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Many insurers offer policies which provide a combination of insurance coverage up to a fixed retirement age and an annuity income after retirement. Premiums are normally payable until the retirement age is reached. The retirement income is often at the rate of $10 per month for each $1000 of face amount and is customarily payable for a fixed number of years certain and the remainder of life. Under normal circumstances the present value at the retirement age of the annuity income of $10 per month exceeds the face amount of $1000. This means that the policy must nature at the retirement age for an amount greater than the face amount, and that the policy reserves and cash values, in building up to the required maturi ty value, will also exceed the face amount for a period prior to retirement. Since it is impractical to have the face amount of insurance loss than the cash value, these policies provide that the death benefit will be equal to the cash value during the period when the cash value exceeds the face amount. Let 1 ~ k denote the present value at the retirement age, x ~ n, of the annuity to be provided at that age for each unit of face amount issued at age x. Then the policy can be regarded as a combination of a pure endowment of 1 ~ k due at the retirement age and a term insurance up to that age providing a death benefit equal to 1 or the total cash value on the policy whichever is greater. The net premium, P, for tho policy can therefore be written

Using as their starting point the work by a group of German speaking actuaries described in a paper published in the Transactions of the 18th I.C.A. (Vol. II, p. 815), Munich, 1968, a working party of European actuaries from eight countries prepared proposals for modernising the actuarial notation. The proposed International Actuarial Publication Language extends beyond compound interest and life assurance to pension fund and sickness insurance functions and is based on the following principles: (a) exclusive use of an internationally established set of characters; (b) linear arrangements of these characters to denote actuarial values and functions; (c) unequivocality, consistency, and, as far as possible, completeness; (d) preservation of the basic concepts and symbols of the present actuarial notation within the framework of these principles, together with the closest possible conformity to modern mathematical notation; (e) attention to the requirements of mechanical reproduction.

The β-γ circular-polarization correlation of Sc 46 has been measured by means of forward Compton scattering. Solid scandium sources of the following compounds were investigated: oxide, chloride, nitrate, sulfate, metal and ammoniumfluoscandiate. Furthermore, a number of thin liquid sources were measured: chloride in diluted hydrochloric acid, acetylacetonate in m-xylene, and acetylacetonate in methylene bromide. A liquid mixed source of Co 60 and Sc 46 was also measured. A total of 15 sources were investigated. The results of the individual sources are, within statistics, all in agreement with each other, and in the same way with the earlier Heidelberg and Livermore results. The observed correlations turned out to be, within statistics, completely independent of the age of the source. The anisotropy parameter A of the β-γ circular-polarization correlation, averaged over all sources, was found to be A = 0.113±0.008 (standard deviation, including calibration error), which implies a ratio X between Fermi and Gamow-Teller contributions of X = −0.040±0.011. In supplementary runs, the β-γ directional correlation as well as the γ-γ directional correlation were measured, the latter with chloride and sulfate sources. The β-γ directional correlation was found to be isotropic while the γ-γ correlation was found to have the anisotropy expected for a non-attenuated E2 cascade. In appendices the problems of estimating source thickness effects on the measured angular distribution of electrons from oriented nuclei, on the measured β-γ circular-polarization correlation, and on the measured β-gg directional correlation are treated, as well as the problem of measuring random coincidences in a fast-slow coincidence circuit.