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In recent years, the implementation of machine learning applications started to apply in other possible fields, such as economics, especially investment. But, many methods and modeling are used without knowing the most suitable one for predicting particular data. This study aims to find the most suitable model for predicting stock prices using statistical learning with RNN, LSTM, and GRU deep learning methods using stock price data for 4 (four) major banks in Indonesia, namely BRI, BNI, BCA, and Mandiri, from 2013 to 2022. The result showed that the ARIMA Box-Jenkins modeling is unsuitable for predicting BRI, BNI, BCA, and Bank Mandiri stock prices. In comparison, GRU presented the best performance in the case of predicting the stock prices of BRI, BNI, BCA, and Bank Mandiri.

Economic development is one of the essential pillars for the attainment of people’s wellbeing. Indonesia is one of the largest migrant worker contributors in southeast Asia, where East Java is its biggest supplier. However, the high number of migrant workers and the improving economic condition in the province are followed by the increasing number of divorce cases, which are interesting to study further. It has been widely believed that the driver for people to become migrant workers is the hope of having better economic opportunities. In fact, following the attainment, they have problems with their marriage, which lead to divorce. The objective of his research is to identify the effect of emigration and socio-demographic condition on divorce rate and economic level in East Java. The multiple linear regression and probit model analyses have led to findings that emigration positively and significantly affect divorce cases in East Java, that emigration does not significantly influence the economic status of the migrant workers, that divorce does not influence the economic gains of the workers in the short run, and that migrant workers who are older, male, and better in education have a significant influence on the income increase of migrant workers in East Java.

The policy of the electronification of regional payment transactions (ERPT) is one of the innovations implemented by Indonesia due to the COVID-19 pandemic so as to increase the economic activity and revenue. This study is aimed at increasing the understanding of smart governance, the contactless economy, and regional income in North Sumatra Province, Indonesia, and globally the new normal and the post-COVID-19 eras. This research study was carried out using the primary data obtained through questionnaires in 2021 applying the purposive sampling method and processed using the Structural Equation Model-Partial Least Square (SEM-PLS) models. Based on the six hypotheses proposed in this study, the results show that performance expectancy, the social influence, and the facilitating condition have a positive and significant impact on the behavioral use of the noncash payment transactions of taxes and levies in North Sumatra Province. On the other hand, the effort expectancy has no significant impact on the cashless transaction of paying taxes and levies in the North Sumatra Province.

Banyuwangi Regency is one city in Indonesia with a high potential in the tourism sector and is famous for its main attraction, Ijen Crater National Park or more known as Ijen Crater. In 2019, this destination was appointed as the center of the tourism cluster area by utilizing local potential to support regional economic growth. This research was conducted to determine the tourism clusters’ role in supporting the creative economy by applying technology 4.0 in Banyuwangi Regency. The result showed that the tourism cluster policy application positively encourages local communities to be more creative and innovate, like creating new SME featured products by utilizing the existing biodiversity and local wisdom nearby. Unfortunately, the development of the creative industry business in the Kawah Ijen cluster have some obstacles, caused by social, financial, and infrastructure factors. To overcome that obstacle, this research also tries to provide recommendation policy suggestions in the form of local community inventions that integrate local community institutions and technology 4.0 to overcome the negative impact. The related stakeholder can create a digital-based ecosystem to motivate local people to continue being innovative and creative.

This study aims to determine the level of readiness of the Batik Tulis Small and Medium Industry in Sidoarjo district in implementing One Village One Product (OVOP) by mapping the assessment criteria based on the Internal Factor Evaluation ( IFE) and External Factor Evaluation ( EFE) matrices, as a first step in conducting analysis using the Strengths, Weakness, Opportunities, and Threats (SWOT) method. OVOP is a way to develop the potential of an area that was pioneered by Dr. Morihiko Hiramatsu has succeeded in alleviating poverty in Japan's Oita Prefecture through the Japan External Trade Organization (JETRO) by motivating the economies of several developing countries albeit under different names . Base on the identification of the performance of 30 small and medium industries (SMI) spread across 5 batik centers, it can be seen that the level of readiness is 81%. The results of the 82 evaluation criteria means that the product quality is good and has been classified as 4 star even though the marketing area is only in the country. So that the value still needs to be increased on several indicators (A). Aspects of Production, Product and Community Development, (B). Marketing Aspects and Product History, (C). Aspects of Product Type, Quality, and Market Opportunities. Of the 25 indicators of OVOP product assessment for the batik category, when mapped in the IFE matrix, 8 are seen as strengths and 4 of weakness, while in the EFE matrix, 7 of opportunity and 6 of threats are seen.

Bromo Tengger Semeru National Park (BTSNP) is one of the conservation areas in Indonesian that functions as a protected area, a biosphere reserve area, and a tourism destination. The research was conducted to determine the BTSNP sustainable competitiveness potential as a tourism destination as well as conservation area. This research used secondary data obtained from the TripAdvisor site in 2018 and primary data obtained through interviews, FGD, documentation, and observation. The data was analyzed by using a sentiment analysis approach based on the Travel and Tourism Competitiveness Index (TTCI) concept. The result showed that BTSNP’s sustainable competitiveness was most negatively influenced by tourism policy and environmental conditions. To overcome those of negative impacts, the related stakeholders need to apply more suitable policies based on natural and social condition of BTSNP, such as biosphere reserve and local tourism clustering-based policy. The purpose of developing a new local tourism attraction (clustering) in BTSNP was to overcome waste and excess tourist capacity in the BTSNP protected area. The clustering also aims to maximize local tourism development strategies based on the biosphere reserve concept in the BTSNP area. So, the policies related to biosphere reserve and tourism clustering can effectively increase sustainable competitiveness ecotourism in BTSNP.

This study aims to examine the influence of ownership of non-farm enterprises by households on child participation in a secondary school in Indonesia; this area of research has received scant attention in recent times. This paper uses the Indonesia Family Life Survey (IFLS) data set that contains different levels of data, ranging from individual-level data to community-level data for the analysis. Using a binomial logistic regression model, this study finds that the ownership of non-farm enterprises generally increases the likelihood of children's participation in secondary education, especially senior high school. Further estimation using propensity score matching demonstrates that households with non-farm enterprises tend to have higher spending on school expenses than those that do not have non-farm enterprises.

Local economic development in Indonesia is still quite minimal, requiring new policies and strategies such as the creative economy. This study analyzes the influence of the creative economy as represented by the concentration of the creative class and its supporting factors on local economic development. Using panel data from Barekraf / BPS statistics for 2011-2015, the results show that the concentration of the creative working class has a significant impact on local economic development including supporting factor such as proportion graduated high educated, electrification ratio and internet coverage ratio. These findings indicate that the creative working class can encourage the growth of local economic development in a region.

This research was conducted at the Small and Medium Industry (IKM) of batik in the district of Sidoarjo, which is one of 15 districts in East Java who chose One Village One Product (OVOP) as strategies increase the power of competitiveness. There are many problems with SME batik ranging from resources, production processes to product sales, which affect the chosen competitiveness strategy. The respondents were entrepreneurs, the office of SMEs, the Ministry of Industry and Trade, the sub-district, and the village. This research aims to identify the inhibiting factors of increasing competitiveness in the small and medium batik industry in the district of Sidoarjo. The data collection process uses a questionnaire compiled with the Green Innovation approach with five main variables, Green Resource, Green Process, Green Product, Green Innovation, and Competitive Advantage. Green Innovation is a process of continuous innovation that considers the integration of the environment, finance, social systems in the company from the stage of ideas through research and development and commercialization that affect new products, services, technology, business, and organizational models. Determination of alternatives and strategy analysis using the Interpretative Structural Modeling (ISM) approach is a method that uses the opinions of experts on the questionnaire that has been distributed. Based on the analysis results, 14 inhibiting factors and six priority levels were obtained, with the highest value of the power driver in the training and outreach factor (10) as the main inhibiting factor in increasing competitiveness. Therefore, it requires the involvement of all parties related to the batik SMEs to improve their competitiveness and the strategies they choose.

The Pattern of Food Consumption Based on HDI in East Java The objectives of this article are (1) to analyze the influence of socio economic characteristics in influencing patterns of food consumption by HDI and (2) Analyze demand responses (elasticity) of East Java household to food prices and income changes. Linear Approximation Almost Ideal Demand System (LA/AIDS) and elasticity are used to answer the objectives by using microdata Susenas 2016. The result indicates that generally, socio economic characteristics contribute substantially in determining household food consumption patterns and based on their elasticity values, food commodities in East Java are price inelastic and more responsive to income changes. Keywords: Consumption Patterns; Demand Systems; LA/AIDS; East Java Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) menganalisis pengaruh karakteristik sosial ekonomi berdasarkan status IPM daerah terhadap pola konsumsi pangan rumah tangga dan (2) menganalisis elastisitas konsumsi pangan di Jawa Timur sebagai respons atas perubahan harga dan pendapatan. Model sistem permintaan Linear Approximation Almost Ideal Demand System (LA/AIDS) dan konsep elastisitas digunakan untuk menjawab tujuan tersebut dengan menggunakan data mikro Susenas 2016. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara umum, karakteristik sosial ekonomi memiliki andil yang besar dalam menentukan pola konsumsi pangan rumah tangga dan berdasarkan nilai elastisitasnya, komoditas pangan di Jawa Timur bersifat inelastis terhadap harga dan lebih responsif terhadap perubahan pendapatan.

The study examines the relationship between foreign direct investment (FDI) and gross domestic product (GDP) for ASEAN-5 countries between periods 1980 to 2014. The study uses a Toda-Yamamoto granger causality model to test the causality between the FDI and the GDP. The results show that the ASEAN countries are differently in responding the impacts of FDI to the GDP.

The study examines the relationship between foreign direct investment (FDI) and gross domestic product (GDP) for ASEAN-5 countries between periods 1980 to 2014. The study uses a Toda-Yamamoto granger causality model to test the causality between the FDI and the GDP. The results show that the ASEAN countries are differently in responding the impacts of FDI to the GDP.

We examine the informal contractual relationships formed by artisanal fishers (AFs) and intermediaries in the small-scale tuna-fishing economies of East Java, Indonesia, using data from a survey of 436 boat captains. Our exploration of the factors motivating AFs to engage in such contracts uses instrumental-variable probit regressions to control for endogeneity in our transaction-cost economics model. This model incorporates the importance of household characteristics, transaction characteristics, transaction costs, risk behaviour, and trust in the choice of contract between AFs and their intermediaries. These intermediaries play an important role in facilitating transactions and contractual relationships between AFs and processors in the marketing value chain. We find that social capital is a statistically significant instrumental variable in our model. We also find that risk behaviour and trust are not statistically significant in influencing the choice of governance structure.

Fenomena unik terkait kontrak informal yang terjadi di Sentra industri brem yaitu produsen besar yang telah menguasai pasar dapat menentukan arah pasar sesuai keinginan. Akibatnya banyak produsen kecil gulung tikar karena adanya persaingan tidak sehat dengan harga yang berlaku. Disisi lain, produsen besar dapat melebarkan sayap dengan melakukan kontrak informal bersama distributor dan agen. Dalam kontrak, distributor memiliki peran yang besar dalam memasarkan produk brem sehingga dapat menerima hasil produksi brem hingga beberapa produsen dengan harga ditetapkan. Oleh karenanya, penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui proses terbentuknya struktur pasar dalam hubungan kontrak informal antar pelaku usaha. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa berdasarkan hasil telusur terdapat praktik oligopoli dan oligopsoni dalam proses pemasaran brem tersebut sehingga mengakibatkan inefisiensi bagi pelaku usaha yang terlibat dalam kontrak. Saran yang dapat penulis berikan untuk menciptakan kondisi pasar yang baik yaitu pemerintah perlu membentuk kartel dan istana brem di lingkungan sentra industri. Kata kunci: Kontrak Informal, Sentra Industri brem, Struktur Pasar.

Banking sector plays a significant role in promoting a sustainable economic development. Its role wasimportant in ensuring the banking intermediary function to distribute money flow from deficit unit tosurplus unit. The analysis of the banking intermediary function was important to ensure the effectiveness ofthe monetary policy instrument, such as: SBI. The model of panel regression would be developed in thispaper to analysis some factors affecting bank loans in Indonesia. The objective was to understand thebehavior of bank loans in Indonesia

The concept of smart economy is used as an innovation in the economic field based on industry 4.0 and uses a different network system. Bakici et al. (2013) said smart economy includes several points of discussion including the formation of innovation clusters, mutual cooperation between companies, research institutions, and citizens whose role is to develop and promote innovation through the concept of smart economy [1]. Furthermore, the concept of smart economy is used as a form of sustainable economy, by using several definitions and / or other terms such as “Green Economy” and “Green Industry”.They are used to describe effective economics in a more modern way. UNEP defines the Green Economy as an economy that can produce “improved human welfare and social justice, and can significantly reduce the risk of environmental and ecological damage” [2]. The industry’s revolutionary 4.0 Era, which has become a major issue throughout the world, has encouraged Malang Regency to play an active role in regional management using a citizen centric approach. These dimensions are divided into two fundamental considerations, namely the process of innovation, and the ability of competitiveness that is useful for improving the regional economy better and smarter. Based on the issue of economic challenges that occur in Malang Regency, smart economy as a part of smart city element is the focus that will be developed. It consists of 3 (three) important fields including: enterprise and innovation, productivity, then local and interconnectedness.

This study aims to see how far the implementation of the performance of PublicFinancial Management (PFM) in accordance with applicable standards and regula-tions. The survey shows that in general the performance of public financial manage-ment in East Flores Regency categorized as very good; from the nine areas that wereanalyzed, seven areas were very good in the category of regulatory framework; Plan-ning and Budgeting: Cash Management: Procurement of Goods and Services; Debtand Public Investment: Asset Management, and the last External Audit and Over-sight. One area is in both categories of Internal Control and the fields are at very lowcategory of Accounting and Reporting. The result of this study recommends that theforce placed on each SKPD or Bachelors degree in Accounting and Finance for fi-nancial management in a professional area. In the extreme, this study recommendsthat the chief of Budget, Accounting, Accounting and Reporting, and Verification atthe Department of Finance and Asset Areas on each District/City should be headed bya person with qualifications or Bachelors degree in Accounting and Finance.

Many studies have been conducted with the aim at investigating the relationship between the tourism performance and macroeconomic variables. However, only few studies investigated the regional tourism performance based on a specific origin country. This study investigated the relationship between ASEAN-5 international tourism receipts as the dependent variable and macroeconomic variables as the independent variables namely the exchange rates to Australian Dollar, Australia GDP per capita, international tourism expenditure, and transportation costs. The method used to investigate this study is panel data regression model to determine the influence among the explanatory variables to the dependent variable. The results denote that the exchange rates, GDP per capita, and the transportation cost are significant to the tourism receipts. Meanwhile, the international tourism expenditure variable shows an insignificant result to the tourism receipts.

In the era of sustainable development, alternative and sustainable tourism havebecome a great concern for local government. Sempu Island which is located inKabupaten Malang is one of the interesting cases on how the Ecotourism conceptcould be combined to the local economic development and conservation issues. Theaims of this paper are to gather information about the picture of Ecotourism practicesin Sempu Island. Furthermore, it will formulate the strategic way to make ecotourismwork well to the development of the local society. Keywords: Sustainable development, ecotourism, Sempu Island and local economy.