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BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Splenectomy considered as second line therapy in management of patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) whom did not respond to corticosteroid or the platelet decreased after corticosteroid cessation. The aim of the present study was to determine the response to splenectomy in chronic ITP patients. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study was performed on all patients with ITP who underwent splenectomy at Shahid Beheshti and Yahyanejad hospitals during 10 years. Age, sex, time of initial treatment, time of surgery, platelet counts at time of diagnosis, pre- and post-operative platelet counts, respond to treatment and receiving treatment, extracted from the patients registry. FINDINGS: From 41 patients, the immediate postoperative response was partial in 4 patients (9.8%) and complete in 37 patients (90.2%). Non-response was not seen in any patient. The median follow-up was 12 months (range: 1-101 months). In long-term follow up, complete response (CR) was achieved in 4 patients (85.3%) and partial response was achieved in 2 (%4.9) of patients and treatment failure was achieved in 4 patients (9.8%). CONCLUSION: According to the results of this study, many of patients with ITP who underwent splenectomy have long term remission and splenectomy is a safe and effective method of treatment for these patients. Please cite this article as follows:Sedaghat S, Vakili Sadeghi M, Najafzadeh Sadati S, Baleghi Damavandi S. Splenectomy in Patients with Chronic Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura.J Babol Univ Med Sci 2013 15(6): 84-89.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: After respiratory and gastrointestinal infections, urinary tract infection is the most common infectious disease in children that it causes renal scar and high blood pressure if timely treatment is not given. Knowledge of common pathogens and antibiotic resistance patterns for empirical treatment is necessary. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of common uropathogens and their antibiotic resistance patterns in children hospitalized in Amirkola children hospital.METHODS: This cross sectional study was performed retrospectively on the medical records of all children hospitalized in Amirkola children hospital with UTI diagnosis from March 2010 to 2011. Information about age, sex, underlying disease, previous illness history, uropathogens and its antimicrobial resistance was recorded.FINDINGS: Escherichia coli was the most frequently isolated pathogens (89%), and then klebsiella (3.1%) and pseudomonas aeruginosa (3.1%) were more common. Antibiotic susceptibility testing of isolated pathogens showed maximum resistance to ampicillin (88%) and cotrimoxazole (63%) and the least resistance to nitrofurantoin (9%) and amikacin (11%). The frequency of multidrug-resistant pathogens was 56.4%.CONCLUSION: The results of the study showed that E. coli is the most common germ that causes urinary tract infection and drug resistance to ampicillin and cotrimoxazole is the greatest.