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Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and ankylosing spondylitis (SPA) are painful autoimmune, acute or chronic pathologies the joints, muscles and other tissues. Global care implies both medical more or less aggressive therapies, and physical treatments ght against pain and stiffness, vicious positions, and also improve autonomy in daily life. Anti-inammatory properties of millimetric waves (MMW) have been identied since the end of 20th century, and recently tested using miniaturized MMW transmitter bracelet. We report here 4 cases (2SPA and 2RA) who experienced pain relief, functional and autonomy improvement, while limiting their intake of analgesics. Further extensive investigations are required.

This paper presents a reflection (not a review) about the basic mechanisms involved in biological and therapeutic effects of millimetre waves (MMW). From articles, reviews and meta-analysis, a special interest was given to low power exposure to MMW (approximately 10 mW/cm 2 or less). Excluding thermal effects, several exclusive electromagnetic interactions were presented, with mainly membrane and volt gated calcium channel as targets (VGcc), involving calcium influxes and water contribution. It appeared that thermal effects were not necessary and could be avoided. This led to consider and discuss the use of pulsed MMW signals (not continuous waves) that could limit or avoid thermal effects, allow lower power requirement, best spectral bandwidth targeting, and specific properties related to currents onset/cut-off.

ObjectiveAfter a previous survey on the incidence of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) at onset of type 1 diabetes in children in 2013–2014 in Italy, we aimed to verify a possible decline in the incidence of DKA at onset during a national prevention campaign.DesignProspective observational study.SettingMulticentre study throughout Italy.InterventionNational awareness campaign started in November 2015 and held until December 2017.PatientsDuring 2016 and 2017 we collected data on all patients aged 0–18 years with new-onset diabetes.Main outcome measuresDKA (pH ResultsRecords (n=2361) of children with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes were collected from 58 out of 68 (85.3%) centres of the original survey participants and 100% of the previously surveyed tertiary centres. Overall, DKA was observed in 1124 patients, with an increased rate when compared with the previous survey (47.6% vs 38.5%, p=0.002), and severe DKA in 15.3%. In children below 6 years, DKA was observed in 323 out of 617 (52.5%) and severe DKA in 16.7%; in this age group, occurrence of DKA reduced by 21.3% (p=0.009). DKA treatment according to the ISPED guidelines was adopted in 95% of the centres, with a 27% improvement (p=0.025).ConclusionsDuring a 2-year awareness campaign, DKA at onset of diabetes in children and adolescents 0–18 years is still common and increased when compared with the 2013–2014 survey.

Objetivo. O presente estudo objetivou quantificar parâmetros bioquímicos, hormonais e hematológicos de atletas iniciantes e experientes na prática de Brazilian jiu-jitsu (BJJ). Método. Participaram 16 homens adultos, alocados em três grupos: iniciante (INI, n = 4), experiente (EXP, n = 4) e controle (CON, n = 8), com diferença no tempo de prática entre os grupos de 5,05 ± 0,7 anos (INI = 1,95 ± 1,5 anos versus EXP = 7,0 ± 0,8 anos). Resultados. Observou-se diferença hematológica discreta, apenas associada à contagem e ao percentual do número de eosinófilos do INI em comparação aos demais (p < 0,05). A concentração de magnésio foi superior no EXP em relação ao CON (1,96 ± 0,09 mg/dL versus 1,75 ± 0,11 mg/dL; p = 0,03), ocorrendo o mesmo para creatinina (1,09 ± 0,06 mg/dL versus 0,88 ± 0,06 mg/dL; p = 0,01). Além disto, os índices de ligação do ferro apresentaram diferenças entre o EXP e CON, com INI exibindo valores intermediários. Por fim, não foram observadas diferenças significantes nos níveis de cortisol no EXP (502,60 ± 162,42 nmol/L) e INI (427,15 ± 157,16 nmol/L) e de testosterona (EXP = 5,57 ± 0,75 ng/dL contra INI = 6,43 ± 1,01 ng/dL). Conclusões. Com base nos resultados, pode-se inferir que a prática crônica do BJJ pode promover algumas alterações no quadro hematológico, bioquímico e hormonal dos praticantes. Objetivos. El presente estudio objetivó cuantificar los perfiles bioquímicos, hormonales y hematológicos de atletas principiantes y experimentados en jiu-jitsu brasileño (BJJ). Métodos. Participaron 16 hombres adultos, divididos en tres grupos: principiantes (INI, n = 4), experimentado (EXP, n = 4) y de control (CON, n = 8), con diferencia en el tiempo de práctica entre grupos de 5,05 ± 0,7 años (INI = 1,95 ± 1,5 años versus EXP = 7,0 ± 0,8 años). Resultados. Se observó diferencia hematológica discreta, apenas asociada al contaje y al porcentaje del número eosinófilo del INI en comparación a los demás (p < 0,05). La concentración de magnesio fue más elevada en el EXP que en el CON (1,96 ± 0,09 mg/dL versus 1,75 ± 0,11mg/dL; p = 0,03), ocurriendo lo mismo para creatinina (1,09 ± 0,06 mg/dL versus 0,88 ± 0,06 mg/dL; p = 0,01). Además de eso, los índices de ligación del ferro presentaron diferencias entre el EXP y CON, con INI mostrando valores intermediarios. Por fin, no se observan variación de los niveles de cortisol en el EXP (502,60 ± 162,42 nmol/L) e INI (427,15 ± 157,16 nmol/L), como también para testosterona (EXP = 5,57 ± 0,75ng/dL contra INI = 6,43 ± 1,01ng/dL). Conclusión. Con base en los resultados, se puede inferir que la práctica crónica de BJJ puede promover algunas alteraciones en el cuadro hematológico, bioquímico y hormonal de los luchadores. Objectives. This study aimed to quantify biochemical, hormonal and hematological profile of beginner and experienced athletes in brazilian jiu-jitsu (BJJ). Methods. In this study participated 16 adult men, divided into three groups: beginners (INI, n = 4), experienced (EXP, n = 4) and control (CON, n = 8), with differences in practice duration among the groups of 5,05 ± 0,7 years (INI = 1,95 ± 1,5 years versus EXP = 7,0 ± 0,8 years). Results. It has been observed discrete hematological difference, only associated to counting and to percentage of eosinophils number INI in comparison to the others (p < 0,05). Magnesium concentration was higher in the EXP than CON (1,96 ± 0,09 mg/dL versus 1,75 ± 0,11 mg/dL; p = 0,03), occurring the same for creatinine (1,09 ± 0,06 mg/dL versus 0,88 ± 0,06 mg/dL; p = 0,01). Besides that, the indexes of iron binding have presented differences between the EXP and CON, with INI showing intermediate scores. Finally, it were not observed variation of cortisol levels in the EXP (502,60 ± 162,42 nmol/L) and INI (427,15 ± 157,16 nmol/L), as well as for testosterone (EXP = 5,57 ± 0,75 ng/dL against INI = 6,43 ± 1,01 ng/dL). Conclusions. Based on the results, it can be inferred that chronic practice of BJJ could provoke alterations in the hematological, biochemical and hormonal conditions in their athletes.

Submitted by Vitor Silverio Rodrigues (vitorsrodrigues@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2014-05-27T11:22:02Z No. of bitstreams: 0 Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-27T11:22:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2006-11-01 Context and objective: Records of contact with mercury (Hg) exist for more than 3500 years and several problems related to the use of this element can be noticed. Considering inexistence of current reports about it, quality of life perception evaluation was studied in people chronically intoxicated by mercury in an industrial environment. Design and setting: This is a cross-sectional descriptive observational study. Information from 47 urban-industrial workers from lamps manufacturing in São Paulo, clinically diagnosed as intoxicated by mercury and currently followed by the Occupational Health Service of Faculdade de Medicine da Universidade de São Paulo, with average age of 41.7 years old, was considered. Methods: SF36 questionnaire application was performed, with inferences tested by χ-square proof, by Spearman linear correlation and Mann-Whitney non-parametric test, adopting p < 0.05 as significant level. Results: In the eight domains, observed medians are 40% for physical functioning; 0 for physical function; 30% for body pain; 30% for general health; 22.2% for vitality; 50% for social functioning; 0 for emotional role and 36% for mental health. Correlation between age and SF36 domains does not reveal statistical significance, except for physical functioning, indicating that lower scores presented by older people in this domain are not followed by changes on other ones. Conclusions: Values obtained in people chronically intoxicated by mercury are actually lower, in the motor and mental scope components. Some instruments domains are higher for men than for women. Older ages are inversely associated to good performance in physical function domain. © Copyright Moreira Jr. Editora. Todos os direitos reservados. Physical Education College Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo Public Health, Epidemiology and Physical Activity Group, Campinas, São Paulo Biostatistics Departament Universidade Estadual Paulista Botucatu Campus, Botucatu, São Paulo Public Health, Epidemiology and Physical Activity Group, Campinas Medicine College University of São Paulo Cidade Universitária, Rua Luversi Pereira de Souza, 1151, Campinas (SP) - CEP 13083-730 Biostatistics Departament Universidade Estadual Paulista Botucatu Campus, Botucatu, São Paulo

In experiments at cardiovascular system level, acebutolol was found to possess beta-adrenolytic activity of cardioselective type associated with intrinsic beta-adrenergic, antiarrhythmic and anti-hypertensive activity. It was well tolerated systemically.

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Extracellular vesicles (EVs) mediate the cross‐talk between cancer cells and the cells of the surrounding Tumour Microenvironment (TME). Professional killer cells include Natural Killer (NK) cells and CD8+ Cytotoxic T‐lymphocytes (CTLs), which represent some of the most effective immune defense mechanisms against cancer cells. Recent evidence supports the role of EVs released by NK cells and CTLs in killing cancer cells, paving the road to a possible therapeutic role for such EVs. This review article provides the state‐of‐the‐art knowledge on the role of NK‐ and CTL‐derived EVs as anticancer agents, focusing on the different functions of different sub‐types of EVs. We also reviewed the current knowledge on the effects of cancer‐derived EVs on NK cells and CTLs, identifying areas for future investigation in the emerging new field of EV‐mediated immunotherapy of cancer.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as important players in all aspects of cancer biology. Their function is mediated by their cargo and surface molecules including proteins, lipids, sugars and nucleic acids. RNA in particular is a key mediator of EV function both in normal and cancer cells. This statement is supported by several lines of evidence. First, cells do not always randomly load RNA in EVs, there seems to be a specific manner in which cells populate their EVs with certain RNA molecules. Moreover, cellular uptake of EV-RNA and the secondary compartmentalization of EV-RNA in recipient cells is widely reported, and these RNAs have an impact on all aspects of cancer growth and the anti-tumoral immune response. Additionally, EV-RNA seems to work through various mechanisms of action, highlighting the intricacies of EVs and their RNA cargo as prominent means of inter-cellular communication.

Background Scoring of wake–sleep states by trained investigators is a time-consuming task in many sleep experiments. We aimed to validate SCOPRISM, a new open-source algorithm for sleep scoring based on automatic graphical clustering of epoch distribution. Methods We recorded sleep and blood pressure signals of 36 orexin-deficient, 7 leptin knock-out, and 43 wild-type control mice in the PRISM laboratory. Additional groups of mice ( n = 14) and rats ( n = 6) recorded in independent labs were used to validate the algorithm across laboratories. Results The overall accuracy, specificity and sensitivity values of SCOPRISM (97%, 95%, and 94%, respectively) on PRISM lab data were similar to those calculated between human scorers (98%, 98%, and 94%, respectively). Using SCOPRISM, we replicated the main sleep and sleep-dependent cardiovascular findings of our previous studies. Finally, the cross-laboratory analyses showed that the SCOPRISM algorithm performed well on mouse and rat data. Comparison with existing methods SCOPRISM performed similarly or even better than recently reported algorithms. SCOPRISM is a very simple algorithm, extensively (cross)validated and with the possibility to evaluate its efficacy following a quick and easy visual flow chart. Conclusions We validated SCOPRISM, a new, automated and open-source algorithm for sleep scoring on a large population of mice, including different mutant strains and on subgroups of mice and rats recorded by independent labs. This algorithm should help accelerate basic research on sleep and integrative physiology in rodents.

Nel quadro delle conseguenze pregiudizievoli che derivano dal procedimento penale, per chi vi è sottoposto, si collocano le spese processuali, intese in senso lato. Per il caso di assoluzione, a differenza di nuovi ordinamenti, il nostro non prevede un sistema di rifusione delle spese sostenute da parte dell'imputato. Il contributo si incentra sulla prospettiva de iure condendo di una riforma che consenta all'innocente di recuperare gli esborsi effettuati nel corso della vicenda giudiziaria per apprestare la propria difesa tecnica.

Body homeostasis and sleep homeostasis may both rely on the complex integrative activity carried out by the hypothalamus. Thus, the three main wake-sleep (WS) states (i.e. wakefulness, NREM sleep, and REM sleep) may be better understood if the different cardio-respiratory and metabolic parameters, which are under the integrated control of the autonomic and the endocrine systems, are studied during sleep monitoring. According to this view, many physiological events can be considered as an expression of the activity that physiological regulations should perform in order to cope with the need to fulfill body and sleep homeostasis. This review is aimed at making an assessment of data showing the existence of a physiological interplay between body homeostasis and sleep homeostasis, starting from the spontaneous changes observed in the somatic and autonomic activity during sleep, through evidence showing the deep changes occurring in the central integration of bodily functions during the different WS states, to the changes in the WS states observed when body homeostasis is challenged by the external environment and when the return to normal ambient conditions allows sleep homeo- stasis to run without apparent physiological restrictions. The data summarized in this review suggest that an approach to the dichotomy between NREM and REM sleep based on physiological regulations may offer a framework within which observations that a traditional behavioral approach may overlook can be interpreted. The study of the interplay between body and sleep homeostasis appears, therefore, to be a way to understand the function of complex organisms beyond that of the specific regulations.