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40 results on '"Eriksson, A. I."'

1. The Neuroimmune Response to Surgery – An Exploratory Study of Trauma-Induced Changes in Innate Immunity and Heart Rate Variability

Author: Hildenborg, Malin, Kåhlin, Jessica, Granath, Fredrik, Schening, Anna, Granström, Anna, Ebberyd, Anette, Klevenvall, Lena, Zetterberg, Henrik, Han, Jinming, Schlegel, Todd T., Harris, Robert, Harris, Helena Erlandsson, and Eriksson, Lars I.
Subjects: Immunology, Immunology and Allergy
Published: 2022
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2. The Plasma Environment of Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko

Author: Goetz, Charlotte, Behar, Etienne, Beth, Arnaud, Bodewits, Dennis, Bromley, Steve, Burch, Jim, Deca, Jan, Divin, Andrey, Eriksson, Anders I, Feldman, Paul D, Galand, Marina, Gunell, Herbert, Henri, Pierre, Heritier, Kevin, Jones, Geraint H, Mandt, Kathleen E, Nilsson, Hans, Noonan, John W, Odelstad, Elias, Parker, Joel W, Rubin, Martin, Simon Wedlund, Cyril, Stephenson, Peter, Taylor, Matthew G G T, Vigren, Erik, Vines, Sarah K, Volwerk, Martin, Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC), and European Space Agency / Estec
Subjects: Science & Technology, EMISSION CROSS-SECTIONS, PILE-UP REGION, P-GRIGG-SKJELLERUP, ION MASS-SPECTROMETER, Astronomy and Astrophysics, GIOTTO MAGNETOMETER EXPERIMENT, Astronomy & Astrophysics, 530 Physik, FORBIDDEN OXYGEN LINES, LOW-FREQUENCY WAVES, Fusion, Plasma and Space Physics, SOLAR-WIND INTERACTION, MAGNETIC-FIELD OBSERVATIONS, Fusion, plasma och rymdfysik, Astronomi, astrofysik och kosmologi, Space and Planetary Science, Physical Sciences, 0201 Astronomical and Space Sciences, 4TH POSITIVE SYSTEM, Astronomy, Astrophysics and Cosmology, 000 Informatik, Wissen, Systeme
Abstract: The environment of a comet is a fascinating and unique laboratory to study plasma processes and the formation of structures such as shocks and discontinuities from electron scales to ion scales and above. The European Space Agency's Rosetta mission collected data for more than two years, from the rendezvous with comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko in August 2014 until the final touch-down of the spacecraft end of September 2016. This escort phase spanned a large arc of the comet's orbit around the Sun, including its perihelion and corresponding to heliocentric distances between 3.8 AU and 1.24 AU. The length of the active mission together with this span in heliocentric and cometocentric distances make the Rosetta data set unique and much richer than sets obtained with previous cometary probes. Here, we review the results from the Rosetta mission that pertain to the plasma environment. We detail all known sources and losses of the plasma and typical processes within it. The findings from in-situ plasma measurements are complemented by remote observations of emissions from the plasma. Overviews of the methods and instruments used in the study are given as well as a short review of the Rosetta mission. The long duration of the Rosetta mission provides the opportunity to better understand how the importance of these processes changes depending on parameters like the outgassing rate and the solar wind conditions. We discuss how the shape and existence of large scale structures depend on these parameters and how the plasma within different regions of the plasma environment can be characterised. We end with a non-exhaustive list of still open questions, as well as suggestions on how to answer them in the future. Work at Umeå University was supported by the Swedish National Space Agency, grant 108/18.
Published: 2022

3. The Karolinska KI/K COVID-19 immune atlas: An open resource for immunological research and educational purposes

Author: Ljunggren, Hans-Gustaf, Ask, Eivind Heggernes, Cornillet, Martin, Strunz, Benedikt, Chen, Puran, Rao Muvva, Jagadeeswara, Akber, Mira, Buggert, Marcus, Chambers, Benedict J., Cuapio Gomez, Angelica, Dzidic, Majda, Filipovic, Iva, Flodström-Tullberg, Malin, Garcia, Marina, Gorin, Jean-Baptiste, Gredmark-Russ, Sara, Hertwig, Laura, Klingström, Jonas, Kokkinou, Efthymia, Kvedaraite, Egle, Lourda, Magda, Mjösberg, Jenny, Maucourant, Christopher, Norrby-Teglund, Anna, Palma Medina, Laura M., Parrot, Tiphaine, Perez-Potti, André, Ponzetta, Andrea, Ringqvist, Emma, Rivera-Ballesteros, Olga, Rooyackers, Olav, Sandberg, Johan K., Sandberg, John Tyler, Sekine, Takuya, Svensson, Mattias, Varnaite, Renata, Wullimann, David, Eriksson, Lars I., Aleman, Soo, Malmberg, Karl-Johan, Strålin, Kristoffer, and Björkström, Niklas K.
Subjects: Immunology, General Medicine
Abstract: The Karolinska KI/K COVID-19 Immune Atlas project was conceptualized in March 2020 as a part of the academic research response to the developing SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. The aim was to rapidly provide a curated dataset covering the acute immune response towards SARS-CoV-2 infection in humans, as it occurred during the first wave. The Immune Atlas was built as an open resource for broad research and educational purposes. It contains a presentation of the response evoked by different immune and inflammatory cells in defined naïve patient-groups as they presented with moderate and severe COVID-19 disease. The present Resource Article describes how the Karolinska KI/K COVID-19 Immune Atlas allows scientists, students, and other interested parties to freely explore the nature of the immune response towards human SARS-CoV-2 infection in an online setting.
Published: 2022

4. Post-anaesthesia pulmonary complications after use of muscle relaxants (POPULAR): a multicentre, prospective observational study

Author: Kirmeier E. a, Eriksson L. I. c, Lewald H. a, Jonsson Fagerlund, M. c Hoeft, A. f Hollmann, M. g Meistelman, C. e Hunter, J. M. d Ulm, K. b Blobner, M. aEmail Author, Abad Gurumeta, A. Abernethy, C. Abigail, P. Achaibar, K. Adam, E. Afshari, Agudelo Montoya, M. E. Akgün, F. N. Aletti, G. Alkış, N. Allan, K. Allan, A. Allaouchiche, B. Allcock, C. Almasy, E. Amey, I. Amigoni, M. Andersen, E. Andersson, P. Anipchenko, N. Antunes, P. Armstrong, E. Aslam, T. N. Aslin, B. Assunção, J. P. Ausserer, J. Avvai, M. Awad, Ayas Montero, B. Ayuso, M. Azevedo, P. Badarau, V. Badescu, Baiardo Redaelli, M. Baird, C. Baird, Y. Baker, T. Balaji, P. Bălan, C. Balandin, A. Balescu-Arion, C. Baliuliene, Baltasar Isabel, J. Baluch, S. N. Bandrabur, D. Bankewitz, C. Barber, K. Barbera, F. Barcraft-Barnes, H. Barletti, V. Barnett, G. Baron, K. Barros, A. Barsan, V. Bartlett, P. Batistaki, C. Baumgarten, G. Baytas, V. Beauchamp, Becerra Cayetano, I. A. Bell, S. Bellandi, M. Belletti, Belmonte Cuenca, J. Benitez-Cano, A. Beretta, L. Berger, M. Bergmann, N. Bergmark, Bermudez Lopez, M. Bernotaite, M. Beurskens, C. Bidd, H. Bifulco, F. Bignami, E. Bilic, A. Bilskiene, D. Bischoff, P. Bishop, L. Bjonness, T. Blaylock, H. Blethyn, K. Blincoe, T. Blokhin, I. Blunt, N. Boer, C. Bois, G. Bonicolini, E. Booth, J. Borecka-Kedzierska, M. Borstnar, K. Borys, M. Boselli, E. Bouvet, L. Bouwman, A. Bowen, L. Bowrey, S. Boxall, L. Božić, T. Bradley, T. Branco, T. Brazzi, L. Brazzoni, M. Brear, T. Brogly, N. Brohi, F. Broms, J. Bubliauskas, A. Bucolo, G. E. Buerkle, H. Buggy, D. Buhre, W. Bukauskas, T. Butturini, F. Byttner, Cabrera Díaz, I. Calderon, A. Calhau, R. Callejo, A. Cammu, G. Campesato, M. Can, Ö. S. Candeias, M. Cantor, A. Carise, E. Carmona, C. Carreteiro, J. Carrieri, C. Carter, A. Casal, M. Casanova, I. Cascella, M. Casero, L. M. Casiraghi, G. M. Castelo-Branco, Castro Arranz, C. Cernea, D. D. Cervantes, J. Chandler, B. Charnock, R. Chatzimicali, A. Chinery, E. Chishti, A. Chondhury, P. Christie, E. Christodoudiles, G. Ciardo, S. Cimpeanu, L. Cindea, I. Cinnella, G. Clark, S. Clayton, M. Cocu, S. Collyer, T. Colvin, C. Cope, S. Copeta, F. Copotoiu, S. -M., Correia de Barros, F. Corso, R. M. Cortegiani, A. Costa, G. Cowton, A. Cox, N. Craig, J. Cricca, V. Cronin, J. Cunha, M. Cuomo, A. Curley, K. Czuczwar, M. Dabrowska, D. Damster, Danguy des Déserts, M. Daniliuc, A. Danninger, T. Darwish, I. Dascalu, C. Davies, K. Davies, De Boer, De Flaviis, De Selincourt, G. Deana, C. Debaene, B. Debreceni, G. Dedhia, Delgado Garcia, Della Rocca, G. Delroy-Buelles, L. Desai, T. Dhillon, Di Giacinto, Di Mauro, Diaz Gomez, T. V. Dimitrovski, A. Dinic, V. Dîrzu, D. -S., Divander M. B., Dolinar J., Domingues S., Doolan J., Downes C., Dragoescu N. A., Droc G., Dum E., Dumitrescu A., Duncan L., Dzurňáková P., Eberl S., Edwards J., Edwards M., Ekelund K., Ekengren P., Elghouty E., Ellerkmann R., Ellis H., Elme A., Ernst T., Errando C. L., Estenes S., Ewaldsson C., Farid N., Featherstone J., Febres D., Fedorov S., Feggeler J., Feijten P., Fellmann T., Fernandez Candil, Fernandez Castineira, Fernández Castineira, J. Fernando, A. Ferrando, C. Ferreira, L. Ferreira, P. Feyling, A. Filipescu, D. Fleischer, A. Floris, L. Foerster, U. Fox, B. Franke, U. Frasca, D. Frey, C. Frost, V. Fullin, G. Fumagalli, J. Furneval, J. Fusari, M. Gallacher, S. Galushka, S. Gambale, G. Gambino, I. Garcia-Perez, M. L. Garg, S. Garlak, J. Gavranovic, Z. Gavrilov, R. Gaynor, Gecaj Gashi, A. Georghiou, M. Gerjevic, B. Gferer, G. Giarratano, A. Gibson, A. Gievski, V. Giles, J. Gillberg, L. Gilowska, Gilsanz Rodriguez, F. Gioia, A. Giovannoni, C. Girotra, V. Gkinas, D. Gkiokas, G. Godoroja, D. Goebel, U. Goel, V. Gonzalez, M. Goranovic, T. Gornik-Wlaszczuk, E. Gosavi, S. Gottfridsson, P. Gottschalk, A. Granell, M. Granstrom, A. Grassetto, A. Greenwood, A. Grigoras, I. Grintescu, I. Gritsan, A. Gritsan, G. Grynyuk, A. Guadagnin, G. M. Guarnieri, M. Güçlü, Guerrero Diez, M. Gunenc, F. Günther, U. Gupta, P. Guttenthaler, V. Hack, Y. Hafisayena, A. Hagau, N. Haldar, J. Hales, D. Hancı, V. Hanna-Jumma, S. Harazim, H. Harlet, P. Harper, D. Harris, B. Harvey, O. Hashimi, M. Hawkins, L. Hayes, C. Heaton, J. Heier, T. Helliwell, L. Hemmes, S. Henderson, K. Hermanides, J. Hermanns, Herrera Hueso, B. Hestenes, S. Hettiarachchi, R. Highgate, J. Hodgson, K. Hoelbling, D. Holland, J. Horhota, L. Hormis, A. Hribar, R. Hua, A. Humphreys, S. Humphries, R. Humpliková, S. Hunt, J. Husnain, A. Hussein, A. Hyams, B. Iannuccelli, F. Ilette, K. Ilyas, C. Inan, T. India, I. Ionițăv, V. Irwin, F. Jain, V. Janez, B. Jankovic, R. Jenkins, S. Jenko, M. Jimenez, Jiménez Gomez, B. Joachim, S. Joelsson-Alm, E. John, J. Jonikaite, L. Jovic, M. Jungwirth, B. Junke, E. Kabakov, B. Kadaoui, S. -D., Kanski A., Karadag S., Karbonskiene A., Karjagin J., Kasnik D., Katanolli F., Katsika E., Kaufmann K., Keane H., Kelly M., Kent M., Keraitiene G., Khudhur A., Khuenl-Brady K., Kidd L., King S., Kirchgäßner K., Klancir T., Klucniks A., Knotzer J., Knowlden P., Koers L., Kompan J., Koneti K. K., Kooij F., Koolen E., Koopman - van Gemert, A. W. M. M. Kopp, K. Korfiotis, D. Korolkov, O. Kosinová, M. Köstenberger, M. Kotzinger, O. Kovačević, M. Kranke, P. Kranke, E. Kraus, C. Kraus, S. Kubitzek, C. Kucharski, R. Kucukguclu, S. Kudrashou, A. Kumar, V. Kummen, L. Kunit, C. Kushakovsky, V. Kuvaki, B. Kuzmanovska, B. Kyttari, A. Landoni, G. Lau, G. Lazarev, K. Legett, S. Legrottaglie, A. M. Leonardi, S. Leong, M. Lercher, H. Leuvrey, M. Leva, B. Levstek, M. Limb, J. Lindholm, E. Linton, F. Liperi, C. Lipski, F. Lirk, P. Lisi, A. Lišková, Lluch Oltra, A. Loganathan, V. Lombardi, S. Lopez, Lopez Rodríguez, M. Lorenzini, L. Lowicka, M. Lugovoy, A. Luippold, M. Lumb, A. Macas, A. Macgregor, M. Machado, H. Maciariello, M. Madeira, I. Maitan, S. Majewski, J. Maldini, B. Malewski, G. Manfredini, L. Männer, O. Marchand, B. Marcu, A. Margalef, J. Margarson, M. Marinheiro, L. Markic, Markovic Bozic, J. Marrazzo, F. Martin, Martin Ayuso, M. Martinez, E. Martino, E. A. Martinson, V. Marusic-Gaser, K. Mascarenhas, C. Mathis, C. Matsota, P. Mavrommati, Mazul Sunko, B. McCourt, K. McGill, N. McKee, R. Meço, B. C. Meier, S. Melbourne, S. Melbybråthen, G. Meli, A. Melia, A. Melotti, R. M. Menga, M. R. Mercer, P. Merotra, S. Mescolini, S. Metterlein, T. Michalov, M. Michlig, S. Midgley, S. Milić, M. Milojevic, M. Miñana, A. Minto, G. Mirabella, L. Mirea, L. Mittelstädt, L. Moeglen, A. Moise, A. Mokini, Z. Molin, A. Moltó, L. Monea, M. C. Montalto, F. Montgomery, J. Montgomery, C. Montillo, G. Moore, S. Moore, F. Moreira, Z. Moreno, T. Moreno, R. Moret, E. Moreton, S. Morgan, Moro Velasco, C. Morri, D. Moull, A. Moura, F. Mráz, P. Mrozek, K. Mukhtar, K. Muniyappa, S. Murray, H. Murthy, B. V. Mushambi, M. Nadolski, M. Nardelli, P. Nardin, Navarro Pérez, R. Naveiro, A. Negri, Nesek Adam, V. Neskovic, V. Neuwersch, S. Neves, M. Nguyen, Ní Eochagáin, A. Nicholas, C. Nightingale, J. Norrie, K. Novak-Jankovic, V. Novakova, A. Novillo, M. Numan, S. Oduro-Dominah, L. Oldner, A. Oliveira, I. Ologoiu, D. Oloktsidou, I. O'Reilly, R. Orlando, A. Ovezov, A. Ozbilgin, S. Paal, Padin Barreiro, L. Palugniok, R. Papaioannou, A. Papapostolou, K. Paranthaman, Pardey Bracho, G. Parente, S. Parfeni, A. Pasin, L. Passey, S. Pastor, E. Patch, S. Patil, A. Paunescu, M. -A., Pehboeck D., Pereira M., Pereira C., Perez Caballero, Pérez García, Pérez Soto, Perez Tejero, G. Perez-Cerda, F. Pesenti, A. Petta, R. Philippe, S. Pickering, Pico Veloso, J. Pina, P. Pinho-Oliveira, V. Pinol, S. Pinto, R. Pistidda, L. Pitterle, M. Piwowarczyk, P. Plotnikova, O. Pohl, H. Poldermann, J. Polkovicová, L. Pompei, L. Popescu, M. Popović, Pota V, Potocnik M., Potręć B., Potter A., Pramod N., Prchalova M., Preckel B., Pugh R., Pulletz M., Radoeshki A., Rafi A., Ragazzi R., Raineri Santi, M. Rajamanickam, T. Rajput, Z. Ramachandran, R. Ramasamy, R. Ramessur, S. Rao, R. Rasmussen, A. Rato, A. Razaque, Real Navacerrada, M. I. Reavley, C. Reid, J. Reschreiter, H. Rial, Ribas Carrasco, P. Ribeiro, S. Rich, N. Richardson, L. Rimaitis, K. Rimaitis, M. Ringvold, E. -M., Ripke F., Ristescu I., Ritchie K., Ródenas F., Rodrigues P., Rogers E., Rogerson D., Romagnoli S., Romero E., Rondovic G., Rose B. O., Roth W., Rotter, M. -T., Rousseau G., Rudjord A., Rueffert H., Rundgren M., Rupprecht K., Rushton A., Russotto V., Rypulak E., Ryszka M., Sà J., Sà Couto, P. Saby, S. Sagic, J. Saleh, O. Sales, Sánchez Sánchez, Y. Sanghera, Şanli Karip, Santiveri Papiol, F. J. Santos, S. Sarno, S. Saul, D. Saunders, D. Savic, N. Scalco, L. Scanlon, D. Schaller, S. Schax, C. Scheffer, G. J. Schening, A. Schiavone, V. Schmidt-Ehrenberg, F. Schmidt-Mutter, C. Schönberg, C. Schopflin, C. Schreiber, J. -U., Schultz M., Schurig M., Scott C., Sebestian S., Sehgal S., Sem V., Semenas E., Serafini E., Serchan P., Shields M., Shobha R., Shosholcheva M., Siamansour T., Siddaiah N., Siddiqi K., Sinclair R., Singh P., Singh R., Sinha A., Skinner A., Smee E., Smekalova O., Smith N., Smith T., Smitz C., Smole D., Sojčić N., Soler Pedrola, M. Somanath, S. Sonksen, J. Sorella, M. C. Sörmus, A. Soro, M. Soto, C. Spada, A. Spadaro, S. Spaeth, J. Sparr, H. Spielmann, A. Spindler-Vesel, A. Stamelos, Stancombe L, L. Stanculescu, A. Standl, T. Standley, T. Stanek, O. Stanisavljević, S. Starczewska, M. Stäuble, C. Steen, J. Stefan, O. M. Stell, E. Stera, C. Stevens, M. Stoerckel, M. Stošić, B. Stourac, P. Stroumpoulis, K. Struck, Suarez de la Rica, A. Sultanpori, Sundara Rajan, R. Suying, O. Svensen, C. Swan, L. Syrogianni, P. Sysiak, J. Szederjesi, J. Taddei, Tan Hao, E. Tanou, V. Tarabová, Tardaguila Sancho, P. Tarroso, M. Tartaglione, M. Taylor, E. Tbaily, L. Telford, R. Terenzoni, M. Theodoraki, K. Thornley, H. Tiganiuc, L. Toim, H. Tomescu, D. Tommasino, C. Toni, J. Toninelli, A. Toretti, I. Townley, S. Trepenaitis, D. Trethowan, B. Tsaousi, G. Tsiftsi, A. Tudor, A. Turan, G. Turhan, S. Ç. Unic-Stojanovic, D. Unterbuchner, C. Unzueta, C. Uranjek, J. Ursic, T. Vaida, Valldeperas Ferrer, Valldeperas Hernandez, M. I. Valsamidis, Van Beek, Van dasselaer, Van Der Beek, Van Duivenvoorde, van Klei, W. A., Van Poorter, Van Zaane, Van Zundert, Van Zyl, Vargas Munoz, A. M. Varsani, N. Vasconcelos, P. Vassilakis, G. Vecchiatini, T. Vecera, L. Vercauteren, M. Verdouw, B. Verheyen, V. Verri, Vicari Sottosanti, L. G. Vico, Vidal Mitjans, P. Vilardi, A. Vissicchio, D. Vitale, G. Vitković, B. Vizcaychipi, M. P. Voicu, A. Voje, M. Volfová, I. Volta, C. A., Von Lutterotti, von Tiesenhausen, A. Vrecic-Slabe, S. Vukcevic, D. Vukovic, R. Vullo, P. A. Wade, A. Wallberg, H. Wallden, J. Wallner, Walther Sturesson, L. Watson, D. Weber, Wegiel Leskiewiq, A. Weller, D. Wensing, C. Werkmann, M. Westberg, H. Wikström, E. Williams, B. Wilson, R. Wirth, S. Wittmann, M. Wood, L. Wright, S. Zachoval, C. Zambon, M. Zampieri, S. Zampone, S. Zangrillo, A. Zani, G. Zavackiene, A. Zieglerder, R. Zonneveldt, H. Zsisku, L. Zucker, T. -P., Żukowski M., Zuleika M., Zupanĕiĕ D., Kirmeier, E. a., Eriksson, L. I. c., Lewald, H. a., Jonsson, Fagerlund, Hoeft, M. c., Hollmann, A. f., Meistelman, M. g., Hunter, C. e., Ulm, J. M. d., Blobner, K. b., M., aEmail Author, Abad, Gurumeta, A., Abernethy, C., Abigail, P., Achaibar, K., Adam, E., Afshari, Agudelo, Montoya, M. E., Akgün, F. N., Aletti, G., Alkış, N., Allan, K., Allan, A., Allaouchiche, B., Allcock, C., Almasy, E., Amey, I., Amigoni, M., Andersen, E., Andersson, P., Anipchenko, N., Antune, P., Armstrong, E., Aslam, T. N., Aslin, B., Assunção, J. P., Ausserer, J., Avvai, M., Awad, Ayas, Montero, B., Ayuso, M., Azevedo, P., Badarau, V., Badescu, Baiardo, Redaelli, M., Baird, C., Baird, Y., Baker, T., Balaji, P., Bălan, C., Balandin, A., Balescu-Arion, C., Baliuliene, Baltasar, Isabel, J., Baluch, S. N., Bandrabur, D., Bankewitz, C., Barber, K., Barbera, F., Barcraft-Barne, H., Barletti, V., Barnett, G., Baron, K., Barro, A., Barsan, V., Bartlett, P., Batistaki, C., Baumgarten, G., Bayta, V., Beauchamp, Becerra, Cayetano, I. A., Bell, S., Bellandi, M., Belletti, Belmonte, Cuenca, J., Benitez-Cano, A., Beretta, L., Berger, M., Bergmann, N., Bergmark, Bermudez, Lopez, M., Bernotaite, M., Beursken, C., Bidd, H., Bifulco, F., Bignami, E., Bilic, A., Bilskiene, D., Bischoff, P., Bishop, L., Bjonne, T., Blaylock, H., Blethyn, K., Blincoe, T., Blokhin, I., Blunt, N., Boer, C., Boi, G., Bonicolini, E., Booth, J., Borecka-Kedzierska, M., Borstnar, K., Bory, M., Boselli, E., Bouvet, L., Bouwman, A., Bowen, L., Bowrey, S., Boxall, L., Božić, T., Bradley, T., Branco, T., Brazzi, L., Brazzoni, M., Brear, T., Brogly, N., Brohi, F., Brom, J., Bubliauska, A., Bucolo, G. E., Buerkle, H., Buggy, D., Buhre, W., Bukauska, T., Butturini, F., Byttner, Cabrera, Díaz, I., Calderon, A., Calhau, R., Callejo, A., Cammu, G., Campesato, M., Can, Ö. S., Candeia, M., Cantor, A., Carise, E., Carmona, C., Carreteiro, J., Carrieri, C., Carter, A., Casal, M., Casanova, I., Cascella, M., Casero, L. M., Casiraghi, G. M., Castelo-Branco, Castro, Arranz, C., Cernea, D. D., Cervante, J., Chandler, B., Charnock, R., Chatzimicali, A., Chinery, E., Chishti, A., Chondhury, P., Christie, E., Christodoudile, G., Ciardo, S., Cimpeanu, L., Cindea, I., Cinnella, G., Clark, S., Clayton, M., Cocu, S., Collyer, T., Colvin, C., Cope, S., Copeta, F., Copotoiu, S., -M., Correia de, Barro, F., Corso, R. M., Cortegiani, A., Costa, G., Cowton, A., Cox, N., Craig, J., Cricca, V., Cronin, J., Cunha, M., Cuomo, A., Curley, K., Czuczwar, M., Dabrowska, D., Damster, Danguy des, Désert, M., Daniliuc, A., Danninger, T., Darwish, I., Dascalu, C., Davie, K., Davie, De, Boer, De, Flavii, De, Selincourt, G., Deana, C., Debaene, B., Debreceni, G., Dedhia, Delgado, Garcia, Della, Rocca, G., Delroy-Buelle, L., Desai, T., Dhillon, Di, Giacinto, Di, Mauro, Diaz, Gomez, T. V., Dimitrovski, A., Dinic, V., Dîrzu, D., -S., Divander, M. B., Dolinar, J., Domingues, S., Doolan, J., Downes, C., Dragoescu, N. A., Droc, G., Dum, E., Dumitrescu, A., Duncan, L., Dzurňáková, P., Eberl, S., Edwards, J., Edwards, M., Ekelund, K., Ekengren, P., Elghouty, E., Ellerkmann, R., Ellis, H., Elme, A., Ernst, T., Errando, C. L., Estenes, S., Ewaldsson, C., Farid, N., Featherstone, J., Febres, D., Fedorov, S., Feggeler, J., Feijten, P., Fellmann, T., Fernandez, Candil, Fernandez, Castineira, Fernández, Castineira, J., Fernando, A., Ferrando, C., Ferreira, L., Ferreira, P., Feyling, A., Filipescu, D., Fleischer, A., Flori, L., Foerster, U., Fox, B., Franke, U., Frasca, D., Frey, C., Frost, V., Fullin, G., Fumagalli, J., Furneval, J., Fusari, M., Gallacher, S., Galushka, S., Gambale, G., Gambino, I., Garcia-Perez, M. 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M., Leonardi, S., Leong, M., Lercher, H., Leuvrey, M., Leva, B., Levstek, M., Limb, J., Lindholm, E., Linton, F., Liperi, C., Lipski, F., Lirk, P., Lisi, A., Lišková, Lluch, Oltra, A., Loganathan, V., Lombardi, S., Lopez, Lopez, Rodríguez, M., Lorenzini, L., Lowicka, M., Lugovoy, A., Luippold, M., Lumb, A., Maca, A., Macgregor, M., Machado, H., Maciariello, M., Madeira, I., Maitan, S., Majewski, J., Maldini, B., Malewski, G., Manfredini, L., Männer, O., Marchand, B., Marcu, A., Margalef, J., Margarson, M., Marinheiro, L., Markic, Markovic, Bozic, J., Marrazzo, F., Martin, Martin, Ayuso, M., Martinez, E., Martino, E. A., Martinson, V., Marusic-Gaser, K., Mascarenha, C., Mathi, C., Matsota, P., Mavrommati, Mazul, Sunko, B., Mccourt, K., Mcgill, N., Mckee, R., Meço, B. C., Meier, S., Melbourne, S., Melbybråthen, G., Meli, A., Melia, A., Melotti, R. M., Menga, M. 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Suzana, Parfeni, Alexandru, Pasin, Laura, Passey, Samuel, Pastor, Ernesto, Patch, Sarah, Patil, Andan, Paunescu, Marilena-Alina, Pehboeck, Daniel, Pereira, Manuela, Pereira, Carla, Perez Caballero, Paula, Pérez García, Aníbal, Pérez Soto, Antonia, Perez Tejero, Gisela, Perez-Cerda, Francisco, Pesenti, Antonio, Petta, Rocco, Philippe, Simon, Pickering, David, Pico Veloso, Jandro, Pina, Pedro, Pinho-Oliveira, Vítor, Pinol, Santiago, Pinto, Rita, Pistidda, Laura, Pitterle, Manuela, Piwowarczyk, Paweł, Plotnikova, Olga, Pohl, Holger, Poldermann, Jorinde, Polkovicová, Lucia, Pompei, Livia, Popescu, Mihai, Popović, Radmila, Pota, Vincenzo, Potocnik, Miriam, Potręć, Beata, Potter, Alison, Pramod, Nalwaya, Prchalova, Martina, Preckel, Benedikt, Pugh, Richard, Pulletz, Mark, Radoeshki, Aleksandar, Rafi, Amir, Ragazzi, Riccardo, Raineri Santi, Maurizio, Rajamanickam, Tamiselvan, Rajput, Zahra, Ramachandran, Rajeskar, Ramasamy, Radhika, Ramessur, Suneil, Rao, Roshan, Rasmussen, Ander, Rato, André, Razaque, Usman, Real Navacerrada, M. Isabel, Reavley, Caroline, Reid, Jame, Reschreiter, Henrik, Rial, Erick, Ribas Carrasco, Patricia, Ribeiro, Sandy, Rich, Nathalie, Richardson, Lydia, Rimaitis, Kestuti, Rimaitis, Mariu, Ringvold, Else-Marie, Ripke, Fabian, Ristescu, Irina, Ritchie, Keith, Ródenas, Frederic, Rodrigues, Patrícia, Rogers, Emma, Rogerson, David, Romagnoli, Stefano, Romero, Esther, Rondovic, Goran, Rose, Bernd Oliver, Roth, Winfried, Rotter, Marie-Therese, Rousseau, Guy, Rudjord, Ander, Rueffert, Henrik, Rundgren, Malin, Rupprecht, Korbinian, Rushton, Andrew, Russotto, Vincenzo, Rypulak, Elżbieta, Ryszka, Maciej, Sà, Jacinta, Sà Couto, Paula, Saby, Sandrine, Sagic, Jelena, Saleh, Omar, Sales, Gabriele, Sánchez Sánchez, Yván, Sanghera, Sumayer, Şanli Karip, Ceren, Santiveri Papiol, Francisco Javier, Santos, Sofia, Sarno, Stephen, Saul, Daniel, Saunders, David, Savic, Nenad, Scalco, Loïc, Scanlon, Deborah, Schaller, Stefan, Schax, Christoph, Scheffer, Gert Jan, Schening, Anna, Schiavone, Vincenzo, Schmidt-Ehrenberg, Florian, Schmidt-Mutter, Catherine, Schönberg, Christina, Schopflin, Christian, Schreiber, Jan-Uwe, Schultz, Marcu, Schurig, Marlen, Scott, Carmen, Sebestian, Siby, Sehgal, Selena, Sem, Victoria, Semenas, Egidiju, Serafini, Elena, Serchan, Pashalitsa, Shields, Martin, Shobha, Ramakrishnan, Shosholcheva, Mirjana, Siamansour, Tanja, Siddaiah, Narendra, Siddiqi, Khalid, Sinclair, Rhona, Singh, Permendra, Singh, Rajendra, Sinha, Aneeta, Sinha, Ashok, Skinner, Amanda, Smee, Elizabeth, Smekalova, Olga, Smith, Neil, Smith, Thoma, Smitz, Carine, Smole, Daniel, Sojčić, Nataša, Soler Pedrola, Maria, Somanath, Sameer, Sonksen, Julian, Sorella, Maria Christina, Sörmus, Alar, Soro, Marina, Soto, Carmen, Spada, Anna, Spadaro, Savino, Spaeth, Johanne, Sparr, Harald, Spielmann, Annika, Spindler-Vesel, Alenka, Stamelos, Matthaio, Stancombe L, Liucia, Stanculescu, Andreea, Standl, Thoma, Standley, Tom, Stanek, Ondrej, Stanisavljević, Snežana, Starczewska, Malgorzata, Stäuble, Christiane, Steen, Julie, Stefan, Oana Maria, Stell, Elizabeth, Stera, Caterina, Stevens, Marku, Stoerckel, Marlène, Stošić, Biljana, Stourac, Petr, Stroumpoulis, Konstantino, Struck, Rafael, Suarez de la Rica, Alejandro, Sultanpori, Altaf, Sundara Rajan, Rajinikanth, Suying, Ong, Svensen, Christer, Swan, Louise, Syrogianni, Paulina, Sysiak, Justyna, Szederjesi, Jano, Taddei, Stefania, Tan Hao, Ern, Tanou, Virginia, Tarabová, Katarina, Tardaguila Sancho, Paula, Tarroso, Maria, Tartaglione, Marco, Taylor, Emma, Tbaily, Lee, Telford, Richard, Terenzoni, Massimo, Theodoraki, Kassiani, Thornley, Helen, Tiganiuc, Liviu, Toim, Hardo, Tomescu, Dana, Tommasino, Concezione, Toni, Jessica, Toninelli, Arturo, Toretti, Ilaria, Townley, Stephen, Trepenaitis, Dariu, Trethowan, Brian, Tsaousi, Georgia, Tsiftsi, Aikaterini, Tudor, Adrada, Turan, Güldem, Turhan, Sanem Çakar, Unic-Stojanovic, Dragana, Unterbuchner, Christoph, Unzueta, Carmen, Uranjek, Jasna, Ursic, Tomaz, Vaida, Simona, Valldeperas Ferrer, Silvia, Valldeperas Hernandez, Maria Inmaculada, Valsamidis, Dimitri, Van Beek, Rienk, Van dasselaer, Nick, Van Der Beek, Tim, Van Duivenvoorde, Yoni, van Klei, Wilton A., Van Poorter, Fran, Van Zaane, Ba, Van Zundert, Tom, Van Zyl, Rebekka, Vargas Munoz, Ana Milena, Varsani, Nimu, Vasconcelos, Pedro, Vassilakis, Georgio, Vecchiatini, Tommaso, Vecera, Lubomir, Vercauteren, Marcel, Verdouw, Ba, Verheyen, Veerle, Verri, Marco, Vicari Sottosanti, Luigi Giancarlo, Vico, Manuel, Vidal Mitjans, Patricia, Vilardi, Anna, Vissicchio, Daniela, Vitale, Giovanni, Vitković, Bibiana, Vizcaychipi, Marcela Paola, Voicu, Alexandra, Voje, Minca, Volfová, Ivana, Volta, Carlo Alberto, Von Lutterotti, Theresa, von Tiesenhausen, Anna, Vrecic-Slabe, Simona, Vukcevic, Dejan, Vukovic, Rade, Vullo, P. Agostina, Wade, Andrew, Wallberg, Hanna, Wallden, Jakob, Wallner, Johann, Walther Sturesson, Louise, Watson, Davina, Weber, Stefan, Wegiel Leskiewiq, Anna, Weller, Debbie, Wensing, Carine, Werkmann, Marku, Westberg, Henrik, Wikström, Erik, Williams, Benedict, Wilson, Robin, Wirth, Steffen, Wittmann, Maria, Wood, Laura, Wright, Stella, Zachoval, Christian, Zambon, Massimo, Zampieri, Silvia, Zampone, Salvatore, Zangrillo, Alberto, Zani, Gianluca, Zavackiene, Asta, Zieglerder, Raphael, Zonneveldt, Harry, Zsisku, Lajo, Zucker, Tom-Philipp, Żukowski, Maciej, Zuleika, Mehrun, and Zupanĕiĕ, Darja
Subjects: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, pulmonary complications, muscle relaxants, Post-anaesthesia complications, Neuromuscular Blockade, pulmonary complication, muscle relaxant, neuromuscular block, postoperative pulmonary complication, business.industry, Retrospective cohort study, post-operative pulmonary complications, Neuromuscular monitoring, Neuromuscular Blocking Agents, Sugammadex, NO, Anaesthesia, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, 030228 respiratory system, Anesthesia, Medicine, General anaesthesia, Neuromuscular Agents, 030212 general & internal medicine, MED/41 - ANESTESIOLOGIA, Prospective cohort study, business, medicine.drug
Abstract: Background: Results from retrospective studies suggest that use of neuromuscular blocking agents during general anaesthesia might be linked to postoperative pulmonary complications. We therefore aimed to assess whether the use of neuromuscular blocking agents is associated with postoperative pulmonary complications. Methods: We did a multicentre, prospective observational cohort study. Patients were recruited from 211 hospitals in 28 European countries. We included patients (aged ≥18 years) who received general anaesthesia for any in-hospital procedure except cardiac surgery. Patient characteristics, surgical and anaesthetic details, and chart review at discharge were prospectively collected over 2 weeks. Additionally, each patient underwent postoperative physical examination within 3 days of surgery to check for adverse pulmonary events. The study outcome was the incidence of postoperative pulmonary complications from the end of surgery up to postoperative day 28. Logistic regression analyses were adjusted for surgical factors and patients' preoperative physical status, providing adjusted odds ratios (ORadj) and adjusted absolute risk reduction (ARRadj). This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT01865513. Findings: Between June 16, 2014, and April 29, 2015, data from 22 803 patients were collected. The use of neuromuscular blocking agents was associated with an increased incidence of postoperative pulmonary complications in patients who had undergone general anaesthesia (1658 [7·6%] of 21 694); ORadj 1·86, 95% CI 1·53–2·26; ARRadj −4·4%, 95% CI −5·5 to −3·2). Only 2·3% of high-risk surgical patients and those with adverse respiratory profiles were anaesthetised without neuromuscular blocking agents. The use of neuromuscular monitoring (ORadj 1·31, 95% CI 1·15–1·49; ARRadj −2·6%, 95% CI −3·9 to −1·4) and the administration of reversal agents (1·23, 1·07–1·41; −1·9%, −3·2 to −0·7) were not associated with a decreased risk of postoperative pulmonary complications. Neither the choice of sugammadex instead of neostigmine for reversal (ORadj 1·03, 95% CI 0·85–1·25; ARRadj −0·3%, 95% CI −2·4 to 1·5) nor extubation at a train-of-four ratio of 0·9 or more (1·03, 0·82–1·31; −0·4%, −3·5 to 2·2) was associated with better pulmonary outcomes. Interpretation: We showed that the use of neuromuscular blocking drugs in general anaesthesia is associated with an increased risk of postoperative pulmonary complications. Anaesthetists must balance the potential benefits of neuromuscular blockade against the increased risk of postoperative pulmonary complications. Funding: European Society of Anaesthesiology.
Published: 2019
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5. High-dimensional profiling reveals phenotypic heterogeneity and disease-specific alterations of granulocytes in COVID-19

Author: Lourda, Magda, Dzidic, Majda, Hertwig, Laura, Bergsten, Helena, Palma Medina, Laura M., Sinha, Indranil, Kvedaraite, Egle, Chen, Puran, Muvva, Jagadeeswara R., Gorin, Jean-Baptiste, Cornillet, Martin, Emgård, Johanna, Moll, Kirsten, García, Marina, Maleki, Kimia T., Klingström, Jonas, Michaëlsson, Jakob, Flodström-Tullberg, Malin, Brighenti, Susanna, Buggert, Marcus, Mjösberg, Jenny, Malmberg, Karl-Johan, Sandberg, Johan K., Henter, Jan-Inge, Folkesson, Elin, Gredmark-Russ, Sara, Sönnerborg, Anders, Eriksson, Lars I., Rooyackers, Olav, Aleman, Soo, Strålin, Kristoffer, Ljunggren, Hans-Gustaf, Björkström, Niklas K., Svensson, Mattias, Ponzetta, Andrea, Norrby-Teglund, Anna, and Chambers, Benedict J.
Subjects: Organ Dysfunction Scores, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, Biological Sciences, viral immune responses, Models, Biological, Severity of Illness Index, high-dimensional flow cytometry, Immunity, Innate, Immunophenotyping, Leukocyte Count, Immunology and Inflammation, eosinophil and basophil activation, neutrophil heterogeneity, Humans, Lung, Granulocytes
Abstract: Significance Accumulating evidence shows that granulocytes are key modulators of the immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection, and their dysregulation could significantly impact COVID-19 severity and patient recovery after virus clearance. In the present study, we identify selected immune traits in neutrophil, eosinophil, and basophil subsets associated with severity of COVID-19 and with peripheral protein profiles. Moreover, computational modeling indicates that the combined use of phenotypic data and laboratory measurements can effectively predict key clinical outcomes in COVID-19 patients. Finally, patient-matched longitudinal analysis shows phenotypic normalization of granulocyte subsets 4 mo after hospitalization. Overall, in this work, we extend the current understanding of the distinct contribution of granulocyte subsets to COVID-19 pathogenesis., Since the outset of the COVID-19 pandemic, increasing evidence suggests that the innate immune responses play an important role in the disease development. A dysregulated inflammatory state has been proposed as a key driver of clinical complications in COVID-19, with a potential detrimental role of granulocytes. However, a comprehensive phenotypic description of circulating granulocytes in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)−infected patients is lacking. In this study, we used high-dimensional flow cytometry for granulocyte immunophenotyping in peripheral blood collected from COVID-19 patients during acute and convalescent phases. Severe COVID-19 was associated with increased levels of both mature and immature neutrophils, and decreased counts of eosinophils and basophils. Distinct immunotypes were evident in COVID-19 patients, with altered expression of several receptors involved in activation, adhesion, and migration of granulocytes (e.g., CD62L, CD11a/b, CD69, CD63, CXCR4). Paired sampling revealed recovery and phenotypic restoration of the granulocytic signature in the convalescent phase. The identified granulocyte immunotypes correlated with distinct sets of soluble inflammatory markers, supporting pathophysiologic relevance. Furthermore, clinical features, including multiorgan dysfunction and respiratory function, could be predicted using combined laboratory measurements and immunophenotyping. This study provides a comprehensive granulocyte characterization in COVID-19 and reveals specific immunotypes with potential predictive value for key clinical features associated with COVID-19.
Published: 2021

6. Solar wind current sheets and deHoffmann-Teller analysis: First results of DC electric field measurements by Solar Orbiter

Author: Steinvall, K., Khotyaintsev, Yu. V., Cozzani, G., Vaivads, A., Yordanova, E., Eriksson, A. I., Edberg, N. J. T., Maksimovic, M., Bale, S. D., Chust, T., Krasnoselskikh, V., Kretzschmar, M., Lorf��vre, E., Plettemeier, D., Sou��ek, J., Steller, M., ��tver��k, ��., Vecchio, A., Horbury, T. S., O'Brien, H., Evans, V., Fedorov, A., Louarn, P., G��not, V., Andr��, N., Lavraud, B., Rouillard, A. P., and Owen, C. J.
Subjects: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph), Physics - Space Physics, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Physics::Space Physics, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Space Physics (physics.space-ph), Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR), Physics - Plasma Physics
Abstract: Solar Orbiter was launched on February 10, 2020 with the purpose of investigating solar and heliospheric physics using a payload of instruments designed for both remote and in-situ sensing. Similar to the recently launched Parker Solar Probe, and unlike earlier missions, Solar Orbiter carries instruments designed to measure the low frequency DC electric fields. In this paper we assess the quality of the low-frequency DC electric field measured by the Radio and Plasma Waves instrument (RPW) on Solar Orbiter. In particular we investigate the possibility of using Solar Orbiter's DC electric and magnetic field data to estimate the solar wind speed. We use deHoffmann-Teller (HT) analysis based on measurements of the electric and magnetic fields to find the velocity of solar wind current sheets which minimizes a single component of the electric field. By comparing the HT velocity to proton velocity measured by the Proton and Alpha particle Sensor (PAS) we develop a simple model for the effective antenna length, $L_\text{eff}$ of the E-field probes. We then use the HT method to estimate the speed of the solar wind. Using the HT method, we find that the observed variations in $E_y$ are often in excellent agreement with the variations in the magnetic field. The magnitude of $E_y$, however, is uncertain due to the fact that the $L_\text{eff}$ depends on the plasma environment. We derive an empirical model relating $L_\text{eff}$ to the Debye length, which we can use to improve the estimate of $E_y$ and consequently the estimated solar wind speed. The low frequency electric field provided by RPW is of high quality. Using deHoffmann-Teller analysis, Solar Orbiter's magnetic and electric field measurements can be used to estimate the solar wind speed when plasma data is unavailable., 7 pages, 4 figures
Published: 2021

7. Major alterations in the mononuclear phagocyte landscape associated with COVID-19 severity

Author: Kvedaraite, Egle, Hertwig, Laura, Sinha, Indranil, Ponzetta, Andrea, Hed Myrberg, Ida, Lourda, Magda, Dzidic, Majda, Akber, Mira, Klingström, Jonas, Folkesson, Elin, Muvva, Jagadeeswara Rao, Chen, Puran, Gredmark-Russ, Sara, Brighenti, Susanna, Norrby-Teglund, Anna, Eriksson, Lars I., Rooyackers, Olav, Aleman, Soo, Strålin, Kristoffer, Ljunggren, Hans-Gustaf, Ginhoux, Florent, Björkström, Niklas K., Henter, Jan-Inge, and Svensson, Mattias
Subjects: Adult, Male, Sweden, Multidisciplinary, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, Dendritic Cells, Biological Sciences, Middle Aged, Severity of Illness Index, Monocytes, DCs, Immunology and Inflammation, pre-DCs, Cytokines, Humans, Female, Interferons, Mononuclear Phagocyte System
Abstract: Significance While broad efforts toward getting an overview of immune cell and soluble factor alterations in COVID-19 are under way, a deep and comprehensive understanding of the mononuclear phagocyte system, including circulating progenitors, is still largely lacking. This study provides a reference for the mononuclear phagocyte response to SARS-CoV-2 infection and unravels mononuclear phagocyte dysregulations associated with severe COVID-19., Dendritic cells (DCs) and monocytes are crucial mediators of innate and adaptive immune responses during viral infection, but misdirected responses by these cells may contribute to immunopathology. Here, we performed high-dimensional flow cytometry-analysis focusing on mononuclear phagocyte (MNP) lineages in SARS-CoV-2–infected patients with moderate and severe COVID-19. We provide a deep and comprehensive map of the MNP landscape in COVID-19. A redistribution of monocyte subsets toward intermediate monocytes and a general decrease in circulating DCs was observed in response to infection. Severe disease coincided with the appearance of monocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cell-like cells and a higher frequency of pre-DC2. Furthermore, phenotypic alterations in MNPs, and their late precursors, were cell-lineage–specific and associated either with the general response against SARS-CoV-2 or COVID-19 severity. This included an interferon-imprint in DC1s observed in all patients and a decreased expression of the coinhibitory molecule CD200R in pre-DCs, DC2s, and DC3 subsets of severely sick patients. Finally, unsupervised analysis revealed that the MNP profile, alone, pointed to a cluster of COVID-19 nonsurvivors. This study provides a reference for the MNP response to SARS-CoV-2 infection and unravels mononuclear phagocyte dysregulations associated with severe COVID-19.
Published: 2021
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8. A Case for a Small to Negligible Influence of Dust Charging on the Ionization Balance in the Coma of Comet 67P

Author: Vigren, E., Eriksson, A. I., Johansson, F. L., Marschall, Raphael, Morooka, M., and Rubin, M.
Subjects: Physics, Number density, 530 Physics, 520 Astronomy, Comet, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Coma (optics), Electron, Astrophysics, 620 Engineering, Spacecraft charging, Degree of ionization, Geophysics, Astronomi, astrofysik och kosmologi, Space and Planetary Science, Ionization, Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous), Astronomy, Astrophysics and Cosmology, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Line (formation)
Abstract: A recent work aided by Rosetta in situ measurements set constraints on the dust-to-gas mass emission ratio and the size distribution of dust escaping the nucleus of comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko near perihelion. Here we use this information along with other observables/parameters as input into an analytical model aimed at estimating the number density of electrons attached to dust particles near the position of Rosetta. These theoretical estimates are compared to in situ measurements of the degree of ionization. The comparison proposes that Rosetta, while near perihelion, was typically not in electron-depleted regions of the inner coma of 67P. Our work suggests a typical level of electron depletion probably below 10% and possibly below 1%. In line with previous studies, we find, again with certain assumptions and other observables/parameters as input, that the observed negative spacecraft charging to a few tens of volts does not significantly impact the detection of charged dust grains, with a possible exception for grains with radii less than ∼10 nm.
Published: 2021
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9. Nocturnal Blood Pressure Is Associated With Cerebral Small-Vessel Disease in Type 1 Diabetes

Author: FinnDiane Study Grp, Eriksson, Marika I., Gordin, Daniel, Shams, Sara, Forsblom, Carol, Summanen, Paula, Liebkind, Ron, Tatlisumak, Turgut, Putaala, Jukka, Groop, Per-Henrik, Martola, Juha, Thorn, Lena M., HUS Abdominal Center, Nefrologian yksikkö, CAMM - Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Research Programs Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Clinicum, Department of Medicine, Helsinki University Hospital Area, HUS Head and Neck Center, Department of Ophthalmology and Otorhinolaryngology, HUS Neurocenter, Neurologian yksikkö, Department of Neurosciences, Per Henrik Groop / Principal Investigator, HUS Medical Imaging Center, Department of Diagnostics and Therapeutics, and Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care
Subjects: 3121 General medicine, internal medicine and other clinical medicine, education
Abstract: Non
Published: 2020

10. Intravenous drug delivery systems

Author: Struys, Michel, Absalom, Anthony R, Shafer, Steven L., Gropper, Michael A., Eriksson, Lars I., Fleisher, Lee A., Wiener-Kronish, Jeanine P., Cohen, Neal H., Leslie, Kate, and Critical care, Anesthesiology, Peri-operative and Emergency medicine (CAPE)
Abstract: Purpose. The Third Consensus Conference on the Safety of Intravenous Drug Delivery Systems was convened to evaluate the benefits and risks of available systems and assess ongoing threats to the safety of intravenous drug delivery. Summary. The Third Consensus Conference on the Safety of Intravenous Drug Delivery Systems convened in Chicago, Illinois in November 2018. An expert panel of healthcare providers with experience in medication quality and safety, pharmacy and nursing operations, information technology, and/or sterile compounding led the conference. An experienced audience of approximately 30 healthcare leaders provided feedback to the panel via preconference survey and during the conference. Additionally, expert speakers presented on a range of issues, including the effects of drug shortages, the impact of standards and guidelines, and patient and administrator perspectives on the importance of intravenous drug delivery safety. Conclusion. At the end of the conference, the expert panel concluded that manufacturer ready-to-use products remain the safest intravenous drug delivery system due to their many benefits and low overall risk profile. The panel identified various ongoing threats to the safety of intravenous drug delivery, with major concerns including the impact of drug shortages and lack of intravenous product standardization. Finally, the panel agreed upon a series of statements designed to advance the safety of intravenous drug delivery in healthcare institutions.
Published: 2020

11. DC/LF electric field and spacecraft potential measurements in the solar wind by RPW/BIAS on Solar Orbiter

Author: Khotyaintsev, Y. V., Vaivads, A., Graham, D., Edberg, N. J. T., Johansson, E. P. G., Eriksson, A. I., Maksimovic, M., Bale, S. D., Chust, T., Krasnoselskikh, V., Kretzschmar, Matthieu, Lorfevre, E., Plettemeier, D., Soucek, J., Steller, M., Štverák,, Travnicek, P., Vecchio, A., Horbury, T. S., O'Brien, H., Angelini, V., Evans, V., Owen, C. J., Louarn, P., Fedorov, A., and POTHIER, Nathalie
Subjects: ASTROPHYSICS, [SDU] Sciences of the Universe [physics], General or miscellaneous, Instruments and techniques, ASTRONOMY, SOLAR PHYSICS
Abstract: The BIAS subsystem is a part of the Radio and Plasma Waves (RPW) instrument on the ESA Solar Orbiter mission. It allows sending bias current to each of the three RPW antennas. By setting the appropriate bias current the antenna potential can be shifted closer to the local plasma potential. This allows us to measure the floating potential of the spacecraft, as well as the electric field in the DC/LF frequency range with higher accuracy and lower noise level. Here we present the first results on RPW/BIAS in-flight performance based on the operations during the instrument commissioning and first months of science operations.
Published: 2020

12. Characterization of a two-electron temperature plasma in the ionosphere of the comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko with the mutual impedance experiment (RPC-MIP) of Rosetta

Author: Gilet, N., Pierre Henri, Wattieaux, G., Traoré, N., Eriksson, A. I., Xavier Vallières, Moré, J., Randriamboarison, O., Odelstad, E., Johansson, F. L., Rubin, M., and POTHIER, Nathalie
Subjects: [SDU] Sciences of the Universe [physics], Atmospheres, Ionospheres, PLANETARY SCIENCES: SOLID SURFACE PLANETS, PLANETARY SCIENCES: COMETS AND SMALL BODIES, Interactions with solar wind plasma and fields
Abstract: The Mutual Impedance Probe (MIP) of the Rosetta Plasma Consortium (RPC) onboard the Rosetta orbiter operated from August 2014 to September 2016 to measure the electron density in the cometary ionosphere of 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko. Recent models of the mutual impedance experiment have shown that in a two-electron temperature plasma, such an instrument is able to separate the two electron populations and retrieve their properties. Indeed, when the colder electron population dominates the plasma, a double-resonance shapes the acquired mutual impedance spectra that enables to characterize the presence of a mix of a cold and a warm electron population in the surrounded plasma. We have investigated the mutual impedance spectra dataset of the RPC-MIP instrument in order to characterize the presence of a mix of cold and warm electron population during the whole Rosetta cometary operation. Furthermore, through a fitting method between acquired and synthetic mutual impedance spectra taking into account the plasma sheath around the spacecraft and the instrument, it is possible to retrieve the density and the temperature of both electron population. Focusing on cometary cold electrons, we show that their properties depend on the neutral outgassing activity around the nucleus. We also show that the cold electrons are mainly observed outside the electron-neutral collision-dominated region (exobase), where electrons are expected to have cooled down, indicating that the cold electrons have been transported. Finally, RPC-MIP measured cold electrons far from the perihelion where the neutral outgassing activity is lower, in regions where electron-neutral were not expected to occur, suggesting that the collisional electron cooling is more efficient than previously expected.
Published: 2019

13. Study of Plasma Waves Observed onboard Rosetta in the 67P/ChuryumovGerasimenko Comet Environment Using High Time Resolution Density Data Inferred from RPC-MIP and RPC-LAP Cross-calibration

Author: Breuillard, H., Pierre Henri, Xavier Vallières, Eriksson, A. I., Odelstad, E., Johansson, F. L., Richter, I., Goetz, C., Wattieaux, G., Tsurutani, B., Hajra, R., Le Contel, O., Laboratoire de Physique des Plasmas (LPP), Université Paris-Saclay-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-École polytechnique (X)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l'Environnement et de l'Espace (LPC2E), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Swedish Institute of Space Physics [Uppsala] (IRF), Technische Universität Braunschweig = Technical University of Braunschweig [Braunschweig], Plasmas Réactifs Hors Equilibre (LAPLACE-PRHE), LAboratoire PLasma et Conversion d'Energie (LAPLACE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), and California Institute of Technology (CALTECH)-NASA
Subjects: [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-PLASM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Plasma Physics [physics.plasm-ph], Physics::Space Physics, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract: International audience; During two years, the groundbreaking ESA/Rosetta mission was able to escort comet 67P where previous cometary missions were only limited to flybys. This enabled for the first time to make in-situ measurements of the evolution of a comet's plasma environment. The density and temperature measured by Rosetta are derived from RPC-Mutual Impedance Probe (MIP) and RPC-Langmuir Probe (LAP). On one hand, low time resolution electron density are calculated using the plasma frequency extracted from the MIP mutual impedance spectra. On the other hand, high time resolution density fluctuations are estimated from the spacecraft potential measured by LAP. In this study, using a simple spacecraft charging model, we perform a cross-calibration of MIP plasma density and LAP spacecraft potential variations to obtain high time resolution measurements of the electron density. These results are also used to constrain the electron temperature. Then we make use of these new dataset, together with RPC-MAG magnetic field measurements, to investigate for the first time the compressibility and the correlations between plasma and magnetic field variations, for both singing comet waves and steepened waves observed, respectively during low and high cometary outgassing activity, in the plasma environment of comet 67P.
Published: 2017

14. Cold and warm electrons at comet 67P

Author: Eriksson, A. I., Engelhardt, I. A. D., Andre, M., Bostrom, R., Edberg, N. J. T., Johansson, F. L., Odelstad, E., Vigren, E., Wahlund, J. -E., Henri, P., Lebreton, J. -P., Miloch, W. J., Paulsson, J. J. P., Wedlund, C. Simon, Yang, L., Karlsson, T., Jarvinen, R., Broiles, T., Mandt, K., Carr, C. M., Galand, M., Nilsson, H., Norberg, C., Swedish Institute of Space Physics [Uppsala] (IRF), Alfven Laboratory, Royal Institute of Technology [Stockholm] (KTH ), Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l'Environnement et de l'Espace (LPC2E), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Institute of Theoretical Astrophysics [Oslo], University of Oslo (UiO), School of Electrical Engineering [Aalto], Aalto University, Swedish Institute of Space Physics [Kiruna] (IRF), Space Science Division [San Antonio], Southwest Research Institute [San Antonio] (SwRI), Department of Physics [Imperial College London], and Imperial College London
Subjects: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP), inner coma, [SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Physics - Space Physics, plasma measurements, FOS: Physical sciences, comet plasma, Space Physics (physics.space-ph), Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract: International audience; Context. Strong electron cooling on the neutral gas in cometary comae has been predicted for a long time, but actual measurements of low electron temperature are scarce. Aims. Our aim is to demonstrate the existence of cold electrons in the inner coma of comet 67P and show filamentation of this plasma.Methods. In situ measurements of plasma density, electron temperature and spacecraft potential were carried out by the Rosetta Langmuir probe instrument, LAP. We also performed analytical modelling of the expanding two-temperature electron gas.Results. LAP data acquired within a few hundred km from the nucleus are dominated by a warm component with electron temperature typically 5–10 eV at all heliocentric distances covered (1.25 to 3.83 AU). A cold component, with temperature no higher than about 0.1 eV, appears in the data as short (few to few tens of seconds) pulses of high probe current, indicating local enhancement of plasma density as well as a decrease in electron temperature. These pulses first appeared around 3 AU and were seen for longer periods close to perihelion. The general pattern of pulse appearance follows that of neutral gas and plasma density. We have not identified any periods with only cold electrons present. The electron flux to Rosetta was always dominated by higher energies, driving the spacecraft potential to order −10 V. Conclusions. The warm (5–10 eV) electron population observed throughout the mission is interpreted as electrons retaining the energy they obtained when released in the ionisation process. The sometimes observed cold populations with electron temperatures below 0.1 eV verify collisional cooling in the coma. The cold electrons were only observed together with the warm population. The general appearance of the cold population appears to be consistent with a Haser-like model, implicitly supporting also the coupling of ions to the neutral gas. The expanding cold plasma is unstable, forming filaments that we observe as pulses.
Published: 2017
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15. Review of comet 67P/CG ionosphere and its interaction with the solar wind after Rosetta

Author: Pierre Henri, Burch, J. L., Carr, C., Eriksson, A. I., Glassmeier, K. H., Nilsson, H., and POTHIER, Nathalie
Subjects: [SDU] Sciences of the Universe [physics], Atmospheres, Ionospheres, PLANETARY SCIENCES: SOLID SURFACE PLANETS
Abstract: During more than two years, the ESA's Rosetta orbiter has escorted comet 67P/CG, until a final descent down to the comet nucleus in September 2016. This was the first long term in situ survey of the expanding ionosphere of a comet (sometimes referred as an induced magnetosphere) and its interaction with the solar wind. Rosetta has escorted comet 67P/CG at heliocentric distances ranging from 1.2 to 3.8 au, and at various distances from the comet nucleus itself (from 1500 km down to the comet nucleus surface). This has enabled (i) to monitor the close cometary ionised environment associated to large variations of cometary outgassing activity and (ii) to witness the transition between different plasma regimes: from magnetised to unmagnetised, from collisional to collisionless. In this context, I will review the results obtained so far on the ionosphere of comet 67P/CG, based on in situ observations from the different instruments of the Rosetta Plasma Consortium (RPC). In particular, RPC observations have reported the building of a cometary ionosphere, through different ionisation processes, and shown its large scale structure. In the inner cometary ionosphere, the interaction between the ionospheric plasma and the neutral gas has been inferred. In the outer cometary ionosphere, the interaction of the cometary ionosphere with the surrounding magnetised solar wind (induced magnetosphere) has been observed to expel, first, the solar wind ions, and second, the interplanetary magnetic field, therefore building different cometary plasma boundaries and transition regions witnessed by Rosetta. Far from showing a steady-state situation, RPC observations have witnessed during most of the mission a very dynamical, inhomogeneous cometary ionosphere, often embedded in the solar wind, where available free energy is the source for various waves and instabilities to develop. On top of that, the RPC has reported the effects of transient, energetic solar wind (e.g. CIRs and CMEs) or cometary (e.g. outbursts) events on the cometary ionosphere. Finally, I will briefly review the needs in term of cometary plasma modelling to answer some open questions risen after two years of in situ Rosetta measurements of comet 67P/CG ionosphere.
Published: 2017

16. Anesthetic neurotoxicity meets big data : Reasons to Be Cheerful?

Author: Kalkman, Cor J. and Eriksson, Lars I.
Subjects: Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Journal Article
Published: 2016

17. The Rosetta mission: Clues on the origin of comet nuclei

Author: Davidsson, Bjorn, Stern, S. Alan, Kofman, Wlodek, Hilchenbach, Martin, Rotundi, Alessandra, Bentley, Mark, Hofstadter, Mark, Sierks, Holger, Altwegg, Kathrin, Nilsson, Hans, Burch, James L., Eriksson, Anders I., Glassmeier, Karl heinz, Henri, Pierre, Carr, Christopher M., Pätzold, Martin, Capaccioni, Fabrizio, Boehnhardt, Hermann, Bibring, Jean pierre, Fulle, Marco, Fulchignoni, Marcello, Gruen, Eberhard, Weissman, Paul R., Taylor, Matt, Buratti, Bonnie J., Choukroun, Mathieu, Altobelli, Nicolas, Snodgrass, Colin, and Rosetta Science Working Team
Published: 2016

18. Small is different: RPC observations of a small scale comet interacting with the solar wind

Author: Hans Nilsson, Burch, James L., Carr, Christopher M., Eriksson, Anders I., Karl-Heinz Glassmeier, Pierre Henri, and POTHIER, Nathalie
Subjects: [SDU] Sciences of the Universe [physics]
Abstract: Rosetta followed comet 67P from low activity at more than 3 AU heliocentric distance to peak activity at perihelion and then out again. We study the evolution of the dynamic plasma environment using data from the Rosetta Plasma Consortium (RPC). Observations of cometary plasma began in August 2014, at a distance of 100 km from the comet nucleus and at 3.6 AU from the Sun. As the comet approached the Sun, outgassing from the comet increased, as did the density of the cometary plasma. Measurements showed a highly heterogeneous cold ion environment, permeated by the solar wind. The solar wind was deflected due to the mass loading from newly added cometary plasma, with no discernible slowing down. The magnetic field magnitude increased significantly above the background level, and strong low frequency waves were observed in the magnetic field, a.k.a. the "singing comet". Electron temperatures were high, leading to a frequently strongly negative spacecraft potential. In mid to late April 2015 the solar wind started to disappear from the observation region. This was associated with a solar wind deflection reaching nearly 180°, indicating that mass loading became efficient enough to form a solar wind-free region. Accelerated water ions, moving mainly in the anti-sunward direction, kept being observed also after the solar wind disappearance. Plasma boundaries began to form and a collisionopause was tentatively identified in the ion and electron data. At the time around perihelion, a diamagnetic cavity was also observed, at a surprisingly large distance from the comet. In late 2016 the solar wind re-appeared at the location of Rosetta, allowing for studies of asymmetry of the comet ion environment with respect to perihelion. A nightside excursion allowed us to get a glimpse of the electrodynamics of the innermost part of the plasma tail. Most of these phenomena are dependent on the small-scale physics of comet 67P, since for most of the Rosetta mission the solar wind - comet atmosphere interaction region is smaller than the pickup ion gyroradius in the undisturbed solar wind.
Published: 2016

19. Suprathermal electrons near the nucleus of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko at 3 AU: Model comparisons with Rosetta data

Author: Madanian, H., Goldstein, R., Clark, G., Cravens, T. E., Rubin, Martin, Burch, J., Reedy, N. L., Eriksson, A. I., Edberg, N. J. T., Rahmati, A., Henri, P., Mandt, K., and Broiles, T.
Subjects: 530 Physics, 520 Astronomy, Physics::Space Physics, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, 620 Engineering
Abstract: Observations of the coma near the nucleus of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko (67P) made by the IES (Ion and Electron Sensor) instrument onboard the Rosetta Orbiter during late 2014 showed that electron fluxes greatly exceeded solar wind electron fluxes. The IES is part of the Rosetta Plasma Consortium. This paper reports on electron energy spectra measured by IES near the nucleus as well as approximate densities and average energies for the suprathermal electrons when the comet was at a heliocentric distance of about 3 AU. Comparisons are made with electron densities measured by other instruments. The high electron densities observed (e.g., ne ≈ 10–100 cm−3) must be associated with the cometary ion density enhancement created mainly by the photoionization of cometary gas by solar radiation; there are other processes that also contribute. Quasineutrality requires that the electron and ion densities be the same, and under certain conditions an ambipolar electric field is required to achieve quasi-neutrality. We present the results of a test particle model of cometary ion pickup by the solar wind and a two-stream electron transport code and use these results to interpret the IES data. We also estimate the effects on the electron spectrum of a compression of the electron fluid parcel. The electrons detected by IES can have energies as high as about 100–200 eV near the comet on some occasions, in which case the hot electrons can significantly enhance ionization rates of neutrals via impact ionization.
Published: 2016
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20. First MMS Observations of High Time Resolution 3D Electric and Magnetic fields at the Dayside Magnetopause

Author: Torbert, R. B., Burch, J. L., Russell, C. T., Magnes, W., Ergun, R. E., Lindqvist, P. A., Le Contel, Olivier, Vaith, H., Macri, J., Myers, S., Rau, D., Needell, J., King, B., Granoff, M., Chutter, M., Dors, I., Argall, M. R., Shuster, J. R., Olsson, G., Marklund, G. T., Khotyaintsev, Y. V., Eriksson, A. I., Kletzing, C., Bounds, S. R., Anderson, B. J., Baumjohann, W., Steller, M., Bromund, K. R., Le, G., Nakamura, R., Strangeway, R. J., Leinweber, H. K., Tucker, S., Westfall, J., Fischer, D., Plaschke, F., Pollock, C. J., Giles, B. L., Moore, T. E., Mauk, B., Fuselier, S. A., Royal Institute of Technology [Stockholm] (KTH ), Laboratoire de Physique des Plasmas (LPP), Université Paris-Saclay-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-École polytechnique (X)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), University of New Hampshire (UNH), Swedish Institute of Space Physics [Uppsala] (IRF), Department of Physics and Astronomy [Iowa City], University of Iowa [Iowa City], Space Research Institute of Austrian Academy of Sciences (IWF), Austrian Academy of Sciences (OeAW), and University of Colorado [Boulder]
Subjects: [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-PLASM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Plasma Physics [physics.plasm-ph], Physics::Space Physics, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract: International audience; The electrodynamics at the magnetopause is key to our understanding of ion and electron acceleration within reconnection regions. The Magnetospheric Multiscale (MMS) fleet of four spacecraft was launched into its Phase-1 equatorial orbit of 12 Re apogee specifically to investigate these regions at the Earth's magnetopause. In addition to a comprehensive suite of particle measurements, MMS makes very high time resolution 3D electric and magnetic field measurements of high accuracy using flux-gate, search coil, 3-axis double probe, and electron drift sensors. In September 2015, the MMS fleet will begin to encounter the dusk-side magnetopause in its initial configuration of approximately 160 km separation, allowing investigation of the spatial and temporal characteristics of important electrodynamics during reconnection. Using these field and particle measurements, we present first observations of 3D magnetic and electric fields (including their parallel component), and inferred current sheets, during active magnetopause crossings using the highest time resolution data available on MMS.
Published: 2015

21. Charging of a conductive spacecraft in the auroral zone

Author: Eriksson, A. I. and Wahlund, J. E.
Subjects: spacecraft charging, geostationary orbit, internal charging, 宇宙機帯電, 低高度地球周回軌道, low Earth orbit, 太陽活動, aerospace environment, オーロラ帯, Freja宇宙機, 航空宇宙環境, Freja spacecraft, 地球電離層, 内部帯電, Earth ionosphere, 静止軌道, auroral zone, solar activity
Abstract: We present event studies and results of a statistical investigation on charging events seen by the Freja satellite in the auroral zone at 1,500-1,700 km altitude. Charging up to kilovolts is sometimes observed, though lower values are more normal. Comparing to DMSP at 840 km, Freja experiences fewer charging events, but some of them are found in sunlit conditions, which has not been seen on DMSP. No charging event occurred for a density above 2,000 cu cm, though correlation between density and charging otherwise was weak. All charging events show enhanced electron fluxes around or above 10 keV, including enhanced tails up to 100 keV, while electrons around 1 keV instead counteracts charging, as is expected from high secondary yields in this energy range. Simulations using POLAR reproduced moderate charging events, but not the events with kilovolt charging., 資料番号: AA0049206093, レポート番号: JAXA-SP-05-001E
Published: 2005

22. Cold magnetospheric plasma flows and spacecraft wakes: PicUp3D simulations and Cluster data

Author: Engwall, E. and Eriksson, A. I.
Subjects: Cluster衛星, 地球磁気圏, supersonic ion flow, プラズマ流, 静電位, 宇宙機後流, electric field, 数値シミュレーション, space plasma, electrostatic potential, Physics::Plasma Physics, 電場, numerical simulation, Physics::Space Physics, plasma flow, spacecraft wake, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, 超音速イオン流, Cluster satellite, 宇宙プラズマ, Earth magnetosphere
Abstract: Behind a spacecraft in a supersonic ion flow, a negatively charged wake will form. In a sufficiently tenuous plasma, where the potential of a sunlit spacecraft becomes positive, the size of the ion wake can become very much larger than what may be expected from the spacecraft geometrical size. This occurs if the energy of the flowing ions is less than what is needed to overcome the positive spacecraft potential. As the ion flow must be supersonic, this means that the plasma flow has to be quite cold. It turns out that such conditions are quite common in the terrestrial magnetosphere, particularly in the polar wind region. The polar wind cold plasma flow at geocentric distances outside 10 Earth radii can have ion flow kinetic energy around 10 eV, ion temperature of a few eV and be so tenuous that the potential of a spacecraft reaches above 20 V. This plasma is rarely measured on scientific spacecraft, as the ions cannot reach an ion detector mounted on the highly positive spacecraft. Consequently, there are only a few studies of its properties and distribution. However, the cold ion density can be estimated by comparing the number of ions actually detected on the spacecraft with independent density estimates, for example spacecraft potential measurements or wave signatures. Another effect of the negatively charged wake is its impact on electric field measurements on the spacecraft, which shows a clear signature of the wake electrostatic potential. While this is a contamination to the measurement of the natural electric field, it is also potentially useful to derive flow properties like velocity and temperature. In order to understand the problems and exploit the possibilities of this effect, we have analyzed data from the Cluster double probe instrument EFW and used the PicUp3D code to perform PIC simulations. This study has given new information on the properties of the wake, as well as the photoemission from the electric field probes., 資料番号: AA0049206089, レポート番号: JAXA-SP-05-001E
Published: 2005

23. Cluster Inner Magnetosphere Campaign: Multispacecraft Observations of Equatorial Magnetosonic Waves

Author: Walker, S. N., Balikhin, M. A., Yearby, K. H., Canu, Patrick, Pickett, J. S., Christopher, I., Eriksson, A. I., Santolík, O., Fazakerley, A., Dandouras, I. S., Pokhotelov, O. A., Escoubet, C. Philippe, Carr, C. M., University of Sheffield [Sheffield], Laboratoire de Physique des Plasmas (LPP), Université Paris-Saclay-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-École polytechnique (X)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Swedish Institute of Space Physics [Uppsala] (IRF), European Space Research and Technology Centre (ESTEC), and European Space Agency (ESA)
Subjects: [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-PLASM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Plasma Physics [physics.plasm-ph], Physics::Space Physics, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract: International audience; The main target of the Cluster inner magnetosphere campaign (July-October 2013) is to identify linear and nonlinear processes that affect EMIC, equatorial magnetosonic and chorus waves. The present study examines equatorial magnetosonic waves that are regularly observed under the arch of the plasmasphere, due to the formation of a natural waveguide like structure. These waves are usually observed in the frequency range from a few tens to hundreds of Hz. The spectrum exhibits a banded structure whose spacing is of the order of the ion gyrofrequency in the source region. This fine structure results in complications for the identification of the wave dispersion using data from multispacecraft separated by distances of around 10-100 km. It is shown how this complication can be resolved. The resulting dispersion of the observed waves is presented and compared with analytical solutions.
Published: 2013

24. Enrichment and Separation of Phosphorylated Peptides on Titanium Dioxide Surfaces : Applied and Fundamental Studies

Author: Eriksson, Anna I. K.
Subjects: Mass spectrometry, Posttranslational modification, Adsorption, QCM-D, Phosphorylation, MALDI
Abstract: Protein phosphorylation is a very common posttranslational modification (PTM), which lately has been found to hold the keyrole in the development of many severe diseases, including cancer. Thereby, phosphoprotein analysis tools, generally based on specific enrichment of the phosphoryl group, have been a hot topic during the last decade. In this thesis, two new TiO2-based on-target enrichment methods are developed and presented together with enlightening fundamental results. Evaluation of the developed methods was performed by the analysis of: custom peptides, β-casein, drinking milk, and the viral protein pIIIa. The results show that: i) by optimizing the enrichment protocol (first method), new phosphorylated peptides can be found and ii) by the addition of a separation step after the enrichment (second method), more multi-phosphorylated peptides, which usually are hard to find, could be detected. The fundamental part, on the other hand, shows that the phosphopeptide adsorption is caused by electrostatic interactions, in general follows the Langmuir model, and the affinity increases with the phosphorylation degree. Here, however, the complexity of the system was also discovered, as the adsorption mechanism was found to be affected by the amino acid sequence of the phosphopeptide.
Published: 2013

25. The human carotid body transcriptome with focus on oxygen sensing and inflammation – a comparative analysis

Author: Mkrtchian, Souren, Kåhlin, Jessica, Ebberyd, Anette, Gonzalez, Constancio, Sanchez, Diego, Balbir, Alexander, Kostuk, Eric W, Shirahata, Machiko, Fagerlund, Malin Jonsson, and Eriksson, Lars I
Subjects: Adult, Inflammation, Male, Carotid Body, Potassium Channels, Protein Array Analysis, Middle Aged, Neuroscience: Cellular/Molecular, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Oxygen, Mice, Gene Expression Regulation, Animals, Humans, Female, Transcriptome, Aged, Signal Transduction
Abstract: The carotid body (CB) is the key oxygen sensing organ. While the expression of CB specific genes is relatively well studied in animals, corresponding data for the human CB are missing. In this study we used five surgically removed human CBs to characterize the CB transcriptome with microarray and PCR analyses, and compared the results with mice data. In silico approaches demonstrated a unique gene expression profile of the human and mouse CB transcriptomes and an unexpected upregulation of both human and mouse CB genes involved in the inflammatory response compared to brain and adrenal gland data. Human CBs express most of the genes previously proposed to be involved in oxygen sensing and signalling based on animal studies, including NOX2, AMPK, CSE and oxygen sensitive K+ channels. In the TASK subfamily of K+ channels, TASK-1 is expressed in human CBs, while TASK-3 and TASK-5 are absent, although we demonstrated both TASK-1 and TASK-3 in one of the mouse reference strains. Maxi-K was expressed exclusively as the spliced variant ZERO in the human CB. In summary, the human CB transcriptome shares important features with the mouse CB, but also differs significantly in the expression of a number of CB chemosensory genes. This study provides key information for future functional investigations on the human carotid body.
Published: 2012

26. Oral, direct Factor Xa inhibition with BAY 59-7939 for the prevention of venous thromboembolism after total hip replacement

Author: Eriksson, B. I., Borris, L., Dahl, O. E., Haas, S., Huisman, M. V., Kakkar, A. K., Misselwitz, F., Kalebo, P., Breyer, H. -G., Bounameaux, H., Leizorovicz, A., Angeras, U., Falk, A., Prins, M., Zachrisson, B., Eriksson, H., Sandgren, G., Wallin, J., Engel, A., Hochreiter, J., Niessner, H., Driesen, R., Horlyck, E., Jorgensen, P. S., Lassen, M., Delecroix, M., Hayek, E., Le Pelley, E., Birkner, W., Fritsche, H. -M., Gunther, K. -P., Halder, A., Kleinfeld, F., Kurth, A., Mouret, P., Brenner, B., Dekel, S., Halperin, N., Martinovich, U., Ageno, W., Fraschini, G., Lodigiani, C., Parise, P., Silingardi, M., Slappendel, R., van der Vis, H., Verburg, A., Aarseth, O., Hovick, O., Hovind, H., Bednarek, A., Blancha, J., Kwiatkowski, K., Mazurkiewicz, S., Niedzwiedski, T., Skowronski, J., Castellet, E., Gomar, F., Granero, X., Peidro, L., Edshage, B., Lind, S., Wykman, A., and Cohen, A.
Subjects: Male, medicine.drug_mechanism_of_action, medicine.medical_treatment, Deep vein, Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip, Knee replacement, law.invention, Postoperative Complications, Randomized controlled trial, Rivaroxaban, law, Aged, 80 and over, Venous Thrombosis, medicine.diagnostic_test, Total hip replacement, Hematology, Middle Aged, Thrombosis, Pulmonary embolism, Direct Factor Xa inhibitor, medicine.anatomical_structure, Anesthesia, Female, Venous thromboembolism, medicine.drug, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Morpholines, Factor Xa Inhibitor, Venography, Hemorrhage, Thiophenes, Oral anticoagulant, Prophylaxis, Double-Blind Method, Thromboembolism, medicine, Humans, Enoxaparin, Aged, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, business.industry, Anticoagulants, medicine.disease, Surgery, business, Pulmonary Embolism, Factor Xa Inhibitors
Abstract: Summary. Background: Joint replacement surgery is an appropriate model for dose-ranging studies investigating new anticoagulants. Objectives: To assess the efficacy and safety of a novel, oral, direct factor Xa (FXa) inhibitor – BAY 59-7939 – relative to enoxaparin in patients undergoing elective total hip replacement. Methods: In this double-blind, double-dummy, dose-ranging study, patients were randomized to oral BAY 59-7939 (2.5, 5, 10, 20, or 30 mg b.i.d.), starting 6–8 h after surgery, or s.c. enoxaparin 40 mg once daily, starting on the evening before surgery. Treatment was continued until mandatory bilateral venography was performed 5–9 days after surgery. Results: Of 706 patients treated, 548 were eligible for the primary efficacy analysis. The primary efficacy endpoint was the incidence of any deep vein thrombosis, non-fatal pulmonary embolism, and all-cause mortality; rates were 15%, 14%, 12%, 18%, and 7% for BAY 59-7939 2.5, 5, 10, 20, and 30 mg b.i.d., respectively, compared with 17% for enoxaparin. The primary efficacy analysis did not demonstrate any significant trend in dose–response relationship for BAY 59-7939. The primary safety endpoint was major, postoperative bleeding; there was a significant increase in the frequency of events with increasing doses of BAY 59-7939 (P = 0.045), but no significant differences between individual BAY 59-7939 doses and enoxaparin. Conclusions: When efficacy and safety were considered together, the oral, direct FXa inhibitor BAY 59-7939, at 2.5–10 mg b.i.d., compared favorably with enoxaparin for the prevention of venous thromboembolism in patients undergoing elective total hip replacement.
Published: 2006

27. Gender Differences in Outcome After an Acute Achilles Tendon Rupture

Author: Silbernagel, Karin Gravare, Nilsson-Helander, Katarin, Olsson, Nicklas, Brorsson, Annelie, Eriksson, Bengt I., and Karlsson, Jon
Subjects: Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Article
Abstract: Objectives: There is an indication in the literature that there is a difference in tendon healing between genders. However comparisons in outcome are often not possible due to the small sample size of women with an acute Achilles tendon rupture. In most studies on patients with Achilles tendon rupture the women only account for less then 20% of the patients. The objective of this study was to evaluate if there are any differences in outcome between genders when combining the data from two large randomized controlled trials, which used identical outcome measures. Methods: Patients included in two consecutive randomized controlled trials, comparing surgical and non-surgical treatment, were included in the evaluation. Patients who had a re-rupture were excluded from the analysis. A total of 184 patients (154 males, 30 females) mean (SD) age of 40 (11) years were included. 96 (78 males, 18 females) were treated with surgery and 88 (76 males, 12 females) non-surgically. Patient reported outcome was evaluated with the Achilles tendon Total rupture Score (ATRS) and the functional outcome were measured with a single-leg standing heel-rise test (measurement of muscular endurance and heel-rise height) 6 and 12 months after injury in our research laboratory. Results: For the whole group there were no significant difference between treatments on ATRS at 6 and 12 months. The surgical group was significantly better then the non-surgical group in heel-rise endurance at 6 and 12 months and in heel-rise height recovery at 6 months (pConclusion: Females has a greater degree of deficit in heel-rise height as compared to males irrespective of treatment. Females have more symptoms compared to males after surgery both at 6 and 12 months but this difference is not found when treated non-surgically. Further research is needed to determine if women will benefit more from non-surgical compared to surgical treatment after an Achilles tendon rupture.
Published: 2014
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28. Thromboembolism after total hip replacement : relationship to the fibrinolytic system

Author: Eriksson, Bengt I., 1946
Published: 1991

29. Cold electrons at comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko

Author: Engelhardt, I. A. D., Eriksson, A. I., Vigren, E., Valliéres, X., Rubin, M., Gilet, N., and Henri, P.
Subjects: 13. Climate action, 520 Astronomy, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, 620 Engineering, 7. Clean energy
Abstract: Context. The electron temperature of the plasma is one important aspect of the environment. Electrons created by photoionization or impact ionization of atmospheric gas have energies �10 eV. In an active comet coma, the gas density is high enough for rapid cooling of the electron gas to the neutral gas temperature (a few hundred kelvin). How cooling evolves in less active comets has not been studied before. Aims. We aim to investigate how electron cooling varied as comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko changed its activity by three orders of magnitude during the Rosetta mission. Methods. We used in situ data from the Rosetta plasma and neutral gas sensors. By combining Langmuir probe bias voltage sweeps and mutual impedance probe measurements, we determined at which time cold electrons formed at least 25% of the total electron density. We compared the results to what is expected from simple models of electron cooling, using the observed neutral gas density as input. Results. We demonstrate that the slope of the Langmuir probe sweep can be used as a proxy for the presence of cold electrons. We show statistics of cold electron observations over the two-year mission period. We find cold electrons at lower activity than expected by a simple model based on free radial expansion and continuous loss of electron energy. Cold electrons are seen mainly when the gas density indicates that an exobase may have formed. Conclusions. Collisional cooling of electrons following a radial outward path is not sufficient to explain the observations. We suggest that the ambipolar electric field keeps electrons in the inner coma for a much longer time, giving them time to dissipate energy by collisions with the neutrals. We conclude that better models are required to describe the plasma environment of comets. They need to include at least two populations of electrons and the ambipolar field.

30. Studies on the Interfacial Electric Field and Stark Effect at the TiO2/Dye/Electrolyte Interface

Author: Yang, Wenxing, Hao, Yan, Vlachopoulos, Nick, Eriksson, Anna I. K., and Boschloo, Gerrit
Abstract: Interfaces of dye-sensitized TiO2 nanoparticles with electrolytes or hole conductors have been widely applied in photoelectrochemical cells. However, the fundamental understanding of their properties and function is still poor. Herein, we demonstrate that the spectral changes that occur in the-visible spectrum of dye-sensitized TiO2 films upon (a) Li+ titration, (b) potentiostatic electron accumulation in mesoporous TiO2, and (c) photoinduced electron injection into TiO2 can be explained by the Stark effect, which can then be used to characterize the change in the local electric field at the TiO2/dye/electrolyte interface. A quantitative analysis of the Stark effect indicates that the compact (Helmholtz) layer capacitance at the TiO2/dye/electrolyte interface strongly affects the strength of the local electric field. Systematic studies show that the Helmholtz layer capacitance depends strongly on the Li+ concentration and surface dye coverage but is independent of the concentrations of other electrolytic species and the light intensity. These results illustrate the potential of Stark spectroscopy for the in situ study of the TiO2/dye/electrolyte interfaces and provide substantial new insights into these widely applied interfaces related to photoelectrochemistry and other research fields.

31. Structure and dynamics of the umagnetized plasma around comet 67P/CG

Author: Pierre Henri, Xavier Vallières, Gilet, N., Hajra, R., Moré, J., Goetz, C., Richter, I., Glassmeier, K. H., Galand, M. F., Heritier, K. L., Eriksson, A. I., Nemeth, Z., Tsurutani, B., Rubin, M., Altwegg, K., and POTHIER, Nathalie
Subjects: Surfaces, [SDU] Sciences of the Universe [physics], Ices, Dust, PLANETARY SCIENCES: COMETS AND SMALL BODIES, Plasma and MHD instabilities
Abstract: At distances close enough to the Sun, when comets are characterised by a significant outgassing, the cometary neutral density may become large enough for both the cometary plasma and the cometary gas to be coupled, through ion-neutral and electron-neutral collisions. This coupling enables the formation of an unmagnetised expanding cometary ionosphere around the comet nucleus, also called diamagnetic cavity, within which the solar wind magnetic field cannot penetrate. The instruments of the Rosetta Plasma Consortium (RPC), onboard the Rosetta Orbiter, enable us to better constrain the structure, dynamics and stability of the plasma around comet 67P/CG. Recently, magnetic field measurements (RPC-MAG) have shown the existence of such a diamagnetic region around comet 67P/CG [Götz et al., 2016]. Contrary to a single, large scale, diamagnetic cavity such as what was observed around comet Halley, Rosetta have crossed several diamagnetic structures along its trajectory around comet 67P/CG. Using electron density measurements from the Mutual Impedance Probe (RPC-MIP) during the different diamagnetic cavity crossings, identified by the flux gate magnetometer (RPC-MAG), we map the unmagnetised plasma density around comet 67P/CG. Our aims is to better constrain the structure, dynamics and stability of this inner cometary plasma layer characterised by cold electrons (as witnessed by the Langmuir Probes RPC-LAP). The ionisation ratio in these unmagnetised region(s) is computed from the measured electron (RPC-MIP) and neutral gas (ROSINA/COPS) densities. In order to assess the importance of solar EUV radiation as a source of ionisation, the observed electron density will be compared to a the density expected from an ionospheric model taking into account solar radiation absorption. The crossings of diamagnetic region(s) by Rosetta show that the unmagnetised cometary plasma is particularly homogeneous, compared to the highly dynamical magnetised plasma observed in adjacent magnetised regions. Moreover, during the crossings of multiple, successive diamagnetic region(s) over time scales of tens of minutes or hours, the plasma density is almost identical in the different unmagnetised regions, suggesting that these unmagnetised regions may be a single diamagnetic structure crossed several times by Rosetta.

32. Far-ultraviolet aurora identified at comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko

Author: Galand, M., Feldman, P. D., Bockelée-Morvan, D., Biver, N., Cheng, Y.-C., Rinaldi, G., Rubin, Martin, Altwegg, Kathrin, Deca, J., Beth, A., Stephenson, P., Heritier, K. L., Henri, P., Parker, J. Wm., Carr, C., Eriksson, A. I., and Burch, J.
Subjects: 13. Climate action, 530 Physics, 520 Astronomy, Physics::Space Physics, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, 620 Engineering, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract: Having a nucleus darker than charcoal, comets are usually detected from Earth through the emissions from their coma. The coma is an envelope of gas that forms through the sublimation of ices from the nucleus as the comet gets closer to the Sun. In the far-ultraviolet portion of the spectrum, observations of comae have revealed the presence of atomic hydrogen and oxygen emis- sions. When observed over large spatial scales as seen from Earth, such emissions are dominated by resonance fluorescence pumped by solar radiation. Here, we analyse atomic emissions acquired close to the cometary nucleus by the Rosetta spacecraft and reveal their auroral nature. To identify their origin, we undertake a quantitative multi-instrument analysis of these emis- sions by combining coincident neutral gas, electron and far-ultraviolet observations. We establish that the atomic emissions detected from Rosetta around comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko at large heliocentric distances result from the dissociative excitation of cometary molecules by accelerated solar-wind electrons (and not by electrons produced from photo-ionization of cometary molecules). Like the discrete aurorae at Earth and Mars, this cometary aurora is driven by the interaction of the solar wind with the local environment. We also highlight how the oxygen line O i at wavelength 1,356 Å could be used as a tracer of solar-wind electron variability.

33. Major joint replacement. A model for antithrombotic drug development: from proof-of-concept to clinical use

Author: Dahl, O. E., Borris, L. C., Bergqvist, D., Schnack Rasmussen, M., Eriksson, B. I., Kakkar, A. K., Colwell, C. W., Caprini, J. A., Fletcher, J., Friedman, R. J., Lassen, M. R., Frostick, S. P., Sakon, M., Kwong, L. M., Kakkar, V. V., Amsterdam Movement Sciences, and Orthopedic Surgery and Sports Medicine
Abstract: AIM: Development of antithrombotic compounds has traditionally been performed in patients undergoing total hip and knee replacement surgery. A high number of asymptomatic deep-vein thromboses are radiologically detectable, and bleeding and other adverse events (AE) are easy to observe. However, standardization of study procedures and endpoints in early proof-of-concept studies and late pure clinical endpoint studies has been lacking. This has made comparison between studies difficult, economic analyses speculative and potential benefits of applying the drug regimen in non-selected patients uncertain. In this paper, the International Surgical Thrombosis Forum proposes a strategy for the clinical investigation of new pharmacological agents for the prophylaxis of postoperative thrombotic events. METHODS: First, dose titration safety studies of short duration, in highly selected patients using objective venographic endpoints are recommended. Bleeding should be divided into the quantified volume of surgical bleeding and other adjudicated clinical bleeding events. The number of AE should be described for each dose step and classified according to International Coding of Diagnoses (ICD). Second, a dose confirmatory study of moderate exposure period and sufficient follow-up time is recommended. The exclusion criteria should be restricted to contraindications of the compared drugs and technical procedure. RESULTS: The efficacy, bleeding and AE should be similar to those used in dose-titration studies. In addition, the failure rate of the drug to exert its effect and the net clinical benefit should be calculated. CONCLUSION: Finally, trials with simple clinical endpoints and long follow-up should be conducted to evaluate the potential benefits of the drug-regimen in non-selected populations

34. Diamagnetic region(s): structure of the unmagnetized plasma around Comet 67P/CG

Author: Goetz, C., Galand, M., Nilsson, H., Glassmeier, K.-H., Rubin, Martin, Carr, C., Beth, A., Wattieaux, G., Vallières, X., Henri, P., Vigren, E., Eriksson, A. I., Hajra, R., Nemeth, Z., Richter, I., Burch, J.L., and Tsurutani, B.
Subjects: 13. Climate action, 530 Physics, 520 Astronomy, 620 Engineering
Abstract: The ESA’s comet chaser Rosetta has monitored the evolution of the ionized atmosphere of comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko (67P/CG) and its interaction with the solar wind, during more than 2 yr. Around perihelion, while the cometary outgassing rate was highest, Rosetta crossed hundreds of unmagnetized regions, but did not seem to have crossed a large-scalen diamagnetic cavity as anticipated. Using in situ Rosetta observations, we characterize the structure of the unmagnetized plasma found around comet 67P/CG. Plasma density measurements from RPC-MIP are analysed in the unmagnetized regions identified with RPC-MAG. The plasma observations are discussed in the context of the cometary escaping neutral atmosphere, observed by ROSINA/COPS. The plasma density in the different diamagnetic regions crossed by Rosetta ranges from ~100 to ~1500 cm⁻³. They exhibit a remarkably systematic behaviour that essentially depends on the comet activity and the cometary ionosphere expansion. An effective total ionization frequency is obtained from in situ observations during the high outgassing activity phase of comet 67P/CG. Although several diamagnetic regions have been crossed over a large range of distances to the comet nucleus (from 50 to 400 km) and to the Sun (1.25–2.4 au), in situ observations give strong evidence for a single diamagnetic region, located close to the electron exobase. Moreover, the observations are consistent with an unstable contact surface that can locally extend up to about 10 times the electron exobase.

35. Ion composition at comet 67P near perihelion: Rosetta observations and model-based interpretation

Author: Odelstad, E., Rubin, Martin, Bieler, André, Tzou, Chia-Yu, Gasc, Sébastien, Vigren, E., Biver, N., Altwegg, Kathrin, Calmonte, Ursina Maria, Fougere, N., Hansen, K. C., Fiethe, B., Fuselier, S. A., Hassig, M., Berthelier, J.-J., De Keyser, J., Gombosi, T. I., Balsiger, Hans, Galand, M., Heritier, K. L., Vuitton, V., Eriksson, A. I., Kopp, Ernest, Combi, M. R., and Beth, A.
Subjects: 13. Climate action, 530 Physics, 520 Astronomy, 620 Engineering
Abstract: We present the ion composition in the coma of comet 67P with newly detected ion species over the 28–37 u mass range, probed by Rosetta Orbiter Spectrometer for Ion and Neutral Analysis (ROSINA)/Double Focusing Mass Spectrometer (DFMS). In summer 2015, the nucleus reached its highest outgassing rate and ion-neutral reactions started to take place at low cometocentric distances. Minor neutrals can efficiently capture protons from the ion population, making the protonated version of these neutrals a major ion species. So far, only NH+₄ has been reported at comet 67P. However, there are additional neutral species with proton affinities higher than that of water (besides NH₃) that have been detected in the coma of comet 67P: CH₃OH, HCN, H₂CO and H₂S. Their protonated versions have all been detected. Statistics showing the number of detections with respect to the number of scans are presented. The effect of the negative spacecraft potential probed by the Rosetta Plasma Consortium/LAngmuir Probe on ion detection is assessed. An ionospheric model has been developed to assess the different ion density profiles and compare them to the ROSINA/DFMS measurements. It is also used to interpret the ROSINA/DFMS observations when different ion species have similar masses, and their respective densities are not high enough to disentangle them using the ROSINA/DFMS high-resolution mode. The different ion species that have been reported in the coma of 67P are summarized and compared with the ions detected at comet 1P/Halley during the Giotto mission.

36. Vertical structure of the near-surface expanding ionosphere of comet 67P probed by Rosetta

Author: Carr, C. M., Altwegg, Kathrin, Galand, M., Cupido, E., Vallières, X., Heritier, K. L., Nilsson, H., Rubin, Martin, Behar, E., Beth, A., Broiles, T. W., Johansson, F. L., Vigren, E., Odelstad, E., Burch, J. L., Eriksson, A. I., and Henri, P.
Subjects: 13. Climate action, 530 Physics, 520 Astronomy, Physics::Space Physics, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, 620 Engineering, 7. Clean energy
Abstract: The plasma environment has been measured for the first time near the surface of a comet. This unique data set has been acquired at 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko during ESA/Rosetta spacecraft’s final descent on 2016 September 30. The heliocentric distance was 3.8 au and the comet was weakly outgassing. Electron density was continuously measured with Rosetta Plasma Consortium (RPC)–Mutual Impedance Probe (MIP) and RPC–LAngmuir Probe (LAP) during the descent from a cometocentric distance of 20 km down to the surface. Data set from both instruments have been cross-calibrated for redundancy and accuracy. To analyse this data set, we have developed a model driven by Rosetta Orbiter Spectrometer for Ion and Neutral Analysis–COmetary Pressure Sensor total neutral density. The two ionization sources considered are solar extreme ultraviolet radiation and energetic electrons. The latter are estimated from the RPC–Ion and Electron Sensor (IES) and corrected for the spacecraft potential probed by RPC–LAP. We have compared the results of the model to the electron densities measured by RPC–MIP and RPC–LAP at the location of the spacecraft. We find good agreement between observed and modelled electron densities. The energetic electrons have access to the surface of the nucleus and contribute as the main ionization source. As predicted, the measurements exhibit a peak in the ionospheric density close to the surface. The location and magnitude of the peak are estimated analytically. The measured ionospheric densities cannot be explained with a constant outflow velocity model. The use of a neutral model with an expanding outflow is critical to explain the plasma observations.

37. Physicochemical Characterization of Phosphopeptide/Titanium Dioxide Interactions Employing the Quartz Crystal Microbalance Technique

Author: Eriksson, Anna I. K., Edwards, Katarina, Hagfeldt, Anders, and Hernandez, Victor Agmo
Subjects: titanium dioxide interaction employing quartz crystal microbalance technique, physicochem characterization phosphopeptide
Abstract: The rapidly growing field of phosphoproteomics has led to a strong demand for procedures enabling fast and reliable isolation and enrichment of phosphorylated proteins and peptides. During the past decade, several novel phosphopeptide enrichment methods based on the affinity of phosphoryl groups for titanium dioxide (TiO2) have been developed and tested. The ultimate goal of obtaining comprehensive phosphoproteomes has, however, been found difficult to achieve and the obtained results often vary, dependent on the enrichment method and protocol used. In the present study, the phys. chem. of the phosphopeptide binding to TiO2 is investigated by means of measurements using a quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D). Special emphasis is put on the effect of the degree of phosphorylation of the phosphopeptide, the impact of the primary amino acid structure, and the role of electrostatic interactions. The results show that, in general, adsorption of phosphopeptides follows the Langmuir model and that the affinity for the TiO2 surface increases in a nonlinear fashion with increasing degree of phosphorylation. An exception was detected, however, where pos. cooperativity between the peptides existed and the Langmuir model no longer applied. The source behind the cooperativity could be traced back to the primary amino acid structure and, more specifically, the presence of pos. charged amino acids in positions that enable electrostatic interaction with phosphoryl groups on neighboring peptides. Regardless of the net peptide charge, the TiO2-phosphopeptide interaction was for all phosphopeptides investigated found to be mainly of electrostatic origin. This study highlights and explains some of the most common problems with the TiO2-based enrichment methods used today.

38. Lower hybrid waves at comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko

Author: Norgren, C., Henri, P., Stenberg Wieser, G., Eriksson, A. I., Rubin, Martin, Richter, I., Odelstad, E., André, M., Graham, D. B., Vigren, E., Johansson, F. L., and Karlsson, T.
Subjects: Physics::Plasma Physics, 13. Climate action, 520 Astronomy, Physics::Space Physics, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, 620 Engineering
Abstract: We investigate the generation of waves in the lower hybrid frequency range by density gradients in the near plasma environment of comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko. When the plasma is dominated by water ions from the comet, a situation with magnetized electrons and unmagnetized ions is favourable for the generation of lower hybrid waves. These waves can transfer energy between ions and electrons and reshape the plasma environment of the comet. We consider cometocentric distances out to a few hundred km. We find that when the electron motion is not significantly interrupted by collisions with neutrals, large average gradients within tens of km of the comet, as well as often observed local large density gradients at larger distances, are often likely to be favourable for the generation of lower hybrid waves. Overall, we find that waves in the lower hybrid frequency range are likely to be common in the near plasma environment.

39. Effective ion speeds at ~200–250 km from comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko near perihelion

Author: Edberg, N. J. T., Henri, P., Heritier, K., Stenberg-Wieser, G., Johansson, F. L., Nilsson, H., André, M., Galand, M., Vigren, E., Eriksson, A. I., Tzou, Chia-Yu, Rubin, Martin, Vallières, X., Odelstad, E., Goetz, C., and Engelhardt, I. A. D.
Subjects: 13. Climate action, 530 Physics, 520 Astronomy, 620 Engineering, 7. Clean energy
Abstract: In 2015 August, comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko, the target comet of the ESA Rosetta mission, reached its perihelion at ~1.24 au. Here, we estimate for a three-day period near perihelion, effective ion speeds at distances ~200–250 km from the nucleus. We utilize two different methods combining measurements from the Rosetta Plasma Consortium (RPC)/Mutual Impedance Probe with measurements either from the RPC/Langmuir Probe or from the Rosetta Orbiter Spectrometer for Ion and Neutral Analysis (ROSINA)/Comet Pressure Sensor (COPS) (the latter method can only be applied to estimate the effective ion drift speed). The obtained ion speeds, typically in the range 2–8 km s⁻¹, are markedly higher than the expected neutral outflow velocity of ~1 km s⁻¹. This indicates that the ions were de-coupled from the neutrals before reaching the spacecraft location and that they had undergone acceleration along electric fields, not necessarily limited to acceleration along ambipolar electric fields in the radial direction. For the limited time period studied, we see indications that at increasing distances from the nucleus, the fraction of the ions’ kinetic energy associated with radial drift motion is decreasing.

40. Simulating the Solar Wind Interaction with Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko: Latest Results

Author: Deca, J., Divin, A. V., Pierre Henri, Eriksson, A. I., Markidis, S., Olshevsky, V., Goldstein, R., Myllys, M. E., Horanyi, M., and POTHIER, Nathalie
Subjects: [SDU] Sciences of the Universe [physics], Comets, dust tails, Small Bodies, Composition
Abstract: First observed in 1969, comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko was escorted for almost two years along its 6.45-yr elliptical orbit by ESA's Rosetta orbiter spacecraft. When a comet is sufficiently close to the Sun, the sublimation of ice leads to an outgassing atmosphere and the formation of a coma, and a dust and plasma tail. Comets are critical to decipher the physics of gas release processes in space. The latter result in mass-loaded plasmas, which more than three decades after the Active Magnetospheric Particle Tracer Explorers (AMPTE) space release experiments are still not fully understood. Using a 3D fully kinetic approach, we study the solar wind interaction with comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko, focusing in particular on the ion-electron dynamics for various outgassing rates. A detailed kinetic treatment of the electron dynamics is critical to fully capture the complex physics of mass-loading plasmas and to describe the strongly inhomogeneous plasma dynamics observed by Rosetta, down to electron kinetic scales.

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