385 results on '"E. Lefebvre"'
Search Results
2. The Discursive Utility of the Global, Local, and National: Teach For All in Africa
- Author
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Elisabeth E. Lefebvre, Sahara Pradhan, and Matthew A. M. Thomas
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Education - Published
- 2022
3. Preparing the Next Generation of Teachers Inappropriately: When Introductory Course Directors Engage in Misbehaviors
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Luke LeFebvre, Leah E. LeFebvre, Heather J. Carmack, and Gordana Lazić
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Communication - Published
- 2022
4. PLN-74809 Shows Favorable Safety and Tolerability and Indicates Antifibrotic Activity in a Phase 2a Study for the Treatment of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
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L.H. Lancaster, V. Cottin, M. Ramaswamy, J.G. Goldin, G.H.J. Kim, J. Bellini, M. Jurek, M. Decaris, G.P. Cosgrove, E. Lefebvre, and K.R. Flaherty
- Published
- 2023
5. Catching Feelings: Narrating the Emerging Adults’ Relational Process
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Leah E. LeFebvre and Heather J. Carmack
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Communication - Published
- 2022
6. Affective Self-Regulation After Relationship Dissolution
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Leah E. LeFebvre and Ryan D. Rasner
- Abstract
Breakups are among the most distressing occurrences in life. The affective responses to and recovery from relationship dissolution are multifaceted. Scholarship investigating relationship dissolution and the ensuing processes that follow has come a long way in facilitating a more holistic understanding of affect. These findings have driven empirical and theoretical research exploring important intersections around distress and adjustment, while illuminating the need to replicate and expand findings to more diverse populations. This chapter highlights common variables and questions in empirical relationship dissolution research including dissolution strategies (unilateral and bilateral), breakup roles (initiator and noninitiator), sex differences (reasons and roles), time (relationship length and adjustment), age (life span), and relationship redefinition (continuance or termination). These moderating variables have been studied to understand affective responses to relationship dissolution, yet they fail to fully delineate the complex structures that individuals and couples encounter. This chapter concludes by outlining and discussing gaps in prior scholarship and providing evolutionary extensions for relationship dissolution related to contemporary dating practices. The emergent lexicon of the dissolution process extends conventional metrics stability regarding development, intimacy, and commitment of interpersonal relationships. We discuss future areas for applying an evolutionary psychological perspective and offer a unifying narrative around distress, adjustment, and the moderating variables that call attention to the complex process of romantic relationship dissolution.
- Published
- 2023
7. Conceptualizing the Friendzone Phenomenon
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Leah E. LeFebvre, Ryan D. Rasner, Carli-Jo Kickert, Bert McLelland, Emily Owen, and Aishwarya Iyer
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Mechanical Engineering ,Energy Engineering and Power Technology ,Management Science and Operations Research - Abstract
This study explores the friendzone, or the lexicon surrounding the nexus between platonic and romantic relationships. The friendzone situates layperson and scholarly depictions of platonic and romantic relationships. Minimal scholarship explores this common vernacular from either perspective—those that communicate romantic attraction or those that react. Specifically, this study investigates how initiators (those who communicate interest) and respondents (those who react to declarations) participate in the communicative and relational process of friendzoning. Participants ( N = 787) completed open-ended questions about their friendzone experiences, communication from initiators, reaction of respondents, and changes to friendships. This study utilizes analytic induction to provide further conceptualization and delineation of the friendzone through identifying friendzoning types, initiator communication strategies, respondent reactions, and relationship changes. Findings allowed for: the conceptualizing of the friendzone, highlighting obstacles for navigating non-normative relationship scripts, and identifying risks involved with relationship change.
- Published
- 2022
8. Cocreation of Virtual Online Poverty Simulations in Google Slides
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Laura A, Killam, Justin C, McAuliffe, Stephanie A, Hutton, Melanie E, Lefebvre, Emily E, Campbell, Rashane P, Robinson, and Karla, Ghartey
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Search Engine ,Marketing ,Pharmacology ,Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management ,Interprofessional Relations ,Strategy and Management ,Drug Discovery ,Humans ,Pharmaceutical Science ,Cooperative Behavior ,Students ,Poverty - Published
- 2022
9. Pages of Resistance
- Author
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Bruno R. Véras and Renée E. Lefebvre
- Abstract
The Pages of Resistance exhibition project is a digital humanities and public history project dedicated to the study of slavery and rebellion during the slave trade era, occurring in Latin America and the Caribbean during the 1800s. Its focal point is the curation of a travelling exhibition on enslaved Muslim African literacy, conceptualized in this paper as a form of spiritual resistance to bondage. The inspiration for this project is based on the digitization of three sets of nineteenth-century Qur’anic and non-Qur’anic manuscripts found on the bodies of enslaved Muslim Africans after they perished the night of the Malês rebellion in January 1835 in Bahia, Brazil. The Pages of Resistance exhibition project, which currently concentrates on Brazil, is a part of a broader initiative that is focused on Muslim African diasporic history during the Atlantic slave trade era. It is a collaborative initiative between cross-disciplinary researchers and creative producers engaging in digital scholarship and multimedia art production. This article discusses the concept and Public History of the Pages of Resistance project as well as the context in which it is situated, and it describes the methods applied in the research process of this multilingual initiative. In doing so, this project reflects other anti-racist initiatives in the field of public history, situating itself between the intersections of Blackness, memory, religion, and resistance by marginalized groups and minorities.
- Published
- 2022
10. Perceptions of romantic partners' responses to disclosures of suicidality
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Joshua R. Pederson, Leah E. LeFebvre, and Heather A. Love
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Social Psychology ,Anthropology ,Perception ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Developmental and Educational Psychology ,Romantic partners ,Life-span and Life-course Studies ,Psychology ,Mental health ,Interpersonal theory of suicide ,media_common ,Developmental psychology - Published
- 2021
11. Disclosure and nondisclosure of suicidality to romantic partners: Understanding the decision-making process
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Leah E. LeFebvre, Heather A. Love, and Joshua R. Pederson
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Sociology and Political Science ,Social Psychology ,Communication ,05 social sciences ,Developmental and Educational Psychology ,Romantic partners ,050109 social psychology ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Decision-making ,Psychology ,Social psychology ,050105 experimental psychology - Abstract
The stigmatization of suicidal thoughts and behaviors often prevents disclosure to others, including romantic partners. Minimal research has examined the disclosure or withholding of this stigmatized identity, resulting in a lack of knowledge about the benefits or consequences of informing others. Participants ( n = 61) were recruited from Reddit and completed open-ended questions about their prior suicidal ideation and behaviors while in a romantic relationship. Responses were separated by disclosers ( n = 31) and non-disclosers ( n = 30) to romantic partners. After utilizing a thematic analysis, the Disclosure Decision-Making Model (DD-MM) was applied to the results to make sense of decision-making processes. The three primary themes (assessing information, assessing emotional capacity, and assessing the receiver) provide insight into the psychological and communicative progression as well as the differences that arise for each individual. Findings discuss theoretical adaptations, implications, and future directions.
- Published
- 2021
12. PLN-74809, an Oral, Dual-Selective αvβ6/αvβ1 Inhibitor in Phase 2 Clinical Trials for Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF), Sustainably Reduces Transforming Growth Factor Beta (TGF-β) Activity in the Lungs of Healthy Participants with Once-Daily Dosing
- Author
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G.P. Cosgrove, M. Decaris, S. Wong, E. Park, S. Turner, E. Adegbite, and E. Lefebvre
- Published
- 2022
13. PLN-74809, a Dual-Selective Inhibitor of Integrins αvβ6 and αvβ1, Shows Dose-Dependent Target Engagement in the Lungs of Patients with Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF)
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J.J. Mooney, K. Morris, S. Jacobs, E. Lefebvre, G.P. Cosgrove, S. Wong, J. Bellini, M. Jurek, S. Turner, M. Decaris, R. Jiron, B. Williams, H. Duan, R. Gunn, G. Rizzo, M. Wardak, and H.H. Guo
- Published
- 2022
14. PLN-74809, A Dual-Selective Inhibitor of αvβ6and αvβ1, Is Well Tolerated in Over 280 Healthy Participants
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G.P. Cosgrove, E. Park, J. Bellini, E. Adegbite, F. Cilli, M. Jurek, and E. Lefebvre
- Published
- 2022
15. Relational surprise experiences as a unique form of relational maintenance
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Joshua R. Pederson, Leah E. LeFebvre, and Darrin J. Griffin
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Cultural Studies ,Social Psychology ,media_common.quotation_subject ,050801 communication & media studies ,050109 social psychology ,surprise ,Destinations ,deception ,Gender Studies ,0508 media and communications ,Phenomenon ,Developmental and Educational Psychology ,Psychology ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,close relationships ,media_common ,Conceptualization ,05 social sciences ,expectancy violation ,Deception ,Romance ,BF1-990 ,relational maintenance ,Surprise ,Family member ,Anthropology ,Happiness ,Social psychology - Abstract
This study presents an initial exploration and conceptualization of relational surprise experiences (RSEs) as communication phenomenon involving strategic relational maintenance behaviors with potential for positive and negative outcomes. University students in the Southeastern United States (N = 203) described a RSE that occurred with a close relational partner (romantic partner, friend, or family member), explained how deception was used to achieve the surprise, and reported relational benefits and drawbacks in an online survey. Seven types of RSEs were reported including gifts, events, visits, and destinations. Responses revealed that people considered surprises as relationally beneficial with minimal drawbacks. Although over one-third of the participants described their partner’s pants perceived the surprise as a violation of relational rules. Some participants reported both benefits and drawbacks to RSEs, thereby illuminating a nuance for traditional relational maintenance typologies. This study establishes a path to explore implications of RSEs for individual and relational satisfaction, happiness, and well-being.
- Published
- 2020
16. The Microwave Snow Grain Size: A New Concept to Predict Satellite Observations Over Snow-Covered Regions
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G. Picard, H. Löwe, F. Domine, L. Arnaud, F. Larue, V. Favier, E. Le Meur, E. Lefebvre, J. Savarino, A. Royer, Institut des Géosciences de l’Environnement (IGE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Takuvik Joint International Laboratory ULAVAL-CNRS, Université Laval [Québec] (ULaval)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and ANR-16-CE01-0011,EAIIST,Projet International d'exploration de la calotte polaire de l'Antarctique de l'Est(2016)
- Subjects
remote sensing ,porous media ,microwave ,[SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics] ,microstructure ,General Earth and Planetary Sciences ,[SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences ,modeling ,snow - Abstract
International audience; Satellite observations of snow-covered regions in the microwave range have the potential to retrieve essential climate variables such as snow height. This requires a precise understanding of how microwave scattering is linked to snow microstructural properties (density, grain size, grain shape and arrangement). This link has so far relied on empirical adjustments of the theories, precluding the development of robust retrieval algorithms. Here we solve this problem by introducing a new microstructural parameter able to consistently predict scattering. This "microwave grain size" is demonstrated to be proportional to the measurable optical grain size and to a new factor describing the chord length dispersion in the microstructure, a geometrical property known as polydispersity. By assuming that the polydispersity depends on the snow grain type only, we retrieve its value for rounded and faceted grains by optimization of microwave satellite observations in 18 Antarctic sites, and for depth hoar in 86 Canadian sites using ground-based observations. The value for the convex grains (0.6) compares favorably to the polydispersity calculated from 3D micro-computed tomography images for alpine grains, while values for depth hoar show wider variations (1.2-1.9) and are larger in Canada than in the Alps. Nevertheless, using one value for each grain type, the microwave observations in Antarctica and in Canada can be simulated from in-situ measurements with good accuracy with a fully physical model. These findings improve snow scattering modeling, enabling future more accurate uses of satellite observations in snow hydrological and meteorological applications.
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- 2022
17. Alternative Routes to Teaching
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Elisabeth E. Lefebvre and Matthew A. M. Thomas
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- 2022
18. How concerns about former or future partners influence virtual possession management: Examining relational curation in the relational dissolution model
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Kate G. Blackburn, Nicholas Brody, and Leah E. LeFebvre
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0508 media and communications ,Communication ,05 social sciences ,050801 communication & media studies ,050109 social psychology ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Possession (law) ,Psychology ,Social psychology ,Romance - Abstract
As relational partners document their romantic relationships in mediated contexts, they must manage virtual relational possessions to determine what should be kept or deleted, particularly followin...
- Published
- 2020
19. 'Imagine All the People': Imagined Interactions in Virtual Reality When Public Speaking
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Leah E. LeFebvre, Luke LeFebvre, and Mike Allen
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Public speaking ,0508 media and communications ,05 social sciences ,050801 communication & media studies ,050109 social psychology ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Virtual reality ,Intervention treatment ,Psychology ,Social psychology ,Public speaking anxiety ,The Imaginary ,Mental image - Abstract
This study explores the relationship between public speaking anxiety (PSA) and Imaginary Interactions (IIs). Participants ( N = 17) were recruited from the multi-section departmental introductory public speaking course. Virtual reality (VR) as a potential form of II treatment for PSA blurs the reality between imagined and actual interactions. This study utilized a sequential explanatory approach to examine inferential and descriptive findings. The inferential investigation employed a four-stage design requiring participants to complete pre-test PSA and post-test assessments before and after VR simulations, exploring II functions and attributions. The follow-up descriptive analysis expanded and generated new understanding for the complexities of II through participants’ experiences using directed content analysis. Utilizing VR as an extension of IIs highlighted the rehearsal function, and variations in attributions for discrepancy and specificity between VR realism and artificial simulated perceptions. The implications suggest that VR provides students in public speaking environments a treatment mechanism that minimizes the cognitive strain to imagine the scene and setting of the situation, while simultaneously providing assistance in PSA reduction.
- Published
- 2020
20. Traitement des dermites du siège liées à l’incontinence urinaire ou anale dans un service de court séjour gériatrique : intérêt de l’utilisation d’une mousse en spray ?
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O. Berquer, E. Tourbier, G. Prempain, N. Kadri, B. Longo, E. Lefebvre, J. Vercouillie, R. Nkhali, CHU Rouen, and Normandie Université (NU)
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030207 dermatology & venereal diseases ,03 medical and health sciences ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,0302 clinical medicine ,030208 emergency & critical care medicine ,Neurology (clinical) ,Geriatrics and Gerontology ,[SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences - Abstract
Resume Les dermites du siege sont frequemment observees chez la personne âgee notamment lorsqu’elle est atteinte de troubles neurocognitifs en lien avec une prevalence accrue de troubles de la continence urinaire et/ou anale. Vue la difficulte de prise en charge de cette pathologie, l’equipe soignante d’un service de court sejour geriatrique a mis en place une etude ouverte utilisant une mousse en spray (EscarProtect®) chez 7 patients. Nous rapportons deux cas cliniques documentes montrant l’efficacite de ce produit ouvrant sur une discussion medicoeconomique en faveur d’une utilisation de ce traitement versus d’autres produits communement utilises.
- Published
- 2020
21. Ghosted?: Navigating strategies for reducing uncertainty and implications surrounding ambiguous loss
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Xiaoti Fan and Leah E. LeFebvre
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Social Psychology ,Anthropology ,Developmental and Educational Psychology ,Life-span and Life-course Studies ,Ghosting ,Psychology ,Cognitive psychology ,Ambiguous loss - Published
- 2020
22. Is the Pencil Mightier than the Keyboard? A Meta-Analysis Comparing the Method of Notetaking Outcomes
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John Bourhis, Mike Allen, Leah E. LeFebvre, and Luke LeFebvre
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business.product_category ,Communication ,05 social sciences ,050301 education ,050801 communication & media studies ,0508 media and communications ,Handwriting ,Laptop ,Meta-analysis ,Distraction ,Mathematics education ,Educational impact ,business ,Psychology ,0503 education ,Pencil (mathematics) ,College classroom - Abstract
This meta-analysis compared the educational impact of the method of notetaking in the college classroom – hand written or using electronic device. The findings involved 14 studies combining 3,075 p...
- Published
- 2020
23. Holding on and letting go: Memory, nostalgia, and effects of virtual possession management practices on post-breakup adjustment
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Leah E. LeFebvre, Nicholas Brody, and Kate G. Blackburn
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Sociology and Political Science ,Social Psychology ,Communication ,05 social sciences ,050109 social psychology ,Possession (law) ,Memory process ,Breakup ,eye diseases ,050105 experimental psychology ,Developmental and Educational Psychology ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Psychology ,Social psychology ,Management practices - Abstract
When people end their relationships, they must choose which parts of the relationship to remember and forget as they prepare themselves for future partners. This memory process is complicated by the recordability and permanence of mediated messages because individuals must actively curate their virtual possessions—such as pictures with a previous partner or online relationship statuses. Using the relational dissolution model framework, this study investigated the behaviors people use online to manage the end of their relationships and how these choices may influence the way they adjust to the breakup. College students ( N = 234) were surveyed to examine how their keeping and deleting of virtual possessions are related to their post-breakup adjustment. Results suggest that keeping virtual possessions negatively relates to post-breakup adjustment. Participants who were more nostalgic were more likely to keep virtual possessions following a breakup, which mediated the relationship between nostalgia and post-breakup adjustment. The implications show how the persistence of mediated possessions has the potential to affect the breakup process as people struggle to manage their relational memories.
- Published
- 2020
24. You did what?!: graduate teaching assistant misbehaviors in multi-section introductory communication courses
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Luke LeFebvre, Leah E. LeFebvre, and Gordana Lazić
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0508 media and communications ,Communication ,05 social sciences ,Section (typography) ,Mathematics education ,050801 communication & media studies ,050109 social psychology ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Teaching assistant ,Psychology ,Social cognitive theory - Abstract
The study explores graduate teaching assistants’ (GTAs) perceptions of misbehaviors of other GTAs across multi-section introductory communication courses. Utilizing the teacher misbehaviors’ typolo...
- Published
- 2020
25. Virtual Environment Presentations: A Qualitative Exploration of User Perceptions
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Luke LeFebvre, Leah E. LeFebvre, and Mike Allen
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Human-Computer Interaction ,Control and Systems Engineering ,Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition ,Software - Abstract
This exploratory study investigates virtual environments (VEs) as a treatment intervention for the fear of public speaking (FoPS). Prior preliminary studies indicate fear reduction following VE simulations with few investigations examining participants’ perspectives. Participants (N = 17) recruited from a public speaking course participated in a virtual reality 360° digital recording simulation that carbon copied the physical reality of their classroom and audience. Before and after immersion, participants completed open-ended responses about the simulation, pre- and post-public speaking fears, and VE public speaking experience. Using thematic analysis on the open-ended responses, researchers coded the responses to understand the communicative performance experience surrounding their VE public speaking simulation. Negative-valence emotions occurred for both presentations; however, participants expressed value in experiencing and overcoming the negative feelings. Based on the anecdotal (or clinical) findings, participants reported experiencing fears similar to those experienced in physical reality as well as emotional and behavioral interventions when engaged in the VE. Additionally, a one-year follow-up (N = 6) provided a reflective process for participants to recall their VE experience and implications beyond the physical simulation. These open-ended responses offered implications surrounding emotional reaction, real audiences, and the speechmaking process. The findings suggest mitigation of audience-related fears by the presence of the virtual audience with participants reoriented to focus on execution of speech delivery. This exploratory qualitative investigation builds toward a future of optimal strategies for using instructional technologies to improve public speaking competency.
- Published
- 2020
26. 'I Guess I’ll Never Know…': Non-Initiators Account-Making After Being Ghosted
- Author
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Ryan D. Rasner, Leah E. LeFebvre, and Mike Allen
- Subjects
High Energy Physics::Theory ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Social Psychology ,Action (philosophy) ,High Energy Physics::Lattice ,Sociology ,Pshychiatric Mental Health ,Disengagement theory ,Ghosting ,Social Sciences (miscellaneous) ,Epistemology - Abstract
Ghosting describes a popular contemporary dating disengagement strategy that abruptly ends communication using technological medium(s). For the target of ghosting, the non-initiator, the action usu...
- Published
- 2019
27. The introductory communication course from 1956 to 2016: a meta-synthesis
- Author
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Luke LeFebvre and Leah E. LeFebvre
- Subjects
Meta synthesis ,Communication ,Teaching method ,05 social sciences ,050301 education ,050801 communication & media studies ,Language and Linguistics ,Education ,Course (navigation) ,Trend analysis ,0508 media and communications ,ComputingMilieux_COMPUTERSANDEDUCATION ,Mathematics education ,Communication skills ,Psychology ,0503 education ,Discipline - Abstract
The history of the academic discipline of communication and the subsequent departments that followed are linked in some form or fashion to the evolution of the introductory communication course. Gi...
- Published
- 2019
28. 'It’s only one negative comment': women instructors’ perceptions of (un)helpful support messages following hurtful course evaluations
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Heather J. Carmack, Joshua R. Pederson, and Leah E. LeFebvre
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Medical education ,Communication ,media_common.quotation_subject ,ComputerApplications_COMPUTERSINOTHERSYSTEMS ,Social undermining ,Space (commercial competition) ,Language and Linguistics ,Education ,Course (navigation) ,Social support ,Course evaluation ,Perception ,ComputingMilieux_COMPUTERSANDEDUCATION ,Psychology ,media_common - Abstract
Course evaluations can be an effective tool for students to appraise a course and instructor; however, they can also be a communicative space for students to write comments instructors perc...
- Published
- 2019
29. Astrogliosis and compensatory neurogenesis after the first ethanol binge drinking-like exposure in the adolescent rat
- Author
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E Lefebvre, L Zabijak, Johann Antol, Ingrid Marcq, Chloé Deschamps, P Gosset, Olivier Pierrefiche, Catherine Vilpoux, Grégory Fouquet, and Mickaël Naassila
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Male ,Neurogenesis ,Synaptogenesis ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,Hippocampus ,Biology ,Toxicology ,Subgranular zone ,Binge Drinking ,Rats, Sprague-Dawley ,medicine ,Animals ,Cognitive Dysfunction ,Gliosis ,Neuroinflammation ,Neurons ,Neuronal Plasticity ,Ethanol ,Dentate gyrus ,medicine.disease ,Astrogliosis ,Rats ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,nervous system ,Synaptic plasticity ,Microglia ,Neuroscience - Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple ethanol binge drinking-like exposures during adolescence in rat induce neuroinflammation, neurogenesis loss and cognitive deficits at adulthood. Interestingly, the very first ethanol binge drinking-like exposures during adolescence also induce cognitive and synaptic plasticity impairments in the hippocampus at short term while the cellular mechanisms of these effects remain unclear. Here, we sought to determine which of the cellular effects of ethanol might play a role in cognitive and synaptic plasticity disturbances observed in adolescent male rat after only two binge-like ethanol exposures. METHODS Using immunochemistry, we determined neurogenesis, neuronal loss, astrogliosis, neuroinflammation and synaptogenesis in the hippocampus of adolescent rat 48h after two binge-like ethanol exposures (3 g/kg, i.p, 9 hours apart). Flow cytometry was used to analyze activated microglia and to identify the TLR4 expressing cell types. RESULTS Increased DCX immunoreactivity was detected in the subgranular zone (SGZ) of the dentate gyrus (DG) together with astrogliosis in the SGZ and a lower number of mature neurons in the DG and in CA3, suggesting compensatory neurogenesis. Synaptic density decreased in the stratum oriens of CA1 revealing structural plasticity. There was no change in microglial TLR4 expression nor in the number of activated microglia, suggesting a lack of neuroinflammatory processes although neuronal TLR4 was decreased in CA1 and DG. CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrate that the cognitive deficits associated with hippocampal synaptic plasticity alterations that we previously characterized 48h after the very first binge-like exposures are associated with hippocampal structural plasticity, astrogliosis and decreased neuronal TLR4 expression, but not with microglia reactivity.
- Published
- 2021
30. INTEGRIS-IPF: A 12-Week, Phase 2a Study Evaluating the Safety, Tolerability, and Pharmacokinetics of PLN-74809 in Participants with Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
- Author
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G.P. Cosgrove, E. Park, B. Coulie, M. Jurek, J. Bellini, F. Cilli, S. Wong, M. Decaris, S. Turner, and E. Lefebvre
- Published
- 2021
31. Revealing and Receiving Sexual Health Information
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Leah E. LeFebvre, Tina A. Coffelt, and Raeann Ritland
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Health (social science) ,Sexual Behavior ,media_common.quotation_subject ,MEDLINE ,050801 communication & media studies ,Disclosure ,Style (sociolinguistics) ,03 medical and health sciences ,0508 media and communications ,Surveys and Questionnaires ,Humans ,Quality (business) ,media_common ,Reproductive health ,Linkage (software) ,030505 public health ,Descriptive statistics ,business.industry ,Communication ,05 social sciences ,Privacy management ,Content analysis ,ComputingMilieux_COMPUTERSANDSOCIETY ,Sexual Health ,InformationSystems_MISCELLANEOUS ,0305 other medical science ,business ,Psychology ,Social psychology - Abstract
This investigation applies communication privacy management theory to examine sexual health disclosures from the perspectives of disclosers and confidants. A Qualtrics survey distributed through Amazon Mechanical Turk yielded 161 participants who disclosed sexual health information to a partner and 130 who received a disclosure. Accounts of the conversations were analyzed with content analysis to describe the linkage rules of the disclosures. Motivation to reveal or conceal, risks and benefits, and gender hypotheses and research questions were ascertained using descriptive statistics and tests of difference. Linkage rules for the majority of participants indicate that disclosures are made in a straightforward style before a sexual episode or on the day of diagnosis. Disclosures were perceived to be of above average quality and resulted in increased relational closeness. Tentative results suggest there may be disclosure differences based on privacy orientation. There were no significant differences based on type of diagnosis or gender.
- Published
- 2019
32. Metamorphosis of Public Speaking Anxiety: Student Fear Transformation Throughout the Introductory Communication Course
- Author
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Marjorie M. Buckner, Darrin J. Griffin, Luke LeFebvre, Leah E. LeFebvre, and Mike Allen
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Self-efficacy ,Communication ,05 social sciences ,050801 communication & media studies ,050109 social psychology ,Communication apprehension ,urologic and male genital diseases ,Transformation (music) ,Course (navigation) ,Public speaking ,0508 media and communications ,Mathematics education ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Touchpoint ,Psychology ,Public speaking anxiety - Abstract
Addressing student public speaking anxiety (PSA) through an introductory speaking course is a fundamental pedagogical touchpoint. The current study replicates and extends PSA research by seeking to...
- Published
- 2019
33. Account-Making Following Relationship Dissolution: Exploring Sex as a Moderator in Public and Private Breakup Accounts
- Author
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Kate G. Blackburn, Nicholas Brody, and Leah E. LeFebvre
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Linguistics and Language ,Vocabulary ,Communication ,media_common.quotation_subject ,05 social sciences ,050301 education ,Breakup ,Moderation ,humanities ,050105 experimental psychology ,Language and Linguistics ,Interpersonal relationship ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Word use ,Psychology ,0503 education ,Social psychology ,media_common - Abstract
This study examines sex differences in emotion word use in retrospective private and public relationship dissolution accounts through two studies. Study 1 (n = 423) found men’s use of negative emot...
- Published
- 2019
34. Catching feelings: Exploring commitment (un)readiness in emerging adulthood
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Leah E. LeFebvre and Heather J. Carmack
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Sociology and Political Science ,Social Psychology ,Communication ,media_common.quotation_subject ,05 social sciences ,Stage of change ,Receptivity ,Exploratory research ,050109 social psychology ,Developmental psychology ,Feeling ,Developmental and Educational Psychology ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Psychology ,050104 developmental & child psychology ,media_common - Abstract
This exploratory study investigates how emerging adults (EAs) experience catching feelings. Applying the Stages of Change Model and Relational Receptivity Theory, this study investigates how EAs understand the cognitive and behavior changes leading up to commitment and how they process precontemplation surrounding catching feelings. Using focus group interviews, collegiate EAs ( N = 17) define catching feelings as the unintentional, unexpected, and surprisingly desirable development of romantic feelings for another person (commonly beginning face-to-face). When confronted with catching feelings, EAs must delineate their preconditions for catching feelings and work through decision-making processes. Implications for relationship readiness, communication, and commitment are discussed.
- Published
- 2019
35. Argumentative communication in cooperative learning groups: Members’ use of evidence and non-evidence
- Author
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Leah E. LeFebvre, Gamze Yilmaz, Luke LeFebvre, and Mike Allen
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Cooperative learning ,Argumentative ,genetic structures ,Group (mathematics) ,Communication ,Teaching method ,05 social sciences ,050801 communication & media studies ,Group dynamic ,Education ,0508 media and communications ,0502 economics and business ,Communication skills ,Psychology ,Social psychology ,050203 business & management - Abstract
This study examined how group members with differential levels (highest, middle, and lowest) of ability contributed to argumentative communication while facilitating a cooperative learning ...
- Published
- 2019
36. 'Walking on eggshells': traversing the emotional and meaning making processes surrounding hurtful course evaluations
- Author
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Heather J. Carmack and Leah E. LeFebvre
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Communication ,05 social sciences ,050301 education ,050801 communication & media studies ,Constructive ,Language and Linguistics ,Education ,Course (navigation) ,0508 media and communications ,Course evaluation ,ComputingMilieux_COMPUTERSANDEDUCATION ,Meaning-making ,Psychology ,0503 education ,Cognitive psychology - Abstract
Instructors often struggle with how to make sense of and handle hurtful student course evaluation comments. These comments can be difficult to resolve when they move from constructive course critic...
- Published
- 2019
37. Ghosting in Emerging Adults’ Romantic Relationships: The Digital Dissolution Disappearance Strategy
- Author
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Shelby Garstad, Callie Parrish, Mike Allen, Ryan D. Rasner, Aleksander Wilms, and Leah E. LeFebvre
- Subjects
Mechanical Engineering ,05 social sciences ,Mediated communication ,Energy Engineering and Power Technology ,050109 social psychology ,Interpersonal communication ,Management Science and Operations Research ,Romance ,050105 experimental psychology ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Ghosting ,Psychology ,Social psychology ,Qualitative research - Abstract
The purpose of this study is to examine relational dissolution using the technique of ghosting. This qualitative study explores the emerging adults’ dissolution strategies leading up to and through...
- Published
- 2019
38. Remembering the voice: Exploring information and sentiment in voicemail archival practices
- Author
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Leah E. LeFebvre and Brad A. Haggadone
- Subjects
Computer Networks and Communications ,Communication ,05 social sciences ,Media studies ,Voicemail ,050109 social psychology ,Temporality ,050105 experimental psychology ,Grounded theory ,law.invention ,law ,Rumination ,Media Technology ,medicine ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,medicine.symptom ,Psychology - Abstract
This study examines preservation of voicemail artifacts. Applying an exploratory approach through grounded theory, participants ( N = 52) from Amazon’s Mechanical Turk provided common reasons for retaining voicemail artifacts. Results highlighted why participants retained or deleted general and specific voicemails. Five categories, past-focused, important, future-focused, sentimental, and neglectful, represented retaining reasons. The oldest and most important artifacts represented sentimental messages. Three categories, past-focused, technological affordance, and unremarkable or undesirable calls, represented reasons for deletion. Voicemails are paralleled to mass and interpersonal communication and implications make connections between information retention, temporality, and interpersonal memorialization. Findings indicate that asynchronous communication exchanges and relics, such as voicemails, offer linkages to and reverberations of old and emerging technologies.
- Published
- 2018
39. Communication centers at colleges and universities: Transitioning from a course resource to an institutional resource
- Author
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Leah E. LeFebvre, Luke LeFebvre, and Dale Anderson
- Subjects
Medical education ,Operationalization ,Descriptive statistics ,Higher education ,business.industry ,Communication ,05 social sciences ,050801 communication & media studies ,Education ,Public speaking ,0508 media and communications ,Resource (project management) ,Political science ,0502 economics and business ,Communication skills ,business ,050203 business & management - Abstract
This study examined the current operationalization of communication centers. Surveying center directors (N = 47), day-to-day operations were analyzed through descriptive statistics and them...
- Published
- 2018
40. Dietary restrictions for people with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency
- Author
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Samuel Benrejeb Godefroy, David E. Lefebvre, Ahmad Firas Khalid, Matthew R Decan, and Sebastien La Vieille
- Subjects
Drug ,Hemolytic anemia ,food.ingredient ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Food consumption ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,Physiology ,Dietary restrictions ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,Hemolysis ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,food ,Fava Beans ,hemic and lymphatic diseases ,030225 pediatrics ,Animals ,Humans ,Medicine ,media_common ,Nutrition and Dietetics ,business.industry ,Food additive ,digestive, oral, and skin physiology ,medicine.disease ,Vicia faba ,Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency ,Food ,business ,Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency - Abstract
Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is the most common enzyme deficiency in the world and renders those affected susceptible to potentially severe oxidative hemolysis. Although the resulting hemolysis is most often associated with drug exposure, it has also been reported after consumption of certain foods. With the exception of review articles that reiterated the historical knowledge that fava beans can provoke severe oxidative hemolysis in individuals with G6PD deficiency, very few articles have examined the safety of other food ingredients and food additives for people with G6PD deficiency. Some articles that associated specific foods with hemolysis appeared to be speculative and based on limited information. The objective of this review was to examine the association between foods, including food additives, and the triggering factors of acute hemolysis. The literature was searched for studies and case reports on food consumption and G6PD deficiency. In this review, fava beans were found to be the only food for which there is conclusive clinical evidence linking the risk of hemolytic anemia to individuals with G6PD deficiency. Food additives, at their permitted level of use in North America, can be consumed safely by most patients with G6PD deficiency.
- Published
- 2018
41. PLN-74809, A Dual αVβ6/αVβ1, Oral, Selective Integrin Inhibitor, Is Well Tolerated and Reduces Lung TGF-β Activity in Healthy Volunteers
- Author
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I. Lepist, S. Wong, S. Turner, E. Gorina, K. Leftheris, E. Lefebvre, J. Cha, M. Decaris, and E. Park
- Subjects
Lung ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,biology ,business.industry ,Healthy volunteers ,Integrin ,biology.protein ,Medicine ,Pharmacology ,business ,Transforming growth factor - Published
- 2020
42. Social context increases ultrasonic vocalizations during restraint in adult mice
- Author
-
Sylvie Granon, E. Lefebvre, Frédéric Chauveau, Institut des Neurosciences Paris-Saclay (NeuroPSI), Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Département Neurosciences et Contraintes Opérationnelles, Unité de Neurophysiologie du Stress, 92123 Brétignysur- Orge cedex, France (IRBA), and Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Département Neurosciences et Contraintes Opérationnelles, Unité de Neurophysiologie du Stress
- Subjects
Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,[SDV.NEU.NB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Neurobiology ,Emotions ,Experimental and Cognitive Psychology ,Audiology ,Restraint ,Social Environment ,Social interaction ,Arousal ,03 medical and health sciences ,Call rate ,Mice ,0302 clinical medicine ,medicine ,Animals ,Ultrasonics ,Social isolation ,Free moving ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,030304 developmental biology ,0303 health sciences ,Social communication ,[SDV.NEU.PC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Psychology and behavior ,Ultrasonic vocalization ,Social environment ,[SDV.NEU.SC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Cognitive Sciences ,Social relation ,Social Isolation ,medicine.symptom ,Vocalization, Animal ,Psychology ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Social motivation - Abstract
International audience; Adult mice emit many ultrasonic vocalizations (USVs) during social interaction tasks, but only a few studies have yet reported USVs in stressed adult mice. Our aim was to study which experimental conditions favor USV emission during behaviors associated with different emotional states. As USVs likely mediate social communication, we hypothesized that temporary social isolation followed by exposure to a novel social congener would promote USV emission. USVs were recorded in three different behavioral paradigms: restraint, free moving in a new environment, and during a social interaction task. We compared USV emission, with or without the presence of a social congener, in animals socially isolated during different periods (0, 6 or 21 days). Social isolation decreased the number of USVs during free moving, whereas it increased during restraint. During the social interaction task, animals produced high-frequency USVs (median: 72.6 kHz, 25-75% range: 67.6-78.2 kHz), especially when the social partner was active and social motivation was high. During restraint, presence of a social congener increased the call rate of low-frequency USVs (median: 52.4 kHz, 25-75% range: 44.8-56.5 kHz). USV frequency followed two unimodal distributions that distinguished low-frequency USVs (≤ 60 kHz) mainly emitted during free-moving (90.9% of total USVs) and restraint (93.1%) conditions, from high-frequency USVs (> 60 kHz) mainly emitted during the social interaction task (85.1% of total USVs). The present study confirms that USV call rate and frequency depend on behavioral states, and provides evidence that the presence of a congener promotes ultrasonic vocalizations in restrained adult mice.
- Published
- 2020
43. Improved Representation of Clouds in the Atmospheric Component LMDZ6A of the IPSL-CM6A Earth System Model
- Author
-
Madeleine, J.-B. Hourdin, F. Grandpeix, J.-Y. Rio, C. Dufresne, J.-L. Vignon, E. Boucher, O. Konsta, D. Cheruy, F. Musat, I. Idelkadi, A. Fairhead, L. Millour, E. Lefebvre, M.-P. Mellul, L. Rochetin, N. Lemonnier, F. Touzé-Peiffer, L. Bonazzola, M.
- Subjects
Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics - Abstract
The cloud parameterizations of the LMDZ6A climate model (the atmospheric component of the IPSL-CM6 Earth system model) are entirely described, and the global cloud distribution and cloud radiative effects are evaluated against the CALIPSO-CloudSat and CERES observations. The cloud parameterizations in recent versions of LMDZ favor an object-oriented approach for convection, with two distinct parameterizations for shallow and deep convection and a coupling between convection and cloud description through the specification of the subgrid-scale distribution of water. Compared to the previous version of the model (LMDZ5A), LMDZ6A better represents the low-level cloud distribution in the tropical belt, and low-level cloud reflectance and cover are closer to the PARASOL and CALIPSO-GOCCP observations. Mid-level clouds, which were mostly missing in LMDZ5A, are now better represented globally. The distribution of cloud liquid and ice in mixed-phase clouds is also in better agreement with the observations. Among identified deficiencies, low-level cloud covers are too high in mid-latitude to high-latitude regions, and high-level cloud covers are biased low globally. However, the cloud global distribution is significantly improved, and progress has been made in the tuning of the model, resulting in a radiative balance in close agreement with the CERES observations. Improved tuning also revealed structural biases in LMDZ6A, which are currently being addressed through a series of new physical and radiative parameterizations for the next version of LMDZ. ©2020. The Authors.
- Published
- 2020
44. A reproductive and developmental screening study of the fungal toxin ochratoxin A in Fischer rats
- Author
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Jayadev Raju, Laurie Coady, David E. Lefebvre, Virginia Liston, Nikia Ross, Keri Kwong, Don Caldwell, Stephen Hayward, Anne Marie Gannon, Peter Pantazopoulos, Ivan Curran, and Genevieve S. Bondy
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Ochratoxin A ,Offspring ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Administration, Oral ,Weanling ,Biology ,Toxicology ,Microbiology ,Nephrotoxicity ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0404 agricultural biotechnology ,Animal science ,Pregnancy ,Lactation ,medicine ,Animals ,Renal Insufficiency ,media_common ,Poisoning ,Abnormalities, Drug-Induced ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,Ochratoxins ,040401 food science ,Rats, Inbred F344 ,Pregnancy Complications ,Disease Models, Animal ,Teratogens ,030104 developmental biology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,chemistry ,Toxicity ,Gestation ,Female ,Reproduction ,Biotechnology - Abstract
The presence of the mycotoxin ochratoxin A (OTA) in cereal grains is due to the growth of toxigenic Penicillium mold on stored crops. Human exposure to OTA is higher in infants, toddlers, and children than in adolescents and adults, based on exposure assessments of ng OTA consumed/kg body weight/day. Ochratoxin A is nephrotoxic and teratogenic in animals, but its effects on juveniles exposed during the reproduction and development period have not been studied. To address this, Fischer rats were exposed to 0, 0.16, 0.4, 1.0, or 2.5 mg OTA/kg diet throughout breeding, gestation, and lactation and its adverse effects were assessed in adult rats and their offspring on postnatal day (PND) 21. There were no effects on implantation but post-implantation fetotoxicity was observed in the 2.5 mg/kg dose group, corresponding to a calculated dose of 167.0 μg/kg bw/day in dams. Adverse effects on body and kidney weights and on clinical parameters indicative of renal toxicity were significant in adult rats exposed to 1.0 mg OTA/kg diet (55.2 and 73.3 μg/kg bw/day in adult males and females, respectively) and in PND21 rats at the 0.4 mg/kg dose (33.9 μg/kg bw/day in dams), suggesting that weanling rats were more sensitive to OTA than adults. Overall, nephrotoxicity was the primary effect of OTA in weanling rats exposed throughout gestation and lactation at sub-fetotoxic concentrations in diet.
- Published
- 2018
45. Training the butterflies to fly in formation: cataloguing student fears about public speaking
- Author
-
Mike Allen, Leah E. LeFebvre, and Luke LeFebvre
- Subjects
Self-efficacy ,Medical education ,Communication ,05 social sciences ,Self-concept ,050801 communication & media studies ,050109 social psychology ,Language and Linguistics ,Education ,Public speaking ,Nonverbal communication ,0508 media and communications ,Social cognition ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Psychology ,Competence (human resources) ,Audience response ,Qualitative research - Abstract
This study catalogues student (N = 828) self-described fears related to public speaking. Specifically, this investigation adds to the knowledge of public speaking anxiety through an initial inductive analysis of students’ fears about public speaking and a second analysis (of different data) to authenticate emergent categories. Resulting categories included both internal and external fears about public speaking, providing meaningful implications for teaching and learning within the introductory communication course.
- Published
- 2018
46. Fluctuation in on‐again/off‐again romantic relationships: Foreboding or functional?
- Author
-
Brittani Crook, Nicholas Brody, Leah E. LeFebvre, and René M. Dailey
- Subjects
Social Psychology ,05 social sciences ,050801 communication & media studies ,050109 social psychology ,Romance ,0508 media and communications ,Negatively associated ,Anthropology ,Relationship Type ,Developmental and Educational Psychology ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Life-span and Life-course Studies ,Psychology ,Social psychology - Abstract
This study explored how fluctuations in satisfaction and perceived partner commitment were associated with stability measures (e.g., commitment, perceived stability, relational uncertainty, turbulence) in both on-again/off-again and noncyclical relationships. Participants completed an initial survey, 8 weekly surveys, and a final survey. Results suggest fluctuation in perceived partner commitment across the weekly surveys was associated with all measures of stability when moderated by relationship type; fluctuation was negatively associated with the stability measures for noncyclical relationships but positively for on–off relationships. For fluctuation in satisfaction, this same pattern was found for commitment only. Overall, fluctuation, particularly in perceived partner commitment, was not viewed as disruptive for on–off partners; rather, fluctuation appeared to foster more steady and viable views of the relationship.
- Published
- 2017
47. 'The eye in the sky doesn’t lie': Video replay and self-evaluations as part of the basic communication course
- Author
-
Leah E. LeFebvre and Luke LeFebvre
- Subjects
Communication ,05 social sciences ,050301 education ,050801 communication & media studies ,Education ,Course (navigation) ,0508 media and communications ,Self evaluation ,Mathematics education ,College instruction ,Video technology ,Psychology ,0503 education ,Curriculum - Abstract
This study explores extent and frequency of conventional practices in the basic communication course: speeches, video replay, and self-evaluations from 45 basic course directors and instructors. Results indicated three to four speeches per curriculum, with two prominent speech types: informative (97.8%) and persuasive (91.1%). Approximately 76% of curriculums used video replay. Self-evaluation questions (N = 254) used 52.8% open, 40.6% closed, 21.9% circular, and 21.9% strategic questions. Most frequently used questions focused on: delivery (12.1%), content (10.6%), or delivery and content (11.1%). Findings suggest pedagogical practices vary across the discipline, and the discussion offers practical applications for improving practices.
- Published
- 2017
48. A one-generation reproductive toxicity study of the mycotoxin ochratoxin A in Fischer rats
- Author
-
D. Caldwell, C. Maurice, F. Marchetti, Peter Pantazopoulos, S. Bugiel, K. Kwong, Cheryl Armstrong, I.H.C. Curran, Anne Marie Gannon, Genevieve S. Bondy, Christine Bourque, Nikia Ross, Laurie Coady, and David E. Lefebvre
- Subjects
Male ,Ochratoxin A ,Delayed puberty ,Offspring ,Physiology ,Ovary ,Biology ,Toxicology ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Ovarian Follicle ,Pregnancy ,medicine ,Animals ,Weaning ,Ochratoxin ,Infertility, Male ,Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ,General Medicine ,Calcium Channel Blockers ,Ochratoxins ,Rats, Inbred F344 ,Teratology ,Animals, Suckling ,Rats ,Blastocyst ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,chemistry ,Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects ,Sperm Motility ,Female ,Kidney Diseases ,medicine.symptom ,Reproductive toxicity ,Infertility, Female ,Food Science - Abstract
Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a mycotoxin produced by Aspergillus and Penicillium molds. Grain-based foods account for most human dietary exposures to OTA. OTA is a teratogen, but its reproductive and developmental effects are poorly understood. A one-generation reproductive toxicity study was conducted with groups of 16 male and 16 female Fischer rats exposed to 0, 0.026, 0.064, 0.16, 0.4 or 1.0 mg OTA/kg in diet. Dams exposed to 1.0 mg OTA/kg diet had statistically significant F1 pup losses between implantation and postnatal day (PND 4). Delays in preputial separation (PPS) and vaginal opening (VO) were indicative of delayed puberty in F1 rats. Mild renal lesions in nursing pups indicated that exposure prior to weaning impacted the kidneys. The developing kidney was more susceptible to OTA than the adult kidney. Significant increases in multi-oocyte follicles (MOFs) and proportional changes in resting and growing follicles were observed in F1 female ovaries. Plasma testosterone was reduced in F0 males, and there were negative effects on sperm quality in F0 and F1 male rats. The results confirm that continuous dietary exposure to OTA causes post-implantation fetotoxicity in dams, and renal and reproductive toxicity in their male and female offspring.
- Published
- 2021
49. Immune responses during single and repeated murine endotracheal exposures of zinc oxide nanoparticles
- Author
-
David E. Lefebvre, Azam F. Tayabali, Yan Zhang, Kathy C. Nguyen, Jason H. Fine, and Don Caldwell
- Subjects
Materials science ,Materials Science (miscellaneous) ,Monocyte ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Interleukin ,Inflammation ,02 engineering and technology ,010501 environmental sciences ,Pharmacology ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,01 natural sciences ,Immune system ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,In vivo ,Nanotoxicology ,Immunology ,medicine ,Macrophage ,medicine.symptom ,0210 nano-technology ,Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality ,Safety Research ,Macrophage inflammatory protein ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences - Abstract
The increasing use of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) has raised concerns about their human health and environmental risks. Towards understanding their potential hazard, we investigated the in vivo responses of two commercially available ZnO-NPs, which have been designated as representative of manufactured materials and are used in sunscreen formulations. One such commercial sunscreen product had a zinc concentration of 10.0 ± 2.6 wt%, and the average particle dimension measured by transmission electron microscopy was 112 ± 64 nm. In comparison, ZnO-NP pristine materials appeared similar to that observed in the sunscreen, with agglomerated elongated, needle-like or prismatic structures. Healthy male BALB/c mice were exposed to either coated or uncoated pristine ZnO-NPs by endotracheal instillation with a single dose (5 μg/mouse) or with repeated doses (5 μg/mouse/week for 4 weeks). Histological examination indicated that single exposures caused some pulmonary inflammation. This was confirmed by elevated levels of pulmonary granulocytes, as well as macrophage and natural killer (NK) cells. These changes were accompanied by leukopenia and lymphopenia in the blood. After a month of weekly repeated exposures, a drop in mean body mass was observed. Pulmonary T-helper cells, NK cells, epithelial cells, and especially macrophage were elevated. Both acute and repeated exposures resulted in induction of pulmonary interleukin (IL)-6, keratinocyte chemoattractant (KC), monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)-1 and macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1α. These results demonstrate that both coated and uncoated ZnO-NPs can induce pulmonary inflammation, but that the uncoated NPs generated a stronger immune response. The acute response was macrophage and neutrophil-mediated, but repeated exposures resulted in a macrophage-dominant and possibly adaptive immunological response.
- Published
- 2017
50. Swiping me off my feet
- Author
-
Leah E. LeFebvre
- Subjects
Psychoanalysis ,Sociology and Political Science ,Social Psychology ,Communication ,Tinder ,05 social sciences ,050801 communication & media studies ,050109 social psychology ,Romance ,0508 media and communications ,Developmental and Educational Psychology ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Psychology ,Social psychology - Abstract
Tinder, a mobile dating application (app), facilitates the initiation of new, potentially romantic relationships and promotes itself as a social discovery platform dominating the U.S. with 1.4 billion swipes per day. This exploratory study investigates how people engage in relationship initiation behaviors through Tinder and highlights how interpersonal relationship initiation, selection processes, and strategic pre-interaction behaviors are evolving through contemporary-mediated dating culture. Participants ( N = 395) were recruited from Amazon’s Mechanical Turk to complete an online survey about their Tinder usage. The study employed descriptive statistics and thematic analysis to analyze reasons for selecting and deleting Tinder, pre-interaction processes, swiping strategies, and Tinder hookup culture. The prevalent view that Tinder is a sex, or hookup app, remains salient among users; although, many users utilize Tinder for creating other interpersonal communication connections and relationships, both romantic and platonic. Initially, Tinder users gather information to identify their preferences. Their strategies show clear implications for explicating the relationship development model and associated information pursuing strategies. Overall, this study argues that new emergent technologies are changing how interpersonal relationship initiation functions; the traditional face-to-face relationship development models and initiation conceptualizations should be modified to include the introduction of the pre-interaction processes apparent in mobile dating applications such as Tinder.
- Published
- 2017
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