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In my bachelor thesis, I primarily focus on the economy of heart transplantation. At first there is an important topic of health economy and its specific features. Then I go deeper in the topic and mention the economy of transplantation, supply and demand of organs and define donors and the recipients of organs. I also describe the legal system of transplantation and organ donation and mention the history of heart transplantations (HTX). The second part of my thesis is concerned with the situation of heart transplantations in the USA. I compare how the situation about HTX changed there during the last decades and how is it with the costs and payments. Finally, the third part of my thesis deals with the heart transplantations in the Czech Republic and another six European countries. Using the econometric model, I try to estimate the average waiting period for heart transplantation and its determinants.