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19 results on '"Hopke, P. K."'

7. Estimating hourly exposure to residential wood combustion for human health

Author

Ferro, A. R., Zikova, N., Masiol, M., Satsangi, G. P., Twomey, T., Rich, D. Q., Chalupa, D., and Hopke, P. K.

Subjects
Settore GEO/08 - Geochimica e Vulcanologia, Settore MED/42 - Igiene Generale e Applicata, Settore CHIM/12 - Chimica dell'Ambiente e dei Beni Culturali
Published
2017

8. Forty-seven years of weekly atmospheric black carbon measurements in the Finnish Arctic: Decrease in black carbon with declining emissions

Author

Dutkiewicz, V. A., DeJulio, A. M., Ahmed, T, Laing, J, Hopke, P. K., Skeie, Ragnhild Bieltvedt, Viisanen, Y, Paatero, J., and Husain, Liaquat

Abstract

© 2014 American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved Concentrations of atmospheric black carbon, [BC], were determined from filter samples collected weekly at Kevo, Finland (69°45′N, 27°02′E), from 1964 to 2010 using optical and thermal optical methods. The data provide the longest record of directly measured [BC] in the Arctic. The mean winter, spring, summer, and autumn [BC] based on the entire data set were 339, 199, 127, and 213 ng m−3, respectively. Annual mean [BC] decreased from ~300 in ~1970 to 82 ng m−3 in 2010. [BC] data sets from other Arctic sites show similar trends, but concentrations at Kevo are generally higher. From ~1970 to 2010 the [BC] decreased by ~1.8% yr−1. However, [BC] did not decrease monotonically. Instead, cyclical peaks occurred around 1976–1977, 1985–1987, and 1999. During such periods, nickel concentrations were well correlated with [BC]. This suggests that emissions from extensive ore smelting on the Kola Peninsula were significant contributors of particulate matter observed at Kevo. Simulations of [BC] at Kevo using the OsloCTM3 model using different emission inventories and meteorological data sets were performed. Modeled concentrations were lower than observed by a factor of 4. The results indicated that circulation changes can explain year to year variability, but the downward trend in the observations is mostly explained by emissions. Emission inventories in Europe, Russia, and the former Soviet Union are poorly constrained and appear to need revision in order to match observed trends in BC atmospheric concentrations.

Published
2014

9. Temporal variations and sources of Eastern Mediterranean aerosols based on a 9-year observation

Author

ÖZTÜRK, FATMA, zararsız, Abdullah, Dutkiewicz, V. A., Husain, L., Hopke, P. K., Tuncel, Süleyman Gürdal, and OpenMETU

Subjects
Eastern Mediterranean (EM), PMF, PSCF, Trend Analysis, Aerosol
Abstract

Concentrations of 48 elements, NO3-, SO42-, CI-, NH4+ and black carbon (BC) were determined in PM10 aerosols collected daily at a rural Eastern Mediterranean (EM) site (Antalya, 30.34 degrees E, 36.47 degrees N) from 1993 to 2001. Temporal variations (daily, seasonal and long term), sources and source regions of EM aerosols were delineated. Concentrations of elements with marine and crustal origin were more episodic as compared to anthropogenic ones. Most of the variables showed well defined seasonal cycles. Concentrations of crustal elements increased in summer while winter concentrations of marine elements were considerably higher than in summer. Trends in concentrations were analyzed using the Kendall test. Essentially, all elements showed decreasing trends. Sen's slope was applied to find the magnitude of the trends. The annual rate of decrease was found to change from 0.001 to 209 ng m(-3). A receptor-based model. Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF), resolved five factors influencing the chemical composition of EM aerosols as airborne dust, oil combustion, coal combustion, motor vehicle emissions and sea salt. Potential Source Contribution Function (PSCF) analysis was performed to identify the likely areas influencing the chemical composition of aerosol samples. Local and remote sources were detected for the factors resolved by PMF. PSCF maps including backward trajectories at starting height of 900 hPa have indicated that North Africa is the major source contributing to the concentrations of variables associated with dust factor.

Published
2012

10. Interacting boson fermion model description for the levels of 71Ge39 populated in the beta decay of 65.30-h 71As

Author

Meyer, R. A., Nagle, R. J., Brant, Slobodan, Frle, E., Paar, Vladimir, and Hopke, P. K.

Subjects
PRIRODNE ZNANOSTI. Fizika, NATURAL SCIENCES. Physics
Abstract

We have studied the level properties of the N=39 nucleus ^71Ge by gamma-ray spectroscopy following the beta decay of ^71As, for which we measure a half-life of 65.30±0.07 h. When we calculated the level structure of ^71Ge within the framework of the interacting boson fermion model, we found good agreement with the experimentally determined level properties. Some evidence was found for the occurrence of levels built on the coexisting ^70core intruder state.

Published
1990
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18. Short and long-term impacts of ambient ozone on health in Ahvaz, Iran

Author

Arezou Esmaeilzadeh, Philip K. Hopke, Alessandra De Marco, Yusef Omidi Khanaibadi, Somayeh Allahyari, Mahad Baawain, Afshin Takdastan, Patrick Amoatey, Pierre Sicard, Hamid Omidvarborna, Amoatey, P., Takdastan, A., Sicard, P., Hopke, P. K., Baawain, M., Omidvarborna, H., Allahyari, S., Esmaeilzadeh, A., De Marco, A., and Khanaibadi, Y. O.

Subjects
021110 strategic, defence & security studies, Ozone, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, Ecological Modeling, Health impact, 0211 other engineering and technologies, AirQ+, Ahvaz, mortality, O, 3, SOMO35, 02 engineering and technology, Pollution, World health, Term (time), Ambient ozone, chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, Environmental health, parasitic diseases, Environmental science
Abstract

The objective of the study was to investigate short- and long-term mortality due to exposure of the inhabitants of Ahvaz (Iran) to ground-level ozone (O3). The study employed the World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe’s (WHO/Europe) AirQ + modeling system to estimate total mortality (TM), cardiovascular mortality (CM), and respiratory mortality (RM) using relative risks (RR) and baseline incidences (BI). The AirQ + model estimates that 2.08% (95% CI: 1.39 - 2.76) of TM, 2.78% of CM (95% CI: 0 - 4.13), and 5.48% of RM (95% CI: 2.76 - 8.14) in 2015 are attributed to surface O3 concentration exceeding 10µg m−3. Due to lower surface O3 concentrations in 2016 (35.2µg/m3), compared to 2015 (79.2µg/m3), the attributable proportions of health endpoints to O3 exposure were significantly lower, i.e.,.72% for TM,.96% for CM and 1.92% for RM. The long-term excess risks for RM were 1.53% (95% CI:.77 - 2.28) and.14% (95% CI:.07 -.2) in 2015 and 2016, respectively. The estimated health effects from O3 exposures in Ahvaz were low compared to other studies in Iran and across the world. Introduction of electric and hybrid cars with good urban planning could further reduce the health impacts of O3 exposure in Ahvaz.

Published
2019
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19. Evaluation of receptor and chemical transport models for PM10 source apportionment

Author

Constantini Samara, F. Lenartz, A. Di Gilio, C. Colombi, K. Maciejewska, Roberta Vecchi, Guido Pirovano, Kai Krajsek, Evangelia Diapouli, D. Mooibroek, Maria Grazia Perrone, K. Sega, Benjamin Golly, Daniele Contini, Fabiana Scotto, M. Masiol, Marcelo Pinho Almeida, E. Venturini, Giuseppe Calori, H.A.C. Denier van der Gon, Marta G. Vivanco, Daniela Cesari, Claudio A. Belis, Silvia Nava, G. Valli, Franco Lucarelli, Antoine Waked, Paolo Brotto, Véronique Riffault, Mihaela Mircea, Ettore Petralia, Eduardo Yubero, Jean-Luc Besombes, Jeroen Kuenen, M. Manousakas, Guillaume Siour, G. de Gennaro, A. Angyal, Jean-Luc Jaffrezo, Stig Hellebust, Petra Pokorná, M. Reizer, Fulvio Amato, Philip K. Hopke, Laurent Y. Alleman, Konstantinos Eleftheriadis, G. Argyropoulos, S. Bande, Paolo Prati, S. Pillon, Richard Kranenburg, Olivier Favez, Dikaia Saraga, Yahya Izadmanesh, Stefania Gilardoni, I. Beslic, Hendrik Elbern, Astrid Manders, Joana Ferreira, Romà Tauler, Stéphane Sauvage, P. Lazzeri, Mika Vestenius, Héctor Jorquera, D. Pernigotti, Lucyna Samek, Dalia Salameh, Marco Pandolfi, Marco Paglione, I. El Haddad, Martijn Schaap, A. Pietrodangelo, Maria Chiara Bove, D. Oliveira, Amato, Fulvio, Pandolfi, Marco, Tauler, Romà, European Commission - Joint Research Centre [Ispra] (JRC), Ricerca sul Sistema Energetico (RSE), Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), Institut des Géosciences de l’Environnement (IGE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), TNO Climate, Air and Sustainability [Utrecht], The Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research (TNO), Warsaw University of Technology [Warsaw], Centre for Energy and Environment (CERI EE - IMT Nord Europe), Ecole nationale supérieure Mines-Télécom Lille Douai (IMT Nord Europe), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Ecole nationale supérieure Mines-Télécom Lille Douai (IMT Lille Douai), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Centro de Ciencias e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Tecnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Bobadela LRS, Portugal, Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Institute for Nuclear Research [Budapest] (ATOMKI), Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Environmental Pollution Control Laboratory, University of Thessaloniki, ARPA Piemonte Regional Agency for Environmental Protection, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Laboratoire LCME / Equipe Chimie de l'Environnement (LCME_CE), Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire et Environnement (LCME), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Università degli studi di Genova = University of Genoa (UniGe), ARIANET Srl, CNR Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate (ISAC), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), ARPA Lombardia, Dipartimento Sub-Provinciale Città di Milano, Department of Biology [University of Bari], Università degli studi di Bari Aldo Moro = University of Bari Aldo Moro (UNIBA), Institute of Nuclear and Radiological Sciences and Technology, Energy and Safety (INRASTES), National Center for Scientific Research 'Demokritos' (NCSR), Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH | Centre de recherche de Juliers, Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft = Helmholtz Association, Universidade de Aveiro, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas Medioambientales y Tecnológicas [Madrid] (CIEMAT), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), University College Cork (UCC), Clarkson University, Khajeh Nasir Toosi University of Technology [Téhéran] (KNTU), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile (UC), Agenzia Provinciale Protezione Ambiente, Institut scientifique de service public [Liège] (ISSeP), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Firenze (INFN, Sezione di Firenze), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Agenzia Nazionale per le nuove Tecnologie, l’energia e lo sviluppo economico sostenibile = Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development (ENEA), National Institute for Public Health and the Environment [Bilthoven] (RIVM), Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca = University of Milano-Bicocca (UNIMIB), Institute for Atmospheric Pollution Research, Regional Agency for Environmental Prevention and Protection of the Veneto (ARPAV), Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science [Kraków] (FPACS), AGH University of Science and Technology [Krakow, PL] (AGH UST), ARPA Emilia-Romagna, Agenzia Regionale per la Protezione dell’Ambiente, Laboratoire Interuniversitaire des Systèmes Atmosphériques (LISA (UMR_7583)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli studi di Milano, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN)-Università degli Studi di Milano = University of Milan (UNIMI), University of Bologna/Università di Bologna, Finnish Meteorological Institute (FMI), Miguel Hernández University, French Ministry of Environment, 'Hauts de France' Regional Council, European Regional Development Fund (ERDF), National Research, Development and Innovation Office – NKFIH, contract number PD 125086, Grant CONICYT/FONDAP/15110020, CARA program, UID/Multi/04349/2013 project, ANR-11-LABX-0005,Cappa,Physiques et Chimie de l'Environnement Atmosphérique(2011), ANR-10-LABX-0056,OSUG@2020,Innovative strategies for observing and modelling natural systems(2010), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Centre for Energy and Environment (CERI EE), University of Genoa (UNIGE), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Università degli studi di Bari Aldo Moro (UNIBA), Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development (ENEA), Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca [Milano] (UNIMIB), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN)-Università degli Studi di Milano [Milano] (UNIMI), University of Bologna, Amato, Fulvio [0000-0003-1546-9154], Pandolfi, Marco [0000-0002-7493-7213], Tauler, Romà [0000-0001-8559-9670], Belis, C. A., Pernigotti, D., Pirovano, G., Favez, O., Jaffrezo, J. L., Kuenen, J., Denier van Der Gon, H., Reizer, M., Riffault, V., Alleman, L. Y., Almeida, M., Amato, F., Angyal, A., Argyropoulos, G., Bande, S., Beslic, I., Besombes, J. -L., Bove, M. C., Brotto, P., Calori, G., Cesari, D., Colombi, C., Contini, D., De Gennaro, G., Di Gilio, A., Diapouli, E., El Haddad, I., Elbern, H., Eleftheriadis, K., Ferreira, J., Vivanco, M. G., Gilardoni, S., Golly, B., Hellebust, S., Hopke, P. K., Izadmanesh, Y., Jorquera, H., Krajsek, K., Kranenburg, R., Lazzeri, P., Lenartz, F., Lucarelli, F., Maciejewska, K., Manders, A., Manousakas, M., Masiol, M., Mircea, M., Mooibroek, D., Nava, S., Oliveira, D., Paglione, M., Pandolfi, M., Perrone, M., Petralia, E., Pietrodangelo, A., Pillon, S., Pokorna, P., Prati, P., Salameh, D., Samara, C., Samek, L., Saraga, D., Sauvage, S., Schaap, M., Scotto, F., Sega, K., Siour, G., Tauler, R., Valli, G., Vecchi, R., Venturini, E., Vestenius, M., Waked, A., Yubero, E., JRC Institute for Environment and Sustainability (IES), INERIS-Parc Technologique, INERIS, Parc Technologique, ALATA BP 2 60550, Verneuil-en-Halatte, France, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Département S.A.G.E (SAGE), École des Mines de Douai (Mines Douai EMD), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Spain] (CSIC), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Department of immunology and Infectious Deseases, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Istituto di Scienze dell'Atmosfera e del Clima (ISAC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Dipartimento di Fisica, ICT Institute of Politecnico di Milano, Institute of Nuclear Technology & Radiation Protection, Rhenish Institute for Environmental Research (RIU), University of Cologne, Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), University of Rochester Medical Center, Universita degli studi di Napoli 'Parthenope' [Napoli], INTA - Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, CEA-Direction de l'Energie Nucléaire (CEA-DEN), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Environmental Research Laboratory, National Centre for Scientific Research Demokritos, Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Physics, Universita degli Studi di Milano & National Institute of Nuclear Physics, Belis C.A., Pernigotti D., Pirovano G., Favez O., Jaffrezo J.L., Kuenen J., Denier van Der Gon H., Reizer M., Riffault V., Alleman L.Y., Almeida M., Amato F., Angyal A., Argyropoulos G., Bande S., Beslic I., Besombes J.-L., Bove M.C., Brotto P., Calori G., Cesari D., Colombi C., Contini D., De Gennaro G., Di Gilio A., Diapouli E., El Haddad I., Elbern H., Eleftheriadis K., Ferreira J., Vivanco M.G., Gilardoni S., Golly B., Hellebust S., Hopke P.K., Izadmanesh Y., Jorquera H., Krajsek K., Kranenburg R., Lazzeri P., Lenartz F., Lucarelli F., Maciejewska K., Manders A., Manousakas M., Masiol M., Mircea M., Mooibroek D., Nava S., Oliveira D., Paglione M., Pandolfi M., Perrone M., Petralia E., Pietrodangelo A., Pillon S., Pokorna P., Prati P., Salameh D., Samara C., Samek L., Saraga D., Sauvage S., Schaap M., Scotto F., Sega K., Siour G., Tauler R., Valli G., Vecchi R., Venturini E., Vestenius M., Waked A., and Yubero E.

Subjects
Atmospheric Science, Source apportionment, PM, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Mean squared error, High variability, Chemical transport, Urbanisation, lcsh:QC851-999, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, Chemical transport model, models, Lens, Receptor models, PM10, lcsh:Environmental pollution, [CHIM.ANAL]Chemical Sciences/Analytical chemistry, Apportionment, Consistency (statistics), Chemical transport models, Intercomparison, 10, Statistics, Range (statistics), Source apportionment, PM10, Receptor models, Chemical transport models, Intercomparison, Lens, Air quality index, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Settore CHIM/12 - Chimica dell'Ambiente e dei Beni Culturali, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, General Environmental Science, [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, Comparability, Len, Settore GEO/08 - Geochimica e Vulcanologia, 13. Climate action, lcsh:TD172-193.5, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Air quality, Environmental science, Receptor model, lcsh:Meteorology. Climatology, Performance indicator, Environment & Sustainability
Abstract

In this study, the performance of two types of source apportionment models was evaluated by assessing the results provided by 40 different groups in the framework of an intercomparison organised by FAIRMODE WG3 (Forum for air quality modelling in Europe, Working Group 3). The evaluation was based on two performance indicators: z-scores and the root mean square error weighted by the reference uncertainty (RMSEu), with pre-established acceptability criteria. By involving models based on completely different and independent input data, such as receptor models (RMs) and chemical transport models (CTMs), the intercomparison provided a unique opportunity for their cross-validation. In addition, comparing the CTM chemical profiles with those measured directly at the source contributed to corroborate the consistency of the tested model results. The most commonly used RM was the US EPA- PMF version 5. RMs showed very good performance for the overall dataset (91% of z-scores accepted) while more difficulties were observed with the source contribution time series (72% of RMSEu accepted). Industrial activities proved to be the most difficult sources to be quantified by RMs, with high variability in the estimated contributions. In the CTMs, the sum of computed source contributions was lower than the measured gravimetric PM10 mass concentrations. The performance tests pointed out the differences between the two CTM approaches used for source apportionment in this study: brute force (or emission reduction impact) and tagged species methods. The sources meeting the z-score and RMSEu acceptability criteria tests were 50% and 86%, respectively. The CTM source contributions to PM10 were in the majority of cases lower than the RM averages for the corresponding source. The CTMs and RMs source contributions for the overall dataset were more comparable (83% of the z-scores accepted) than their time series (successful RMSEu in the range 25% - 34%). The comparability between CTMs and RMs varied depending on the source: traffic/exhaust and industry were the source categories with the best results in the RMSEu tests while the most critical ones were soil dust and road dust. The differences between RMs and CTMs source reconstructions confirmed the importance of cross validating the results of these two families of models. © 2019 The Authors, The authors warmly thank J. Vercauteren (VMM) for providing the CHEMKAR dataset. The CARA program was funded by the French Ministry of environment . IMT Lille Douai participates in the CaPPA project funded by the ANR through the PIA under contract ANR-11-LABX-0005-01 , the “Hauts de France” Regional Council and the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF). The C2TN/IST author gratefully acknowledges the FCT support through the UID/Multi/04349/2013 project. J.L. Jaffrezo would like to thank F. Donnaz, F. Masson, and S. Ngo for the chemical analyses of the Lens samples performed at IGE (ECOC, ions, sugars). These were possible on the Air-O-Sol analytical platform supported by Labex OSUG@2020 (ANR10 LABX56). A. Angyal was supported by National Research, Development and Innovation Office – NKFIH , contract number PD 125086 . H. Jorquera acknowledges support from Grant CONICYT/FONDAP/15110020. P . Thunis commented on an early version of the manuscript.

Published
2020
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