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We consider distributed learning problem in games with an unknown cost-relevant parameter, and aim to find the Nash equilibrium while learning the true parameter. Inspired by the social learning literature, we propose a distributed non-Bayesian rule to learn the parameter (each agent maintains a belief on the parameter and updates the belief according to the received noisy cost), combined with best response dynamics for strategy update. The difficulty of the analysis lies mainly in the fact that the parameter learning process and strategy update process are coupled. We first prove that agents' beliefs converge to a common belief and the strategy profiles converge to a Nash equilibrium under this common belief. On this basis, we further show that the beliefs eventually concentrate on the true parameter.

Postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) is one of the most common types of chronic neuropathic pain, which seriously affects quality of the life because of pain severity and poor response to the currently available treatments. Ju Re Ba Du therapy as a form of acupuncture therapy which is proved to be effective in RCTs and very suitable for patients, has been used in Postherpetic neuralgia in patients for a long time, therefore a systematic review is necessary to provide available evidence for further study.

Upper limb dysfunction after stroke is one of the main causes of disability in middle-aged and elderly people. Limb motor dysfunction caused by stroke, especially the decline of upper limb motor function, directly affects the daily living ability of stroke patients with hemiplegia. After long-term clinical practice, the therapeutic effect of electrical stimulation methods on limb dysfunction after stroke has been widely recognized and supported by some guidelines and systematic reviews. However, which electrical stimulation method has the best effect on upper limb dysfunction after stroke remains a controversial issue. Network Meta-Analysis was used to prioritize different electrical stimulation methods in order to select the best electrical stimulation methods and discuss their rationality in guiding clinical practice.

No-regret learning has been widely used to compute a Nash equilibrium in two-person zero-sum games. However, there is still a lack of regret analysis for network stochastic zero-sum games, where players competing in two subnetworks only have access to some local information, and the cost functions include uncertainty. Such a game model can be found in security games, when a group of inspectors work together to detect a group of evaders. In this paper, we propose a distributed stochastic mirror descent (D-SMD) method, and establish the regret bounds $O(\sqrt{T})$ and $O(\log T)$ in the expected sense for convex-concave and strongly convex-strongly concave costs, respectively. Our bounds match those of the best known first-order online optimization algorithms. We then prove the convergence of the time-averaged iterates of D-SMD to the set of Nash equilibria. Finally, we show that the actual iterates of D-SMD almost surely converge to the Nash equilibrium in the strictly convex-strictly concave setting.

Additional file 1: Fig. S1. The phenotype of theB73 and Abe2 inbred lines at the flowering stage inHainan. Thered arrows point to the tassel and ear of abe2, respectively. Scale bar= 20 cm. Fig. S2. Correlation coefficients of floweringtime-related traits in different field trials. The heat map representsthe correlation strength (r) between the paired traits.Significance: *, P ≤ 0.05; **, P ≤ 0.01. DTH, days to heading; DTS,days to silking; DTA, days to anthesis; LA, number of leaves above the primaryear; LB, number of leaves below the primary ear; TLN, total leaf number. Hn andHf represent Hainan and Hefei, respectively, which are two locations in Chinawith distinct climates. Fig. S3. Correlation between the genetic and physicallocations of the polymorphic specific-locus amplified fragment markers.

Yuqi Tang,1,* Linjia Wang,2,* Jinxi He,3 Yipeng Xu,2 Shijie Huang,2 Yu Fang1 1Department of Neurology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, People’s Republic of China; 2School of Acu-Mox and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610075, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Pain, Sichuan Provincial Transportation Department Road Bureau Hospital, Chengdu, 611731, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Yu Fang Email fangyu@cdutcm.edu.cnBackground: The obstacle of limb motor caused by stroke, especially the decline of motor function of upper limbs, can directly affect the activities of daily living of stroke patients with hemiplegia. Based on long-term clinical practice, the treatment effect of electrical stimulation methods for stroke limb dysfunction has been widely recognized and supported by authoritative guidelines and systematic reviews. However, which electrical stimulation method is the optimum in the treatment of stroke limb dysfunction is still a controversial issue.Objective: In this paper, we adopted Network Meta-Analysis (NMA) to rank the priorities of various electrical stimulation methods, so as to select the optimal electrical stimulation method and discuss its rationality in guiding clinical practice.Methods: We carried out a systematic review by searching a total of 6806 studies from 8 databases and 2 clinical trial registries, and finally screened out 34 studies for further investigation. Then, pairwise meta-analysis and Bayesian network meta-analysis were employed to evaluate the effectiveness and ranking of various interventions. The primary outcome measure was Fugl-Meyer Assessment Upper Extremity (FMA-UE), and the secondary outcome measures were Modified Barthel Index (MBI) and Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS). Finally, the risk of bias, publication bias and sensitivity of the Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs) were evaluated.Results: On the basis of comprehensive rehabilitation treatment (RT), the Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) was superior than other electrical stimulation methods in improving both FMA-UE and MBI. Meanwhile, the results indicated that the Transcutaneous Electrical Acupoint Stimulation (TEAS) was the only electrical stimulation method that showed treatment advantages in reducing MAS.Conclusion: The study showed that FES had the optimal overall rehabilitation effect on upper limb dysfunction of stroke patients based on the comprehensive RT, while the treatment effect of TEAS on upper limb spasticity after stroke was the most significant.Keywords: network meta-analysis, electrical stimulation, stroke, upper limb dysfunction

In this paper, we consider a distributed learning problem in a subnetwork zero-sum game, where agents are competing in different subnetworks. These agents are connected through time-varying graphs where each agent has its own cost function and can receive information from its neighbors. We propose a distributed mirror descent algorithm for computing a Nash equilibrium and establish a sublinear regret bound on the sequence of iterates when the graphs are uniformly strongly connected and the cost functions are convex-concave. Moreover, we prove its convergence with suitably selected diminishing stepsizes for a strictly convex-concave cost function. We also consider a constant step-size variant of the algorithm and establish an asymptotic error bound between the cost function values of running average actions and a Nash equilibrium. In addition, we apply the algorithm to compute a mixed-strategy Nash equilibrium in subnetwork zero-sum finite-strategy games, which have merely convex-concave (to be specific, multilinear) cost functions, and obtain a final-iteration convergence result and an ergodic convergence result, respectively, under different assumptions.

Introduction: Postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) is one of the most common types of chronic neuropathic pain, which seriously affects quality of the life because of pain severity and poor response to the currently available treatments. Ju Re Ba Du therapy as a form of acupuncture therapy which is proved to be effective in RCTs and very suitable for patients, has been used in Postherpetic neuralgia in patients for a long time, therefore a systematic review is necessary to provide available evidence for further study. Methods and analysis: The following databases will be searched from their inception to October 2020: Electronic database includes PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Nature, Science online, VIP medicine information, and CNKI (China National Knowledge Infrastructure). Primary outcome: pain intensity assessed on a visual analogue scale (VAS); Additional outcomes: 1. Quality of life assessed by the 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36); 2. Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS); 3. Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS); 4. Sleep quality measured by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Data will be extracted by two researchers independently, risk of bias of the meta-analysis will be evaluated based on the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. All data analysis will be conducted by data statistics software Review Manager V.5.3. and Stata V.12.0. Results: The results of this study will systematically evaluate the effectiveness and safety of Ju Re Ba Du therapy intervention for people with Postherpetic neuralgia. Conclusion: The systematic review of this study will summarize the current published evidence of Ju Re Ba Du therapy for the treatment of Postherpetic neuralgia, which can further guide the promotion and application of it. Ethics and dissemination: This study is a systematic review, the outcomes are based on the published evidence, so examination and agreement by the ethics committee are not required in this study. We intend to publish the study results in a journal or conference presentations. OSF registration number: September 29, 2020 osf.io/r6y9b. (https://osf.io/r6y9b)

Introduction: The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of acupuncture for POSEIDON patients undergoing IVF/ICSI. Methods: and analysis We will electronically search Pubmed, Medline, Embase, Web of Science, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trial, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, China Biomedical Literature Database, China Science Journal Database and Wan-fang Database from their inception. Also, we will manually retrieve other resources, including reference lists of identified publications, conference articles, and grey literature. The clinical randomized controlled trials or quasi randomized controlled trials related to acupuncture treatment for POSEIDON patients in IVF/ICSI will be included in the study. The language is limited to Chinese and English. Research selection, data extraction, and research quality assessment will be independently completed by two researchers. Data were synthesized by using a fixed effect model or random effect model depend on the heterogeneity test. The clinical pregnancy rate (CPR) and live birth rate (LBR) will be the primary outcomes. The ongoing pregnancy, miscarriage rate (MR) and adverse events will also be assessed as secondary outcomes. RevMan V.5.3 statistical software will be used for meta-analysis, and the level of evidence will be assessed by Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE). Continuous data will be expressed in the form of weighted mean difference or standardized mean difference with 95% confidence intervals (CIs), while dichotomous data will be expressed in the form of relative risk with 95% CIs. Ethics and dissemination: The protocol of this systematic review (SR) does not require ethical approval because it does not involve humans. We will publish this article in peer-reviewed journals and presented at relevant conferences. Systematic review registration: OSF Registries, DOI: 10.17605/OSF.IO/6WP2F (https://osf.io/6wp2f)

As the most sensitive single-dish radio telescope, it is a great challenge for the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope (FAST) to mitigate Radio Frequency Interference (RFI). The solutions for RFI mitigation of FAST consist of the Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) design and measures of the instruments, the maintenance of a Radio Quiet Zone (RQZ) and post-processing RFI removal algorithms. However, with the development around the FAST site, the radio environment has been affected and become complicated. In order to strengthen the operation and management of the FAST RQZ, a RFI intelligent monitoring and positioning system has been proposed, which focuses on monitoring, identifying, and positioning RFI sources, especially some mobile interference sources such as drones in the core zone of the RQZ with the radius of 5 km around the FAST site. The preliminary design and two key technologies including RFI intelligent identification and RFI source localization have been discussed roughly.

In view of the different probability of residents of different floors in high-rise buildings taking the elevator during the peak period of a day, this paper proposes an optimization scheduling model based on Monte Carlo Algorithm, making the existing model more accurate. The automatic counting module (ACM) based on infrared sensor is used to measure and record the number of passengers on different floors. On the basis of a large amount of data obtained from the research, the probability of taking the elevator is calculated, and the cubic polynomial fitting curve is generated based on the least square method, which is applied to the implementation of Monte Carlo Algorithm, and an optimized elevator scheduling model is obtained. At the same time, the optimized model and the existing model are compared in different aspects to generate visual comparison result. In the hypothesis of this paper, under the condition that the number of floors is 20 and the number of households on each floor is 50, the existing model will have a relative error of 10%-20%, and the number of passengers transported by the elevator below 10 floors will be significantly reduced with a relative error of more than 10%. At last, from the elevator scheduling model, a “one-to-many” model can be abstracted. We find that the model optimization idea used in this problem has certain guiding significance in dealing with some other practical problems.

The Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope is now in the commissioning stage. Due to its extreme sensitivity, it is a great challenge for FAST to mitigate the Radio Frequency Interference (RFI) not only from the telescope itself, but also from the transmitter outside the site. The solutions for RFI mitigation of FAST include the Electromagnetic Compatibility measures of the telescope and the maintenance of radio quiet zones around the site. The new pulsars detected by FAST have indicated the effectiveness of the solutions of RFI mitigation.

As the most sensitive single-dish radio telescope, the Five-hundred Aperture Spherical radio Telescope (FAST) is very susceptive to radio frequency interference (RFI) from active radio services. Moreover, due to the rapid development of space applications and research, satellite interference has become one of the main RFI sources for FAST, particularly at the L band. Therefore, we have developed several measures to mitigate satellite RFI. On the one hand, an antenna with 4.5-meter diameter has been constructed and installed at the FAST site to detect the satellite interference in the frequency band between 1 to 5 GHz. Meanwhile, we have developed a satellite RFI database based on the FAST sky coverage, the observing frequency bands, and known satellite systems. By combining the satellite RFI monitoring antenna and the database, we have established a satellite RFI mitigation system. With this system, we can not only track satellites to collect their characteristics and update the database but also help the observer to program the observing plan by predicting satellite interference. During the practical observation of FAST at the L band, the feasibility of this system to mitigate satellite RFI has been proved. In particular, the system effectively avoids strong satellite interference from entering the main beam of the telescope and causing receiver saturation.

The Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence (SETI) attempts to address the possibility of the presence of technological civilizations beyond the Earth. Benefiting from high sensitivity, large sky coverage, an innovative feed cabin for China's Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope (FAST), we performed the SETI first observations with FAST's newly commisioned 19-beam receiver; we report preliminary results in this paper. Using the data stream produced by the SERENDIP VI realtime multibeam SETI spectrometer installed at FAST, as well as its off-line data processing pipelines, we identify and remove four kinds of radio frequency interference(RFI): zone, broadband, multi-beam, and drifting, utilizing the Nebula SETI software pipeline combined with machine learning algorithms. After RFI mitigation, the Nebula pipeline identifies and ranks interesting narrow band candidate ET signals, scoring candidates by the number of times candidate signals have been seen at roughly the same sky position and same frequency, signal strength, proximity to a nearby star or object of interest, along with several other scoring criteria. We show four example candidates groups that demonstrate these RFI mitigation and candidate selection. This preliminary testing on FAST data helps to validate our SETI instrumentation techniques as well as our data processing pipeline., 21 pages, 19 figures, 3 tables, published in ApJ

Three representative extruded titanosilicate catalysts, Ti-MOR, TS-1 and Ti-MWW, were prepared from corresponding titanosilicate powders by adding a pore-forming agent (sesbania powder), 30 wt.% alkaline silica sol as a binder, and water. The performance of the ground powder catalysts in the liquid-phase ammoximation of cyclohexanone in a batch reactor was first investigated, giving the order of catalytic activity of Ti-MOR > TS-1 > Ti-MWW. The extruded catalysts were then used in a green process to produce cyclohexanone oxime in a fixed-bed reactor with hydrogen peroxide as the oxidant. When the ammoximation was performed in the fixed-bed reactor, where the products and catalyst were easily separated, Ti-MOR proved to be more efficient than conventional TS-1 and Ti-MWW, consistent with the results obtained for the batch reaction. The reaction parameters for the shaped Ti-MOR catalyst in a continuous fixed-bed reactor were then optimized systematically. Ti-MOR gave a cyclohexanone conversion of >95% and oxime selectivity of >99% under the optimized reaction conditions. The lifetime of the shaped Ti-MOR catalyst in the ammoximation of cyclohexanone in the continuous fixed-bed reactor reached 360 h while maintaining a cyclohexanone conversion of over 95%, oxime selectivity exceeding 99%, and residue of unconverted H 2 O 2 of about 3%. Catalyst deactivation was elucidated to be caused by coke deposition and partial loss of Ti active sites. The deactivated Ti-MOR catalyst was regenerated effectively by removing the organic species occluded within the zeolite pores by air calcination at 823 K. The catalytic activity of the regenerated Ti-MOR was about 80% that of the fresh one, but it still provided an oxime selectivity of >99%.

Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope (FAST) is a Chinese mega-science project to build the largest single dish radio telescope in Guizhou province, Southwest China. The construction of FAST will involve many kinds of analog and digital electrical equipments. The electrical equipments are potential threat to radio observation due to its ElectroMagnetic Interference (EMI) emission. The EMI should be safely shielded when FAST telescope operates. The shielding effectiveness of large shielding enclosures can be tested with two log periodic antennas, signal generator and spectrum analyzer. It is not suitable to test small shielding enclosure for that is not possible to put big antenna and signal generator inside. In this paper, an effective shielding effectiveness measurement system for the small shielding enclosure is introduced. This measurement system uses a frequency synthesizer of Valon Technology as signal generator which can measure the shielding effectiveness no more than 100dB in a frequency range of 23–6000MHz. Some of measurement results of shielding effectiveness are also presented.

After five and a half years construction, the main structure of Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope (FAST) has been completed in September 2016. Meanwhile, a Radio Quiet Zone (RQZ) with radius 30 km has also been established. In order to evaluate the Radio Frequency Interference (RFI) influence from the mobile base stations within radius 5 km (the restriction zone of RQZ) around FAST, several measurements have been carried out when these stations were closed temperately. Comparing the RFI measurement results before and after the closure of these stations, the interference has been decreased more than 30 dB. Since November 1 2016, all the mobile base station within the restriction zone of FAST RQZ have be closed permanently to avoid the risk of the receiver saturation due to the interference coming from these stations.

Vinyl chloride (VC) in the vapor phase of mainstream cigarette smoke was determined under both International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and Health Canada intensive (HCI) machine smoking regimens, which was suspected to be carcinogenic compound. VC was collected by passing the mainstream cigarette smoke through a Cambridge Filter Pad (CFP) into cryogenic traps containing methanol. The impinger solutions were fortified with VC-d 3 and analyzed by GC–MS. Limits of detection for vinyl chloride was 0.9 ng mL−1 with the recovery in the range of 93.2–98.4 %. Moreover, the intra-day and inter-day precision was 7.39 and 9.77 %, respectively. Under HCI machine smoking regimen, the vinyl chloride yields in vapor phase of mainstream cigarette smoke were much higher and the average increase was greater than 100 % compared with those under ISO smoking condition.

Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope (FAST) is a Chinese mega-science project to build the largest single dish radio telescope in the world. The first light of FAST is expected in September 2016. Due to the high sensitivity of FAST, it is very sensitive to the radio frequency interference coming from the electrical and electronic equipments of telescope itself. In order to assure the realization of the scientific goals of the telescope, the electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) study on FAST at the design and construction stages, has been carried out to decrease the possibility of the interference from the telescope. Several examples, such as EMC designs and measurements for actuator and focus cabin, have been introduced briefly.

An active reflector is one of the three main innovations incorporated in the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope (FAST). The deformation of such a huge spherically shaped reflector into different transient parabolic shapes is achieved by using 2225 hydraulic actuators which change the position of the 2225 nodes through the connected down tied cables. For each different tracking process of the telescope, more than 1/3 of these 2225 actuators must be in operation to tune the parabolic aperture accurately and meet the surface error restriction. This means that some of these actuators are inevitably located within the main beam of the receiver, and Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) from the actuators must be mitigated to ensure the scientific output of the telescope. Based on the threshold level of interference detrimental to radio astronomy described in ITU-R Recommendation RA. 769 and EMI measurements, the shielding efficiency (SE) requirement for each actuator is set to be 80 dB in the frequency range from 70 MHz to 3 GHz. Therefore, Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) was taken into account in the actuator design by measures such as power line filters, optical fibers, shielding enclosures and other structural measures. In 2015, all the actuators had been installed at the FAST site. Till now, no apparent EMI from the actuators has been detected by the receiver, which demonstrates the effectiveness of these EMC measures.

Acetaldehyde oxime has been synthesized though the liquid-phase ammoximation of acetaldehyde with ammonia and hydrogen peroxide over various titanosilicate catalysts. Titanium mordenite (Ti-MOR), prepared from highly dealuminated mordenite and TiCl4 vapor by a secondary synthesis method, was superior to TS-1 and Ti-MWW catalysts both in aldehyde conversion and in oxime selectivity. The reaction parameters were investigated systematically in a batch-type reactor for Ti-MOR, such as solvent effect, temperature, time, catalyst loading, amounts of ammonia and hydrogen peroxide relative to aldehyde as well as addition methods of the reactants. Under optimized conditions, Ti-MOR was capable of showing an aldehyde conversion of 99% and an oxime selectivity of 97%. In comparison with TS-1 and Ti-MWW, the advantage of Ti-MOR in acetaldehyde ammoximation was mainly attributed to its lower ability for oxidation to convert the aldehyde to acetic acid. There was almost no effect resulting from the addition mode of the reactants; Ti-MOR with its special characteristics was unique in catalytic behavior and easy handling. An overview of the reaction routes involved in acetaldehyde ammoximation has been provided.

A simple and sensitive method for simultaneous determination of furan and vinyl acetate (VA) in vapor phase of mainstream cigarette smoke with cold trap and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was developed. A Cambridge filter pad (CFP) was placed in front of the impingers of smoking machine to remove the particle phase from cigarette smoke. Furan and VA in vapor phase of mainstream cigarette smoke were collected in two impingers connected in series by filled with methanol at -78°C. The solutions were added with deuterium-labeled furan-d4 and VA-d6 as internal standards and analyzed by GC-MS. The results showed that the calibration curves for furan and VA were linear (r2 > 0.9995) over the studied concentration range. The intra- and inter-day precision values for furan and VA were