity and diabetes

Author

Marc-Emmanuel Dumas, Hoyles, L., Chilloux, J., Calderari, S., Rothwell, A., Boulange, Cl, Gu, Q., Hue, C., Fearnside, Jf, Scott, J., Nicholson, Jk, Gauguier, D., Division of Computational and Systems Medicine, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), University of Oxford [Oxford], The Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics [Oxford], MetaCardis (HEALTH-F4-2012-305312), American Diabetes Association (ADA). USA., ProdInra, Migration, and University of Oxford

Subjects
[SDV.MHEP.EM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Endocrinology and metabolism, [SDV.MHEP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, [SDV.MHEP.EM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Endocrinology and metabolism, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology
Abstract

International audience; Phenotype heterogeneity is classically infl uenced by genetic, epigenetic and environmental factors but the gut microbiome is also thought to contribute to this phenomenon. Here we studied a population of 50 isogenic C57BL/6J mice developing a range of dietary-induced diabetes, obesity and anxiety sub-phenotypes after 20 days of high-fat feeding. We then profi led the urinary metabolome of these mice by untargeted 1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectroscopy before high-fat-diet feeding and sequentially afterwards. Multivariate statistical models were constructed to predict phenotype heterogeneity and disease sub-phenotypes (lean non diabetics, lean diabetics, obese diabetics) from using baseline metabolic profi les. Among the markers, we found that excretion of gut microbial detoxifi cation metabolites such as phenylacetylglycine (PAG), hippurate, dimethylamine and trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) was strongly predictive of obesity and disease sub-phenotypes, insulin resistance, body/organ weights as well as anxiety/activity outcomes. Genome-wide adipose tissue gene expression profi ling tissue suggests that TMAO excretion correlates with reduced lipogenesis and insulin action. We then set up cellular investigations to further document the causative role of these microbial metabolites. For instance, we tested whether TMAO, PAG, hippurate affect cellular phenotypes associated with obesity and diabetes, through inhibition of in vitro cell differentiation, glucose uptake and lipid accumulation in adipocytes. This work describes new mechanistic detail that underpins the role of the microbiome in cardiovascular disease and also suggests future possibilities for disease prognosis based on microbial signatures and new therapeutic interventional approaches.

Published
2014
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6. Clinical and pathological findings in a striped dolphin (Stenella coeruleoalba) during a three rehabilitation attempt

Author

Hue, C., Abadie, J., Alonso-Farré, J. M., Chekchak, T., Menard, M. F., and Pineau, S.

Abstract

1 page.-- Fourteenth Annual Conference of the European Cetacean Society, Cork, Ireland, 2-5 April 2000, To date, only a few rehabilitation attempts of striped dolphin have been reported. This is the first published case of dolphin rehabilitation in France. On 17 August 1999, a male striped dolphin was fotutd shanded alive on the beach of Armanville (Norrnandy). After clinical evaluation, members of CERMAM decided to transport the animal to their facilities by helicopter. The dolphin was placed into a pool and a complete clinical examination was performed, including mrltiple analysis and diaguostic imaging. Blood samples were routinely taken and the bebaviour was monitored 24 hours a day. Serology for Brucella and Morbillivirus was also undertaken

Published
2000

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