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After-school programmes (ASPs) help to facilitate students' learning. DREAMS ASP facilitates schoolchildren with holistic development interventions at different locations. Due to the pandemic, DREAMS conducted their ASP in the online mode. The present study aims to narrate the case of ASP in the virtual mode and discuss participants' experiences on holistic development at one of its locations. The study employed qualitative study designs. The sample of the study included participants from DREAMS ASP site at Kerala, India. The study interviewed four mentors, seven participants, and their parents to understand participants' holistic development. However, the study excluded physical and spiritual aspects of holistic development. It found that the virtual DREAMS ASP was joyful, and there was a significant, positive change in all the selected dimensions of holistic development as reported by mentors, children, and parents. The study encourages future researchers to provide opportunities and frameworks to conduct more ASPs in India.

Outbreak of COVID-19, online examination, and e-proctoring have caused more exam anxiety and affected exam performance among students’ studying in International Baccalaureate (IB) Diploma Programme (DP). Therefore, the present research aimed to find effect of online test anxiety on academic performance of IBDP students in the subjects related to science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM). Study employed quantitative descriptive survey research design and administered survey questionnaire to 200 IB DP students who took online test during COVID-19 through convenient sampling technique. Sample included both first and final year DP students with due representation to boys and girls. Results of the study revealed a moderate negative correlation between online test anxiety and academic performance of IBDP students in STEM subjects. Regression analysis explained 14.1% variation in the STEM subject performance because of online exam anxiety under e-proctored condition. There exists a statistically significant difference between first and final year students’ online exam anxiety and STEM subject average grades. Future research may focus on conducting comfortable online examination methods with no additional exam anxieties. Keywords: International Baccalaureate (IB), Diploma Programme (DP), e-proctored test, virtual examination

Application of robotics is rapidly increasing in all fields of life. Though robotics education became popular in the 21st century, its teaching and training has not gained much importance across the world, especially in developing and low-income countries. There are various reasons for its neglect and one of them could be gender-science stereotypes. Research studies are yet to explore the reasons for its slow emergence. The present study explores the need and training for educational robotics considering the role of students, teachers, teacher-educators and parents, determining whether it is gender-dependent or not. The study also proposes to come up with a syllabus for robotics training. The study employs exploratory, sequential, qualitative-quantitative mixed-method research design and applies purposive sampling techniques. Researchers conducted semi-structured interviews, including five science teacher-educators, five science teachers, and five trainee teachers majoring in sciences to understand the need, scope and benefits of robotics education. They recruited 100 high school students, 50 teacher-educators, and 100 parents to test whether their interest in robotics is gender-dependent through Chi-square analysis. The study revealed the need for robotics education under four themes and seven subthemes. It has been found that the interest of students and parents and the readiness of teacher-educators for robotics education is gender-dependent. The study came up with a suggestive syllabus for robotics training. It recommends that future researchers should focus on the implementation of robotics teaching for teacher and school education. https://doi.org/10.26803/ijlter.20. 10 .3

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has spread all over the world affecting public health at the outset of 2020. This has slowed down almost every sector of human life including education. However, few of the private educational institutes have risen to the occasion immediately and have continued providing education online. Teachers were forced to adapt themselves to teach online. Students started to attend online classes from home. Inevitably, parents had to invest in purchasing computers or smartphones and internet connections to support their children's education. Though all these changes began with an overwhelming spirit from all stakeholders, in no time it has become a monotony. This has led to the present study to find innovative instructional strategies that can motivate learners to learn and sustain interest in learning during pandemics. The present study employs a qualitative research design to address this issue.

The breakout of COVID-19 from Wuhan, China has shaken the world economy, giving a traumatic experience to people across the world. Most of the countries have locked down their business enterprises. Schools have started teaching online, and teachers have moved to online teaching in no time. School managers are making quick decisions on various challenges faced by their schools. These uncertain conditions have led to the present study. The present study explores the impact of COVID-19 on various dimensions of school management, such as finance, infrastructure, staff training, student enrollment, student retention, student welfare activities, co-curricular activities, and challenges and opportunities; how to maintain efficiency amidst COVID-19 pandemic; and how to reduce the pandemic effect in schools. This research employed the phenomenological qualitative method to address the research problems. The data was collected from the semi-structured online interview and review of related literature. The study describes the effect of COVID-19 on various dimensions of school management.

Digital assessment practices in higher education gained importance in the 21st century due to upsurge in the technological integration in the field of education. Its application further increased in face of COVID-19. The present study aims to narrate the digital assessment practices prevailing in the Indian higher education system and suggests the way forward. The study employs qualitative research with a narrative analysis of the semi-structured interview of 10 teachers teaching in universities. The study employed a convenient snowball sampling technique to select the interview participants. The results of the study revealed four themes and 12 sub themes indicating the perception of university teachers on digital assessment, prevailing digital assessment practices, and a way forward to the future applications. The study is limited to qualitative analysis. Future research may focus on strategies and technologies to enhance its use with an optimum secured online environment.

Ever since the Gurukul system of education in India, the school education followed a Sage on stage approach. Over the past few decades, teachers have started to believe that a guide on the side approach is critical for deeper learning to take place among students. With the technological advancement in the field of education and evolving pedagogies, parents have also started to believe that learners must bear the responsibility of their learning under the supervision of teachers. Learner agency has different connotative meanings in different countries. In the present study, learner agency refers to a student's ability to play an active role in their education [1]. Outburst of COVID-19 in India has led to the introduction of online teaching in most of the urban schools. Routine lifestyles of student's have been changed due to lock down of the schools. Lockdown of schools has brought about changes in the Learner agency. Therefore, the present study is to examine the learner agency in an online teaching environment and to describe the changes in the learner agency due to the online learning environment. The study employed a qualitative research method to examine the changes in learner agency. A semi structured interview was conducted to a group of upper primary school students who were learning via online teaching. Study was able to examine the changes in learner agency due to online teaching and learning. The results of the study will help school teachers to understand the changes in learner agency in an online learning environment and how to support learner agency or to become co-agent? In an online teaching learning environment.

It is generally expected that the students are supposed to gain an engaging and enriching experience throughout their journey of higher education. The educational institutions have to take up the responsibility to ensure that students are engaged meaningfully and are in a state of well-being. However, in the present scenario, students at colleges and universities have started to feel alienated from the campus life. Research shows that alienation levels are rising among the youth. Factors like stress, coping mechanism, restrictive parental behavior, peer pressure, academic performance, and organizational culture have an impact on alienation among the students. This study attempts to understand the relationship between student alienation and organizational culture in an educational institution. The study employed a descriptive correlational design and collected data from 600 under graduate students studying in a university. The study used student alienation scale and organizational culture assessment instrument to collect the survey data. Study revealed that there is a negative correlation between student alienation and organizational culture. There were 30% variation in student alienation is explained by different types of organizational culture. Clan culture reduces student alienation compared to hierarchy culture. The researchers urge for further research to identify ideal organizational cultures that can promote student engagement and student well-being.

With the traditional power sector hindered by fuel shortage and climate changes, the promotion of green energy becomes the most prioritized objective of the government. The ministry's move becomes significant because conversion to cleaner energy sources is the best way to minimize global warming and to reenergize the global economy. Among the available alternative gaseous fuels, acetylene caters to these needs because of its property similarities with hydrogen. In this research, the suitability of acetylene as an engine fuel is analyzed. Also, the production methods, combustion properties, abnormal combustion, and safety issues were discussed. This review paper describes about the various possible modes of fuel induction techniques to be adopted. The research establishes the utility of acetylene as a commercial fuel for internal combustion engines in the future years by the adoption of suitable methodologies.

The review of literature on variables of any study place a vital role in carrying out the quality research. It identifies the road taken by other researchers in using the variables and enlightens the scholars with respect to method, tool, statistical techniques used etc on the particular variable. The author had come up with this article with a view of helping researchers in using teacher effectiveness variable, which otherwise consume lot of time and energy, nevertheless the problem of accessibility for number of researchers. It identifies the studies related to teacher effectiveness in India, at primary, secondary and college level.

The literature review on variables of any study place an important role in carrying out the quality research. It identifies the road taken by other researchers in using the variables and enlightens the scholars with respect to method, tool, statistical techniques used etc on the particular variable. The author had come up with this article with a view of helping researchers in using job satisfaction variable, which otherwise consume a lot of time and energy. The article identifies the studies related to job satisfaction in India, at primary, secondary and college level.

This article dwells on the deteriorating value system inIndia. It presents a glimpse of the value system thatexisted in India during the Gurukul age, the British reignand also analyzes the present situation. It highlights fromvarious reviews that the education system in India has thepotential to nurture the desired value system.

In the present study the authors have presented a method of forecasting the weather associated with western disturbances using the lower tropospheric wind flow pattern. For this purpose, the lower tropospheric winds over the country at two levels were studied -(i) the wind pattern at 0.9 kill and (ii) the position of subtropical ridge at 850 mb level. On the basis of the wind pattern at these two levels, the weather associated with western disturbances is divided into six broad categories. These are explained with the help of model diagrams. The conclusions have been drawn based on daily data for the months December to February 1960.1973. This method is especially suitable when data over Pakistan, Afghanistan and neighbourhood are not available. It can also be used as an aid in forecasting the arrival of western disturbances and their associated weather over Indian region.