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BACKGROUND The use of intralesional Mycobacterium bovis BCG (intralesional live BCG) for the treatment of metastatic melanoma resulted in regression of directly injected, and occasionally of distal lesions. However, intralesional-BCG is less effective in patients with visceral metastases and did not significantly improve overall survival. METHODS We generated a novel BCG lysate and developed it into a thermosensitive PLGA-PEG-PLGA hydrogel (BCG hydrogel), which was injected adjacent to the tumor to assess its antitumor effect in syngeneic tumor models (B16F10, MC38). The effect of BCG hydrogel treatment on contralateral tumors, lung metastases, and survival was assessed to evaluate systemic long-term efficacy. Gene expression profiles of tumor-infiltrating immune cells and of tumor-draining lymph nodes from BCG hydrogel-treated mice were analyzed by single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and CD8+ T cell receptor (TCR) repertoire diversity was assessed by TCR-sequencing. To confirm the mechanistic findings, RNA-seq data of biopsies obtained from in-transit cutaneous metastases of patients with melanoma who had received intralesional-BCG therapy were analyzed. RESULTS Here, we show that BCG lysate exhibits enhanced antitumor efficacy compared to live mycobacteria and promotes a proinflammatory tumor microenvironment and M1 macrophage (MΦ) polarization in vivo. The underlying mechanisms of BCG lysate-mediated tumor immunity are dependent on MΦ and dendritic cells (DCs). BCG hydrogel treatment induced systemic immunity in melanoma-bearing mice with suppression of lung metastases and improved survival. Furthermore, BCG hydrogel promoted cathepsin S (CTSS) activity in MΦ and DCs, resulting in enhanced antigen processing and presentation of tumor-associated antigens. Finally, BCG hydrogel treatment was associated with increased frequencies of melanoma-reactive CD8+ T cells. In human patients with melanoma, intralesional-BCG treatment was associated with enhanced M1 MΦ, mature DC, antigen processing and presentation, as well as with increased CTSS expression which positively correlated with patient survival. CONCLUSIONS These findings provide mechanistic insights as well as rationale for the clinical translation of BCG hydrogel as cancer immunotherapy to overcome the current limitations of immunotherapies for the treatment of patients with melanoma.

To synthesize PEG@TiO2 with excellent energy storage properties, polyethylene glycol (PEG) was in situ encapsulated for the first time into the pores of three-dimensional (3D) porous TiO2. PEG was surrounded by the hydrolysable precursor of TiO2 and wrapped in the pores of 3D nanoporous TiO2 skeleton after the hydrolysis and condensation of the precursor, which was utterly different from that PEG was passively absorbed into the pores through physical impregnation method adopted by the present references. The 3D TiO2 framework provided excellent shape stability and inhibited the outleakage of the melted PEG. The weight percentage of the encapsulated PEG was approximately 92 wt% of PEG@TiO2 composite. The phase transition enthalpies of the crystallization and melting processes of the composite were 147.1 J/g and 153.3 J/g, which approached those of the pure PEG. Besides, the thermal conductivity value of PEG@TiO2 was 0.39 W/(mK), about 26% enhancement compared with that of pure PEG. The enthalpies of crystallization and melting processes decreased only by 0.1% and 0.2% after 100 thermal cycles. This study revealed that PEG@TiO2 composite exhibited unique energy storage properties such as energy storage capability, thermal stability, thermal reliability and thermal conductivity.

In order to effectively improve the accuracy of related analysis models in the application of government risk investment, a government risk investment prediction model based on fuzzy clustering discrete algorithm is put forward in this paper. First of all, government risk investment problem is analyzed. Based on Markowitz theory, the general government risk investment model is considered, and the market value constraint and the upper bound constraint are combined to improve the government risk investment model and obtain the mixed constraint government risk investment model. Secondly, the fuzzy clustering discrete algorithm is introduced in the analysis process of government venture investment model, and it is used to solve the mixed constraint analysis model of government venture investment. In addition, to further improve the performance of discrete algorithm based on fuzzy clustering in the model solving process, automatic contraction and expansion of factors is used to carry out adaptive learning of related parameters based fuzzy clustering discrete algorithm, and improve the convergence of the algorithm. Finally, the simulation experiments on some stock samples of investment sector show that the algorithm in this paper can obtain more ideal government venture investment schemes, so as to reduce investment risk and obtain greater investment returns.

Simple Summary Genetic variants explaining approximately 40% of familial breast cancer risk have been identified, thus leaving a significant fraction of the heritability of this disease still unexplained. The exact nature of this missing fraction is unknown; more extensive sequencing efforts could potentially identify new moderate-penetrance breast cancer risk alleles. The aim of this study was to perform a large-scale whole-exome sequencing study, followed by a targeted validation, in breast cancer patients and healthy women of European descent. We identified 20 novel genes with modest evidence of association (p-value < 0.05) for either overall or subtype-specific breast cancer; however, much larger studies are needed to confirm the exact role of these genes in susceptibility to breast cancer. Rare variants in at least 10 genes, including BRCA1, BRCA2, PALB2, ATM, and CHEK2, are associated with increased risk of breast cancer; however, these variants, in combination with common variants identified through genome-wide association studies, explain only a fraction of the familial aggregation of the disease. To identify further susceptibility genes, we performed a two-stage whole-exome sequencing study. In the discovery stage, samples from 1528 breast cancer cases enriched for breast cancer susceptibility and 3733 geographically matched unaffected controls were sequenced. Using five different filtering and gene prioritization strategies, 198 genes were selected for further validation. These genes, and a panel of 32 known or suspected breast cancer susceptibility genes, were assessed in a validation set of 6211 cases and 6019 controls for their association with risk of breast cancer overall, and by estrogen receptor (ER) disease subtypes, using gene burden tests applied to loss-of-function and rare missense variants. Twenty genes showed nominal evidence of association (p-value < 0.05) with either overall or subtype-specific breast cancer. Our study had the statistical power to detect susceptibility genes with effect sizes similar to ATM, CHEK2, and PALB2, however, it was underpowered to identify genes in which susceptibility variants are rarer or confer smaller effect sizes. Larger sample sizes would be required in order to identify such genes.

Photothermal therapy (PTT) has shown great potential in cancer treatment for inducing photothermal ablation and eliciting immune responses. However, PTT-triggered antitumor immunity is severely hampered by the dynamic amplification of programmed cell death protein ligand 1(PD-L1) and indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase 1(IDO-1) in tumors. To thoroughly liberate PTT efficiency, a bispecific nanomodulator is developed to trigger PTT and dual-block PD-L1 and IDO-1 pathways for boosting effective antitumor immunity. The nanomodulator is excipient-free and self-assembled by leveraging hydrophobic interactions among indocyanine green (ICG), JQ1 and BMS986205 (BMS). The loading efficiency of JQ1 and BMS is as high as 42.0% and 51.8% at a feeding ratio of 1:1. The bispecific nanomodulator efficiently induces PTT and immunogenic cell death (ICD) upon laser irradiation. Moreover, PTT-mediated upregulation of PD-L1 and IDO-1 activation are reversed by the nanomodulator, leading to enhanced infiltration of CD8+ T cells and high levels of TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma in tumors. The bispecific nanomodulator significantly inhibits the growth and metastasis of subcutaneous tumors in mice, and provides defensive effects against tumor rechallenge through immune memory effects. Overall, the bispecific nanomodulator provides a feasible and safe approach for potentiating photothermal immunotherapy against solid tumors.(c) 2022 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Germline pathogenic variants in TP53 are associated with Li-Fraumeni syndrome, a cancer predisposition disorder inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern associated with a high risk of malignancy, including early-onset breast cancers, sarcomas, adrenocortical carcinomas, and brain tumors. Intense cancer surveillance for individuals with TP53 germline pathogenic variants is associated with reduced cancer-related mortality. Accurate and consistent classification of germline variants across clinical and research laboratories is important to ensure appropriate cancer surveillance recommendations. Here, we describe the work performed by the Clinical Genome Resource TP53 Variant Curation Expert Panel (ClinGen TP53 VCEP) focused on specifying the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics and the Association for Molecular Pathology (ACMG/AMP) guidelines for germline variant classification to the TP53 gene. Specifications were developed for 20 ACMG/AMP criteria, while nine were deemed not applicable. The original strength level for the 10 criteria was also adjusted due to current evidence. Use of TP53-specific guidelines and sharing of clinical data amongexperts and clinical laboratories led to a decrease in variants of uncertain significance from 28% to 12% compared with the original guidelines. The ClinGen TP53 VCEP recommends the use of these TP53-specific ACMG/AMP guidelines as the standard strategy for TP53 germline variant classification.

Industrial activity, dam construction, and agriculture&mdash, while important for socioeconomic progress&mdash, can severely damage the natural environment. To evaluate the effects of these human activities on the bio-integrity of riverine ecosystems, we examined the Wanan reach of the Ganjiang River (Wanan River basin), which contains the river&rsquo, s largest reservoir. On the basis of 20 attributes of zooplankton, we constructed a zooplankton index of bio-integrity (Z-IBI) evaluation system using range analysis, discriminant analysis, and correlation analysis. Our research found that these anthropogenic activities can greatly change the composition and number of zooplankton community. The overall health status of this catchment was classified as &ldquo, good&rdquo, and the eco-health situation of the reference, industrial, dam-controlled and agricultural sites were deemed &ldquo, healthy&rdquo, &ldquo, fair&rdquo, and &ldquo, respectively. Our results suggested that the three activities adversely affected the integrity of local aquatic ecosystems. Agriculture was the activity most detrimental to the zooplankton community, followed by industrial production and dam construction. Therefore, we demonstrated that the Z-IBI evaluation system can be applied to reservoir&ndash, riverine ecosystems. We also provide guidance on the ecological protection, assessment, monitoring and of reservoir&ndash, riverine ecosystems and suggest that additional Z-IBI evaluation approaches be further developed in the future.

Additional file 3: Table S2. Primer sequences used in this study.

Additional file 2: Table S1. Regents of organoids analysis.

Additional file 4: Figure S1. Characteristics of organoids in H2O2-induced senescence. (a) Viability / cytotoxicity assay of organoids before oxidative stress induction. Almost all the organoids were alive (green), with a small number of single cells dead (red) (scale bar, 100 μm). (b) Typical appearance of organoids after 120 h H2O2 induction, observed by light microscopy. Cells scattered and aggregated inside the lumen of organoids (scale bar, 200 μm).

Additional file 7: Figure S4. Concentration of SASP components and chemokines of organoids culture supernatant. (a) Line graph, mRNA expression fold changes of SASP components at 24, 48, 96 and 120 h in Exo group (two-way ANOVA, mean, n = 4). (b) The fold changes of IL-8 mRNA expression of organoids at 24, 48, 96 and 120 h (ordinary one-way ANOVA, mean ± SD, n = 4); (c) CX3CL1 protein concentration in culture supernatant at 96 h, and 120 h. (d) CXCL2 protein concentration in culture supernatant at 96 h, and 120 h. (e) CXCL15 protein concentration in culture supernatant at 120 h. (f) CXCL16 protein concentration in culture supernatant at 120 h. Data are presented as mean ± SD (ordinary one-way ANOVA, n = 3).

Additional file 6: Figure S3. hPMSCs culture and identification. (a) Picture of hPMSCs captured by light microscope: classic spindle-shaped morphology (scar bar, 100 μm); (b) Alizarin red S staining of hPMSCs on day 21(scar bar, 100 μm); (c) Oil red O staining of hPMSCs on day 28 (scar bar, 100 μm). (d) Flow cytometry analysis of surface antigens on hPMSCs (CD73, CD90, CD105, CD11b, CD19, CD34, CD45 and HLA-DR).

Additional file 1 Supplementary Material.

Superconducting 166.6 MHz β = 1 cavities of quarter-wave geometry have been chosen for a high energy photon source, a 6 GeV diffraction-limited synchrotron light source currently under construction in Beijing. Five cavities will provide the required 5.4 MV radio frequency (rf) voltage and 900 kW beam power. Each cavity will be equipped with one fundamental power coupler (FPC), delivering a minimum rf power of 180 kW to the beam. A 50 Ω coaxial structure with one planar warm window was employed. Its location was carefully selected to avoid electron bombardments on the ceramic window due to potential cavity field emission while preserving the required strong coupling. Focusing on optimized heat loads, a compact geometry was pursued to allow assembly with the cavity in a class 10 clean room, thus minimizing contamination. Two prototype FPCs have been fabricated and examined with high power on room-temperature test stands. The couplers were tested up to 50 kW continuous wave (cw) limited by the available solid-state amplifier. The rf conditioning was conducted initially in travelling-wave mode and later in a standing-wave setup with the variable phase of the reverse wave. All rf surfaces were thus exposed to a high field equivalent to 200 kW cw traveling wave. Being the most critical component, the window-inner-conductor assembly was conditioned up to 150 kW at 650 MHz on a hybrid test stand. Multipacting barriers were encountered as predicted and can be processed by rf conditioning. The design, fabrication, and high-power tests of the first 166.6 MHz FPCs are presented.

Surface modification has been proved to be one of the effective strategies for enhancing the properties of graphene sheets. When a non-covalent modification method is appropriately designed, novel opportunities for better performance of graphene nanosheets can be expected since this strategy can tailor the properties of graphene while its natural structure is retained. This paper introduces a simple route to prepare a highly biocompatible, stable and conductive graphene hybrid modified by poly-L-lysine (PLL) for biosensors using the non-covalent strategy. Results show that PLL adopts a random conformation with the nonpolar parts exposed to outside since its side chains are positively charged under neutral conditions. This conformation allows the strong adhesion of PLL to graphene surface via the hydrophobic interaction between butyl chains of PLL and graphene surface, cation–π interaction of protonated amine groups on PLL with the π electrons in graphene, and electrostatic interaction between the protonated amine groups on PLL and the negatively charged carboxyl groups remaining on graphene. All these interactions make the resultant PLL-G hybrid stable and dispersible in aqueous solutions. The resultant hybrid is then used to construct high performance biosensors. As demonstration, hemoglobin (Hb) carrying negative charges can be easily immobilized on the hybrid via electrostatic interactions with the positively charged lysine side chains of PLL modified on graphene surface, forming the Hb@PLL-G bionanocomposite. The immobilized protein retains its native structure and exhibits reversible direct electrochemistry. The Hb@PLL-G based enzymatic electrochemical biosensor shows excellent catalytic activity toward its substrate hydrogen peroxide. Its electrochemical response shows the linear dependence of hydrogen peroxide concentration in a range between 10 μM and 80 μM with a detection limit of 0.1 μM. The apparent Michaelis–Menten constant is calculated as 0.0753 mM, demonstrating the significant catalytic ability of the protein. The present strategy can be extended to modify other carbon materials and the resultant nanocomposites are promising for construction of biosensors, bioelectronics and biofuel cells.

Additional file 1: Table S1. WHO classification and IDH mutation status of glioma cell lines applied in our study. Table S2. Clinical information of the LGG and GBM cohort included for our OS analysis from TCGA database.

Additional file 2: Figure S1. a–c The role of Skp2 expression in the OS of patients with IDH1wt GBM, IDHwt LGG and even IDHmut LGG was analyzed. d, e The role of Skp2 expression in the OS of IDHmut LGG patients with or without 1p19q co-deletion was analyzed. Figure S2. Cell cycle cascade rate were detected in three cell lines, U87, U138 and LNZ308, upon LV, TMZ or combined treatments. With regard to the strong effect of TMZ in glioma cells, we chose 10 nM as the combination concentration of lovastatin in our study. Lovastatin caused a little bit of G2/M arrest in U87 and LNZ308, but not in U138 cell. The G1 phase cell numbers were enhanced in U138 and LNZ308 cells upon lovastatin treatment. Lovastatin did not further induce G2/M arrest when combined with TMZ in U87 and U138. However, in LNZ308 cells, lovastatin promoted G2/M arrest upon TMZ treatments dramatically. (*p

Additional file 1: Fig. S1. Characteristics of MSCs. (A) MSCs were spindle-shaped in passage 3. MSCs differentiated into adipocytes (B) and osteocytes (C). (D) FACS analysis of MSCs using monoclonal antibodies including CD29, CD44, SCA-1, CD45, CD86, CD31, CD11b and MHC-Ia. Fig. S2. Heatmap of top 30 marker genes according to foldchange of each cluster identified using cluster specific DEGs. Fig. S3. Proportion of clusters in different groups. The red bars represent cluster 0, the green bars represent cluster 1, the cyan bars represent cluster 2, and the purple bars represent cluster 3. Fig. S4. Volcano plot shows the DEGs of LPS and LPS/MSC groups. P values were calculated using Wilcoxon test. Fig. S5. Violin plots show the log-transformed expression of Ccl3 at 3 days after LPS and LPS/MSC treatment. Fig. S6. Selected biological processes predicted by GO functional enrichment analysis using the upregulated genes by MSCs after 7 days. Table S1. Results of differential gene expression analysis between the PBS group and mice at 3 days after LPS treatment. Table S2. Results of differential gene expression analysis at 3 days after LPS and LPS/MSC treatment. Table S3. Results of differential gene expression analysis at 7 days after LPS and LPS/MSC treatment. Table S4. All markers of each cluster.

Additional file 1: Table S1. Bacterial phyla correlated by Pearson’s correlation to gestation stage and DF level. Table S2. Bacterial genera correlated by Pearson’s correlation to gestation stage and DF level.

This study presents a fast and efficient vector finite element method, based on the model reduction algorithm, to simulate the 3-D magnetotelluric response. Firstly, we derive a finite element governing equation based on electric field vector from Maxewell's equations Then we express the electric field by a function of frequency parameter to get a transfer function that can be approximated by the Krylov subspace model reduction algorithm. The transfer function after model reduction has far lower dimensions than the original one, and it can be directly solved by the Pardiso solver. Therefore, the computational efficiency is significantly improved. For validation, we compare the proposed algorithm with the 3-D direct finite element method (3DFEM) by a three-layer model, and the results show that the computation time of the former is less than 1/10 of the latter for the same accuracy. We also compare the electromagnetic response obtained by the proposed method with that obtained by two classical models, COMMEMI 3D-2A Model and Dublin Test Model 1. These results agree well, indicating that the proposed method is feasible and efficient for 3-D magnetotelluric forward modeling.

Table S1. List of 43 metal isotope-tagged antibodies for mass cytometry. Table S2. Mean Proportions for all cell subsets of mouse liver immune cells by t-SNE/X-shift in our study. Figure S1. Characteristics of male C57BL/6 mouse MSCs at passage 3. Figure S2. Gating strategy for valid immune cells. Figure. S3. MSCs grafted into CCl4-induced injured livers and biochemical tests. Figure S4. Comparison mass cytometry and flow cytometry analysis of mouse liver four major cell subsets defined by traditional criteria. Figure S5. viSNE map of markers. Figure S6. High-dimensional characteristics of MSC-specific alterations in adaptive immune cell subsets. Figure S7. High-dimensional characteristics of MSC-specific alterations in innate immune cell subsets. Figure S8. Changes in CD43 after MSC treatment in the injured and recovery phases. (DOC 10303 kb)

During the War of Resistance against Japan, punishment of traitors is an organic part of the war against Japanese aggression; after the war, as one of the problems left by the war, punishment of traitors is actually an irresistible trend. Considering economic and political interests, the nationalist government gradually set punishment of traitors on their political agenda. One of the means of punishing traitors is confiscation of their properties. Confiscation of traitors’ property can increase government income, relieving the financial burdens of postwar construction, and at the same time it also occupies the commanding heights of national interests, avoiding cause of gossip from political opponents. Accordingly, enacting and implementing policies on traitors’ properties became an important part of postwar political reconstruction. This paper aims to research on nationalist governments handling on traitors’ properties by sorting out its legislative limits as well as processing procedures and conf...

Norbert Elias was the first person to use ‘habitus’ as a concept to refer to the fact that an individual’s nonverbal habits and habitus are the result of social structure, and that individuals usually group themselves according to similar habits and habitus. This concept was later redefined by Pierre Bourdieu, who also included people’s beliefs and preferences in his conception of habitus. Today, Bourdieu’s theory of practice is academically well established, accepted and applied worldwide. However, research on its cultural limitations, particularly reflective research on the dilemma of localizing his theory in China, is not enough. By closely examining some of the successful entrepreneurs or businessmen in Yiwu and Cixi, our article aims to test and verify these concepts’ general applicability. It attempts to reflect on some inconsistencies regarding ‘field and habitus’ in practice. Specifically, we want to find out how many of the young entrepreneurs come from relatively more advantaged family b...

A Populus euphratica nebkha is a type of wind-accumulated landform. In arid desert areas, when the wind-sand flow is blocked by P. euphratica, sand materials accumulate under and around trees. West of the Hotan River, P. euphratica is widely distributed in the sparsely forested sandy land to the south of Mazartag Mountain. The P. euphratica nebkha geomorphology is formed by wind erosion of sand and has rarely been studied. Based on a field investigation using real-time kinematics (RTK), the three-dimensional morphological characteristics and spatial distribution of the Populus euphratica nebkhas at 10 plots west of the Hotan River were quantitatively analyzed based on GIS data and statistical methods. The results were as follows. 1) The nebkhas exhibited an irregular contour with significant spatial differences in morphological parameters. Most nebkhas were in the developmental stage. 2) All nebkhas exhibited a patchy distribution, and at the patch level, P. euphratica nebkhas were dispersed throughout the study area and distributed on slopes ranging from 20° to 40°. 3) P. euphratica nebkhas were mainly distributed in the southwestern portions of the study area and on both sides of the old watercourse.

Mutation in OsPHR3 differentially affects total N concentration in different tissues. (PDF 129Â kb)

Mutation in OsPHR3 does not affect the lateral root development under different NH4+ regimes. (PDF 154Â kb)

Boron carbide has exceptional thermoelectric properties due to its unique crystal structure. The effects of nano-TiB2 on the thermoelectric properties of boron rich boron carbide is presented here. Boron rich boron carbide-TiB2 composites were prepared in-situ by sintering of wet ball milled B, B4C and nano-TiO2 powders through Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS) at 1900 °C from. Five different compositions of the composite were prepared- with 1, 2.5, 5, 7.5 and 10 wt.% TiO2. The dependence of densification and thermoelectric properties on TiO2 content were studied. The microstructure was observed through Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM) and phases were analyzed using X-ray diffraction (XRD). The electrical property was found to increase due to metallic TiB2 phase and so the Seebeck coefficient reduced consequently. The overall dimensionless figure of merit was found to be higher due to the formation of boron rich phase but the effect of TiO2 was not significant. The increase in lattice parameter for different TiB2 showed that the reaction during sintering depends on the amount of TiO2 added.

Comparative identity matrix and domain structure of MYB-CC family members in Arabidopsis and rice. (PDF 177Â kb)

Mutation in OsPHR3 has no effect on Pi and total P concentrations under different N regimes. (PDF 161Â kb)

Primers used for osphr3 mutant identification. (DOCX 12Â kb)

Gene-specific primers used for qRT-PCR. (DOCX 15Â kb)

To have a better understanding of the reinforcement effect on the crushed zone after grouting in coal mining extraction work, a self-designed grouting apparatus was used to study the effects of the grain size mixtures (distribution) and the stress state on the mechanical behaviours of grouted crushed coal specimens. From the various grouting tests, triaxial compression tests and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observations of grouted specimens with different grain size mixtures, it was found that, for the same grain size mixture, the peak (σp) and residual (σr) strengths of the grouted specimens increased with an increase in confining pressure. It was found that the average slope values of the σp-σ3 curves for the grouted specimens with different grain size mixtures were all larger than those of the σr-σ3 curves. It was observed that the peak strain (εp) of the grouted specimens with different grain size mixtures increased overall with increasing confining pressure. For constant confining pressure, the peak and residual strengths both gradually increased approximately linearly as the grain size mixtures varied from small to large, but at higher confining pressures, the influence of the grain size mixture on the peak (or residual) strength increased. These mechanical behaviours of the grouted crushed coal specimens were strongly dependent on the variation in the grain size mixtures and in the confining pressure, which can be explained by the crack evolution process within the grouted specimen under triaxial compression, to a certain extent. Ultimate failure of the grouted specimen occurred just after propagation and coalescence of the cracks through the entire grouted specimen. Moreover, there were three major microscopic diffusion modes for the grouts flowing in most of the crushed coal specimens. Based on these test results, it was found that the reinforcement effect of the grouted specimen related to the splitting grouting mode (occurring in most of the large specimens) seems to be better than that of the penetrating (filling) grouting mode (in most of the small specimens).

Isolation and validation of OsPHR3 mutants. (PDF 155Â kb)

Mutation in OsPHR3 affects adventitious root length. (PDF 121Â kb)

Background Influenza is an acute respiratory infectious disease with a high incidence rate in the Chinese army, which directly disturbs military training and affects soldiers’ health. Influenza surveillance systems are widely used around the world and play an important role in influenza epidemic prevention and control. Methods As a theater centers for disease prevention and control, we established an influenza monitoring platform (IMP) in 2014 to strengthen the monitoring of influenza-like illness and influenza virus infection. In this study, we introduced the constitution, influenza virus detection, and quality control for an IMP. The monitoring effect was also evaluated by comparing the monitoring data with data from national influenza surveillance systems. The experiences and problems associated with the platform also were summarized. Results A theater IMP was established based on 3 levels of medical units, including monitoring sites, testing laboratories and a checking laboratory. A series of measures were taken to guarantee the quality of monitoring, such as technical training, a unified process, sufficient supervision and timely communication. The platform has run smoothly for 3 monitoring years to date. In the 2014–2015 and 2016–2017 monitoring years, sample amount coincided with that obtained from the National Influenza Surveillance program. In the 2015–2016 monitoring year, due to the strict prevention and control measures, an influenza epidemic peak was avoided in monitoring units, and the monitoring data did not coincide with that of the National Influenza Surveillance program. Several problems, including insufficient attention, unreasonable administrative intervention or subordination relationships, and the necessity of detection in monitoring sites were still observed. Conclusions A theater IMP was established rationally and played a deserved role in the prevention and control of influenza. However, several problems remain to be solved.

Rationale: Carnitine-acylcarnitine translocate deficiency (CACTD) is a rare and life-threatening, autosomal recessive disorder of fatty acid β-oxidation characterized by hypoketotic hypoglycemia, hyperammonemia, cardiomyopathy, liver dysfunction, and muscle weakness; culminating in early death. To date, CACTD cases screened from the Chinese mainland population, especially patient with compound heterozygote with c.199-10T>G and a novel c.1A>G mutation in the SLC25A20 gene has never been described. Patient concerns: Herein, we report 2 neonatal cases of CACTD identified from the mainland China. These 2 patients were presented with severe metabolic crisis and their clinical conditions deteriorate rapidly and both died of cardiorespiratory collapse in the first week of life. We present the clinical and biochemical features of 2 probands and a brief literature review of previously reported CACTD cases with the c.199-10T>G mutation. Diagnoses: The acylcarnitine profiles by tandem-mass-spectrometry and the mutation analysis of SLC25A20 gene confirmed the diagnosis of CACTD in both patients. Mutation analysis demonstrated that patient No. 1 was homozygous for c.199-10T>G mutation, while patient No. 2 was a compound heterozygote for 2 mutations, a maternally-inherited c.199-10T>G and a paternally-inherited, novel c.1A>G mutation. Interventions: Both patients were treated with an aggressive treatment regimen include high glucose and arginine infusion, respiratory, and circulatory support. Outcomes: The first proband died 3 days after delivery due to sudden cardiac arrest. The second patient's clinical condition, at one time, was improved by high glucose infusion, intravenous arginine, and circulatory support. However, the patient failed to wean from mechanical ventilation. Unfortunately, her parents refused further treatment due to fear of financial burdens. The patient died of congestive heart failure in the 6th day of life. Lessons: We report the first 2 cases of CACTD identified from the mainland China. Apart from a founder mutation c.199-10T>G, we identified a novel c.1A>G mutation. Patients with CACTD with a genotype of c.199-10T>G mutation usually presents with a severe clinical phenotype. Early recognition and appropriate treatment is crucial in this highly lethal disorder. This case series highlights the importance of screening for metabolic diseases including CACTD in cases of sudden infant death and unexplained abrupt clinical deterioration in the early neonatal period.

Histogram modification (HM) is an efficient technique for reversible data embedding (RDE) into stereo H.264 video. Nevertheless, in the traditional HM, the value of a coefficient is singly modified for embedding data, i.e., the relationships among coefficients are not considered. In this paper, to make full use of the correlation between two coefficients, we present a novel two-dimensional (2D) HM strategy for stereo H.264 video. Firstly, two quantized discrete cosine transform (QDCT) alternating current (AC) coefficients are randomly selected from each embeddable 4?×?4 luminance block. The values of coefficient pairs are classified into nonoverlapping sets. According to the sets of coefficient pairs, the generated 2D histogram is modified to embed data. When the value of one QDCT AC coefficient is modified by adding or subtracting 1, only one data bit at most could be hidden by using the traditional HM, whereas up to three bits of information can be simultaneously embedded by employing the proposed scheme. The better capacity-distortion performance of the proposed strategy is proved by experiments.

An intergrative detecting scheme is provided to the IoT application and service in agriculture.The application and service is ensured by detecting service in sensor layer,network layer and application layer respectively.In sensor layer,sensor devices are managed and the relationship between sensors and services are built,in order to trace back to the related device when there′s any problem.In network layer,automatic back-up and re-set is accomplished when network configuration,to ensure the transmission between sensor layer and network layer.In application layer,load test is applied in service support platform.The service is controlled by real-time monitoring to database in cloud platform.Through the global monitor,the service performance is ensured and user experience is improved,which will finally help the development of IoT in agricultue.

Background Clear cell meningioma (CCM) is a rare meningioma, with radiologic features not well characterized in literature. The purpose of this study was to describe and characterize the clinical features and imaging findings of CCM. Materials and methods The computed tomography (n = 16) and magnetic resonance (n = 23) images of 23 patients (12 men and 11 women; mean age, 34.6 years) were retrospectively reviewed. All of the patients underwent surgical resection. Follow-up was performed through clinical observations. Results Cerebellopontine angle was the most frequently presenting location (n = 10). The tumors were isointense (n = 12) or hypointense but associated with isointense (n = 7) appearance to gray matter on T1-weighted images. However, the tumors seemed to be isointense (n = 6) or isointense and hyperintense (n = 13) on T2-weighted images. On gadolinium-enhanced T1-weighted images, heterogeneous enhancement was seen in 14 lesions. Four lesions had amorphous calcifications, 18 showed peritumoral edema, 14 had cystic areas, 2 had bone hyperostosis, and 8 manifested bone destruction. On initial surgery, 17 patients underwent complete resection, whereas 5 patients underwent subtotal resection of their tumors. The operative result for the remaining patient was unknown. Follow-up was possible in 22 patients. Eleven patients had recurrence and 2 had died. Conclusions Clear cell meningioma is a rare subtype of meningioma that occurs in younger patients and often recurs. Cerebellopontine angle is the most affected area in this series. The extent of initial surgical resection is the most important prognostic factor. In radiological studies, CCM tends to have marked heterogeneous enhancement, prominent peritumoral edema, intratumoral cystic components, and involvement of the adjacent bone.

A modified compound multiple-influent A2/O process was used to treat sewage with a low C/N under low temperature, the nitrogen and phosphorus removal was investigated. Raw water was distributed into anaerobic tank and anoxic tank by the proportion of 5:5 to rationally distribute the carbon sources required by anaerobic phosphorus release and anoxic denitrification. And some carriers were added into aerobic tank and anoxic tank separately to stabilize the effect of nitrification and denitrification and improve the denitrification efficiency. The effluent of anaerobic tank and anoxic tank flowed into aerobic tank to reduce the sludge flow path. In order to increase microbial biomass, adjust sludge return ratio was ranged from 50% to 75%. The results showed that when the water temperature is14°C, the concentration of COD, NH3-N, TN and TP in influent were 69.5 mg/L, 33.74 mg/L, 42.31 mg/L and 4.94 mg/L, the effluent quality of the above indexes were 40.1 mg/L, 1.45 mg/L, 12.54 mg/L and 0.46 mg/L, and the average removal of COD, NH3-N, TN, TP were 85.10%, 95.7%, 70.37% and 90.73%, respectively.

Cultural psychology as a discipline is designed ultimately to help understand and to help guide cultural practice. In the present study, we focus on the case of present-day Chinese communication (or discourse) and argue that an adequate understanding must take into account its cultural ways of thinking and feeling—a discourse-dialectic collective consciousness connected with Chinese history on the one hand, and international cultures on the other hand. From this perspective, we propose in particular that the Chinese cultural psychological entity be seen as a network of values, rules and resources for thinking and feeling that are embodied and strategically utilized in contemporary Chinese discursive practice. To elucidate this cultural psychological perspective, we cite and examine a range of empirical discursive examples in diverse settings. In conclusion, the future research agenda is discussed.

By regarding the east of Birkum desert of the west of Taklimakan as research areas, the paper measured the basic morphological characteristics of Populus euphratica nebkhas through real-time kinematics, got the relevant data of groundwater by manual drilling, and analyzed the response of emorphological characteristics of P. euphratica nebkhas to groundwater. The results showed that the change range of morphological parameters of P. euphratica nebkhas was large. Groundwater infil- trated the research areas from west, south and southwest to northwest and the depth of groundwater ranged from 0.15 m to 83.2 m. Except for the maximums of the length and circumference, the other morphological parameters of P. euphratica nebkhas had a negative relation with the depth of groundwater. The volume of P. euphratica nebkhas was mainly in the range of 63.54-91.24 m3.

Leavening ability in sweet dough is required for the commercial applications of baker's yeast. This property depends on many factors, such as glycolytic activity, sucrase activity, and osmotolerance. This study explored the importance of sucrase level on the leavening ability of baker's yeast in sweet dough. Furthermore, the baker's yeast strains with varying sucrase activities were constructed by deleting SUC2, which encodes sucrase or replacing the SUC2 promoter with the VPS8/TEF1 promoter. The results verify that the sucrase activity negatively affects the leavening ability of baker's yeast strains under high-sucrose conditions. Based on a certain level of osmotolerance, sucrase level plays a significant role in the fermentation performance of baker's yeast, and appropriate sucrase activity is an important determinant for the leavening property of baker's yeast in sweet dough. Therefore, modification on sucrase activity is an effective method for improving the leavening properties of baker's yeast in sweet dough. This finding provides guidance for the breeding of industrial baker's yeast strains for sweet dough leavening. The transformants BS1 with deleted SUC2 genetic background provided decreased sucrase activity (a decrease of 39.3 %) and exhibited enhanced leavening property (an increase of 12.4 %). Such a strain could be useful for industrial applications.

Interview guidelines. (DOCX 14.6 kb)

2,6-Di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol (BHT), also known as 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol (DBPC), is an antioxidant widely used in transformer oil. The electrochemcial properties of BHT in transformer oil were investigated by using electrochemical techniques, and a new determination method of BHT in transformer oil based on differential pulse voltammetry was established. It was confirmed that the intensity of characteristic peak of differential pulse voltammetric corresponded for BHT exhibited a good linear relationship with the concentration of BHT within the concentration range from 0.01 to 0.5 %. After researching the accuracy of the experimental results by using spectrophotometry, liquid chromatography, and the electrochemical method, it was further demonstrated that the electrochemical method could be applied to the determination of the content of BHT antioxidant in transformer oils.

In terms of features of field and track athletes’ training, th is paper, integrating techniques of network, database, computers, multi-media, image processing, etc, devises a management information system of field and track training based on B/S model and provides an training informat ion processing system. Th is paper analyzes the systematic functional structure and the constitution of systematic sub-systems in detail. Meanwhile, it elaborates on the design of systematic functional structure, network structure, link modes and systematic soft wares’ functions, and introduces web, database and ASP dynamic homepage technique applied in the interactive Web system design, followed by the cases for illustration of some relevant designs.