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Qin-Song Sheng, 1 Kang-Xin He, 2 Jian-Jiong Li, 3 Zi-Feng Zhong, 1 Fei-Xia Wang, 1 Le-Lin Pan, 1 Jian-Jiang Lin 1 1Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China; 2State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Ningbo, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Jian-Jiong LiDepartment of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou 310003, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86 571 8723 6131Email linjianjiang@zju.edu.cnBackground: To understand the biological effect of gut microbiome on the progression of colorectal cancer (CRC), we sequenced the V3-V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene to illustrate the overall structure of microbiota in the CRC patients.Methods: In this study, a total of 66 CRC patients were dichotomized into different groups based on the following characteristics: paired tumor and adjacent normal tissues, distal and proximal CRC segments, MMR (-) and MMR (+), different TNM staging and clinic tumor staging.Results: By sequencing and comparing the microbial assemblages, our results indicated that 7 microbe genus (Fusobacterium, Faecalibacterium, Akkermansia, Ruminococcus2, Parabacteroides, Streptococcus, and f_Ruminococcaceae) were significantly different between tumor and adjacent normal tissues; and 5 microbe genus (Bacteroides, Fusobacterium, Faecalibacterium, Parabacteroides, and Ruminococcus2) were significantly different between distal and proximal CRC segments; only 2 microbe genus (f_Enterobacteriaceae and Granulicatella) were significantly different between MMR (-) and MMR (+); but there was no significant microbial difference were detected neither in the TNM staging nor in the clinic tumor staging.Conclusion: All these findings implied a better understanding of the alteration in the gut microbiome, which may offer new insight into diagnosing and therapying for CRC patients.Keywords: colorectal cancer, CRC, gut microbiota, 16S rRNA sequencing, TNM staging, MMR

The coordinated development of land and water resources and the ecological environment is essential to regional sustainable development. In view of the current rapid development of information science, the coordination degree of eco-environmental systems has been evaluated from the perspective of development rate. Taking the major grain-producing areas in China as an example, this study used information entropy to determine the weights of various indicators and introduced the average annual growth rate to characterize the development rates of indicators. Through an improved dynamic coupling and coordination model, the coupling and coordination indices of the system and subsystems of land and water resources with the ecological environment were obtained. These indices were analyzed and compared with those generated from raw data. The results showed that during the study period, the land and water resources and the ecological-environmental system had a relatively low coupling, with reluctant coordination, and had a relatively low level of coordinated development. Compared with the results based on raw data, the development rate method yielded similar results on the coupling of subsystems. For the analysis of trends, the method using development rate characteristics better reflected the overall coupling of the system, as well as the coordination of the system when considering the range of relative changes. Therefore, evaluation results based on development rate characteristics can, to a certain degree, better help decision-makers timely understand the coordinated development of the land and water resources and the ecological-environmental system.