1. Natural history of KBG syndrome in a large European cohort
- Author
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Lorenzo Loberti, Lucia Pia Bruno, Stefania Granata, Gabriella Doddato, Sara Resciniti, Francesca Fava, Michele Carullo, Elisa Rahikkala, Guillaume Jouret, Leonie A Menke, Damien Lederer, Pascal Vrielynck, Lukáš Ryba, Nicola Brunetti-Pierri, Amaia Lasa-Aranzasti, Anna Maria Cueto-González, Laura Trujillano, Irene Valenzuela, Eduardo F Tizzano, Alessandro Mauro Spinelli, Irene Bruno, Aurora Currò, Franco Stanzial, Francesco Benedicenti, Diego Lopergolo, Filippo Maria Santorelli, Constantia Aristidou, George A Tanteles, Isabelle Maystadt, Tinatin Tkemaladze, Tiia Reimand, Helen Lokke, Katrin Õunap, Maria K Haanpää, Andrea Holubová, Veronika Zoubková, Martin Schwarz, Riina Žordania, Kai Muru, Laura Roht, Annika Tihveräinen, Rita Teek, Ulvi Thomson, Isis Atallah, Andrea Superti-Furga, Sabrina Buoni, Roberto Canitano, Valeria Scandurra, Annalisa Rossetti, Salvatore Grosso, Roberta Battini, Margherita Baldassarri, Maria Antonietta Mencarelli, Caterina Lo Rizzo, Mirella Bruttini, Francesca Mari, Francesca Ariani, Alessandra Renieri, Anna Maria Pinto, Loberti, Lorenzo, Bruno, Lucia Pia, Granata, Stefania, Doddato, Gabriella, Resciniti, Sara, Fava, Francesca, Carullo, Michele, Rahikkala, Elisa, Jouret, Guillaume, Menke, Leonie A, Lederer, Damien, Vrielynck, Pascal, Ryba, Lukáš, Brunetti-Pierri, Nicola, Lasa-Aranzasti, Amaia, Cueto-González, Anna Maria, Trujillano, Laura, Valenzuela, Irene, Tizzano, Eduardo F, Spinelli, Alessandro Mauro, Bruno, Irene, Currò, Aurora, Stanzial, Franco, Benedicenti, Francesco, Lopergolo, Diego, Santorelli, Filippo Maria, Aristidou, Constantia, Tanteles, George A, Maystadt, Isabelle, Tkemaladze, Tinatin, Reimand, Tiia, Lokke, Helen, Õunap, Katrin, Haanpää, Maria K, Holubová, Andrea, Zoubková, Veronika, Schwarz, Martin, Žordania, Riina, Muru, Kai, Roht, Laura, Tihveräinen, Annika, Teek, Rita, Thomson, Ulvi, Isis, Atallah, Superti-Furga, Andrea, Buoni, Sabrina, Canitano, Roberto, Scandurra, Valeria, Rossetti, Annalisa, Grosso, Salvatore, Battini, Roberta, Baldassarri, Margherita, Mencarelli, Maria Antonietta, Rizzo, Caterina Lo, Bruttini, Mirella, Mari, Francesca, Ariani, Francesca, Renieri, Alessandra, Pinto, Anna Maria, General Paediatrics, ANS - Cellular & Molecular Mechanisms, ANS - Complex Trait Genetics, ARD - Amsterdam Reproduction and Development, and Pediatrics
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Genetics ,General Medicine ,Molecular Biology ,Genetics (clinical) - Abstract
KBG syndrome (KBGS) is characterized by distinctive facial gestalt, short stature and variable clinical findings. With ageing, some features become more recognizable, allowing a differential diagnosis. We aimed to better characterize natural history of KBGS. In the context of a European collaborative study, we collected the largest cohort of KBGS patients (49). A combined array- based Comparative Genomic Hybridization and next generation sequencing (NGS) approach investigated both genomic Copy Number Variants and SNVs. Intellectual disability (ID) (82%) ranged from mild to moderate with severe ID identified in two patients. Epilepsy was present in 26.5%. Short stature was consistent over time, while occipitofrontal circumference (median value: −0.88 SD at birth) normalized over years. Cerebral anomalies, were identified in 56% of patients and thus represented the second most relevant clinical feature reinforcing clinical suspicion in the paediatric age when short stature and vertebral/dental anomalies are vague. Macrodontia, oligodontia and dental agenesis (53%) were almost as frequent as skeletal anomalies, such as brachydactyly, short fifth finger, fifth finger clinodactyly, pectus excavatum/carinatum, delayed bone age. In 28.5% of individuals, prenatal ultrasound anomalies were reported. Except for three splicing variants, leading to a premature termination, variants were almost all frameshift. Our results, broadening the spectrum of KBGS phenotype progression, provide useful tools to facilitate differential diagnosis and improve clinical management. We suggest to consider a wider range of dental anomalies before excluding diagnosis and to perform a careful odontoiatric/ear-nose-throat (ENT) evaluation in order to look for even submucosal palate cleft given the high percentage of palate abnormalities. NGS approaches, following evidence of antenatal ultrasound anomalies, should include ANKRD11.
- Published
- 2022
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