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1. Author Correction: Somatic mosaicism and common genetic variation contribute to the risk of very-early-onset inflammatory bowel disease (Nature Communications, (2020), 11, 1, (995), 10.1038/s41467-019-14275-y)

Author

Serra E. G., Schwerd T., Moutsianas L., Cavounidis A., Fachal L., Pandey S., Kammermeier J., Croft N. M., Posovszky C., Rodrigues A., Russell R. K., Barakat F., Auth M. K. H., Heuschkel R., Zilbauer M., Fyderek K., Braegger C., Travis S. P., Satsangi J., Parkes M., Thapar N., Ferry H., Matte J. C., Gilmour K. C., Wedrychowicz A., Sullivan P., Moore C., Sambrook J., Ouwehand W., Roberts D., Danesh J., Baeumler T. A., Fulga T. A., Carrami E. M., Ahmed A., Wilson R., Barrett J. C., Elkadri A., Griffiths A. M., Zurek M., Strisciuglio C., Elawad M., Lo B., Arancibia-Carcamo C., Bailey A., Barnes E., Bird-Lieberman E. L., Brain O., Braden B., Collier J., East J., Howarth L., Keshav S., Klenerman P., Leedham S., Palmer R., Powrie F., Simmons A., Walker M., Tolkien Z., Kaptoge S., Allen D., Mehenny S., Mant J., Di Angelantonio E., Thompson S. G., Yilmaz B., Juillerat P., Geuking M., Wiest R., Macpherson A. J., Bravo F. D., Brugger L., Carstens O., Bigler U. G., Heimgartner B., Rusticeanu M., Schmid-Uebelhart S., Strebel B., Tatu A., Tutuian R., Oyas O., Ramon C., Stelling J., Franc Y., Fournier N., Pittet V. E. H., Burnand B., Egger M., Golay D., Marot A., Musso L., Rossel J. -B., Seematter V., Sommer J., Vulliamy R., Michetti P., Maillard M. H., Keller C., Nydegger A., Schoepfe A., Archanioti E., Ezri J., Fraga M., Schoepfer A., Muller C., Rogler G., Biedermann L., Blattmann M., Burk S., Dora B., Fried M., Misselwitz B., Mullhaupt B., Obialo N., Pohl D., Raschle N., Scharl M., Vavricka S., Von Kanel R., Zeitz J., Abdelrahman K., Ademi G., Borovicka J., Brand S., Frei R., Haarer J., Knellwolf-Grieger C., Krieger-Grubel C., Kunzler P., Meyenberger C., Meyer P., Rohrich N., Sawatzki M., Schelling M., Semadeni G. -M., Sulz M., Zimmermann D., Aepli P., Criblez D. H., Hess C., Richterich J. -P., Spalinger J., Staudenmann D., Stulz A., Wohrle S., Thomas A., Anderegg C., Kohler H., Kusche R., Antonino A. -T., Arrigoni E., Bengoa J. M., Cunningham S., de Saussure P., Girard L., de Jong D. B., Basturk P., Brunner S., Degen L., Hruz P., Bakker C. K. -D., Niess J., Balsiger B., Haldemann J., Saner G., Seibold F., Bauerfeind P., Becocci A., Belli D., Binek J., Hengstler P., Boehm S., Boldanov T., Buhr P., Koller R., Rueger V., Senning A., Burri E., Buyse S., Cao D. -T., D'Angelo F., Delarive J., Doerig C., Hessler R., Preissler C., Rentsch R., Risti B., Ritz M. A., Steuerwald M., Vogtlin J., Sagmeister M., Sauter B., Schibli S., Sokollik C., Schlauri H., Schnegg J. -F., Seirafi M., Spangenberger H., Stadler P., Staub P., Stenz V., Tempia-Caliera M., Thorens J., Truninger K., Urfer P., Viani F., Vouillamoz D., Zander S., Wyli T., Jostins L., Kennedy N. A., Ahmad T., Lamb C. A., Edwards C., Hart A., Hawkey C., Mansfield J. C., Mowat C., Newman W. G., Tremelling M., Lee J. C., Prescott N. J., Mathew C. G., Lees C. W., McGovern D. P. B., Targan S. R., Botwin G., Mengesha E., Fleshner P., Landers C., Li D., Rioux J. D., Bitton A., Cote-Daigneault J., Daly M. J., Xavier R., Morris K., Boucher G., Cho J. H., Abraham C., Merad M., Sands B., Peter I., Hao K., Itan Y., Duerr R. H., Konnikova L., Schwartz M. B., Proksell S., Johnston E., Miladinova V., Chen W., Brant S. R., Datta L., Silverberg M. S., Schumm L. P., Birch S., Giri M., Gettler K., Sharma Y., Stevens C., Lazarev M., Haritunians T., Snapper S. B., Shah N., Muise A. M., Wilson D. C., Uhlig H. H., Anderson C. A., Serra, E. G., Schwerd, T., Moutsianas, L., Cavounidis, A., Fachal, L., Pandey, S., Kammermeier, J., Croft, N. M., Posovszky, C., Rodrigues, A., Russell, R. K., Barakat, F., Auth, M. K. H., Heuschkel, R., Zilbauer, M., Fyderek, K., Braegger, C., Travis, S. P., Satsangi, J., Parkes, M., Thapar, N., Ferry, H., Matte, J. C., Gilmour, K. C., Wedrychowicz, A., Sullivan, P., Moore, C., Sambrook, J., Ouwehand, W., Roberts, D., Danesh, J., Baeumler, T. A., Fulga, T. A., Carrami, E. M., Ahmed, A., Wilson, R., Barrett, J. C., Elkadri, A., Griffiths, A. M., Zurek, M., Strisciuglio, C., Elawad, M., Lo, B., Arancibia-Carcamo, C., Bailey, A., Barnes, E., Bird-Lieberman, E. L., Brain, O., Braden, B., Collier, J., East, J., Howarth, L., Keshav, S., Klenerman, P., Leedham, S., Palmer, R., Powrie, F., Simmons, A., Walker, M., Tolkien, Z., Kaptoge, S., Allen, D., Mehenny, S., Mant, J., Di Angelantonio, E., Thompson, S. G., Yilmaz, B., Juillerat, P., Geuking, M., Wiest, R., Macpherson, A. J., Bravo, F. D., Brugger, L., Carstens, O., Bigler, U. G., Heimgartner, B., Rusticeanu, M., Schmid-Uebelhart, S., Strebel, B., Tatu, A., Tutuian, R., Oyas, O., Ramon, C., Stelling, J., Franc, Y., Fournier, N., Pittet, V. E. H., Burnand, B., Egger, M., Golay, D., Marot, A., Musso, L., Rossel, J. -B., Seematter, V., Sommer, J., Vulliamy, R., Michetti, P., Maillard, M. H., Keller, C., Nydegger, A., Schoepfe, A., Archanioti, E., Ezri, J., Fraga, M., Schoepfer, A., Muller, C., Rogler, G., Biedermann, L., Blattmann, M., Burk, S., Dora, B., Fried, M., Misselwitz, B., Mullhaupt, B., Obialo, N., Pohl, D., Raschle, N., Scharl, M., Vavricka, S., Von Kanel, R., Zeitz, J., Abdelrahman, K., Ademi, G., Borovicka, J., Brand, S., Frei, R., Haarer, J., Knellwolf-Grieger, C., Krieger-Grubel, C., Kunzler, P., Meyenberger, C., Meyer, P., Rohrich, N., Sawatzki, M., Schelling, M., Semadeni, G. -M., Sulz, M., Zimmermann, D., Aepli, P., Criblez, D. H., Hess, C., Richterich, J. -P., Spalinger, J., Staudenmann, D., Stulz, A., Wohrle, S., Thomas, A., Anderegg, C., Kohler, H., Kusche, R., Antonino, A. -T., Arrigoni, E., Bengoa, J. M., Cunningham, S., de Saussure, P., Girard, L., de Jong, D. B., Basturk, P., Brunner, S., Degen, L., Hruz, P., Bakker, C. K. -D., Niess, J., Balsiger, B., Haldemann, J., Saner, G., Seibold, F., Bauerfeind, P., Becocci, A., Belli, D., Binek, J., Hengstler, P., Boehm, S., Boldanov, T., Buhr, P., Koller, R., Rueger, V., Senning, A., Burri, E., Buyse, S., Cao, D. -T., D'Angelo, F., Delarive, J., Doerig, C., Hessler, R., Preissler, C., Rentsch, R., Risti, B., Ritz, M. A., Steuerwald, M., Vogtlin, J., Sagmeister, M., Sauter, B., Schibli, S., Sokollik, C., Schlauri, H., Schnegg, J. -F., Seirafi, M., Spangenberger, H., Stadler, P., Staub, P., Stenz, V., Tempia-Caliera, M., Thorens, J., Truninger, K., Urfer, P., Viani, F., Vouillamoz, D., Zander, S., Wyli, T., Jostins, L., Kennedy, N. A., Ahmad, T., Lamb, C. A., Edwards, C., Hart, A., Hawkey, C., Mansfield, J. C., Mowat, C., Newman, W. G., Tremelling, M., Lee, J. C., Prescott, N. J., Mathew, C. G., Lees, C. W., Mcgovern, D. P. B., Targan, S. R., Botwin, G., Mengesha, E., Fleshner, P., Landers, C., Li, D., Rioux, J. D., Bitton, A., Cote-Daigneault, J., Daly, M. J., Xavier, R., Morris, K., Boucher, G., Cho, J. H., Abraham, C., Merad, M., Sands, B., Peter, I., Hao, K., Itan, Y., Duerr, R. H., Konnikova, L., Schwartz, M. B., Proksell, S., Johnston, E., Miladinova, V., Chen, W., Brant, S. R., Datta, L., Silverberg, M. S., Schumm, L. P., Birch, S., Giri, M., Gettler, K., Sharma, Y., Stevens, C., Lazarev, M., Haritunians, T., Snapper, S. B., Shah, N., Muise, A. M., Wilson, D. C., Uhlig, H. H., and Anderson, C. A.

Published
2022

2. Human AGR2 Deficiency Causes Mucus Barrier Dysfunction and Infantile Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Author

Al-Shaibi, AA, Abdel-Motal, UM, Hubrack, SZ, Bullock, AN, Al-Marri, AA, Agrebi, N, Al-Subaiey, AA, Ibrahim, NA, Charles, AK, Elawad, M, Uhlig, HH, Lo, B, and group, COLORS in IBD-Qatar study

Subjects
Male, digestive system, TFF3, trefoil factor 3, ER, endoplasmic reticulum, HEK293T, Human Embryonic Kidney 293T, Structure-Activity Relationship, Intestinal Metaplasia, Mucoproteins, BiP, Binding Immunoglobulin Protein, Animals, Humans, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Amino Acid Sequence, Intestinal Mucosa, Original Research, Mice, Knockout, Oncogene Proteins, Whole Genome Sequencing, CLCA1, Chloride Channel Accessory 1, IBD, inflammatory bowel disease, AGR2, anterior gradient 2, MUC, mucin, Siblings, Mucins, Sequence Analysis, DNA, respiratory system, Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress, Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, WT, wild-type, TBS, Tris-buffered saline, Disease Models, Animal, Mucus, Phenotype, Gastric Mucosa, MUC2, ER Stress, Disease Susceptibility, Goblet Cells, Biomarkers, AGR2, HA, hemagglutinin
Abstract

Background & Aims The gastrointestinal epithelium plays a crucial role in maintaining homeostasis with the gut microbiome. Mucins are essential for intestinal barrier function and serve as a scaffold for antimicrobial factors. Mucin 2 (MUC2) is the major intestinal gel-forming mucin produced predominantly by goblet cells. Goblet cells express anterior gradient 2 (AGR2), a protein disulfide isomerase that is crucial for proper processing of gel-forming mucins. Here, we investigated 2 siblings who presented with severe infantile-onset inflammatory bowel disease. Methods We performed whole-genome sequencing to identify candidate variants. We quantified goblet cell numbers using H&E histology and investigated the expression of gel-forming mucins, stress markers, and goblet cell markers using immunohistochemistry. AGR2-MUC2 binding was evaluated using co-immunoprecipitation. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress regulatory function of mutant AGR2 was examined by expression studies in Human Embryonic Kidney 293T (HEK293T) using tunicamycin to induce ER stress. Results Both affected siblings were homozygous for a missense variant in AGR2. Patient biopsy specimens showed reduced goblet cells; depletion of MUC2, MUC5AC, and MUC6; up-regulation of AGR2; and increased ER stress. The mutant AGR2 showed reduced capacity to bind MUC2 and alleviate tunicamycin-induced ER stress. Conclusions Phenotype–genotype segregation, functional experiments, and the striking similarity of the human phenotype to AGR2-/- mouse models suggest that the AGR2 missense variant is pathogenic. The Mendelian deficiency of AGR2, termed “Enteropathy caused by AGR2 deficiency, Goblet cell Loss, and ER Stress” (EAGLES), results in a mucus barrier defect, the inability to mitigate ER stress, and causes infantile-onset inflammatory bowel disease., Graphical abstract

Published
2020

4. Real-Life Anti-Tumour Necrosis Factor Experience in > 500 Paediatric United Kingdom Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients

Author

Merrick, VM, Mortier, K, Williams, LJ, Muhammed, R, Auth, MK, Elawad, M, Fell, JM, Beattie, RM, Loganathan, S, Torrente, F, Morris, M-A, Charlton, C, Croft, NM, Rodrigues, A, Furman, M, Vadamalayan, B, Jenkins, H, Zamvar, V, Mitton, SG, Chong, S, Cosgrove, M, Akobeng, A, Wilson, DC, and Russell, RK

Abstract

OBJECTIVES: To measure the effectiveness, safety and use of anti-Tumour necrosis Factor (TNF) therapy in paediatric inflammatory bowel disease (PIBD) in the United Kingdom (UK). METHODS: Prospective UK audit of patients newly starting anti-TNF therapy. Disease severity was assessed using Physician Global Assessment (PGA) +/or the Paediatric Crohn's Disease Activity Index (PCDAI). RESULTS: 37 centres participated (23 of 25 specialist PIBD sites). 524 patients were included; 429 Crohn's disease (CD), 76 ulcerative colitis (UC), 19 IBD unclassified (IBDU). 87% (488/562) anti-TNF was infliximab; commonest indication was active luminal CD 77% (330/429) or chronic refractory UC/IBDU 56% (53/95); 79% (445/562) had concomitant co-immunosuppression. In CD (267/429 male), median time from diagnosis to treatment was 1.42 years (IQR 0.63-2.97). Disease (at initiation) was moderate or severe in 91% (156/171) by PGA compared to 41% (88/217) by PCDAI; Kappa (Κ) 0.28 = only 'fair agreement' (p

Published
2018

5. Distribution of hemoglobinopathy disorders in Saudi Arabia based on data from the premarital screening and genetic counseling program, 2011-2015

Author

Mohammad Y. Saeedi, Eman S. Alsaeed, Hisham Bashawri, Ghada N. Farhat, Ziad A. Memish, Elawad M. Ahmed, Abdullah M. Assiri, and Mishal F. Al-Dossary

Subjects
Adult, Male, Adolescent, Thalassemia, Genetic counseling, Population, Prevalence, Saudi Arabia, Genetic Counseling, Disease, Anemia, Sickle Cell, Premarital Examinations, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine, Humans, Mass Screening, 030212 general & internal medicine, education, Aged, Premarital screening, Aged, 80 and over, education.field_of_study, business.industry, lcsh:Public aspects of medicine, Sickle cell disease, beta-Thalassemia, lcsh:RA1-1270, Secondary data, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Hemoglobinopathy, Trait, Female, business, Demography
Abstract

The prevalence rates of β-thalassemia (β-thal) and Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) in Saudi Arabia are considered one of the highest compared to surrounding countries in the Middle East (0.05% and 4.50%, respectively). In this study, Secondary data analysis was obtained from the premarital screening and genetic counseling program (PMSGC), and included 12,30,582 individuals from February 2011 to December 2015. Prevalence rates (per 1000 population) for β-thal and SCD were calculated for carrier status, disease status and their combination. During the 5-year study period, the overall prevalence rate per 1000 population for β-thal was 13.6 (12.9 for the trait and 0.7 for the disease). The prevalence rate for SCD was 49.6 (45.8 for the trait and 3.8 for the disease). Rates for β-thal were found to decrease from 24.2 in 2011, to 12 in 2015. However, SCD rates remained rather constant and ranged from 42.3 in 2011 to 49.8 in 2015. The highest rate for both β-thal and SCD was observed in the Eastern and Southern regions. This result reflects major accomplishment of the PMSGC. This study recommends further improvement in preventive measures in high-risk regions, and enhanced community awareness to provide the highest rate reduction for these disorders. Keywords: Hemoglobinopathy, Thalassemia, Sickle cell disease, Premarital screening, Saudi Arabia

Published
2017

6. Phenotypic and genotypic characterisation of inflammatory bowel disease presenting before the age of two years

Author

Kammermeier, J, Dziubak, R, Pescarin, M, Drury, S, Godwin, H, Reeve, K, Chadokufa, S, Huggett, B, Sider, S, James, C, Acton, N, Cernat, E, Gasparetto, M, Noble-Jamieson, G, Kiparissi, F, Elawad, M, Beales, P, Sebire, N, Gilmour, K, Uhlig, H, Bacchelli, C, and Shah, N

Subjects
digestive system diseases
Abstract

Inflammatory bowel disease presenting in early childhood is extremely rare. More recently, progress has been made to identify children with monogenic forms of IBD predominantly presenting very early in life. In this study, we describe the heterogeneous phenotypes and genotypes of patients with IBD presenting before the age of two years and establish phenotypic features associated with underlying monogenicity.Phenotype data of 62 children with disease-onset before the age of two years presenting over the last 20 years were reviewed. Children without previously established genetic diagnosis were prospectively recruited for next-generation sequencing.62 patients (55% male) were identified. The median disease-onset was three months of age [IQR: 1 to 11]. Conventional IBD classification only applied to 15 patients with Crohn's disease-like (24%) and three with ulcerative colitis-like (5%) phenotype. Forty-four patients (71%) were diagnosed with otherwise unclassifiable IBD. Patients frequently required parenteral nutrition (40%), extensive immunosuppression (31%), hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation (29%) and abdominal surgery (19%). In 31% of patients underlying monogenic diseases were established (EPCAM, IL10, IL10RA, IL10RB, FOXP3, LRBA, SKIV2L, TTC37, TTC7A). Phenotypic features significantly more prevalent in monogenic IBD were: consanguinity, disease-onset before the 6(th) month of life, stunting, extensive intestinal disease and histological evidence of epithelial abnormalities.IBD in children with disease-onset before the age of two years is frequently unclassifiable into Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, particularly treatment resistant and can be indistinguishable from monogenic diseases with IBD-like phenotype.

Published
2016

7. Fruit and vegetable consumption among adults in Saudi Arabia, 2013

Author

Shelley Wilson, Mohammad Al Saeedi, Faisal M Alanazi, Omer Abid, Ali H. Mokdad, Farah Daoud, Elawad M. Ahmed, Mohammad A. AlMazroa, Marwa Tuffaha, Mishal F. Al-Dossary, Charbel El Bcheraoui, Ziad A. Memish, Syed Arif Hussain, Mohammed Basulaiman, Abdullah A. Al Rabeeah, Riad M. Salloum, and Mohamed E Ibrahim

Subjects
Consumption (economics), Nutrition and Dietetics, business.industry, Environmental health, Medicine (miscellaneous), Medicine, Nutrition and Dietary Supplements, business
Abstract

Charbel El Bcheraoui,1 Mohammed Basulaiman,2 Mohammad A AlMazroa,2 Marwa Tuffaha,1 Farah Daoud,1 Shelley Wilson,1 Mohammad Y Al Saeedi,2 Faisal M Alanazi,2 Mohamed E Ibrahim,2 Elawad M Ahmed,2 Syed A Hussain,2 Riad M Salloum,2 Omer Abid,2 Mishal F Al-Dossary,2 Ziad A Memish,2 Abdullah A Al Rabeeah,2 Ali H Mokdad1 1Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; 2Ministry of Health of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia Background: Dietary risks were the leading risk factors for death worldwide in 2010. However, current national estimates on fruit and vegetable consumption in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) are nonexistent. We conducted a large household survey to inform the Saudi Ministry of Health (MOH) on a major modifiable risk factor: daily consumption of fruits and vegetables. Methods: The Saudi Health Interview Survey is a national multistage survey of individuals aged 15 years or older. It includes questions on sociodemographic characteristics, tobacco consumption, diet, physical activity, health care utilization, different health-related behaviors, and self-reported chronic conditions. We used a backward elimination multivariate logistic regression model to measure association between the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)-recommended daily consumption of fruits and vegetables and different factors. Results: Between April and June 2013, a total of 10,735 participants completed the survey. Overall, 2.6% of Saudis aged 15 years or older met the CDC guidelines for daily consumption of fruits and vegetables. The likelihood of meeting the CDC guidelines increased with age; among women; among persons who graduated from elementary or high school or had a higher education; among residents of Makkah, Al Sharqia, Ha’il, or Jizan; among those who consumed at least two servings of meat or chicken per day; among those who visited a health care facility for a routine medical exam within the last 3 years; and among those who have been diagnosed with hypertension. Conclusion: We have showed that KSA is in dire need of improving the diet of its population. Our findings call for urgent research to understand the reasons for low fruit and vegetable consumption, focusing on price or preference in order to develop and implement culturally and country-relevant solutions to increase the consumption of fruits and vegetables. Keywords: Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, fruits, vegetables, dietary risks, diet

Published
2015
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8. Somatic mosaicism and common genetic variation contribute to the risk of very-early-onset inflammatory bowel disease

Author

Serra, Eva Gonçalves, Schwerd, Tobias, Moutsianas, Loukas, Cavounidis, Athena, Fachal, Laura, Pandey, Sumeet, Kammermeier, Jochen, Croft, Nicholas M, Posovszky, Carsten, Rodrigues, Astor, Russell, Richard K, Barakat, Farah, Auth, Marcus K H, Heuschkel, Robert, Zilbauer, Matthias, Fyderek, Krzysztof, Braegger, Christian, Travis, Simon P, Satsangi, Jack, Parkes, Miles, Thapar, Nikhil, Ferry, Helen, Matte, Julie C, Gilmour, Kimberly C, Wedrychowicz, Andrzej, Sullivan, Peter, Moore, Carmel, Sambrook, Jennifer, Ouwehand, Willem, Roberts, David, Danesh, John, Baeumler, Toni A, Fulga, Tudor A, Karaminejadranjbar, Mohammad, Ahmed, Ahmed, Wilson, Rachel, Barrett, Jeffrey C, Elkadri, Abdul, Griffiths, Anne M, Snapper, Scott B, Shah, Neil, Muise, Aleixo M, Wilson, David C, Uhlig, Holm H, Anderson, Carl A, Marlen, Zurek, Caterina, Strisciuglio, Mamoun, Elawad, Bernice, Lo, Carolina, Arancibia-Carcamo, Adam, Bailey, Ellie, Barnes, Elizabeth Louise, Bird-Lieberman, Oliver, Brain, Barbara, Braden, Jane, Collier, James, East, Lucy, Howarth, Satish, Keshav, Paul, Klenerman, Simon, Leedham, Rebecca, Palmer, Fiona, Powrie, Alison, Simmons, Matthew, Walker, Zoe, Tolkien, Stephen, Kaptoge, David, Allen, Susan, Mehenny, Jonathan, Mant, Emanuele, Di Angelantonio, Simon G, Thompson, Bahtiyar, Yilmaz, Pascal, Juillerat, Markus, Geuking, Reiner, Wiest, Andrew J, Macpherson, Francisco Damian, Bravo, Lukas, Brügger, Ove, Carstens, Ulrike Graf, Bigler, Benjamin, Heimgartner, Monica, Rusticeanu, Sybille, Schmid-Uebelhart, Bruno, Strebel, Aurora, Tatu, Radu, Tutuian, Ove, Øyås, Charlotte, Ramon, Jörg, Stelling, Yannick, Franc, Nicolas, Fournier, Valerie E H, Pittet, Bernard, Burnand, Mara, Egger, Delphine, Golay, Astrid, Marot, Leilla, Musso, Valérie, Pittet, Jean-Benoît, Rossel, Vivianne, Seematter, Joachim, Sommer, Rachel, Vulliamy, Pierre, Michetti, Michel H, Maillard, Céline, Keller, Andreas, Nydegger, Alain, Schoepfe, Eva, Archanioti, Jessica, Ezri, Montserrat, Fraga, Alain, Schoepfer, Christoph, Müller, Gerhard, Rogler, Luc, Biedermann, Mirjam, Blattmann, Sabine, Burk, Barbara, Dora, Michael, Fried, Benjamin, Misselwitz, Beat, Müllhaupt, Nicole, Obialo, Daniel, Pohl, Nadia, Raschle, Michael, Scharl, Stephan, Vavricka, Roland, Von Känel, Jonas, Zeitz, Karim, Abdelrahman, Gentiana, Ademi, Jan, Borovicka, Stephan, Brand, Remus, Frei, Johannes, Haarer, Christina, Knellwolf-Grieger, Claudia, Krieger-Grübel, Patrizia, Künzler, Christa, Meyenberger, Pamela, Meyer, Nina, Röhrich, Mikael, Sawatzki, Martin, Schelling, Gian-Marco, Semadeni, Michael, Sulz, Dorothee, Zimmermann, Patrick, Aepli, Dominique H, Criblez, Cyrill, Hess, Jean-Pierre, Richterich, Johannes, Spalinger, Dominic, Staudenmann, Andreas, Stulz, Stefanie, Wöhrle, Amman, Thomas, Claudia, Anderegg, Henrik, Köhler, Rachel, Kusche, Anca-Teodora, Antonino, Eviano, Arrigoni, José M, Bengoa, Sophie, Cunningham, Philippe, de Saussure, Laurent, Girard, Diana Bakker, de Jong, Polat, Bastürk, Simon, Brunner, Lukas, Degen, Petr, Hruz, Carolina, Khalid-de Bakker, Jan, Niess, Bruno, Balsiger, Janine, Haldemann, Gaby, Saner, Frank, Seibold, Peter, Bauerfeind, Andrea, Becocci, Dominique, Belli, Janek, Binek, Peter, Hengstler, Stephan, Boehm, Tujana, Boldanov, Patrick, Bühr, Rebekka, Koller, Vanessa, Rueger, Arne, Senning, Emanuel, Burri, Sophie, Buyse, Dahlia-Thao, Cao, Fabrizia, D'Angelo, Joakim, Delarive, Christopher, Doerig, Roxane, Hessler, Claudia, Preissler, Ronald, Rentsch, Branislav, Risti, Marc Alain, Ritz, Michael, Steuerwald, Jürg, Vögtlin, Markus, Sagmeister, Bernhard, Sauter, Susanne, Schibli, Christiane, Sokollik, Hugo, Schlauri, Jean-François, Schnegg, Mariam, Seirafi, Holger, Spangenberger, Philippe, Stadler, Peter, Staub, Volker, Stenz, Michela, Tempia-Caliera, Joël, Thorens, Kaspar, Truninger, Patrick, Urfer, Francesco, Viani, Dominique, Vouillamoz, Silvan, Zander, Tina, Wyli, L, Jostins, N A, Kennedy, T, Ahmad, C A, Lamb, C, Edwards, A, Hart, C, Hawkey, J C, Mansfield, C, Mowat, W G, Newman, A, Simmons, M, Tremelling, J C, Lee, N J, Prescott, C G, Mathew, C W, Lees, D P B, McGovern, S R, Targan, G, Botwin, E, Mengesha, P, Fleshner, C, Landers, D, Li, J D, Rioux, A, Bitton, J, Côté-Daigneault, M J, Daly, R, Xavier, K, Morris, G, Boucher, J H, Cho, C, Abraham, M, Merad, B, Sands, I, Peter, K, Hao, Y, Itan, R H, Duerr, L, Konnikova, M B, Schwartz, S, Proksell, E, Johnston, V, Miladinova, W, Chen, S R, Brant, L, Datta, M S, Silverberg, L P, Schumm, S, Birch, M, Giri, K, Gettler, Y, Sharma, C, Stevens, M, Lazarev, T, Haritunians, Fachal, Laura [0000-0002-7256-9752], Croft, Nicholas M [0000-0002-1519-6435], Posovszky, Carsten [0000-0002-9487-8812], Russell, Richard K [0000-0001-7398-4926], Zilbauer, Matthias [0000-0002-7272-0547], Travis, Simon P [0000-0002-2690-4361], Matte, Julie C [0000-0001-5642-648X], Wedrychowicz, Andrzej [0000-0003-1448-167X], Fulga, Tudor A [0000-0002-1056-0082], Karaminejadranjbar, Mohammad [0000-0002-7770-2065], Ahmed, Ahmed [0000-0001-6509-2581], Muise, Aleixo M [0000-0001-9624-3346], Wilson, David C [0000-0003-0879-1129], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, UCL - SSS/IREC/MONT - Pôle Mont Godinne, UCL - (MGD) Service de gastro-entérologie, Croft, Nicholas M. [0000-0002-1519-6435], Russell, Richard K. [0000-0001-7398-4926], Travis, Simon P. [0000-0002-2690-4361], Matte, Julie C. [0000-0001-5642-648X], Fulga, Tudor A. [0000-0002-1056-0082], Muise, Aleixo M. [0000-0001-9624-3346], Wilson, David C. 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Newman, W G, Simmons, A, Tremelling, M, Lee, J C, Prescott, N J, Mathew, C G, Lees, C W, Mcgovern, D P B, Targan, S R, Botwin, G, Mengesha, E, Fleshner, P, Landers, C, Li, D, Rioux, J D, Bitton, A, Côté-Daigneault, J, Daly, M J, Xavier, R, Morris, K, Boucher, G, Cho, J H, Abraham, C, Merad, M, Sands, B, Peter, I, Hao, K, Itan, Y, Duerr, R H, Konnikova, L, Schwartz, M B, Proksell, S, Johnston, E, Miladinova, V, Chen, W, Brant, S R, Datta, L, Silverberg, M S, Schumm, L P, Birch, S, Giri, M, Gettler, K, Sharma, Y, Stevens, C, Lazarev, M, Haritunians, T, Carrami, Eli M [0000-0002-7770-2065], COLORS in IBD group investigators, Oxford IBD cohort study investigators, INTERVAL Study, Swiss IBD cohort investigators, UK IBD Genetics Consortium, NIDDK IBD Genetics Consortium, Zurek, M., Strisciuglio, C., Elawad, M., Lo, B., Arancibia-Carcamo, C., Bailey, A., Barnes, E., Bird-Lieberman, E.L., Brain, O., Braden, B., Collier, J., East, J., Howarth, L., Keshav, S., Klenerman, P., Leedham, S., Palmer, R., Powrie, F., Simmons, A., Walker, M., Tolkien, Z., Kaptoge, S., Allen, D., Mehenny, S., Mant, J., Di Angelantonio, E., Thompson, S.G., Yilmaz, B., Juillerat, P., Geuking, M., Wiest, R., Macpherson, A.J., Bravo, F.D., Brügger, L., Carstens, O., Bigler, U.G., Heimgartner, B., Rusticeanu, M., Schmid-Uebelhart, S., Strebel, B., Tatu, A., Tutuian, R., Øyås, O., Ramon, C., Stelling, J., Franc, Y., Fournier, N., Pittet, VEH, Burnand, B., Egger, M., Golay, D., Marot, A., Musso, L., Pittet, V., Rossel, J.B., Seematter, V., Sommer, J., Vulliamy, R., Michetti, P., Maillard, M.H., Keller, C., Nydegger, A., Schoepfe, A., Archanioti, E., Ezri, J., Fraga, M., Schoepfer, A., Müller, C., Rogler, G., Biedermann, L., Blattmann, M., Burk, S., Dora, B., Fried, M., Misselwitz, B., Müllhaupt, B., Obialo, N., Pohl, D., Raschle, N., Scharl, M., Vavricka, S., Von Känel, R., Zeitz, J., Abdelrahman, K., Ademi, G., Borovicka, J., Brand, S., Frei, R., Haarer, J., Knellwolf-Grieger, C., Krieger-Grübel, C., Künzler, P., Meyenberger, C., Meyer, P., Röhrich, N., Sawatzki, M., Schelling, M., Semadeni, G.M., Sulz, M., Zimmermann, D., Aepli, P., Criblez, D.H., Hess, C., Richterich, J.P., Spalinger, J., Staudenmann, D., Stulz, A., Wöhrle, S., Thomas, A., Anderegg, C., Köhler, H., Kusche, R., Antonino, A.T., Arrigoni, E., Bengoa, J.M., Cunningham, S., de Saussure, P., Girard, L., de Jong, D.B., Bastürk, P., Brunner, S., Degen, L., Hruz, P., Bakker, C.K., Niess, J., Balsiger, B., Haldemann, J., Saner, G., Seibold, F., Bauerfeind, P., Becocci, A., Belli, D., Binek, J., Hengstler, P., Boehm, S., Boldanov, T., Bühr, P., Koller, R., Rueger, V., Senning, A., Burri, E., Buyse, S., Cao, D.T., D'Angelo, F., Delarive, J., Doerig, C., Hessler, R., Preissler, C., Rentsch, R., Risti, B., Ritz, M.A., Steuerwald, M., Vögtlin, J., Sagmeister, M., Sauter, B., Schibli, S., Sokollik, C., Schlauri, H., Schnegg, J.F., Seirafi, M., Spangenberger, H., Stadler, P., Staub, P., Stenz, V., Tempia-Caliera, M., Thorens, J., 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Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Male, Multifactorial Inheritance, General Physics and Astronomy, 631/208/1516, 13, Inflammatory bowel disease, Whole Exome Sequencing, Adult, Age of Onset, Case-Control Studies, Child, Child, Preschool, Cohort Studies, Female, Genes, Recessive, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Genetic Variation, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Inflammatory Bowel Diseases/etiology, Inflammatory Bowel Diseases/genetics, Loss of Function Mutation, Mosaicism, Mutation, NADPH Oxidase 2/genetics, Pedigree, Primary Immunodeficiency Diseases/complications, Primary Immunodeficiency Diseases/genetics, Risk Factors, 0302 clinical medicine, Primary Immunodeficiency Disease, Medicine, lcsh:Science, Exome sequencing, 49/31, education.field_of_study, Multidisciplinary, Medical genetics, article, 692/699/249/1570, 631/250/249/2510/257, 631/208/248, 3. Good health, NADPH Oxidase 2, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, Case-Control Studie, Human, medicine.medical_specialty, Science, Primary Immunodeficiency Diseases, Population, 45/22, 45/23, digestive system, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, 03 medical and health sciences, Immunological deficiency syndromes, Exome Sequencing, Immunogenetics, Allele, education, 45, business.industry, Risk Factor, Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Case-control study, General Chemistry, medicine.disease, Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, digestive system diseases, 49, 030104 developmental biology, Immunology, Primary immunodeficiency, lcsh:Q, Age of onset, Cohort Studie, business
Abstract

Very-early-onset inflammatory bowel disease (VEO-IBD) is a heterogeneous phenotype associated with a spectrum of rare Mendelian disorders. Here, we perform whole-exome-sequencing and genome-wide genotyping in 145 patients (median age-at-diagnosis of 3.5 years), in whom no Mendelian disorders were clinically suspected. In five patients we detect a primary immunodeficiency or enteropathy, with clinical consequences (XIAP, CYBA, SH2D1A, PCSK1). We also present a case study of a VEO-IBD patient with a mosaic de novo, pathogenic allele in CYBB. The mutation is present in ~70% of phagocytes and sufficient to result in defective bacterial handling but not life-threatening infections. Finally, we show that VEO-IBD patients have, on average, higher IBD polygenic risk scores than population controls (99 patients and 18,780 controls; P, Adult forms of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are of a polygenic nature, but paediatric and very early onset (VEO) IBD also occur as monogenic forms. Here, using whole exome sequencing, the authors explore both the monogenic and polygenic contribution to VEO-IBD and characterize a rare somatic mosaic VEO-IBD patient.

Published
2020
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