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A twin boundary (TB) is a common low energy planar defect in crystals including those with the atomic diamond structure (C, Si, Ge, etc.). We study twins in a self-assembled soft matter block copolymer (BCP) supramolecular crystal having the double diamond (DD) structure, consisting of 2 translationally shifted, interpenetrating diamond networks of the minority polydimethyl siloxane block embedded in a polystyrene block matrix. The coherent, low energy, mirror-symmetric double tubular network twin has one minority block network with its nodes offset from the (222) TB plane while nodes of the second network lie in the plane of the boundary. The offset network, although at a scale about a factor of 103 larger, has precisely the same geometry and symmetry as a (111) twin in atomic single diamond where the tetrahedral units spanning the TB retain nearly the same strut (bond) lengths and strut (bond) angles as in the normal unit cell. In the DD, the second minority block network undergoes a dramatic restructuring - the tetrahedral nodes transform into 2 new types of mirror-symmetric nodes (pentahedral and trihedral) which alternate and link to form a hexagonal mesh in the plane of the TB. The collective re-organization of the supramolecular packing highlights the hierarchical structure of ordered BCP phases and emphasizes the remarkable malleability of soft matter., 27 pages, 9 figures (contains SI)

Additional file 2: Supple. Table 2. Baseline characteristics between mRS≥2 and mRS 0-1 group in patients treated with IV tPA.

Additional file 1: Supple. Table 1. Baseline characteristics between ENI and no ENI group in patients treated with IV tPA.

Objectives To compare the clinical outcomes and vision-related quality of life after implantable collamer lens (ICL) implantation for younger patients (17 years ≤ age ≤21 years) and for older patients (age >21 years). Methods Design: Retrospective observational study. This study-enrolled patients underwent ICL implantation and finished 5-year follow-up who were divided into two groups based on age. Uncorrected distance visual acuity and corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), refractions for the evaluation of efficacy, safety, stability, and predictability, intraocular pressure, corneal endothelial cell, ICL vaults, higher-order aberration (HOA), contrast sensitivity (CS) functions, adverse events, and quality of life were evaluated on 1, 3, 7, 14 days, 1, 3, 6 months and 1, 3, 5 years after surgery. Results The study enrolled 164 eyes (82 patients), 84 in younger group (17 years ≤ age ≤21 years) and 80 in older group (age >21 years). The mean postoperative log of minimal angle of resolution CDVA of younger group was better than those of older group. The mean spherical equivalent values were more myopic in younger group than older group. As for CS and HOA, the younger and older groups showed similar data. The NEI-RQL scores of dependence on correction, worry, suboptimal correction, appearance, and satisfaction of older group were higher, whereas the score of symptom and near vision was worse. Both groups showed similar results in vaults, endothelial cell density and adverse events. Conclusions The ICL performed well for the ametropia correction of both younger and older patients throughout the 5-year period. In the younger group, the visual quality was even better, but the myopic shift was quicker.