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Chao-Jen Li,1,* Hung-Wen Tsai,2,* Yi-Li Chen,3 Chun-I Wang,4 Yang-Hsiang Lin,5 Pei-Ming Chu,6,7 Hsiang-Cheng Chi,8,9 Yi-Ching Huang,3 Cheng-Yi Chen3 1Department of General & Gastroenterological Surgery, An Nan Hospital, China Medical University, Tainan, Taiwan; 2Department of Pathology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; 3Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; 4Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; 5Liver Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan; 6Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; 7Department of Medical Education, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; 8Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; 9Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Cheng-Yi Chen, Tel/Fax +886-6-2353535#5329, Email cychen@gs.ncku.edu.twIntroduction: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) accounts for 80% of all liver cancers and is the 2nd leading cause of cancer-related death in Taiwan. Various factors, including rapid cell growth, a high recurrence rate and drug resistance, make HCC difficult to cure. Moreover, the survival rate of advanced HCC patients treated with systemic chemotherapy remains unsatisfactory. Hence, the identification of novel molecular targets and the underlying mechanisms of chemoresistance in HCC and the development more effective therapeutic regimens are desperately needed.Methods: An MTT assay was used to determine the cell viability after cisplatin or doxorubicin treatment. Western blotting, qRT‒PCR and immunohistochemistry were utilized to examine the protein tyrosine phosphatase IVA3 (PTP4A3) level and associated signaling pathways. ELISA was utilized to analyze the levels of the inflammatory cytokine IL-6 influenced by cisplatin, doxorubicin and PTP4A3 silencing.Results: In this study, we found that PTP4A3 in the cisplatin/doxorubicin-resistant microarray was closely associated with the overall and recurrence-free survival rates of HCC patients. Cisplatin or doxorubicin significantly reduced cell viability and decreased PTP4A3 expression in hepatoma cells. IL-6 secretion increased with cisplatin or doxorubicin treatment and after PTP4A3 silencing. Furthermore, PTP4A3 was highly expressed in tumor tissues versus adjacent normal tissues from HCC patients. In addition, we evaluated the IL-6-associated signaling pathway involving STAT3 and JAK2, and the levels of p-STAT3, p-JAK2, STAT3 and JAK2 were obviously reduced with cisplatin or doxorubicin treatment in HCC cells using Western blotting and were also decreased after silencing PTP4A3. Collectively, we suggest that cisplatin or doxorubicin decreases HCC cell viability via downregulation of PTP4A3 expression through the IL-6R-JAK2-STAT3 cascade.Discussion: Therefore, emerging evidence provides a deep understanding of the roles of PTP4A3 in HCC cisplatin/doxorubicin chemoresistance, which can be applied to develop early diagnosis strategies and reveal prognostic factors to establish novel targeted therapeutics to specifically treat HCC.Keywords: hepatocellular carcinoma, chemoresistance, cisplatin, doxorubicin, PTP4A3, IL-6

This chapter presents a research project on Laban Motion Analysis (LMA) in Taiwan. Motion capture has collected an extensive profile of human movements with LMA methodology during the three years of research. In total, over 1500 data sets were recorded and stored in MotionDB. The Digital Motion Capture and Data Mining results show that the recognition and reconstruction of LMA properties is feasible. From Data Mining results and data mapping technology, the sensors have been integrated into a 3-in-1 sensor technology, the LMA sensors. From the analysis of various kinematical quantities in MotionDB, the mapping function between properties and the related quantities of each body parts can be identified by computer techniques like Data Mining Process. The practical implementation applying LMA sensor is the interactive Rotation Chair. In response to the increasing need in the healthcare sector, other new exercise machines are being designed.

Human and AI are increasingly interacting and collaborating to accomplish various complex tasks in the context of diverse application domains (e.g., healthcare, transportation, and creative design). Two dynamic, learning entities (AI and human) have distinct mental model, expertise, and ability; such fundamental difference/mismatch offers opportunities for bringing new perspectives to achieve better results. However, this mismatch can cause unexpected failure and result in serious consequences. While recent research has paid much attention to enhancing interpretability or explainability to allow machine to explain how it makes a decision for supporting humans, this research argues that there is urging the need for both human and AI should develop specific, corresponding ability to interact and collaborate with each other to form a human-AI team to accomplish superior results. This research introduces a conceptual framework called "Co-Learning," in which people can learn with/from and grow with AI partners over time. We characterize three key concepts of co-learning: "mutual understanding," "mutual benefits," and "mutual growth" for facilitating human-AI collaboration on complex problem solving. We will present proof-of-concepts to investigate whether and how our approach can help human-AI team to understand and benefit each other, and ultimately improve productivity and creativity on creative problem domains. The insights will contribute to the design of Human-AI collaboration.

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of short periods of brisk walking on the quality of life (QOL) of workers in high technology industries. 86 workers were recruited from a high technology company in northern Taiwan who had not participated in regular physical activity within the last three months. They were randomly assigned to an experimental group (EG: Males=16, Females=25; mean age=33.34±6.40) and a control group (CG: Males=27, Females=18; mean age=29.40±3.59). The EG received an eight-week brisk walking intervention twice per week, each session covering the same distance (6km) with durations of 45 to 60 minutes, and maintaining the intensity at 60 to 90% of maximum heart rate (HRmax). The CG continued their normal daily routine. The Taiwanese version of the World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF (WHOQOL-BREF) was administered pre- and post-test to both groups. The eight-week brisk walking intervention programme enhanced the physical health domain (p

Engagement in regular physical activity is helpful in enhancing physical fitness, which greatly outweighs the potential risks involved.Pilates is a non-contact physical activity, as it involves no physical contact with other people. Pilates is considered a relatively safe physical activity.The purposeof the presentstudy was to explore the effect of the PolestarTM Pilates method of exercise on the body composition and cardiopulmonary fitness of adults. The design of the study was quasi-experimental. The experimental group comprised 53 participants (44 females, 9 males). The control group consisted of 35 participants (31 females, 4 males). Only the experimental group received PolestarTM Pilates exercise training, which was presented by a certified Pilates trainer. Both groups received a pre- and post-test of body composition and cardiopulmonary fitness. After 12 weeks of Pilates training, the cardiopulmonary fitness of the experimental group was significantly enhanced (p