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Background. Prostate cancer (PCa) is the 2nd most common oncological disease among men in the world. The first structured program of robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) was started in the year 2000. In the medical literature, a limited number of studies on long-term oncological treatment outcomes for patients with PCa after RARP is presented. In Russia, the Da Vinci robot was first installed in 2007. In the Urology Clinic of the A.I. Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, the program of robot-assisted surgery was started in November of 2008.Aim. To perform first in Russia evaluation of 10-year oncological treatment outcomes for patients with localized PCa after RARP. To perform comparative analysis with the outcomes of radical retropubic prostatectomy (RRP).Materials and methods. Retrospective analysis of medical histories of 211 patients was performed. Among them, 62 patients did not satisfy the inclusion criteria. The remaining 149 patients were divided into 2 groups: 1st - RARP (n = 82), 2nd - RRP (n = 67). All RARP were performed by the same surgeon, RRP by 2 experienced surgeons.Results. Median follow-up was 110.35 ± 24.58 and 115.19 ± 15.37 months in the 1st and 2nd group, respectively; median follow-up was 120 months in both groups (p >0.05). Survival was calculated using the Kaplan-Meyer approach. Ten-year biochemical recurrence (BCR)-free survival was 79.3 and 82.1 %, clinical recurrence-free survival was 96.3 and 97.1 %, metastasis-free survival was 92.7 and 94.0 %, cancer-specific survival was 93.9 and 95.6 % and overall survival was 85.4 and 86.6 % in the 1st and 2nd group, respectively. Mean time to BCR was 17.00 ± 20.67 and 22.83 ± 26.51 months, respectively ( p >0.05). Calculation of BCR predictors was performed using correlation analysis based on contingency test and Cramer's V-test. In the 1st group, body mass index ≥30 kg/m2 (p = 0.01), prostate-specific antigen level >10 ng/mL (p = 0.04), high progression risk per the D'Amico classification (p = 0.01) were independent preoperative predictors of BCR. Gleason score 7 (4 + 3) (p = 0.04) and ≥8 (p p Conclusion. RARP demonstrates long-term (10-year) oncological effectiveness comparable to oncological effectiveness of RRP in patients with localized PCa.

We consider the complexity of counting weighted graph homomorphisms defined by a symmetric matrix A. Each symmetric matrix A defines a graph homomorphism function Z_A(⋅), also known as the partition function. Dyer and Greenhill [Martin E. Dyer and Catherine S. Greenhill, 2000] established a complexity dichotomy of Z_A(⋅) for symmetric {0, 1}-matrices A, and they further proved that its #P-hardness part also holds for bounded degree graphs. Bulatov and Grohe [Andrei Bulatov and Martin Grohe, 2005] extended the Dyer-Greenhill dichotomy to nonnegative symmetric matrices A. However, their hardness proof requires graphs of arbitrarily large degree, and whether the bounded degree part of the Dyer-Greenhill dichotomy can be extended has been an open problem for 15 years. We resolve this open problem and prove that for nonnegative symmetric A, either Z_A(G) is in polynomial time for all graphs G, or it is #P-hard for bounded degree (and simple) graphs G. We further extend the complexity dichotomy to include nonnegative vertex weights. Additionally, we prove that the #P-hardness part of the dichotomy by Goldberg et al. [Leslie A. Goldberg et al., 2010] for Z_A(⋅) also holds for simple graphs, where A is any real symmetric matrix.

Chirality is a fundamental feature in all domains of nature, ranging from particle physics over electromagnetism to chemistry and biology. Chiral objects lack a mirror plane and inversion symmetry and therefore cannot be spatially aligned with their mirrored counterpart, their enantiomer. Both natural molecules and artificial chiral nanostructures can be characterized by their light-matter interaction, which is reflected in circular dichroism (CD). Using DNA origami, we assemble model meta-molecules from multiple plasmonic nanoparticles, representing meta-atoms accurately positioned in space. This allows us to reconstruct piece by piece the impact of varying macromolecular geometries on their surrounding optical near fields. Next to the emergence of CD signatures in the instance that we architect a third dimension, we design and implement sign-flipping signals through addition or removal of single particles in the artificial molecules. Our data and theoretical modeling reveal the hitherto unrecognized phenomenon of chiral plasmonic-dielectric coupling, explaining the intricate electromagnetic interactions within hybrid DNA-based plasmonic nanostructures.

Coronary artery disease (CAD) remains a top cause of morbidity and mortality nowadays. Current guidelines are used to deϐine timely diagnostic and management strategies for a patient with new angina symptom. According to the guidelines, the main purpose is assessment of the pretest probability of obstructive CAD. Exercise electrocardiography is the most accessible methodwith 85-90% speciϐicity and 45-50% sensitivity. Cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) with concomitant monitoring of electrocardiogram, heart rate and blood pressure, expired gas analysis has become widespread among different exercise tests. CPET is an important clinical tool to estimate exercise capacity. In most cases it allowsto determine the causes of limited physical activity, evaluate both the blood supply (pulmonary, cardiovascular, haematopoietic systems) and tissue oxygen metabolism (skeletal muscle system) in response to physical exercise.The indications for invasive coronary angiography include: high clinical risk of CAD, symptoms which are refractory to medical therapy, low tolerance to exercise or if revascularization is considered for improvement of prognosis. The aim. To highlight the need for a combination of non-invasive stresstesting (CPET, stress echocardiography) and invasive testing (such as coronary angiography) to develop proper tactics of treating patients with established CAD. Conclusion. Described clinical case demonstrates preferences of combined different functional non-invasive tests (CPET, stress echocardiography) in a patient with confirmed CAD, who received prognosis modifying therapy and had high exercise tolerance due to regular cardio training. This gave the reason for postponing the repeated ICA to determine the dynamics of the progression of coronary atherosclerosis. However, when an anginal attack occurred and repeated urgent ICA was performed, it became necessary to perform coronary artery bypass grafting and, later, due to the continuation of anginal attacks and the presence of areas of ischemia, stenting of the trunk of the left coronary artery.

Introduction. Prostate cancer is the second most commonly diagnosed malignant neoplasm in men. The development of technologies requires the study of advanced research methods, an extraordinary, new limited-invasive method for diagnosing cancer - histoscanning of the prostate. Histoscan is an innovative imaging technique that is potent of differentiating between benign and malignant areas within the examined prostate tissue. With the new “True Targeting” software, it is possible to perform a “targeted” biopsy in real time. Purpose. To determine the efficacy and safety of performing histoscan-guided targeted biopsy of the prostate. Materials and methods. The prospective study with the inclusion of data from 2501 patients examined at the Clinic of urology of the Moscow State Medical University named after A.I. Evdokimov at the Municipal Clinical Hospital named after S.I. Spasokukotsky. Results. The average age of the patients was 66 years, the level of prostate specific antigen was about 14,39 ng/ml, the volume of the prostate was 54,43 cm3. The overall incidence of prostate cancer was 53,38%, with a biopsy of 12 points - 52,1%, while with a targeted biopsy- 37,58%. Among the biopsy complications, hemospermia (Clavien-Dindo - I) was most often (33% of cases), hematuria (Clavien-Dindo - I-II) in 15% of cases. No serious complications were identified. Limitations. As restrictions, the following were identified: prostate biopsy-subject, 2501 patients - a quantitative parameter, patients with suspected prostate cancer - a qualitative indicator. Conclusion. The published results of the study showed that histoscan-guided biopsy ofthe prostate is safe, effective, and therefore has alarge potential in cancer diagnosis, as it helps both in choosing a treatment method and in planning the course of further surgery.

Gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD) is a rare tumor characterized by spectrum of trophoblastic proliferative disorders associated with pregnancy. These neoplasms occur in less than 1% of female genital malignancies. There is a high curability of the disease even in the presence of disseminated process with the ability to preserve reproductive function. However, this is possible if timely diagnosis and adequate treatment tactics were applied. The article presents a review of the literature and the summary of guidelines of treatment of this malignancy.

Endometrial cancer (EC) is becoming more common worldwide, primarily due to an increase in life expectancy and obesity. As several modifiable factors may affect EC incidence and progression, we aimed to elucidate how dietary habits and daily routines influence recurrence and survival among women with EC, using a Random Survival Forest (RSF) approach. 481 women who previously underwent hysterectomy due to EC completed two extensive questionnaires on dietary habits and daily routines, and we used RSF to identify risky or protective variables. Among the 186 variables considered, consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages and fried potatoes increased the risk of EC recurrence and death, while physical activity decreased the risk of death. We conclude that RSF is a suitable approach to study survival in multivariable datasets.

Important efforts are currently under way in order to develop further the nascent field of plasmonic photocatalysis, striving for improved efficiencies and selectivities. A significant fraction of such efforts has been focused on distinguishing, understanding, and enhancing specific energy-transfer mechanisms from plasmonic nanostructures to their environment. Herein, we report a synthetic strategy that combines two of the main physical mechanisms driving plasmonic photocatalysis into an engineered system by rationally combining the photochemical features of energetic charge carriers and the electromagnetic field enhancement inherent to the plasmonic excitation. We do so by creating hybrid photocatalysts that integrate multiple plasmonic resonators in a single entity, controlling their joint contribution through spectral separation and differential surface functionalization. This strategy allows us to create complex hybrids with improved photosensitization capabilities, thanks to the synergistic combination of two photosensitization mechanisms. Our results show that the hot electron injection can be combined with an energy-transfer process mediated by the near-field interaction, leading to a significant increase in the final photocatalytic response of the material and moving the field of plasmonic photocatalysis closer to energy-efficient applications. Furthermore, our multimodal hybrids offer a test system to probe the properties of the two targeted mechanisms in energy-related applications such as the photocatalytic generation of hydrogen and open the door to wavelength-selective photocatalysis and novel tandem reactions.

The processes of the sublimation and thermal decomposition of the 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ionic liquid (EMImPF6) were studied by a complex approach including Knudsen effusion mass spectrometry, IR and NMR spectroscopy, and quantum chemical calculations. It was established that the vapor over the liquid phase primarily consists of decomposition products under equilibrium conditions. Otherwise, the neutral ion pairs are the only vapor components under Langmuir conditions. To identify the nature of the decomposition products, an experiment on the distillation of the ionic liquid was performed and the collected distillate was analyzed. It was revealed by the IR and NMR spectroscopy that EMImPF6 decomposes to substituted imidazole-2-ylidene (C6N2H10PF5) and HF. The measured vapor pressure of C6N2H10PF5 reveals a very low activity of the decomposition products (

The processes of the sublimation and thermal decomposition of the 1‐ethyl‐3‐methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ionic liquid (EMImPF6) were studied by a complex approach including Knudsen effusion mass spectrometry, IR and NMR spectroscopy, and quantum chemical calculations. It was established that the vapor over liquid phase primarily consists of decomposition products under equilibrium conditions. Otherwise, the neutral ion pairs are the only vapor components under Langmuir conditions. To identify the nature of the decomposition products an experiment on the distillation of the ionic liquid was performed and the collected distillate was analyzed. It was revealed by the IR and NMR spectroscopy that EMImPF6 decomposes to substituted imidazole‐2‐ylidene (C6N2H10PF5) and HF. The measured vapor pressure of C6N2H10PF5 reveals a very low activity of the decomposition products (

BACKGROUND: By reason of the high urbanization of the population the mortality rate in combined injury cases remains stably high, despite the CT-scans have appeared in the arsenal of many hospitals. There are a lot of questions: how to reduce the time of diagnosis in favor of therapeutic measures, determine the sequence of actions in different situations? AIM: To determine the degree of informativeness of clinical and instrumental methods for diagnosing combined injuries in an accident. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Were done a retrospective analysis of the results of treatment of 517 patients with combined trauma delivered to the emergency department of the Omsk City Clinical Hospital and the V.P. Demikhovs City Clinical Hospital of the Moscow for 20172019. All patients were examined by a multidisciplinary team using modern diagnostic methods including laparoscopic examination, CT according to the whole body program. RESULTS: The results of the data analysis showed that clinical examination, radiography and ultrasound do not allow the diagnosis to be carried out in full, revealing up to 80% of all injuries. CONCLUSION: FAST protocol has a high degree of informativeness at the early hospital stage (efficiency 83%, reliability 81%). When using modern computed tomographs with subsequent digital analysis of reconstructions, the value of performing radiographs in an urgent situation decreases. MSCT is the gold standard in the diagnosis of combined trauma, has a high diagnostic efficiency compared to other methods of radiation diagnostics.

A significant challenge exists in obtaining chiral nanostructures that are amenable to both solution-phase self-assembly and solid-phase preservation, which enable the observation of unveiled optical responses impacted by the dynamic or static conformation and the incident excitations. Here, to meet this demand, we employed DNA origami technology to create quasi-planar chiral satellite-core nanoparticle superstructures with an intermediate geometry between the monolayer and the double layer. We disentangled the complex chiral mechanisms, which include planar chirality, 3D chirality, and induced chirality transfer, through combined theoretical studies and thorough experimental measurements of both solution- and solid-phase samples. Two distinct states of optical responses were demonstrated by the dynamic and static conformations, involving a split or nonsplit circular dichroism (CD) line shape. More importantly, our study on chiral nanoparticle superstructures on a substrate featuring both a dominant 2D geometry and a defined 3D represents a great leap toward the realization of colloidal chiral metasurfaces.

To maintain the functionality of fan blades, it is important to know the distribution of dynamic stresses in the blade, their amplitude and vibration frequency. Understanding of the dynamic loading pattern will allow us to determine under what conditions the engine was operated, to identify and prevent emergencies that could lead to the blade fracture. The purpose of this work is to understand the cause of the fan blade fracture that occurred during the engine ground start. Due to fractographic analysis of blade fragments it was revealed that the fracture occurred due to the initiation of fatigue cracks in blades. The place of crack initiation and parameters of crack growth were established, spectral analysis of the fracture was carried out. To establish the reason of fatigue crack initiation it was necessary to determine the dynamic state of the blades during their destruction. The sections of the second stage of stable crack growth, during which fatigue striations are formed, were determined using the fractographic method. Using the spacing of the fatigue striations and Paris's law, the crack stress intensity range was determined. Modeling of crack propagation in the blade was carried out to define the stress state. The ability to determine the stress intensity factor at each step of crack growth and its comparison with research data made this work possible. The simulation showed under what conditions manifold increase in stresses occurs and made it possible to obtain the expected value of vibration amplitude. Additional modal analysis showed a resonant form that caused the fatigue nature of crack propagation. The demonstrated approach established crack growth conditions and revealed the cause of blade fracture.

Ultraviolet B-light (UVB) has been often used as a “physiological” UV in photobiology studies. How representative and equivalent these studies are compared to the effect of the sunlight is always of great interest. We now characterized the spectrum and intensity of two commonly used UV sources, a UVB lamp and a UVA-340 lamp which simulate the solar spectrum in the UVB/UVA range in the presence or absence of a UVB band pass filter that reduces >80% UVA from the UVA-340 lamp. The spectrum of each lamp was used in computational modeling for skin penetration. The effects of the lamps on endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-stress response and DNA damage in cultured keratinocytes HaCaT cells were analyzed. Our data show that the UVB lamp is a better inducer for both eIF2α phosphorylation and PERK modification, as well as a better reducer of ATF6 expression. The UVB lamp is also the best inducer of gamma-H2AX expression and cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers formation. However, the UVA-340 lamp is a better inducer for ATF4 expression. Our results indicate that different spectral characteristics of UV lamps can produce different results for the activation of the ER-stress responses and the differences do not always follow a defined pattern.

The paper presents the results of the investigation of the applicability of spatiotemporal kernel density estimation (KDE) methods for density mapping of violent crime in Lithuania. Spatiotemporal crime research helps to understand and control specific types of crime, thereby contributing to Sustainable Development Goals. The target dataset contained 135,989 records of the events registered by the police of Lithuania from 2015-2018 that were classified as violent. The research focused on choosing appropriate KDE functions and their parameters for modeling the spatiotemporal point pattern of this particular type of crime. The aim was to estimate density, mass, and intensity function(s) so that they can be used in further confirmatory spatial modeling. The application-driven objective was to obtain reliable and practically interpretable KDE surfaces of crime events. Several options for improving and extending the investigated KDE methods are demonstrated. Keywords: crime events; spatial point pattern; probability mass and density functions; bandwidth selectors; relative risk estimator.

Chirality, either of light or matter, has proved to be very practical in biosensing and nanophotonics. However, the fundamental understanding of its temporal dynamics still needs to be discovered. A realistic setup for this are the so-called metastructures, since they are optically active and are built massively, hence rendering an immediate potential candidate. Here we propose and study the electromagnetic-optical mechanism leading to chiral optical imprinting on metastructures. Induced photothermal responses create anisotropic permittivity modulations, different for left or right circularly polarized light, leading to temporal-dependent chiral imprinting of hot-spots, namely imprinting of chirality. The above effect has not been observed yet, but it is within reach of modern experimental approaches. The proposed nonlinear chiroptical effect is general and should appear in any anisotropic material; however, we need to design a particular geometry for this effect to be strong. These new chiral time-dependent metastructures may lead to a plethora of applications., Comment: Main (29 pages, 6 figures) and supplemental (46 pages, 35 figures)

Background. Urinary tract infections remain one of the urgent problems in the aspect of qualified medical care. The causative agents of nosocomial infections are becoming more and more resistant to the drugs used, while the rate of new drugs synthesis is lower than the rate of development of antibiotic resistance. Routine and empirical prevention of recurrent urinary tract infections is often ineffective. Aim. To study the efficacy and safety of intravesical application of the drug based on bacteriophages in therapy in patients with chronic recurrent cystitis. Materials and methods. A clinical study was carried out to study the efficacy and safety of the drug for intravesical administration based on bacteriophages in therapy in patients with chronic recurrent cystitis. The study included 75 patients who were divided into 3 groups in a 1: 1: 1 ratio. In the main group, the drug for intravesical administration based on bacteriophages, as well as rectal suppositories with bacteriophages were used; in the control group only a drug for intravesical administration based on bacteriophages or rectal suppositories with bacteriophages. On visits 1-4, all patients underwent a clinical blood test, general urine analysis, bacteriological urine analysis, as well as urine analysis by the polymerase chain reaction method. The analysis of the patients condition in groups was carried out according to the dynamics of main clinical symptoms changes, data from validated scales for assessing pelvic pain and urgency/frequency of urination and assessment of symptoms of acute cystitis (Acute Cystitis Symptom Score ACSS), as well as the dynamics of changes in objective parameters of laboratory studies and possible changes in sensitivity uropathogens to antibacterial drugs. Results. The average age of the patients included in the study was 50.6 years. In all 3 groups, bacteriological examination of urine showed a predominant growth of Escherichia coli (3104 CFU/ml). In the course of the study, there was a good tolerance to therapy, a decrease in clinical symptoms, as well as a significant decrease in the total score according to the pelvic pain scale and urgency/frequency of urination and the ACSS scale in all patients. Conclusion. The emergence of a large number of microorganisms resistant to various antibiotics and their rapid spread in the environment has led to an increase in scientific interest in bacteriophage therapy as an alternative method of treatment. The overall subjective effectiveness of the therapy in our study was more than 80%, safety - 100%. Further research will allow for a personalized approach to the treatment of infectious diseases of the urinary system.

BACKGROUND: Pregnancy may be associated with adverse outcome in women with congenital heart disease (CHD). However, data regarding the outcome of pregnancy in women with CHD who receive care in cardiac-obstetric expert units are limited. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed baseline characteristics and outcome of pregnancy in 67 females with CHD who received medical care in our tertiary center for 61 singleton and 6 twin pregnancies between 2009 and 2018. RESULTS: According to the modified World Health Organization (mWHO) risk scale for pregnancy, CHD lesions in 39 enrolled women (58%) were classified as mWHO class I or II, and in 28 females (42%) as mWHO class III or IV. Preterm births were more frequent in mWHO classes III or IV (P=0.003). Cardiac signs and complications occurred more often in mWHO classes III or IV than in women with cardiac lesions assigned to mWHO classes I or II (42.9% vs. 7.7%, P=0.002). N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) levels during pregnancy were higher in mWHO classes III or IV than in mWHO classes I or II (median 269.0 vs. 115.5 pg/mL, P=0.019). Presence of functional NYHA class III [odds ratio (OR) per standard deviation (SD) 8.8, 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.2–57.2, P=0.008] and mWHO classes III/IV (OR per SD 3.4, 95% CI: 1.2–9.9, P=0.018) prior to pregnancy were identified as independent predictors of adverse cardiac outcome of pregnancy. CONCLUSIONS: Adverse cardiac events and preterm deliveries should be anticipated in pregnant women with CHD, especially in those with mWHO classes III or IV. Therefore, these pregnancies should be under close surveillance and managed in specialized, multidisciplinary tertiary referral centers. Preconception counseling including individualized risk assessment is strongly recommended in women with CHD.

Nanoscopic chiroptics studies the spin-dependent asymmetric light–matter interactions at the nanoscale, where the asymmetry can stem from the intrinsic properties of materials, structures, light or combinations thereof. With the emergence of low-dimensional materials platforms, such as metasurfaces, transition metal dichalcogenides and perovskites, nanoscopic chiroptics has been extended from the far field to the near field, and further developed from the spatial dimension, to the momentum dimension and the integrated spatial–momentum dimension. This expansion of nanoscopic chiroptics across dimensions has uncovered new physical mechanisms and manifestations of chiral effects. It also led to applications such as valleytronics, chiral sensing and chiral photochemistry. This Perspective focuses on the progress in nanoscopic chiroptics through the lens of the associated dimensionalities, discussing the opportunities in integrated optics, photochemistry, quantum optics and biochemical synthesis and analysis. Nanoscopic chiroptics studies the spin-dependent asymmetric light–matter interactions at the nanoscale, where the asymmetry can stem from the intrinsic properties of materials, structures or light. This Perspective establishes an overarching framework for nanoscopic chiroptics across the spatial, moment and integrated spatial–momentum dimensions, and discusses applications enabled by this approach.

Prostate cancer (РСа), being one of the leading causes of cancer mortality in men in Russia and in a number of other countries of the world, remains an urgent problem for modern oncourology, and the choice of surgical method is an important task for a surgeon. Such a pronounced interest in robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) in patients is driven by good tolerance and effectiveness of these surgical interventions, despite the fact that radical prostatectomy is considered to be the "gold standard" for treatment of patients with clinically localized РСа with regard to European Association of Urology data. The long-term oncological and functional results and the quality of life of patients after RARP deserve close attention and thorough study. According to the data presented in this article, it is obvious that RARP is the preferred method for surgical treatment of РСа, since oncological and functional results in the long-term follow-up are comparable to the results after radical prostatectomy, and according to some authors, these results are superior to the results of radical prostatectomy. The results of the study will allow to continue further introduction of RARP into clinical practice and its popularization as a method of surgical treatment of patients with localized PCa, which will reduce the length of hospital stay of patients, accelerate their medical and social rehabilitation, and improve the quality of medical care.The amount of data on the study of distant oncological and functional results of RARP as well as its superiority over other treatment methods is limited in medical literature, which prompted us to conduct our own research. Currently the urological clinic of the A.I. Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry continues work aimed at studying the longterm results of RARP in the first patients in Russia.

In a previous study, we showed that serine/threonine-protein kinase 4 (STK4) is involved in the control on proliferation and migration of endometrial cancer (EC) cells in vitro. In the present paper, we studied STK4 expression in EC tissues from a large cohort of patients to determine whether STK4 can serve as a marker for the aggressiveness and prognosis of EC. Tissue samples from patients with EC were examined for tumor type, grade, and stage. The STK4 protein expression in EC cells was assessed by immunohistochemistry and related to clinicopathological data of patients, such as progression and patient survival rate. The STK4 mRNA levels and its relation to the survival rate were analyzed also in publicly available databases. The STK4 gene expression was low at both, the mRNA and protein levels in EC, especially in serous tumors. Comparison of STK4 expression with the patient survival rate shows that the higher expression is associated with worse prognosis in serous EC, while no such dependence was found in endometrioid EC. Hence, the determination of the SKT4 expression pattern could be used as a putative prognostic marker for serous EC.

We prove #P-completeness results for counting edge colorings on simple graphs. These strengthen the corresponding results on multigraphs from [4] . We prove that for any κ ≥ r ≥ 3 counting κ-edge colorings on r-regular simple graphs is #P-complete. Furthermore, we show that for planar r-regular simple graphs, where r ∈ { 3 , 4 , 5 } , counting edge colorings with κ colors for any κ ≥ r is also #P-complete. As there are no planar r-regular simple graphs for any r > 5 , these statements cover all interesting cases in terms of the parameters ( κ , r ) .

Chiral plasmonic nanostructures exhibit anomalously strong chiroptical signals and offer the possibility to realize asymmetric photophysical and photochemical processes controlled by circularly polarized light. Here, we use a chiral DNA-assembled nanorod pair as a model system for chiral plasmonic photomelting. We show that both the enantiomeric excess and consequent circular dichroism can be controlled with chiral light. The nonlinear chiroptical response of our plasmonic system results from the chiral photothermal effect leading to selective melting of the DNA linker strands. Our study describes both the single-complex and collective heating regimes, which should be treated with different models. The chiral asymmetry factors of the calculated photothermal and photomelting effects exceed the values typical for the chiral molecular photochemistry at least 10-fold. Our proposed mechanism can be used to develop chiral photoresponsive systems controllable with circularly polarized light.

The article considers a syllabus as a core component of the educational program and an essential tool for describing an academic course for both a teacher and a student. Nowadays, there is gradual automation of document flow in educational institutions, including educa-tional and methodological documentation. It is required to develop the university's information system and the algorithm itself for the formal and content-wise review to automate the syllabus validation and verification process. The syllabus review process at St. Petersburg State University, RANEPA, and HSE was considered in the study. Therefore, a universal algorithm applicable to information systems has been designed. Since March 2021, ITMO University has been widely using “Educational Program Maker” web service to manage educational program elements. The developed system utilizes educational analytics methods which are widely used in online education for student behavior patterns evaluation and education results improvement. The proposed algorithm is implemented for syllabi development and review. Introduction of the module for the syllabi creation in a standardized and unified format allows to describe the prerequisites and post requisites of academic courses and link various educational activities with learning outcomes, making it possible to reveal the course content. Introducing the verification modules made it possible to automate the process of syllabi approvement

New data are presented on the nymphal biology of a praying mantis, Severinia turcomaniae (Saussure, 1872), which has recently spread to the deserts of the Lower Volga Region. Nymphs of 3rd and 4th ...

Graph homomorphism has been an important research topic since its introduction [20]. Stated in the language of binary relational structures in that paper [20], Lovász proved a fundamental theorem that, for a graph H given by its 0-1 valued adjacency matrix, the graph homomorphism function G ↦ hom( G , H ) determines the isomorphism type of H . In the past 50 years, various extensions have been proved by many researchers [1, 15, 21, 24, 26]. These extend the basic 0-1 case to admit vertex and edge weights; but these extensions all have some restrictions such as all vertex weights must be positive. In this article, we prove a general form of this theorem where H can have arbitrary vertex and edge weights. A noteworthy aspect is that we prove this by a surprisingly simple and unified argument. This bypasses various technical obstacles and unifies and extends all previous known versions of this theorem on graphs. The constructive proof of our theorem can be used to make various complexity dichotomy theorems for graph homomorphism effective in the following sense: it provides an algorithm that for any H either outputs a P-time algorithm solving hom(&sdot, H ) or a P-time reduction from a canonical #P-hard problem to hom(&sdot, H ).

The underlying principles in the system of organization and technological support of machinery optimum life providing for the comparison of initial actual (rated) life of a part with machine specific life are considered. A significant role of strengthening, renovation and combined technologies to support machinery efficient life is emphasized.

Endometriosis of the anterior abdominal wall is a rare disease comprising 0.3–3.5 %. In turn, its diagnosis is quite challenging due to the nonspecific picture, including pain in the anterior abdominal wall during menstruation. Upon clinical examination, a thickened area may be observed in the anterior abdominal wall, usually in the area of tissue involved in surgery. Ultrasound examination is a simple, economical, and reliable method of choice to diagnose extragenital endometriosis. Here we describe a case report of the patient after surgery of anterior abdominal endometriosis localized in the rectus abdominis muscle in the umbilical region and confirmed by ultrasound test and morphological examination of excised macroscopic sample.

Plasmon-induced photocatalysis can drive photochemical processes with an unprecedented control of reactivity, using light as sole energy source. Nevertheless, disentangling the relative importance of thermal and non-thermal features upon plasmonic excitation remains a difficult task. In this work we intend to separate the role played by the photogenerated charge carriers from thermal mechanisms in the plasmonic photo-oxidation of a model organic substrate in aqueous solution and using a metal-semiconductor hybrid as model photocatalyst. Accordingly, we present a simple set of experimental procedures and simulations that allow us to discard the thermal dissipation upon plasmonic excitation as the main driving force behind these chemical reactions. Moreover, we also study the photogeneration of reactive oxygen species (ROS), discussing their fundamental role in photo-oxidation reactions and the information they provide regarding the reactivity of the photogenerated electrons and holes.

Hierarchical, chiral hybrid superstructures of chromophores and nanoparticles are expected to give rise to intriguing unveiled chiroptical responses originating from the complex chiral interactions among the components. Herein, DNA origami cavity that could self-assemble into one-dimensional (1D) DNA tubes was employed as a scaffold to accurately organize metal nanoparticles and chromophores. The chiral interactions were studied at the level of individual hybrid particles and their 1D hybrid superstructures. Complex chirality mechanisms involving global structural chirality, plasmon-induced circular dichroism (PICD) and exciton-coupled circular dichroism (ECCD) were disentangled. The multiplexed CD spectrum superposition revealed the chirality evolution at different length scales. These results can offer a model for boosting the theoretical understanding of classical-quantum hybrid systems, and would inspire the future design of optically-active substances across length scales.

Several markers of survival among endometrial cancer (EC) patients have been proposed, namely, the oncoprotein stathmin, RAF kinase inhibitor (RKIP), Cyclin A, GATA-binding protein 3 (GATA3), and growth and differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15). Their elevated expression correlated significantly with a high stage, serous papillary/clear cell subtypes, and aneuploidy. In a previous study, we reported the elevated expression of the serine/threonine protein kinase N1 (PKN1) in cancerous cells. In the present paper, we studied PKN1 expression in EC tissues from a large cohort of patients, to determine whether PKN1 can serve as a marker for the aggressiveness and prognosis of EC, and/or as a marker of survival among EC patients.Tissue samples from EC patients were examined retrospectively for tumor type, tumor size, FIGO stage and grade, depth of invasion in the myometrium, and presence of lymph node metastasis. The PKN1 protein expression in EC cells was assessed by immunohistochemistry.We found that expression ofWe have shown a trend of the higher

Hot electrons generated in metallic nanostructures have shown promising perspectives for photodetection. This has prompted efforts to enhance the absorption of photons by metals. However, most strategies require fine-tuning of the geometric parameters to achieve perfect absorption, accompanied by the demanding fabrications. Here, we theoretically propose a Ag grating/TiO2 cladding hybrid structure for hot electron photodetection (HEPD) by combining quasi-bound states in the continuum (BIC) and plasmonic hot electrons. Enabled by quasi-BIC, perfect absorption can be readily achieved and it is robust against the change of several structural parameters due to the topological nature of BIC. Also, we show that the guided mode can be folded into the light cone by introducing a disturbance to become a guided resonance, which then gives rise to a narrow-band HEPD that is difficult to be achieved in the high loss gold plasmonics. Combining the quasi-BIC and the guided resonance, we also realize a multiband HEPD with near-perfect absorption. Our work suggests new routes to enhance the light-harvesting in plasmonic nanosystems.

International audience; We theoretically study hot electron generation through the emission of a dipole source coupled to a nanoresonator on a metal surface. In our hybrid approach, we solve the time-harmonic Maxwell's equations numerically and apply a quantum model to predict the efficiency of hot electron generation. Strongly confined electromagnetic fields and the strong enhancement of hot electron generation at the metal surface are predicted and are further interpreted with the theory of quasinormal modes. In the investigated nanoresonator setup, both the emitting source and the acceptor resonator are localized in the same volume, and this configuration looks promising to achieve high efficiencies of hot electron generation. By comparing with the efficiency calculated in the absence of the plasmonic nanoresonator, that is, the dipole source is located near a flat, unstructured metal surface, we show that the effective excitation of the modes of the nanoresonator boosts the generation efficiency of energetic charge carriers. The proposed scheme can be used in tip-based spectroscopies and other optoelectronic applications.