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One should always be careful about giving advice: whether, when, how and what. This is especially the case if the advice is unsolicited. “Now, let me give you some advice”, is generally an unpropitious opening to a conversation. But even when advice is invited, one should tread cautiously. In this instance, I was invited by the editor-in-chief of the Christian Scholar’s Review to write this essay, which gives me some sort of mandate for what follows. And, if you are reading this, it is not unreasonable of me to think that you are looking for advice. (The title rather gives it away). But if not, then please read no further; it may benefit neither you nor me.

International audience; The SolHoM(a) project aims at determining the degree of landscape anthropisation in the Fossard massif (Remiremont, Vosges, France) by estimating the impact of past human occupations on current soils. Nowadays, a forest covers this relatively inhospitable mountain (hard climate, steep slopes, acid soils ...), but some remains suggest human presence for at least 1400 years.The Saint-Mont is a variscan orogenic granitic summit (height 672m) with valuable preserved archaeological relics, located south of the Fossard. At the top was founded the monasterium Habendum (from the 7th century to the French Revolution), which potentially comes after a late-antic castrum.Furthermore, monumental enclosure dry-stones walls, not yet clearly linked with the monastery, crosses the massif.Our methodology is first experienced on the Saint-Mont, well documented by recent archaeological research. It features:- sampling soil transects presenting a clear gradient from highly to poorly human impacted areas. According to those transects, soils are sampled and characterised (physico-chemistry, soil micromorphology, analysis of organic matter, dating); this should highlight traces of past human activity;- a development of algorithms to detect geometric structures in the raw LiDAR data provided by the PCR AGER(b) (Ch. Kraemer, dir). This research might help archaeologists to determine areas influenced or not by men.Once tested on the Saint-Mont, this approach will be applied to another archaeologically less investigated area of the Fossard.First field works highlight two soil sequences:- the first one, near a probable merovingian wall close to the monastery, reveals a very black 80cm deep unit,- the second one, far-off the monastery and beside the enclosure dry-stone wall, is less thick but have a thin black unit buried under 20 cm of pedogenised sediment.Physico-chemical and soil micromorphological analyses are in progress. The coming study of profiles/sequences more distant from archaeological sites will contribute to estimate the degree of soils anthropisation in the Saint-Mont.(a) Interactions Sol-Hommes-Milieux(b) ArchéoGEographie du premier Remiremont et de ses abords

En aquest article es presenta el relat de les històries personals de deu joves geògrafs i geògrafes centrades en la seva formació acadèmica i en les respectives experiències i trajectòries en el món laboral. No pretén ser una mostra representativa de l’actual panorama professional al nostre país, sinó, tan sols, fer arribar al lector deu trajectòries individuals que tenen com a fil conductor l’intent d’assolir l’exercici professional i estable de la geografia En este artículo se presenta el relato de las historias personales de diez jóvenes geógrafos y geógrafas centradas en su formación académica y en las respectivas experiencias y trayectorias en el mundo laboral. No pretende ser una muestra representativa del actual panorama profesional en nuestro país, sino, solamente, hacer llegar al lector diez trayectorias individuales que tienen como hilo conductor el intento de alcanzar el ejercicio profesional y estable de la geografía Dans cet article on y trouvera les histoires personnelles de dix jeunes géographes des deux sexes en relation à sa formation académique et leurs expériences et trajectoires professionnelles. Il n’est pas une représentation du panorama professionnel actuel mais, montrer dix trajectoires individuelles qui ont en commun la volonté de reussir l’exercice professionnel et stable de la géographie The aim of the article is to offer the life history of ten young geographers of both sexs with a focus in their academic background and in their professional experiences in the labour market. The sample does not intend to be representative of the current geography labour market but to show ten individual trajectories that have in common to reach the professionalisation and stabilization within the discipline

Le Nord québécois est un milieu géographique complexe et relativement peu connu. L’adoption du Plan Nord (2011) a suscité un renouveau d’intérêt à son égard, malgré la pertinence relative et les aléas du projet. Néanmoins, des géographes québécois s’intéressent au Nord depuis plusieurs décennies. Ces travaux, dont le pionnier est incontestablement Louis-Edmond Hamelin, offrent différentes lectures du Nord québécois ou canadien. Celles-ci se déclinent selon la dimension épistémologique ou selon un angle plus sociopolitique. Nous voulons donc comparer les diverses conceptions du Nord de quatre auteurs reconnus : Louis-Edmond Hamelin, Christian Morissonneau, Jules Dufour et Caroline Desbiens. Ils s’inscrivent dans un continuum temporel sur plus d’un demi-siècle, bien que leurs écrits sur le Nord ne présentent pas de continuité parfaite sur le plan des idées. Le résultat de cette recherche offrira un panorama des écrits de géographes québécois sur un territoire géographiquement important, voire sur une caractéristique, la nordicité, qu’on retrouve à différents degrés sur l’ensemble du territoire québécois., Northern Quebec is a complex geographical environment which is still relatively unknown. Quebec’s Plan Nord (2011) has brought a renewed interest in the region, despite the ups and downs of the project. Nevertheless, Quebec geographers have been interested in the North for several decades. Their work, pioneered by Louis-Edmond Hamelin, offers different readings of Northern Quebec and Canada. Their writings can be analyzed through an epistemological dimension or a sociopolitical angle. The aim of this research is to compare the different visions of four well-known authors: Louis-Edmond Hamelin, Christian Morissonneau, Jules Dufour, and Caroline Desbiens. They all seem to be part of a time continuum that spreads over half a century, although their writings on the North present a range of approaches and ideas. The results will offer a panorama of their writings on a massive piece of land in Quebec, and on a particularity: nordicity, which can be found at different levels across the province., El Norte quebequense constituye un medio geográfico complejo, poco conocido. La adopción del Plan Nord (2011) ha creado un nuevo interés, pese a su relativa pertinencia y a sus vicisitudes. Sin embargo, desde hace varias décadas, los geógrafos quebequenses se interesan del Norte. Entre ellos, Luis-Edmond Hamelin es incontestablemente el pionero. Sus trabajos ofrecen diferentes lecturas del Norte quebequense o canadiense, ya sea según la dimensión epistemológica o según un enfoque sociopolítico. En la presente investigación comparamos diversas concepciones del Norte según cuatro autores destacados: Luis-Edmond Hamelin, Christian Morissonneau, Jules Dufour y Caroline Desbiens que se sitúan a lo largo de un continuum de más de medio siglo, aunque esos escritos sobre el Norte no presenten continuidad perfecta en el plano de las ideas. Como resultado de la investigación ofrecemos una variedad de textos escritos por geógrafos quebequenses a cerca de un territorio geográficamente importante, sea sobre una característica, la nordicidad, presente en grados diferentes sobre todo el territorio quebequense.

Reflective inquiries to better understand ‘the rural’ have tried to embed rural research within the notion of performativity. Performativity assumes that the capacity of language is not simply to communicate but also to consummate action, whereupon citational uses of concepts produce a series of material effects. Of late, this philosophical shift has also implicated geographers as active agents in producing, reproducing and performing rurality. This paper provides a critical evaluation of what this new insistence really means for the production of geographical knowledge. Using framework analysis as a method, the paper scrutinizes several reportedly influential papers on the topic of rural performativity. Our findings reveal that, while indeed reflexive on issues of academic integrity, methodology and ethics, performances of rurality are continuedly placed ‘out there’ amongst ‘rural people’, i.e. in a priori defined and often stereotypically understood contexts, either by way of ‘spatial delimitation’ or ‘activity delimitation’. Effectively, such testimonies provide a truncated state of fidelity, where performance- oriented reflexivity is seconded by contradictory empirics of uneven value and with few commonalities. We conclude that by turning towards performativity as an allegedly more helpful way of obtaining rural coherence, we at the same time overlook our own role in keeping ‘rural theory’ alive.

In this paper, the importance is underlined of promoting higher education and training courses and opportunities, focused on a close connection between GIS and geography to cover topics of remarkable and daily social interest. In the first part of the contribution, some educational key points are defined in order to fuel a virtuous circle which can provide considerable methodological and applied skills in the use of GIS applications. It is considered fundamental to broaden one’s mind, to provide practice to the theories, to give enthusiasm and security in one’s own skills, to create a community of Geographers able to provide important added value in different research fields and workplaces. Therefore, it seems essential to build a trait d’union between the university and the workplace. Particular attention is attributed to well-structured university modules founded on GIS applications, to intensive courses for postgraduates and to the geocartographic laboratories. In the second part of the paper, the focus will be on some examples of professional profiles for Geographers in order to define specific professional categories. In particular, ten application fields for Geographers with high competences and abilities in GIS environment are identified and explained with relative examples. In all these cases, a rigorous approach founded on geographical contents and a wide, updated and concrete use of GIS functionalities and extensions is required.

Thispaper analyzes the international publication performance of Turkish geographersin the last 70 years (1945-2015), especially by focusing on over the past decade(2005-2015) experience from a critical perspective. Using the Web of Science platform, thepaper analyzes the research outputs and impacts ofTurkish geographers in 46 physical and 76 human geography journals aswell as other journals indexed in SCI-SSCI. The findings show that Turkish geographers published318 articles in the indexed journals during 70 years period, but 274 (86%) ofthem were in the last 10 years.The number of articles during thelast decade has shown a great leap (9 times), but their quality has decreasedby 3 times compared to the past.Only 20% of Turkish geographers havepublished in indexed journals and, among them, only few actors have publishedmost of the papers. While physical geographers have achieved a significantincrease in the number of articles, the success of human geography has been largelythanks to geography education. 77% of the articles have not appeared ingeographical journals, instead published in non-disciplinary, easy-fast lowimpact factor journals. Most of the published articles originated from the youngdepartments in Anatolia, not from the old departments in metropolis. The factthat only 8-16% of all articles from Turkey published by Turkish geographers meanthat Turkish physical geography is still more represented by geologistsand Turkish human geography by city-regional planners than geographers at leastin the international arena. As a result, although the level of internationalizationof the Turkish geography is still low, a very positive process has started inthe last 10 years. However, this positive process is not a “completeinternationalization”, but in some respects, it is a “distortedinternationalization”., Buçalışma son 70 yılda (1945-2015) Türk coğrafyacılarının uluslararası yayınperformansını analiz etmektedir. Çalışmanın amacı, Türk coğrafyasının uluslararasılaşma düzeyini 7 farklı parametreyoluyla ampirik olarak saptamak ve özelikle son 10 yılda (2005-2015) gelinennoktayı kritik perspektiften değerlendirmektir. Bu çerçevede Web of Scienceveri tabanı kullanılarak coğrafyacıların SCI-SSCI indekslerinde tarananuluslararası dergilerde ve bu indekslere giren 46 fiziki ve 76 beşeri coğrafyadergisinde yaptıkları yayınlar analiz edilmiştir. Bulgular, Türkcoğrafyacılarının 70 yıllık dönemde indekse giren dergilerde toplam 318 makaleyayınladığını ancak bunun 274 tanesinin (%86) son 10 yılda basıldığınıgöstermektedir. Coğrafyacıların son 10 yılda yayın sayısı büyük bir atılım (9kat) göstermiş ancak yayınların kalitesi eskiye göre 3 kat düşmüş ve birçokyayın hiç atıf almamıştır. Türkiye’deki coğrafyacıların sadece %20’siindeksli dergilerde yayın yapmış, ancak bu yayınların çoğunu da disipliniçindeki az sayıda aktör yapmıştır. Fizikicoğrafyacılar uluslararası işbirlikleri sayesinde yurtdışı yayın sayısındabüyük bir artış sağlarken, beşeri coğrafyanın başarısının önemli bir kısmıcoğrafya eğitimi sayesinde olmuştur. Coğrafyacılaryayınladıkları makalelerin %77’sini disiplinin kendi dergilerinde değil, alandışında yer alan, etki faktörü düşük kolay dergilerde yapmışlardır. Yayınların çoğu üç büyük metropoldeki köklübölümlerden ziyade Anadolu’daki yeni bölümlerden kaynaklanmaktadır. Artanyurtdışı yayına rağmen, indekslicoğrafya dergilerinde Türkiye’den yapılan yayınların fiziki coğrafya alanında sadece %16’sı,beşeri coğrafya alanında da sadece %8’i Türkiye’deki coğrafyacılar tarafındanyapılırken, geri kalanı coğrafyacı olmayan Türkler tarafından yapılmıştır. Budurum en azından uluslararasıarenada Türkiye’yi halen, fizikicoğrafyada jeologların, beşeri coğrafyada da şehir-bölge plancılarınıncoğrafyacılardan daha fazla temsil ettiğini göstermektedir. Sonuç olarakTürk coğrafyasının uluslararasılaşma düzeyi halen düşük olmakla beraber, son 10yılda olumlu bir sürecin başladığını vurgulamak gerekir. Ancak bu olumlu sürecintam bir uluslararasılaşma değil, bazı yönlerden “çarpık bir uluslararasılaşma” olduğunuda belirtmek gerekir.

Sobre el geògraf català Pau Vila i Dinarès

En la història de la geografia catalana, els noms de Pau Vila i de Marc-Aureli Vila conformen un tàndem particular. Parlem de dues persones intrínsecament properes pare i fill que van compartir dilatats períodes de les seves respectives trajectòries vitals,repartides entreCatalunya iAmèrica, per raó de l'exili. I que, a desgrat d'uns perfils professionals en molts sentits diferenciats, van dedicar una part molt significativa de les seves vides al conreu de la ciència geogràfica.

Concepts are the basic building blocks of all knowledge, while the strength of the theories that guide any societal project is dependent on the quality those concepts. Contrarily, the utilization of questionable concepts will result in questionable material effects. As two of the oldest geographical concepts still in widespread use, ‘rural’ and ‘urban’ stand in stark contrast to the immense changes encountered by society over the last century, let alone decades. Steady, fast-paced transformations in the environmental, economic and social dimensions have rendered the rural/urban binary a contentious one – a conceptual vestige of sorts, whose blurred and malleable characteristics, immense spatial coverage and aspectual all-inclusiveness have come to form an odd marriage between bygone world views and a globalized 21st-century reality of interconnectedness. The aim of this thesis is to critically evaluate our use of the concepts ‘rural/urban’ in order to help erase the contagion of indifference attached to them in a recalcitrant reality of admissibility. This compilation thesis consists of five theoretically and methodically diverse papers and a summative part inspired by a much wider range of ideas. By combining geographical perspectives with insights from critical theory, cognitive psychology and STS, this eclectic work addresses the phenomenon of rural/urban thinking using a new syntax and a new argumentative narrative with the ambition to change the way that thinking is apprehended and acted upon. With a focus on performativity, constitution and implications of concepts governed by various subject positions and psychosocial factors, this work lays the groundwork for an under-researched dimension of ‘rural/urban’ – that of the human condition – amidst an exceptionally rich conceptual literature on what ‘rural/urban’ “is” or “means”. Three basic conclusions stem from this work. Firstly, anyone talking about ‘rural/urban’ is performing it, and we have no mandate to project ‘rural/urban’ performances onto “people out there” and then evaluate how ‘rural/urban’ is like by examining those people’s actions. Secondly, ‘rural/urban’ are ridden with too many problems with regard to their basic conceptual constitution that their signification is unlikely to converge with what we are trying to explain. Thirdly, since ‘rural/urban’ as spatial concepts are often used with regard to human activities, there is a risk of conflating land with people, and thus forfeiting the core of our approach. Given these three important conceptual problems there is also the likelihood that ‘rural/urban’ may tacitly contribute to the retention of some pressing societal problems. This thesis makes the case for reconfiguring our relationship with familiar conceptions of societal organization. Its principal contribution is to help facilitate decisions on whether ‘rural/urban’ are truly analytically contributory to a specific line of action or whether they serve merely as a cultural ostinato acquired by external, scientifically and societally undesirable, mechanisms.

Kroz rad geografa u Leksikografskom zavodu Miroslav Krleža, jedinoj znanstvenoj ustanovi u Hrvatskoj koja se bavi leksikografijom, predstavit će se specifičan aspekt primjene geografije u suvremenom hrvatskom društvu. Veze između geografije i leksikografije dugotrajne su i postojane te uglavnom dobre, o čemu svjedoči kontinuirano zapošljavanje geografa u Zavodu, značajan broj više ili manje »geografskih« i kartografskih projekta, raznovrsnost tema kojima se bave geografi–leksikografi te tradicionalno značajan udio geografskih sadržaja u općim i regionalnim zavodskim izdanjima. Taj odnos katkada može biti narušen zbog podzastupljenosti geografskih sadržaja u odnosu na sadržaje drugih struka u nekim složenim enciklopedijskim natuknicama i/ili nepovoljne strukture geografskih sadržaja. Poboljšanje bi trebalo tražiti u poticanju geografa da se bave temama koje bi olakšale sustavnu i dosljednu leksikografsku obradu te u stalnoj implementaciji suvremenih geografskih spoznaja u leksikografsku građu primjenom suvremenih leksikografskih pristupa., Through the work of geographers in the Miroslav Krleža Institute of Lexicography, the only scientific institution of its kind in Croatia, we will present a specific aspect of the application of geography in contemporary Croatian society. Links between geography and lexicography have been long-lasting, stable and generally good, which can be seen in the continued employment of geographers at the Institute, a significant number of more or less “geographical” and cartographical projects, diversity of topics geographers-lexicographers deal with and the traditionally significant portion of geographical content in general and regional publications of the Institute. This relationship can sometimes be disrupted due to the underrepresentation of geographical content in regards to the content of other fields in some complex encyclopaedic entries and/or unfavourable structure of geographical content. Improvement should be sought in the encouragement of geographers to pursue topics which would make systematic and consistent lexicographical analysis easier and in constant implementation of contemporary geographical notions into lexicographical works using contemporary lexicographical approaches.

International audience; Adaptation to climate change can be currently considered as a societal challenge whose geographer must claim back. His capacity to understand the territory and its actors, and his holistic vision, make him a privileged partner of the public urban planners. This paper, concerning an ongoing project about the Greater Lyon, highlights the role of the geographer in the structuration and innovation, according to an integrated process and inside a plural scientific observation structure.; L’adaptation au changement climatique constitue un défi sociétal dont le géographe doit s’emparer. Sa capacité d’appréhender le territoire et ses acteurs, ainsi que sa vision holistique, en font un interlocuteur privilégié des politiques publiques d’aménagement. A partir d’un retour d’expérience concernant la métropole lyonnaise, cette publication démontre le rôle joué par le géographe dans la structuration et l’innovation, selon une démarche intégrée et au sein d’une structure plurielle d’observation scientifique.

This paper is about geographers, respectively, their role in studying natural hazards and disasters. The first part of this article is about analysis of electronic visible results (papers, conferences, projects) of the scientists. The papers, as the most often form of contribution in studying of natural hazards and disasters, have been analyzed according to their subject matter, who wrote them, respectively, how much the geographers were involved in that matter, according to the time when they were written and journals in which they were published. In the second part of this article is given attention to the geographers who are not occupied with the science. Investigation is made concerning their attitudes about their knowledge acquired during their studies - how much it was used within their job so far, or it could be used in order to have certain influence to their students, colleagues or any local inhabitants for education, prevention and protection from natural hazards and disasters. The attitudes of geographers about knowledge of certain types of natural hazards were illustrated by usage of descriptive statistics. By t-test were searched differences of attitudes between generations who matured with Internet and older ones. One-factor analysis of ANOVA variance was used for identification of differences between attitudes of geographers who had different occupations. Post-hoc Tuckey HSD test separated geographers in tourism as those who do not see the possibility to contribute in studying and preventing natural hazards and disasters within their profession. The aim of this work was to draw attention that the geographers who were not involved in science, felt ready and competent for monitoring of natural hazards at the local level and such written tracks might serve for future scientific investigations. [Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. 47007 III]

Le monde slave n’a jamais été étranger pour les peuples de l’Occident musulman et de l’Andalousie, Une certaine image qui coïncide avec les prémices des périples en dehors de l’espace arabo-musulman a été véhiculée déjà depuis le dixième siècle par Al Massoudi et Ibn Fadhlan. Les rapports qu’entretinrent les Omayyades de l’Andalousie avec certains royaumes du nord de l’Europe ont aussi contribué à dépendre une certaine vision de ce monde et qu’on retouve chez Al Bakri qui a puisé la matière de son recit chez Ibn Al Warrak. Dans la grille des valeurs des géographes arabes, c’est ainsi que les nations des Bulgares et des Hongrois qualifiés de primitives et sauvages ont commencé à s’immiscer dans le monde des civilisés. On est disposé à admettre que les transformations qu’a connues le monde méditerranéen et qui avaient atteint leur apogée vers 1100, sont à l’origine d’une image plus claire et plus précise, chez les géographes de l’Occident musulman ; Al Idrissi, tirant profit de l’énorme potentiel mis à sa disposition par les Normands, évoque les Balkans comme une région prospère. Cette prospérité aurait incité son contemporain Abu Hamed Al Gharnati (mort vers 1130) qui prenant appui sur ses rapports personnels avec le ministre Séljeukide, osa s’aventure jusqu’à la Hongrie et résider dans le pays Basqurd largement islamisé. Quant à Ibn Jubair, il se contenta de relever la présence de prélerins bulgares à bord d’un navire génois sur lequel il s’était lui-même embarqué dans le pays du levant. Ibn Said (mort a 1280) de son coté, disposait de connaissances précises sur les peuples bulgares puisqu’il avait résidé a l’est byzantin. Plus tard, la matière scientifique livrée par les géographes et les voyageurs se caractérise par son indigence et ne dépasse pas les frontières du monde arabo-musulman. Les avancées réalisées avec les Ottomans serait à l’origine d’un certain regain d’intérêt pour ces contrées. C’est ce qui encouragea Ibn Battouta (vers 1334) et Ibn Assabbah (mort en 1388) à les visiter. Attirés surtout par tout ce qui relève du merveilleux, leurs récits manquent de profondeur. The Slavic world was not that unfamiliar to the Islamic Maghreb countries and Andalucía. A fuzzy picture of the area was available through the early journeys outside the Arab-Islamic space (Al Massoudi and Ibn Fadhlan, 10th century). Relationships between the Omayyad Andalucía and some Northern Europe states contributed in enhancing that picture (Ibn Al Warraq quoted by Al Bikri, 11th Century). Bulgarian and Hungarian nations started to come into the civil world (according to the classical Islamic geography standard) regardless of their primitive and wild character. It was quite natural that the dramatic changes that occurred in the Mediterranean world during the 11th century took part in drawing a better and more modern picture of the Slavic region among Arab travelers and geographers. Hence, Al Idrissi took advantage of the Norman knowledge to draw a nice map of the Balkans. Encouraged by Al Idrissi work and pushed by a good relationship with a Seleucid minister, a contemporary fellow, Abu Hamed Al Gharnati (died ca 1170) made an incursion up to Hungary then resided in the Lapshkard province that embraced Islam later on. Ibn Jubair limited himself to simply mention the presence of some Bulgarian pilgrims on a Genoa ship sailing from Al-Sham coast. Furthermore, Ibn Said (died 1280) knew quite well the Hungarian natives because he was living for a while at the Eastern Roman Christian border. Later on, expeditions to, as well as knowledge of the Slavic region became scarce. Travelling became limited to the Islamic World only. Islamic geographers’ works of that time are not that much relevant to know the subject of the study. The ottoman invasion soon after, encouraged Ibn Battuta first (1334), then Ibn Sabbah (1388) to make superficial journeys to the region and therefore, both of their works show a sketchy picture of the Slavic world, full of wonders and oddities as it happens often with unknown nations.

[spa] La tesis presentada a continuación, titulada: Gonzalo de Reparaz: “intelectual errante”, es un estudio de la vida y obra del geógrafo, periodista, escritor y especialista técnico del Estado Gonzalo de Reparaz en forma de biografía política. Partiendo de su extensa obra bibliográfica y su, todavía más extensa, labor periodística, este trabajo trata de reconstruir la vida y, sobre todo, la intervención de Gonzalo de Reparaz en los distintos movimientos políticos y sociales con los que se fue vinculando a lo largo de su vida y, en particular, durante el periodo comprendido entre 1860, año de su nacimiento, y 1913, al ser el momento en que su capacidad de influencia e intervención política desde la prensa alcanzó un mayor desarrollo, coincidiendo con la fuerte corriente de desarrollo del colonialismo imperialista que se estaba viviendo en Europa Occidental, mientras España vivía de forma paralela la desaparición de su propio imperio ultramarino. Gonzalo de Reparaz se integrará en este proceso e intentará dar un vuelco a la situación, a partir de su experiencia portuguesa, defendiendo la conservación de lo que se pudiera salvar del viejo imperio y el abandono de sus partes ya condenadas, pero, sobre todo, apostando por la creación de una alternativa colonial en África. Gonzalo de Reparaz participó al lado de Joaquín Costa en la reclamación de la creación de un Imperio español en África; se convierte en un periodista de cierto prestigio en los principales periódicos madrileños de la década de 1890; protesta vehementemente contra el error que supone para España empecinarse en la Guerra de Cuba, (antes del Desastre); conoce y conspira con el general Polavieja en el confuso marco que envuelve la Guerra de Cuba; negocia en la embajada española de París el reparto de Marruecos entre España y Francia, (en el periodo de intensísima actividad diplomática de principios de siglo que prefigurará las alianzas que chocarán en la I Guerra Mundial); mantiene contactos con destacados miembros del catalanismo político en los primeros años del siglo XX, apostando por este movimiento como una fuerza de regeneración peninsular; se implica a fondo en la gestión española en Marruecos en los años inmediatamente anteriores al establecimiento del Protectorado, hecho que le acabará llevando a un rechazo profundo del modelo colonizador español pese a haber dedicado toda su vida a defender la adquisición de colonias, y a romper con el Estado español autoexiliándose en Sudamérica, donde ejercerá de propagandista germanófilo durante la I Guerra Mundial; en los años 1920 Reparaz vuelve a España, donde formará parte del entorno periodístico de Ortega y Gasset en la redacción del diario El Sol; y, a finales de los años 1930, y a pesar de su avanzada edad, participa junto a los anarquistas en la Revolución española del 36, defendiendo con sus últimas energías la creación de una nueva España ácrata. En todo este trayecto vital escribirá veinte libros, algunos de los cuales son considerados obras de referencia para el estudio del africanismo y el colonialismo español de principios del siglo XX, y, literalmente, miles de artículos de prensa. Gonzalo de Reparaz será por lo tanto, a lo largo de su dilatadísima carrera, y desde la posición semioculta, aunque en ocasiones manifiestamente pública, vocero de causas políticas a través de la prensa y la literatura, en este sentido, Reparaz destacará como publicista africanista, pero también como vocero político, y tratará de promover una serie de reformas, partiendo de los efectos que él pensaba que tendría en España el establecimiento de una dinámica colonial importante con la creación de un imperio africano, que deberían sacar al país de su atraso secular respecto a las grandes potencias europeas y ponerlo en la senda de la modernización en pleno proceso de crisis política, común al sur europeo, causada por la difícil integración de las masas en el sistema político liberal., [eng] The thesis presented below, tittled: Gonzalo de Reparaz: “intelectual errante”, is a political biography based on the life and the proffessional activity of Gonzalo de Reparaz, geographer, writter, journalist and technical advisor of the Spanish goverment. Based on his wide bibliographic works and on his even wider journalist labour, this thesis recovers the intervention of Gonzalo de Reparaz on the diverse political and social agruppations on which he got himself attached, specially in the period compressed between the year 1860, when he was born, and the year 1913, a period in which the influence from his press works gave him some political weight. This period is also the moment of the developement and consolidation of the European imperialism and the “scramble for Africa”, meanwhile the Spanish goverments were struggling to preserve their own colonial imperium. Gonzalo de Reparaz joined entusiastically the new European imperialism and, from his portuguese experience, made several calls to keep what was still useful of the old Spanish empire, to reject the pieces of the empire that could no longer be kept safely, and, specially, to create a new imperial alternative in Africa, as the other European powers, including the weak and well known for him Portugal, were doing. Reparaz was well known as an africanist promoter, but also as a political spokesman from the press, and tried to promote some changes, considering the good results for Spain that he thought that the creation of an African empire would have, in order to modernize his country and achieve the same status as the great European powers, while at the same time the country was struggling with the southern European crisis as a result of the inhability to incorporate the working class masses to the liberal regime.

Este artículo explora la forma en la que los historiadores y los geógrafos franceses han abordado el medio ambiente durante el siglo XX. Una visión no determinista del medio ambiente (los especialistas franceses usaron en este tiempo la palabra "milieu") aparece a comienzos de siglo con el geógrafo Vidal de la Blache y sus alumnos, sobre todo Bernard Bruhnes, que fue el primero en hablar de "ocupación destructiva de la naturaleza". En la época de entreguerras, los historiadores de Annales Lucien Fevbre, March Bloch o el geógrafo-historiador Roger Dion y otros publican obras que conceden gran relevancia al medio ambiente y que, de hecho, se reconocen hoy como pioneras. la segunda generación de Annales, en la posguerra, por contra, aunque también presta especial atención al medio ambiente, ofrece una visión estática. En el caso de Braudel se trata de una naturaleza que tiene que ser dominada y puesta en valor, como modo de "hacerla entrar en la modernidad" y las intervenciones aberrantes de los colonizadores del Magreb, por ejemplo, no son cuestionadas. Le Roy Ladurie tiene una visión más crítica, y se lanza a una historia del clima que excluye al hombre, en un primer momento. Aunque aboga por una historia ambiental, él se vuelve, sin embargo, pronto hacia otros temas y no va a tener discípulos inmediatos. No es hasta 1975 que un geógrafo, Georges Bertrand, publica en la Histoire de la France rurale un destacable capítulo en el que aboga por la integración de la ecología y la historia y por una visión dinámica de las relaciones entre el hombre y el medio, opuesta a los tradicionales "tableau" de los historiadores. El fin del siglo XX ve el desarrollo de fructíferos programas interdisciplinares relacionados con el medio ambiente en los que los historiadores, desgraciadamente, tuvieron una limitada participación. Será necesario esperar al primer decenio del siglo XX para que la historia ambiental floreciera en Francia. This article explores the way French historians and geographers dealt with environment during the 20th century. A non-determinist vision of the environment (French scholars use at that time the word milieu) appears at the beginning of the century with the geographer Vidal de la Blache and his disciples, not least Bernard Brunhes,the first who talks of a "destructive occupation of nature". Between the two world wars, historians of the Annals School Lucien Febvre and Marc Bloch or the geographer-historian Roger Dion and others publish books who grant a large place to environment and seem, today, pioneering. After WWII, the second generation of Annals, on the other hand, if they grant a large space to the milieu, see it like something fixed, immobile. In Braudel's work, nature has to be tamed, improved, "be drawn into modernity". Nonsensical colonial interventions in Maghreb are not questioned. IN the same generation, Le Roy Ladurie has a more critical view, and launches a climate history - "without man" in a first time. Pleading for the writing of an environmental history, he rapidly turns, however, towards other fields of research and has no immediate disciples. It is not until 1975 that a geographer, Georges Bertrand, publishes in the Histoire de la France rurale (History of rural France) a noticeable chapter in which he pleads for the integration of ecology in history and for a dynamic vision of the relationship between man and its environment, as opposed to the traditional historical "tableau" (picture). The end of the 20th century see the development of several interdisciplinary fruitful research programmes, but few historians take part in them. It is not until the first decade of the 21th century that environmental history blooms in France.

In recent years French geographers have undertaken research that either includes gender issues or focuses on questions of the geography of women. This is attested to by the publication of monographic issues of some journals as well as a colloquium held in 2004. The interest in gender and /or women is not new, but for a long time it remained barely visible and did not generate discussion within the discipline. This situation calls for an inquiry into the increased visibility of current research. How have developments been influenced by factors such as scientific, sociological, national and international contexts, and by the changing demographic make up of French geographers (by sex, generation, and status) ? The paper notes that attention to gender studies in French geography has largely been evident in relation to development, urban studies, migration and mobility, though gender geographers can also make important contributions to current debates on public policies, time geography, the impact of globalisation and urban violence. Depuis quelques années, des géographes français(es) sont engagé(e)s dans des recherches intégrant des problématiques de genre ou s’intéressant à une géographie des femmes; ceci est attesté notamment par la publication de numéros thématiques dans des revues et par la tenue d’un colloque en 2004. Cet intérêt pour le genre et/ou les femmes n’est pas nouveau mais il est demeuré longtemps peu visible et n’a pas donné lieu à questionnement ou débat au sein de la discipline. Il convient de s’interroger sur la plus grande visibilité des travaux actuels au regard de l’évolution d’un certain nombre de paramètres que sont les divers contextes, scientifiques et socio-politiques, nationaux et internationaux, la structuration de la population des géographes français (génération, sexe et statut).Si la diffusion des questions de genre s’est effectuée via les études/programmes de développement, les études urbaines et le domaine des migrations et des mobilités, les géographes du genre contribuent aussi aux débats actuels sur les politiques publiques, les questions de temporalités, les impacts de la mondialisation, les violences urbaines.

Vivre en France, à Paris, Françoise et moi ne l’avions en fait guère connu à l’âge adulte que comme étudiants, dans les changements, d’activités, de logement, de situation familiale. Nous avons, en décembre 1964, acheté un appartement vétuste dans ce quartier parisien du Marais qui était encore bon marché, peuplé d’artisans, de familles pauvres souvent juives, et de taudis. Nous participions à sa rénovation et à son embourgeoisement en nous y installant au début de 1966. Nos deux enfants à l’...

Nous venons de voir en terminant notre chapitre VII que le Mexique avait des spécificités qui pouvaient le faire passer pour un modèle emblématique de l’Amérique latine. Rappelons-en quelques-unes : un métissage dont les distorsions sont voilées par une christianisation généralisée; un État républicain créateur d’une nation longtemps largement fictive, mais reçue très tôt comme nation légitime à Paris, à Londres, puis à New York ; une symbiose avec les États-Unis vécue, certes, par tout le so...

L’IHEAL a été mon lieu de vie professionnelle de 1966 à 1973, mais je le connaissais dès 1962, à travers Pierre Monbeig. Depuis lors, mes liens avec cette institution n’ont pas cessé. C’est pourquoi je me dois d’y revenir plus systématiquement, après diverses allusions au fil de souvenirs dispersés dans le temps. Les trompettes du lancement : 1954-1968 L’Institut des hautes études de l’Amérique latine (IHEAL) est né en un moment où l’on pouvait douter que la France soit à même de donner vie à...

Poursuivre notre réflexion sur l’Amérique latine par un panorama des publications françaises en la matière est un moyen d’insister sur les continuités : publier durablement suppose des publics, mais aussi des groupes organisés de producteurs, c’est-à-dire des institutions. Le meilleur test d’une production pour la connaissance du sous-continent est la naissance de revues, et plus encore leur capacité à durer. Au milieu du xxe siècle, il n’existait en Europe à peu près pas de publications sur ...

Observateur/Passeur Le Mexique que je raconte ici est essentiellement celui que j’ai vécu. C’est en ce sens qu’il s’agit d’une découverte : certes, ce que je découvrais, moi, Français et intellectuel, c’était des faits le plus souvent assez évidents pour des Mexicains. Mais ces faits, en général inconnus (alors, et encore maintenant) pour les Français, étaient aussi parfois invisibles pour les Mexicains : comment, pour un Mexicain, savoir que sa vie quotidienne est originale s’il n’en est jam...

En janvier 1962, après une semaine de voyage en bateau du Havre à New York sur le Queen Mary, suivi d’un vol depuis New York, la famille Bataillon est descendue de la passerelle à l’aéroport de Mexico. Au pied de celle-ci, deux hommes nous accueillaient. Ils s’ignoraient. L’un, Monsieur de Bonfil, secrétaire général de l’IFAL, représentait l’ambassade de France. L’autre, André Rougon, ami de mon beau-frère Claude Lefort, était directeur des cours de français à ce même IFAL. Je savais que le t...

Pourquoi le Mexique a-t-il représenté durant près d'un siècle un modèle pour le « développement » ? Comment expliquer que les populations et les territoires de ce pays aient été mis en scène avant tout par des anthropologues ? Dans quelle mesure, en France, les géographes ont-ils été les principaux organisateurs de la recherche sur l'Amérique latine depuis le milieu du XXesiècle ? Comment, dans le Nouveau Monde, les sciences sociales s'agencent-elles entre elles autrement qu'en Europe ? Que signifie la production de données sur les sociétés des pays latino-américains et comment les transforme-t-on en panoramas organisés ? Autant de questions auxquelles ce livre tente de proposer des réponses, en retraçant la trajectoire universitaire et intellectuelle de l'un des latino-américanistes français les plus féconds des dernières décennies. À partir de souvenirs personnels, de témoignages de collègues et d'amis, d'archives publiques ou privées et de publications diverses, Claude Bataillon dresse pour la seconde moitié du XXe siècle le panorama d'un latino-américanisme auquel il a participé de multiples façons. Si cet ouvrage retrace avant tout un itinéraire personnel, il propose également l'histoire d'une collectivité faite à la fois d'individus et d'institutions. Ces dernières constituent les meilleurs traceurs des évolutions intellectuelles, les meilleurs révélateurs des regards que les latino-américanistes ont échangés avec les Latino-Américains depuis la Seconde Guerre mondiale.

Très classiquement, en vieillissant, on sent passer le temps autrement, car on participe de moins en moins à l’événement. Je vais parler ici, d’un coup, des quinze dernières années au moment où j’écris. Quinze ans avant 1990, on était en 1975, dans la dernière période triomphale du Mexique du PRI, sous Echeverria, et dix ans avant le tremblement de terre. Pour moi, ces événements sont des jalons majeurs, évidents. J’ai plus de mal, dans le temps long qui coule actuellement entre mes doigts, à...

Deux présidences Si le Mexique que j’ai découvert en 1962 connaissait déjà une longue période de croissance, dans l’ensemble assez stable, les deux « sexennats » de Luis Echeverria et José López Portillo ont été marqués par l’augmentation forte et irrégulière d’une croissance poussée par les moyens de l’État, grâce à la haute conjoncture pétrolière (ce que les acheteurs de pétrole ont appelé les chocs pétroliers…) qui commence en 1973. Le Mexique ne relance ses exportations de brut que peu à ...

Avant notre courte seconde vie au Mexique en 1982-1984, mes incertitudes étaient grandes sur ce que je voulais faire et pouvais faire professionnellement, à propos de la géographie, à propos du Mexique ou de l’Amérique latine. Au retour à Toulouse, en 1985, je savais qu’à cinquante-quatre ans le chemin professionnel qui me restait était relativement court, mais aussi que je me consacrerais à des tâches de gestion de la recherche sur l’Amérique latine, sans guère me livrer à la collecte de mat...

Les années 1982-1985 marquent un tournant majeur pour les changements du Mexique, pour le passage d’une société autoritaire dite de « développement stabilisateur » à une société incertaine, en proie à la démocratisation. Le coup de boutoir de la crise du « contre-choc » pétrolier de 1982 a fissuré le système ; puis le tremblement de terre de Mexico en 1985 a ouvert la brèche qui n’a cessé de s’élargir pour s’ouvrir, béante, en l’an 2000. De cela, je n’ai vécu directement que le moment de basc...

International audience

L’objectif de cette analyse critique de 269 mémoires d’ingénieur en géographie urbaine et régionale, soutenus à l’université d’Oran entre 1992 et 2001, est une façon à la fois de valoriser un potentiel ‘dormant’ de travaux considérés comme secondaires et de restituer à la société une partie de la production scientifique universitaire locale.Faisant suite à un premier travail portant sur les mêmes types d’essais tentés entre 1975 et 1991, cette synthèse est structurée par l’auteur sous la forme de 4 thèmes dominants qui ont investi le champ de la ville. La présentation, le commentaire et la critique de ces thèmes qui couvrent toutes les zones homogènes physiques et toutes les strates urbaines dans l’Ouest algérien, s’organisent autour de l’extension spatiale et du fonctionnement des structures urbaines, de la production foncière et immobilière, de la péri- urbanisation et de l’intégration dans la ville, et de l’environnement urbain et du traitement de données géographiques. Certains thèmes sont subdivisés en sous-thèmes spécifiques qui répondent à des besoins de recherche précis (habitat illégal, mobilité résidentielle, transport, gestion de l’eau…) plus ou moins liés à une conjoncture déterminée Cette synthèse est un acte qui a certes, une valeur symbolique, mais qui concrètement va dans le sens du développement territorial, économique et social. The aim of this critical analysis of 269 B.Sc. thesis in urban and regional geography, defended at the Oran university between 1992-2001, is at the same time a way of evaluating dormant potentiel of work considered as secondary, and of restoring a part of local scientific out put to society.Following up a first work touching the same type of essays attempted between 1975 to 1991, this synthesis for the author, is structured in the form of four dominant topics , which have invested the field of the town. Presentation, commentory and critic of these themes covering all physical homogenous zones, and all urban states in the west of Algeria, organize themselves around spatial expansion and urban structure functionning, from land to real estate production, from periphical urbanization and integration within the town, from urban environment and treating geographical data. Certain topics are subdivised in specific sub topics answering precise research needs (illegal habitat, residential mobility, transport, water management…) more or less linked to a definite conjuncture. This synthesis is an act which has certainly a symbolic value, but which goes concretely in the sense of economic and social territorial development. El objetivo de este análisis crítico de 269 tesinas de ingenieros en geografía urbana y regional, defendidas en la universidad de Oran entre 1992 y 2001, es una manera a la vez de valorizar un potencial ‘’durmiente’’ de los trabajos considerados como segundarios y de restituir a la sociedad una parte de la producción científica universitaria local. Dando continuación a un primer trabajo que trata de los mismos casos de ensayos presentados en 1975 y 1991, esta síntesis está estructurada por el autor bajo forma de 4 temas dominantes que han ocupado el campo de la ciudad. La presentación, el comentario y la crítica de estos temas que cubren todas las zonas homogéneas físicas y todos los estratos urbanos en el Oeste argelino, se organizan alrededor de la extensión espacial y del funcionamiento de las estructuras urbanas, de la producción territorial e inmobiliaria, y del medio ambiente urbano y del tratamiento de los datos geográficos. Algunos temas están subdivididos en subtemas específicos que responden a unas necesidades precisas de investigación (vivienda ilegal, movilidad residencial, transporte, gestión del agua...) más o menos relacionadas con una conyunctura determinada. Esta síntesis es un acta que tiene seguramente un valor simbólico, pero que concretamente va en el sentido del desarrollo territorial, económico y social. إن الهدف من هذا التحليل النقدي لمائتين وتسعة وستين مذكرة (269) للمهندسين في الجغرافية الحضرية و الجهوية، والتي نوقشت بجامعة وهران بين سنوات 2001 و2002، هو بشكل ما تثمين جهد من الأبحاث العلمية "نائم" ومقدر على أنه ثانوي، وفي ذات الوقت إعطاء من جديد جزء من الإنتاج العلمي الجامعي المحلي للمجتمع. و يعتبر هذا البحث مواصلة لبحث أولي حول نفس النماذج من الدراسات التي قدمت بين سنوات 1975-1999، وقد تم تصنيف هذا العمل من طرف المؤلف على شكل أربع موضوعات مسيطرة التي استثمرت حقل بحث المدينة. إن تقديم ونقد هذه الموضوعات والتعليق عليها، حيث تشمل هذه الموضوعات كل المناطق المنسجمة من الناحية الفيزيائية وكل الطبقات الحضرية في الغرب الجزائري التي تنظم حول التوسع المجالي وحول اشتغال الهياكل العمرانية والإنتاج العقاري والضواحي والإدماج داخل المدينة والبيئة الحضرية ومعالجة المعطيات الجغرافية. تتوزع بعض هذه الموضوعات إلى موضوعات فرعية خاصة وتستجيب لحاجات دقيقة متعلقة بالبحث (السكن اللاشرعي، الحركة السكنية، النقل، تسيير الماء...) والمرتبطة بشكل أو بآخر بظروف معينة. إن هذا التركيب هو فعل يملك قيمة رمزية بطبيعة الحال، لكنه يتجه بصفة ملموسة نحو التطور الجهوي، الاقتصادي والاجتماعي.

Nawiązując do artykułu J. Bańskiego Jaka geografia? – uwarunkowania i spojrzenie w przyszłość wskazano na znaczenie teorii i technologii informacji geograficznej (Geographic Information Science and Technology, GIS&T) dla przyszłości geografii. Związek geografii i GIS&T został przez J. Bańskiego pominięty, tymczasem jest on ważny z punktu widzenia teorii geografii oraz szybkiego rozwoju technologii informacji geograficznej. Co do tej pierwszej kwestii, autor tej polemiki wyraża pogląd, że teoria informacji geograficznej (Geographic Information Science – Goodchild, 1992) może być uważana za teorię geografii postrzeganej jako nauka wyodrębniająca się spośród innych dzięki specyficznemu dla siebie ujęciu przestrzennemu. Z kolei w odniesieniu do technologii informacji geograficznej, autor wskazuje na ich szybki rozwój, wspierany różnymi przedsięwzięciami o skali krajowej, europejskiej lub globalnej (np. budowa infrastruktury informacji przestrzennej) i, co istotne, na coraz częstsze korzystanie z nich w badaniach prowadzonych przez geografów. Ścisły związek geografii i GIS&T jest dla tej pierwszej szansą, której nie można zmarnować, a jednym ze sposobów jej wykorzystania jest przedstawienie wysokiej jakości oferty edukacyjnej. This short paper has been provoked by the ideas and opinions contained in the paper by J. Bański entitled What form of geography? - determining factors and future outlooks. While J. Bański has almost completely overlooked the relationship between geography and Geographic Information Science and Technology (GIS&T), it is argued here that this relationships is vital to the future of geography. The author of this paper claims that Geographic Information Science (Goodchild, 1992) may offer a valuable theoretical background to geography seen as a science with a clear spatial identity. Equally critical for geography and geographers, geographic information technologies have undergone rapid development recently, due to a number of activities on the national, European or global scales. The latter include the setting up of spatial information infrastructures. Importantly, the technologies in question are being used more and more frequently by geographers in their everyday research work. The author concludes that the relationship between geography and GIS&T should be perceived as an opportunity which cannot be wasted. He further espouses high-quality geographical education as one of the ways in which full advantage of the latter can be taken.

This study is biography of Jiří Viktor Daneš (1880 - 1928). First chapter summarizes fundamental stages of his life (studies, First World War, diplomatic activity in Australia), his death and legacy. Second chapter is approaching his travelling with emphasis on big travels - to Java and Australia with Karel Domin (1909 - 1910) and his journey around the world (1920 - 1923). Last chapter approaches his scientific work in basic outline.

Coastal areas have always been attractive for humankind throughout the history. Today, it is known that nearly half of the population of the world lives on the coasts, and this ratio increases everyday. At the same time, coastal areas are also seen as places exposed to rapid changes in the world. In addition to the formal effects of the natural phenomena, human activities including the filling up projects to get area from the sea are effective factors on the coasts. Emerging technologies in conjunction with the construction of fill in coastal areas continues to increase steadily in recent years. An unplanned construction period has been experienced on the coasts of Istanbul due to rapid urbanization and wrong planning applications. This has led to significant changes in time and shoreline. Detection of temporal changes is critical for sustainable coastal development and planning. Regular data source for the history of this change that allows for the detection of satellite imagery is very important. In this study, Landsat satellite imageries were used to detect the previous and present borders of coastlines and to understand the temporal changes on these areas

Au lendemain des grandes découvertes, historiens du Nouveau Monde, géographes, érudits, se sont posé la question : les Anciens ont-ils pu connaître l’Amérique ? Les avis étaient partagés. Outre l’Atlantide de Platon, on évoquait des îles lointaines, décrites par Diodore de Sicile ou le Ps. Aristote. La référence à l’île de Taprobane-Ceylan, chez Pline l’Ancien, servait à montrer que, dans l’Antiquité, on n’ignorait pas que la zone torride était partiellement habitée. Mais il y eut aussi beaucoup de sceptiques. L’appel aux auteurs latins, poètes ou prosateurs, ou à quelques auteurs grecs, lus souvent dans la traduction latine, prouve en tout cas qu’aux XVIe et XVIIe siècles, on faisait encore largement confiance à l’enseignement et à la culture classiques. Mais celle-ci était essentiellement latine et littéraire ; les grands textes scientifiques grecs étaient souvent ignorés, du moins en Occident. After the discovery of the New World, historians, geographers, scholars asked a question: could Ancient people know America? This matter was discussed. Besides Plato’s Atlantis, remote islands were described by Diodorus of Sicily or the pseudo-Aristotle. The location of the Island Taprobane-Sri-Lanka, as indicated by Plinius the Elder, was used to prove that the Ancients knew perfectly well that a large part of the torrid zone was occupied by human beings. But many authors remained sceptical. The recourse to Latin writers, in prose or in verse, and to fewer Greek authors, often through Latin translations, testifies how truthworthy were the classical studies in the XVIIth and XVIIIth centuries. Literary Latin culture prevailed and Greek scientific texts were mostly ignored, at least in the West.

Con esta contribución pretendemos reflexionar en primer lugar, sobre los fundamentos de la posición conceptual de los geógrafos cuantitativos y en segundo lugar, sobre la situación en la que se mueven los geógrafos en época reciente y en la actualidad con relación a las nuevas tecnologías. Sobre los primeros se apoyan los segundos. La incorporación a la Geografía de las nuevas técnicas e instrumentos abrió en su momento un amplio campo de desarrollo y trabajo en Geografía, que se ha venido consolidando en la actualidad. De este modo, la variedad de instrumentos de trabajo que manejan actualmente los geógrafos les ha abierto la puerta al proceso de renovación científica, el cual ha ido unido al desarrollo de las comunicaciones y de la información. No obstante, esto ha supuesto y seguirá suponiendo un enorme esfuerzo de adaptación de nuestra disciplina para poder incorporar los nuevos datos que se generan sobre el espacio geográfico y los nuevos instrumentos para el manejo de los mismos. Los geógrafos estamos obligados a utilizar los instrumentos y las técnicas cuantitativas al nivel que exige la oferta actual de datos, si con ello queremos alcanzar un papel adecuado, y diríamos destacado, en el análisis territorial. In this contribution we aim to reflect first on the basis of the conceptual position of quantitative geographers and secondly, on the situation in which geographers move in recent times and now in relation to new technologies. First rely on the latter. Joining new techniques and instruments to Geography opened a wide field of development and work in Geography, which now has been consolidated. Thus, the variety of work tools that handle geographers now has opened the door to scientific renewal process, which has been linked to the development of communications and information. However, this has meant and will remain a huge effort to adapt our discipline to incorporate the new data generated on the geographical and new tools for managing them. Geographers are required to use the tools and quantitative techniques to the level required current supply data, if by that we achieve a proper role and prominent in territorial analysis.

This diploma thesis is focused on the phenomenon of understanding landscape among geographers in continuity with didactic purposes. The aim of this thesis is being reached by using a qualitative research methodology. The thesis builds on the initial investigation, focused on the question to which extend do pupils of grade 7th - 9th (upper primary school) are able to use their classroom knowledge on landscape in the field to understand/read concrete environment. In search for a geographical attitude while reading the landscape, four groups (two groups of geography graduates, geography teachers and a control group) were asked to find and come up with a solution in summing up the best way to perceive and read landscape. Diploma thesis consists of four parts. The first one presents definition of landscape and theoretical base to empirical research. The second one is description of my own field program and discussion of its aim and results. The third one describes qualitative research project including suitable methodology along with the description of the respondent choice, the structure of the questioning as well as the way of data collection and data analysis. The last one is focused on analyzing, comparing and summing up the results. Data have been worked up in qualitative analyzing software MAXQDA...

La concesión del Premio Internacional Geocrítica 2010 al Profesor Carlos de Mattos supone un paso más en la consolidación de un galardón que durante nueve años se ha prestigiado por la aceptación de destacados profesores universitarios. La exposición de los curricula de los que han obtenido el Premio Internacional Geocrítica muestra la calidad de la obra que han realizado todos ellos. Tenemos en nuestro ámbito maestros de la ciencia o del pensamiento, maestros en la docencia y maestros ejemplares por su actitud vital; que han dedicado su vida a la investigación y a la docencia, que han mantenido un espíritu crítico y que han valorado la dimensión social de sus investigaciones; que contribuyen a diagnosticar y a situar en una nueva dirección la resolución de los problemas existentes. El premio de este año es también significativo. El acta del Jurado señaló que se ha concedido al profesor Carlos A. de Mattos "por sus aportaciones a la construcción de una teoría urbana crítica y su contribución al pensamiento urbano iberoamericano".

Desde su fundación en 2002 el premio Internacional Geocrítica ha distinguido a profesores mexicanos (Elías Trabulse), brasileños (Roberto Lobato Corrêa), estadounidenses (Thomás Glick), venezolanochilenos (Pedro Cunill), franceses (Robert Hérin), portugueses (Jorge B. Gaspar), españoles (José Manuel Naredo). En 2009 se incorporó a la relación de los premiados un importante investigador colombiano, al que se ha unido en 2010 otro uruguayochileno. Se trata de un premio muy especial, un premio cuya concesión puede producir inquietud, pues el galardonado debe asumir costes importantes. Los premiados han de cargar con todos los gastos del viaje y estancia para recoger el premio, y han de trabajar gratis, preparando una conferencia sobre su propio trabajo. Aun así no ha habido rechazos, sino que todos los elegidos han aceptado

Este texto trata de discutir as transformações sociais oriundas, particularmente, após os anos 70 e, neste contexto, inserir a prática profissional em Geografia no Brasil. Para isto, o texto busca, a partir de uma periodização que se inicia com o surgimento do primeiro curso de Geografia no Brasil e da constituição da Associação dos Geógrafos Brasileiros (AGB), indicar as diferentes práticas dos geógrafos. Encerra indicando as transformações da sociedade e da Geografia nos anos 90, mostrando a potencialidade do trabalho dos geógrafos no Brasil nesta passagem de milênio., This paper discusses social changes, especially, after the 70s and insert the professional practice in Geography in Brazil. The text indicates different practices of geographers that initiates with the first course of Geography in Brazil and the beginning of the Brazilian Geographers Association (AGB). It finishes indicating the changes of the society and Geography in the 90s, showing the potentiality of the work of the geographer in Brazil in the new millenium.

The geographer and anarchist Elisée Reclus is considered as one of the foremost anti colonialists of his time. When analyzing his writings, several authors were unable to ignore the fact that even when he criticized colonization methods, Reclus was nevertheless an advocate of colonization. This paper attempts to review the issue by using archive material and publications and by looking once more at Elisée Reclus’s stance in the second half of the 19th century, together with other critics of colonial events from other political backgrounds. In spite of his criticism and humanism, it is clearly documented that throughout his life, Reclus was a dedicated partisan of colonization, even if his view was a “democratic” and somewhat idealized version.Reclus’s position appears logical when related to commonly held western beliefs, shared by the radical left socialists and anarchists, that the “civilized world” had a mission to fulfill in the rest of the world. The colonial issue can be seen as a major component of the on-going globalization, already at work for many centuries. Le géographe et anarchiste Elisée Reclus est considéré comme un anti-colonialiste. En analysant ses écrits, plusieurs auteurs n’ont cependant pas pu ignorer que tout en critiquant les méthodes colonialistes, Reclus était partisan de la colonisation. Cet article tente de traiter le sujet en utilisant du matériel d’archive et des publications, ainsi qu’en se penchant sur la position de Reclus au cours de la deuxième moitié du 19ème siècle.

Vaig ser alumne de Lluís Casassas durant el cursos 1978-1979 i 1979-1980. Fins aleshores havia tingut bons professors que conreaven camps específics del coneixement geogràfic com el de la història del pensament geogràfic o el del modelar el relleu glacial. Ara bé, l'assistència a les classes del professor Lluís Casassas representà per a un jove estudiant de geografia, com ho era jo llavors, una experiència intel·lectual força diferent i modificà de forma pregona la meva visió de l'anàlisi geogràfica.

From Feminist Geography to "Gender Geography": a French Interpretation of an Anglo-Saxon Concept. French geographers' writings about gender are scarce and do not really reflect the ambiguity inherent in this concept, that is to say organize a thought process according to various cultural backgrounds. There is a great temptation to dodge the issue and transform the ideas without considering singularities. One possible answer is to explore the literature review from English-speaking countries, to assess the issues at stake and the limits of the notions involved. Three positions and space perceptions emerge from these writings. The purpose of this paper is thus to take a close look at these viewpoints., Les écrits géographiques français sur le genre sont épars et reflètent peu l'ambiguïté inhérente à ce concept : structurer une pensée dans un contexte culturel diffèrent. Le biais majeur serait de transposer les idées sans s'adapter aux singularités. Pour y parvenir l'une des voies possible est d'explorer la revue de littérature anglo-saxonne, de l'analyser pour cerner les enjeux et les limites des travaux. De ces écrits émergent trois positionnements et perceptions de l'espace. L'article se propose de mettre en perspective ces points de vue., Louargant Sophie. De la géographie féministe à la "Gender Geography" : une lecture francophone d'un concept anglophone. In: Espace, populations, sociétés, 2002-3. Questions de genre. pp. 397-410.

Amb gairebé noranta-un anys, i una vida quotidiana avui gairebé circumscrita al poble de Sant Pere de Riudebitlles, Cristòfor Cardús continua mirant, des de les finestres de casa seva, el paisatge de vinya -ara mateix, intensament verda- que des de sempre ha pogut veure a tocar mateix de les cases del poble, i que constitueix el punt de referència visual dels horitzons del Penedès. Cristòfor Cardús té, com a membre fundador de la Societat Catalana de Geografia i com a autor del primer recull sistemàtic de topònims dut a terme a casa nostra, un lloc guanyat entre la primera generació de personatges que van obrir el camí de la geografia catalana actual. 1 aquest motiu ens ha semblat prou significatiu com per anar-lo a trobar; per tenir una conversa, en definitiva, que ens permetés reconstruir mentalment un ambient, una època, els afanys d'unes persones.

El proppassat 22 de juliol morí a casa seva, a Sant Pere de Riudebitlles, el consoci Cristòfor Cardús i Canals, als 93 anys d'edat (i molt a prop ja de la ratlla dels 94). Cristòfor Cardús era, per a la Societat Catalana de Geografia, un personatge d'excepció: un supervivent del grup de persones que, 1'any 1935, van posar en marxa l'entitat, Per aquest motiu, havia tingut un tracte molt directe amb Pau Vila i amb Enric Ribas, als quals es referia d'una manera particular quan se li demanava que evoqués els records i les vivències d'aquells primers anys de la Societat.

Pocs massissos del país poden rebre com el Montseny el qualificatiu de «muntanya senyera». La seva ubicació el cor mateix del Principat, proper a la mar i no pas allunyat dels contraforts pirinencs; la seva fesomia discreta, però omnipresent en una gran part dels horitzons de les terres interiors; la importància, finalment, del seu tapís vegetal i de les diverses formes d'assentament humà que s'escampen entorn seu -masos, veïnats, viles- el converteixen en un referent imprescindible de la geografia de l'angle nord-oriental del país. En altres paraules: si els Pirineus són el «bastió de rereguarda» de la Catalunya Vella, el Montseny és un dels seus contraforts avançats, a cavall de les conques del Ter, la Tordera i el Besos. I no lluny de la Mediterrània; aquest vast domini dels camins de l'antigor, des del qual, en temps ja remots, els navegants devien descobrir el seu perfil i dotar-lo de significat: el «Montem signum». El signe d'identitat, en definitiva, d'una bona part de la Catalunya interior. Un context geogràfic tan definit com el que acabem de descriure és el marc de la conversa d'avui. L'interlocutor és Josep Maria Panareda i Clopés, professor de geografia a la Universitat de Barcelona. Una persona arrelada en aquestes terres -és fill de Cal Cavaller, masia situada a cavall dels termes de Palautordera i Sant Celoni-, a les quals ha dedicat una part significativa de la recerca professional. I una persona que pot parlar amb propietat dels canvis registrats al massís durant les darreres quatre dècades. Perquè, a un tarannà observador -propi de la disciplina que l'ocupa-, s'afegeix la circumstància d'haver viscut de prop la: realitat d'una muntanya que ha passat de ser l'expressió típica del mode de vida pagès a esdevenir el gran centre d'atracció turístic de la regió metropolitana.

Joan Rebagliato és un dels geògrafs del país que, per edat i per formació, podem situar a mig camí entre la geografia clàssica catalana del segle actual-la que, per entendre'ns, va vertebrar Pau Vila durant els anys 20 i 30- i la geografia moderna -o sigui, la que s'ha articulat entorn de la universitat. Personatge no vinculat directament a la geografia acadèmica, ja que ha desenvolupat la seva trajectòria, particularment, en el camp editorial, la seva obra escrita i els seus pensaments sobre la geografia i els seus problemes ens proporcionen un punt de vista viu i apassionat, profundament arrelat a la realitat catalana, sobre la nostra disciplina.