38 results on '"Daigneault, Adam J."'
Search Results
2. A forest model inter-comparison project (For-MIP) to assess the future of forests under climate, policy and technological stressors
- Author
-
Daigneault, Adam J., Baker, Justin S., and Favero, Alice
- Subjects
Demand and Price Analysis ,Resource/Energy Economics and Policy - Abstract
Presentation19232
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Global forest management, carbon sequestration and bioenergy supply under alternative socioeconomic and climate pathways
- Author
-
Daigneault, Adam J. and Favero, Alice
- Subjects
ComputingMilieux_MANAGEMENTOFCOMPUTINGANDINFORMATIONSYSTEMS ,Resource /Energy Economics and Policy ,ComputerSystemsOrganization_COMPUTER-COMMUNICATIONNETWORKS ,InformationSystems_MISCELLANEOUS - Abstract
Presentation ID 16461
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Global forest management and carbon sequestration futures under alternative shared socioeconomic pathways
- Author
-
Daigneault, Adam J.
- Subjects
Natural Resource Economics ,Resource and Environmental Policy Analysis ,International Trade - Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Does community resilience mitigate disaster damages? Evidence based on survey data
- Author
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Gawith, D., Brown, P., and Daigneault, Adam J.
- Subjects
Community/Rural/Urban Development, Environmental Economics and Policy - Published
- 2015
6. Does community resilience mitigate disaster damages? Evidence based on survey data
- Author
-
Gawith, D., Brown, P., and Daigneault, Adam J.
- Subjects
Community/Rural/Urban Development ,Environmental Economics and Policy - Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. COSTS AND BENEFITS OF ECOSYSTEM-BASED ADAPTATION FOR FLOOD RISK REDUCTION IN FIJI
- Author
-
Daigneault, Adam J., Brown, Pike, and Gawith, David
- Subjects
Natural disasters, climate change, flooding, Pacific Islands, economic impacts, Community/Rural/Urban Development, Environmental Economics and Policy, Food Security and Poverty, International Development, Land Economics/Use, Risk and Uncertainty - Abstract
This paper quantifies the economic impacts of flooding in the Ba River and Penang River catchments in Viti Levu, Fiji. We conducted a detailed assessment of flood damage stemming from two major flooding events in 2012 that severely affected the two important catchments, primarily by using evidence from a novel survey administered in early 2013. We combine these empirical measures of damage with GIS data to estimate total damages from flooding and find that the January 2012 flood caused FJ$36.4 and FJ$12.2 in damages for the Ba River and Penang River catchments, respectively, while the March 2012 flood caused FJ$24.1 and FJ$8.4 in damages for the Ba River and Penang River catchments, respectively. We then estimate the cost of future flooding under moderate and severe climate change projections. Flooding is projected to become more frequent and more severe under both scenarios, with annual losses increasing by 100% with moderate climate change and by 300% with severe climate change. For perspective, damages from a 1-in-50 year flood, which is the estimated return period of the January 2012 event, are projected to cause between FJ$76.5 and FJ$153 million in damages in the Ba River Catchment under these two scenarios.
- Published
- 2014
8. Costs and Benefits of Ecosystem-based Adaptation for Flood Risk Reduction in Fiji
- Author
-
Daigneault, Adam J. and Brown, Pike
- Subjects
Environmental Economics and Policy, Production Economics - Published
- 2014
9. COSTS AND BENEFITS OF ECOSYSTEM-BASED ADAPTATION FOR FLOOD RISK REDUCTION IN FIJI
- Author
-
Daigneault, Adam J., Brown, Pike, and Gawith, David
- Subjects
climate change ,flooding ,Risk and Uncertainty ,Community/Rural/Urban Development ,economic impacts ,Natural disasters ,Environmental Economics and Policy ,International Development ,Pacific Islands ,Land Economics/Use ,Food Security and Poverty - Abstract
This paper quantifies the economic impacts of flooding in the Ba River and Penang River catchments in Viti Levu, Fiji. We conducted a detailed assessment of flood damage stemming from two major flooding events in 2012 that severely affected the two important catchments, primarily by using evidence from a novel survey administered in early 2013. We combine these empirical measures of damage with GIS data to estimate total damages from flooding and find that the January 2012 flood caused FJ$36.4 and FJ$12.2 in damages for the Ba River and Penang River catchments, respectively, while the March 2012 flood caused FJ$24.1 and FJ$8.4 in damages for the Ba River and Penang River catchments, respectively. We then estimate the cost of future flooding under moderate and severe climate change projections. Flooding is projected to become more frequent and more severe under both scenarios, with annual losses increasing by 100% with moderate climate change and by 300% with severe climate change. For perspective, damages from a 1-in-50 year flood, which is the estimated return period of the January 2012 event, are projected to cause between FJ$76.5 and FJ$153 million in damages in the Ba River Catchment under these two scenarios.
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Costs and Benefits of Ecosystem-based Adaptation for Flood Risk Reduction in Fiji
- Author
-
Daigneault, Adam J. and Brown, Pike
- Subjects
Production Economics ,Environmental Economics and Policy - Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Economic and environmental impacts of implementing multiple agro-environmental policies in New Zealand
- Author
-
Daigneault, Adam J., Greenhalgh, Suzie, and Samarasinghe, Oshadhi
- Subjects
Agriculture and forestry modelling, land use, climate policy, water quality, greenhouse gas emissions, nutrient leaching, Environmental Economics and Policy, International Relations/Trade, Resource /Energy Economics and Policy ,Agriculture and forestry modeling, land use, climate policy, water quality, greenhouse gas emissions, nutrient management, Agricultural and Food Policy, Crop Production/Industries, Environmental Economics and Policy, Land Economics/Use - Abstract
Agricultural and forestry GHG emissions are a key feature of New Zealand’s emissions profile, and New Zealand is the only country, to date, to have indicated that agricultural and forestry emissions will be covered under their domestic climate policy – the New Zealand Emissions Trading Scheme. Coupled with climate policy development is the increasing scrutiny of agricultural impacts on water. This paper uses New Zealand Forest and Agriculture Regional Model (NZ-FARM) to assess the potential economic and environmental impacts of imposing both a climate and nutrient reduction policy on the agricultural and forestry industries in the Manawatu and Hurunui/Waiau catchments in New Zealand. We find that adding a scheme that reduces catchment-level nutrients by 20% on top of a national policy that puts a price of $25 per ton carbon dioxide equivalent on agricultural GHG emissions could result in greater environmental benefits at a relatively small cost, but the converse is not always true and could be significantly more costly for landowners.
- Published
- 2013
12. Invasive species management in the Pacific using survey data and benefit-cost analysis
- Author
-
Daigneault, Adam J. and Brown, P.
- Subjects
invasive species, cost-benefit analysis, non-market valuation, Crop Production/Industries, Demand and Price Analysis, Land Economics/Use - Abstract
Invasive species pose an enormous threat in the Pacific: not only do they strongly affect biodiversity, but they also potentially affect the economic, social, and cultural wellbeing of Pacific peoples. Invasive species can potentially be managed and their impacts can potentially be avoided, eliminated, or reduced. However, neither the costs nor the numerous benefits of management are well understood in the Pacific. Thus, we undertook cost-benefit analyses (CBAs) of managing five species that are well established on Viti Levu, Fiji: spathodea campanulata (African tulip tree), herpestus javanicus (small Asian mongoose), papuana uninodis (taro beetle), pycnonotus cafer (red-vented bulbul), and merremia peltata (merremia vine). These CBAs are informed by extensive survey data that record the incidence, management, and impacts of the five species in Fiji. We find that the most cost-effective management option varies by species, precluding a universal solution. Nevertheless, the benefits of management often exceed the costs of management by a wide margin, arguing for a more concerted effort to control the spread of invasive species in the Pacific.
- Published
- 2013
13. Economic and environmental impacts of implementing multiple agro-environmental policies in New Zealand
- Author
-
Daigneault, Adam J., Greenhalgh, Suzie, and Samarasinghe, Oshadhi
- Subjects
International Relations/Trade ,greenhouse gas emissions ,Resource /Energy Economics and Policy ,land use ,Agriculture and forestry modelling ,Agriculture and forestry modeling ,climate policy ,Crop Production/Industries ,water quality ,Agricultural and Food Policy ,nutrient management ,nutrient leaching ,Environmental Economics and Policy ,Land Economics/Use - Abstract
Agricultural and forestry GHG emissions are a key feature of New Zealand’s emissions profile, and New Zealand is the only country, to date, to have indicated that agricultural and forestry emissions will be covered under their domestic climate policy – the New Zealand Emissions Trading Scheme. Coupled with climate policy development is the increasing scrutiny of agricultural impacts on water. This paper uses New Zealand Forest and Agriculture Regional Model (NZ-FARM) to assess the potential economic and environmental impacts of imposing both a climate and nutrient reduction policy on the agricultural and forestry industries in the Manawatu and Hurunui/Waiau catchments in New Zealand. We find that adding a scheme that reduces catchment-level nutrients by 20% on top of a national policy that puts a price of $25 per ton carbon dioxide equivalent on agricultural GHG emissions could result in greater environmental benefits at a relatively small cost, but the converse is not always true and could be significantly more costly for landowners.
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Invasive species management in the Pacific using survey data and benefit-cost analysis
- Author
-
Daigneault, Adam J. and Brown, P.
- Subjects
cost-benefit analysis ,Demand and Price Analysis ,non-market valuation ,Crop Production/Industries ,Land Economics/Use ,invasive species - Abstract
Invasive species pose an enormous threat in the Pacific: not only do they strongly affect biodiversity, but they also potentially affect the economic, social, and cultural wellbeing of Pacific peoples. Invasive species can potentially be managed and their impacts can potentially be avoided, eliminated, or reduced. However, neither the costs nor the numerous benefits of management are well understood in the Pacific. Thus, we undertook cost-benefit analyses (CBAs) of managing five species that are well established on Viti Levu, Fiji: spathodea campanulata (African tulip tree), herpestus javanicus (small Asian mongoose), papuana uninodis (taro beetle), pycnonotus cafer (red-vented bulbul), and merremia peltata (merremia vine). These CBAs are informed by extensive survey data that record the incidence, management, and impacts of the five species in Fiji. We find that the most cost-effective management option varies by species, precluding a universal solution. Nevertheless, the benefits of management often exceed the costs of management by a wide margin, arguing for a more concerted effort to control the spread of invasive species in the Pacific.
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Regional, sectoral and temporal differences in carbon leakage
- Author
-
Lennox, James A., Turner, James, Daigneault, Adam J., and Jhunjhnuwala, Kanika
- Subjects
carbon price ,Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies ,Resource /Energy Economics and Policy ,leakage ,emissions ,Environmental Economics and Policy ,general equilibrium - Abstract
While greenhouse gas emissions trading schemes, taxes and other measures have already been implemented or are proposed in many countries and regions, global action to mitigate climate change remains insufficient. A major concern in many countries is that actions taken alone, or even in a limited coalition of countries, might result in competitive disadvantage to firms in emissions-intensive, tradeexposed industries. Additionally, this might results in emissions leakage, reducing environmental effectiveness. The problem of emissions leakage has been extensively studied in the case of mitigation by individual or coalitions of developed countries, most often, using comparative static partial or general equilibrium models. In this paper we use a multiregional dynamic general equilibrium model to study the imposition of harmonised carbon taxes on industrial and energy greenhouse gas emissions in OECD countries and in China. This tax rate is increasing over time. We find that the overall rate of emissions leakage is very low and decreases over time. We also find significant differences between regions in the marginal rates of leakage with respect to their participation (or not) in the carbon-pricing coalition. Differences in leakage rates and their change over time can be related to differences in energy systems, general economic structure and growth rates.
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. Impacts of Farmer Attitude on the Design of a Nutrient Reduction Policy – a New Zealand Catchment Case Study
- Author
-
Samarasinghe, Oshadhi, Daigneault, Adam J., Greenhalgh, Suzie, Munguia, Oscar Montes de Oca, and Walcroft, Jill
- Subjects
Agriculture and forestry modelling, land use, nutrient budgeting, water quality, greenhouse gas emissions, farmer perception towards policy, Agricultural and Food Policy - Abstract
This paper uses responses from a regional farmer survey that identify farmers’ perceptions of environmental policies to calibrate a catchment-level environmental economic model (NZ-FARM) to estimate the impacts of a nutrient reduction policy in North Canterbury, New Zealand. The model maximizes farm income across a catchment, accounting for changes in land use, farm output, nutrient leaching, and GHG emissions. Simulations estimate that reducing nutrient loads by 15–30% can be achieved with economic impacts ranging between 1 and 10%, based on how willing landowners are to change how they manage their farm. Farmers are often hesitant to implement certain mitigation options, however, which results in higher economic costs than the ‘optimal’ estimates. Farm-level impacts will likely vary through the current farm practice, the farmers’ attitude towards the regulation, and the ability of policymakers to educate and incentivise landowners to adopt a variety of land management options.
- Published
- 2012
17. Economic Impacts of GHG and Nutrient Reduction Policies in New Zealand: A Tale of Two Catchments
- Author
-
Daigneault, Adam J., Greenhalgh, Suzie, and Samarasinghe, Oshadhi
- Subjects
Agriculture and forestry modelling, land use, climate policy, water quality, greenhouse gas emissions, nutrient leaching, Environmental Economics and Policy - Abstract
Agricultural and forestry GHG emissions are a key feature of New Zealand’s emissions profile, and New Zealand is the only country, to date, to have indicated that agricultural and forestry emissions will be covered under their domestic climate policy – the New Zealand Emissions Trading Scheme. Coupled with climate policy development is the increasing scrutiny of agricultural impacts on water. This paper uses New Zealand Forest and Agriculture Regional Model (NZ-FARM) to assess the potential economic and environmental impacts of imposing both a climate and nutrient reduction policy on the agricultural and forestry industries in the Manawatu and Hurunui/Waiau catchments in New Zealand. We find that adding a scheme that reduces catchment-level nutrients by 20% on top of a national policy that puts a price of $25 per ton carbon dioxide equivalent on agricultural GHG emissions could result in greater environmental benefits at a relatively small cost, but the converse is not always true and could be significantly more costly for landowners.
- Published
- 2012
18. Impacts of Farmer Attitude on the Design of a Nutrient Reduction Policy – a New Zealand Catchment Case Study
- Author
-
Samarasinghe, Oshadhi, Daigneault, Adam J., Greenhalgh, Suzie, Munguia, Oscar Montes De Oca, and Walcroft, Jill
- Subjects
Agricultural and Food Policy ,greenhouse gas emissions ,nutrient budgeting ,land use ,Agriculture and forestry modelling ,water quality ,farmer perception towards policy - Abstract
This paper uses responses from a regional farmer survey that identify farmers’ perceptions of environmental policies to calibrate a catchment-level environmental economic model (NZ-FARM) to estimate the impacts of a nutrient reduction policy in North Canterbury, New Zealand. The model maximizes farm income across a catchment, accounting for changes in land use, farm output, nutrient leaching, and GHG emissions. Simulations estimate that reducing nutrient loads by 15–30% can be achieved with economic impacts ranging between 1 and 10%, based on how willing landowners are to change how they manage their farm. Farmers are often hesitant to implement certain mitigation options, however, which results in higher economic costs than the ‘optimal’ estimates. Farm-level impacts will likely vary through the current farm practice, the farmers’ attitude towards the regulation, and the ability of policymakers to educate and incentivise landowners to adopt a variety of land management options.
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. Estimating Impacts of Climate Change Policy on Land Use: An Agent Based Modeling Approach
- Author
-
Daigneault, Adam J. and Morgan, Fraser
- Subjects
Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies ,Agricultural Finance ,Environmental Economics and Policy ,Land Economics/Use - Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. Economic Impacts of GHG and Nutrient Reduction Policies in New Zealand: A Tale of Two Catchments
- Author
-
Daigneault, Adam J., Greenhalgh, Suzie, and Samarasinghe, Oshadhi
- Subjects
greenhouse gas emissions ,nutrient leaching ,land use ,Environmental Economics and Policy ,Agriculture and forestry modelling ,climate policy ,water quality - Abstract
Agricultural and forestry GHG emissions are a key feature of New Zealand’s emissions profile, and New Zealand is the only country, to date, to have indicated that agricultural and forestry emissions will be covered under their domestic climate policy – the New Zealand Emissions Trading Scheme. Coupled with climate policy development is the increasing scrutiny of agricultural impacts on water. This paper uses New Zealand Forest and Agriculture Regional Model (NZ-FARM) to assess the potential economic and environmental impacts of imposing both a climate and nutrient reduction policy on the agricultural and forestry industries in the Manawatu and Hurunui/Waiau catchments in New Zealand. We find that adding a scheme that reduces catchment-level nutrients by 20% on top of a national policy that puts a price of $25 per ton carbon dioxide equivalent on agricultural GHG emissions could result in greater environmental benefits at a relatively small cost, but the converse is not always true and could be significantly more costly for landowners.
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Estimating Impacts of Climate Change Policy on Land Use: An Agent Based Modeling Approach
- Author
-
Daigneault, Adam J. and Morgan, Fraser
- Subjects
Agricultural Finance, Environmental Economics and Policy, Land Economics/Use, Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies - Published
- 2012
22. Modelling Forestry in Dynamic General Equilibrium
- Author
-
Lennox, James A., Turner, James A., Daigneault, Adam J., and Jhunjhnuwala, K.
- Subjects
Resource /Energy Economics and Policy ,Intertemporal general equilibrium ,Environmental Economics and Policy ,forest carbon credits ,Crop Production/Industries ,optimal forest management - Abstract
Adequately representing dynamic characteristics of land use change and forestry in computable general equilibrium models is challenging but essential if modellers are to provide credible assessments of policies that directly or indirectly influence these phenomena. In this paper, we show how a dynamic representation of planted or naturally regenerating forests may be integrated within a neoclassical, intertemporal general equilibrium model. We demonstrate the application of such a model to assess the impacts of including forestry within a hypothetical emissions trading scheme in the US, showing the resulting changes in land use and increases in the optimal rotation length.
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Estimating Co-benefits of Agricultural Climate Policy in New Zealand: A Catchment-Level Analysis
- Author
-
Daigneault, Adam J., Greenhalgh, Suzie, Samarasinghe, Oshadhi, and Sinclair, Robyn
- Subjects
Agricultural and Food Policy ,Greenhouse Gas Emissions ,Water Quality ,Land Use ,Water Quantity ,Agriculture and Forestry Modeling ,Environmental Economics and Policy ,Climate Policy - Abstract
This paper uses an economic catchment model to assess changes in land use, enterprise distribution, greenhouse gas emissions and nutrient loading levels from a series of policies that introduce carbon prices or nutrient reduction caps on land-based production in the Hurunui Catchment in Canterbury, New Zealand. At $20/tCO2e, net revenue for the catchment is reduced by 7% from baseline levels while GHGs are reduced by 3%. At $40/ tCO2e, net revenue is reduced by 15% while GHGs are reduced by 21%. Nitrogen and phosphorous loading levels within the catchment were also reduced when landowners face a carbon price, thus providing other benefits to the environment. Additional scenarios in this paper assess the impacts from developing a large-scale irrigation project within the catchment. Results show that while adding irrigation can improve farm output and revenue, it also results in dramatically higher GHG emissions and nutrient loads. Placing a carbon price on land-based activities diminishes some of these pollutants, but not at the same rate as when the policy what enacted on the baseline irrigation levels. Finally, we investigate the impacts of imposing a nutrient loading cap on farm activities instead of a carbon price and find that if landowners had greater access to irrigation but were constrained to hold the nutrient loads at baseline levels, revenue could increase by 6% over the baseline while GHG emissions could be reduced by 5%. Our findings suggest that while there is a potentially a strong trade-off between water quantity and water quality in the Hurunui Catchment, imposing the right policy levers could reduce some of the environmental impacts from an increase in land-use intensity without placing a large economic or regulatory burden on its landowners.
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Role of New Zealand Forests in Global Climate Change Mitigation
- Author
-
Daigneault, Adam J. and Sohngen, Brent
- Subjects
Environmental Economics and Policy - Published
- 2011
25. Modelling economic impacts of water storage in North Canterbury
- Author
-
Daigneault, Adam J., Greenhalgh, Suzie, and Lennox, James A.
- Subjects
Resource /Energy Economics and Policy ,Agriculture & Forestry Sector ,Water Quality ,Partial Equilibrium Modelling ,Land Use ,Water Quantity - Abstract
Despite the importance of the agricultural and downstream processing sectors in the New Zealand economy, there is no tradition of using partial or general equilibrium models to evaluate policies or other measures directed at the agricultural sector. Policy-makers have instead relied on the development of ad hoc scenarios of land use change, farm budget models, and simple multiplier analysis of flow-on effects. To redress this situation, we have developed a catchment-scale partial equilibrium framework based on the US REAP model, which we have thus far calibrated for two different catchments. In this paper, we present an application of the model to the Hurunui Catchment in North Canterbury in which we assess several scenarios for the development of irrigated area under several water storage options. This application is timely, given that there are increasing pressures on water resources in the catchment, and frequent conflicts between abstractive users (mainly pastoral), recreational users (e.g. kayaking, fishing) users, and environmental needs. Currently, a private consortium are pursuing storage options similar to those that we have modelled, while a newly constituted Water Management Zone Committee is tasked with developing a strategic approach to managing water in the Hurunui and adjacent Waiau catchments. In addition, water quality limits are also being developed in the Hurunui catchment. Our modelling approach includes pastoral (dairy, sheep, beef and deer), arable, horticultural and forestry enterprises along with an array of management including various irrigation and fertiliser regimes. The model allows us to test policy scenarios for addressing environmental issues such as mitigating climate change and improving water quality, and changes in resource constraints such as water availability. Using a profit maximizing objective function we compare the impact of the proposed irrigation scenarios in the Hurunui catchment on total catchment profits and a variety of environmental parameters like greenhouse gas emissions and nutrient losses.
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. Role of New Zealand Forests in Global Climate Change Mitigation
- Author
-
Daigneault, Adam J. and Sohngen, Brent
- Subjects
Environmental Economics and Policy - Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. Estimating Co-benefits of Agricultural Climate Policy in New Zealand: A Catchment-Level Analysis
- Author
-
Daigneault, Adam J., Greenhalgh, Suzie, Samarasinghe, Oshadhi, and Sinclair, Robyn
- Subjects
Agriculture and Forestry Modeling, Land Use, Climate Policy, Greenhouse Gas Emissions, Water Quantity, Water Quality, Agricultural and Food Policy, Environmental Economics and Policy, Q23, Q24, Q25, Q54 - Abstract
This paper uses an economic catchment model to assess changes in land use, enterprise distribution, greenhouse gas emissions and nutrient loading levels from a series of policies that introduce carbon prices or nutrient reduction caps on land-based production in the Hurunui Catchment in Canterbury, New Zealand. At $20/tCO2e, net revenue for the catchment is reduced by 7% from baseline levels while GHGs are reduced by 3%. At $40/ tCO2e, net revenue is reduced by 15% while GHGs are reduced by 21%. Nitrogen and phosphorous loading levels within the catchment were also reduced when landowners face a carbon price, thus providing other benefits to the environment. Additional scenarios in this paper assess the impacts from developing a large-scale irrigation project within the catchment. Results show that while adding irrigation can improve farm output and revenue, it also results in dramatically higher GHG emissions and nutrient loads. Placing a carbon price on land-based activities diminishes some of these pollutants, but not at the same rate as when the policy what enacted on the baseline irrigation levels. Finally, we investigate the impacts of imposing a nutrient loading cap on farm activities instead of a carbon price and find that if landowners had greater access to irrigation but were constrained to hold the nutrient loads at baseline levels, revenue could increase by 6% over the baseline while GHG emissions could be reduced by 5%. Our findings suggest that while there is a potentially a strong trade-off between water quantity and water quality in the Hurunui Catchment, imposing the right policy levers could reduce some of the environmental impacts from an increase in land-use intensity without placing a large economic or regulatory burden on its landowners.
- Published
- 2011
28. Estimated Impacts of New Zealand Agriculture Climate Policy: A Tale of Two Catchments
- Author
-
Daigneault, Adam J., Greenhalgh, Suzie, and Samarasinghe, Oshadhi
- Subjects
Agriculture and Forestry Modelling, Land Use, Climate Policy, Greenhouse Gas Emissions, Nutrient Loadings, Environmental Economics and Policy - Abstract
Agricultural and forestry greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions are a key feature of New Zealand’s emissions profile, and New Zealand is the only country, to date, to have indicated that agricultural and forestry emissions will be covered under their domestic climate policy – the New Zealand Emissions Trading Scheme (NZETS). Forestry entered the NZETS in 2008 while agricultural emissions are expected to enter in 2015. Coupled with climate policy development is the increasing scrutiny of agricultural impacts on water in New Zealand. Given the multiple forms of environmental regulation facing the agricultural and forestry industries we explore, at the catchment level, the impacts of climate policy on the agricultural and forestry industries, including those on farm returns, GHG emissions, carbon sequestration, water quality and induced land use change. We use the recently developed New Zealand Forest and Agriculture Regional Model (NZ-FARM) to assess potential economic and environmental impacts of a climate policy that imposes a series of carbon prices on GHG emissions of land-based production in the Manawatu and Hurunui/Waiau catchments in New Zealand.
- Published
- 2011
29. Modelling economic impacts of water storage in North Canterbury
- Author
-
Daigneault, Adam J., Greenhalgh, Suzie, and Lennox, James A.
- Subjects
Partial Equilibrium Modelling, Agriculture & Forestry Sector, Land Use, Water Quality, Water Quantity, Resource /Energy Economics and Policy - Abstract
Despite the importance of the agricultural and downstream processing sectors in the New Zealand economy, there is no tradition of using partial or general equilibrium models to evaluate policies or other measures directed at the agricultural sector. Policy-makers have instead relied on the development of ad hoc scenarios of land use change, farm budget models, and simple multiplier analysis of flow-on effects. To redress this situation, we have developed a catchment-scale partial equilibrium framework based on the US REAP model, which we have thus far calibrated for two different catchments. In this paper, we present an application of the model to the Hurunui Catchment in North Canterbury in which we assess several scenarios for the development of irrigated area under several water storage options. This application is timely, given that there are increasing pressures on water resources in the catchment, and frequent conflicts between abstractive users (mainly pastoral), recreational users (e.g. kayaking, fishing) users, and environmental needs. Currently, a private consortium are pursuing storage options similar to those that we have modelled, while a newly constituted Water Management Zone Committee is tasked with developing a strategic approach to managing water in the Hurunui and adjacent Waiau catchments. In addition, water quality limits are also being developed in the Hurunui catchment. Our modelling approach includes pastoral (dairy, sheep, beef and deer), arable, horticultural and forestry enterprises along with an array of management including various irrigation and fertiliser regimes. The model allows us to test policy scenarios for addressing environmental issues such as mitigating climate change and improving water quality, and changes in resource constraints such as water availability. Using a profit maximizing objective function we compare the impact of the proposed irrigation scenarios in the Hurunui catchment on total catchment profits and a variety of environmental parameters like greenhouse gas emissions and nutrient losses.
- Published
- 2011
30. Estimated Impacts of New Zealand Agriculture Climate Policy: A Tale of Two Catchments
- Author
-
Daigneault, Adam J., Greenhalgh, Suzie, and Samarasinghe, Oshadhi
- Subjects
Agriculture and Forestry Modelling ,Greenhouse Gas Emissions ,Land Use ,Nutrient Loadings ,Environmental Economics and Policy ,Climate Policy - Abstract
Agricultural and forestry greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions are a key feature of New Zealand’s emissions profile, and New Zealand is the only country, to date, to have indicated that agricultural and forestry emissions will be covered under their domestic climate policy – the New Zealand Emissions Trading Scheme (NZETS). Forestry entered the NZETS in 2008 while agricultural emissions are expected to enter in 2015. Coupled with climate policy development is the increasing scrutiny of agricultural impacts on water in New Zealand. Given the multiple forms of environmental regulation facing the agricultural and forestry industries we explore, at the catchment level, the impacts of climate policy on the agricultural and forestry industries, including those on farm returns, GHG emissions, carbon sequestration, water quality and induced land use change. We use the recently developed New Zealand Forest and Agriculture Regional Model (NZ-FARM) to assess potential economic and environmental impacts of a climate policy that imposes a series of carbon prices on GHG emissions of land-based production in the Manawatu and Hurunui/Waiau catchments in New Zealand.
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. Net Farm Income and Land Use under a U.S. Greenhouse Gas Cap and Trade
- Author
-
Baker, Justin Scott, McCarl, Bruce A., Murray, Brian C., Rose, Steven K., Alig, Ralph J., Adams, Darius M., Latta, Gregory S., Beach, Robert H., and Daigneault, Adam J.
- Subjects
Environmental Economics and Policy, Land Economics/Use, Q15, Q18, Q54 - Published
- 2010
32. MODELING ALTERNATIVE POLICIES FOR GHG MITIGATION FROM FORESTRY AND AGRICULTURE
- Author
-
Beach, Robert H., Daigneault, Adam J., McCarl, Bruce A., and Rose, Steven K.
- Subjects
Climate policy, energy policy, FASOMGHG, GHG mitigation, Agricultural and Food Policy, Environmental Economics and Policy, Resource /Energy Economics and Policy, C61, Q42, Q54 - Abstract
A key consideration for development of energy and climate policy affecting the forestry and agricultural sectors is that the selection of specific mechanisms implemented to achieve bioenergy production and/or greenhouse gas (GHG) mitigation targets may have substantial effects on landowner incentives to adopt alternative practices. For instance, the prices of allowances and offsets are expected to diverge under some policies being considered where there is a binding cap on the quantity of offsets from the agricultural and forest sectors. In addition, provisions that limit or exclude specific practices from receiving carbon payments will affect the quantity and cost of GHG mitigation opportunities available. In this study, the recently updated Forest and Agriculture Sector Optimization Model with GHGs (FASOMGHG) was used to estimate GHG mitigation potential for private land in the contiguous U.S. under a variety of GHG price policies. Model scenarios suggest that U.S. forestry and agriculture could provide mitigation of 200 – 1000 megatons carbon dioxide equivalent per year (Mt CO2e/year) at carbon prices of $15 to $50/tCO2e. Binding limits on offsets have increasingly large effects on both the total magnitude and distribution of GHG mitigation across options over time. In addition, discounting or excluding payments for forest sinks can reduce annualized land-based mitigation potential 37-90 percent relative to the full eligibility scenario whereas discounting or excluding agricultural practices reduces mitigation potential by less than 10 percent.
- Published
- 2010
33. Net Farm Income and Land Use under a U.S. Greenhouse Gas Cap and Trade
- Author
-
Baker, Justin Scott, McCarl, Bruce A., Murray, Brian C., Rose, Steven K., Alig, Ralph J., Adams, Darius M., Latta, Gregory S., Beach, Robert H., and Daigneault, Adam J.
- Subjects
Environmental Economics and Policy ,Land Economics/Use - Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. MODELING ALTERNATIVE POLICIES FOR GHG MITIGATION FROM FORESTRY AND AGRICULTURE
- Author
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Beach, Robert H., Daigneault, Adam J., McCarl, Bruce A., and Rose, Steven K.
- Subjects
FASOMGHG ,Agricultural and Food Policy ,Resource /Energy Economics and Policy ,Climate policy ,GHG mitigation ,Environmental Economics and Policy ,energy policy - Abstract
A key consideration for development of energy and climate policy affecting the forestry and agricultural sectors is that the selection of specific mechanisms implemented to achieve bioenergy production and/or greenhouse gas (GHG) mitigation targets may have substantial effects on landowner incentives to adopt alternative practices. For instance, the prices of allowances and offsets are expected to diverge under some policies being considered where there is a binding cap on the quantity of offsets from the agricultural and forest sectors. In addition, provisions that limit or exclude specific practices from receiving carbon payments will affect the quantity and cost of GHG mitigation opportunities available. In this study, the recently updated Forest and Agriculture Sector Optimization Model with GHGs (FASOMGHG) was used to estimate GHG mitigation potential for private land in the contiguous U.S. under a variety of GHG price policies. Model scenarios suggest that U.S. forestry and agriculture could provide mitigation of 200 – 1000 megatons carbon dioxide equivalent per year (Mt CO2e/year) at carbon prices of $15 to $50/tCO2e. Binding limits on offsets have increasingly large effects on both the total magnitude and distribution of GHG mitigation across options over time. In addition, discounting or excluding payments for forest sinks can reduce annualized land-based mitigation potential 37-90 percent relative to the full eligibility scenario whereas discounting or excluding agricultural practices reduces mitigation potential by less than 10 percent.
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Optimal Forest Rotations with Environmental Values and Endogenous Fire Risk
- Author
-
Daigneault, Adam J., Sohngen, Brent, and Miranda, Mario J.
- Subjects
Carbon sequestration, Stochastic risk, Forest management, Optimal rotation, Silviculture, Forest fires, Climate change, Resource /Energy Economics and Policy - Abstract
This paper develops a model that solves for the optimal economic harvest rotation problem to maximize revenue of an even-aged forest plantation when there is a risk of a catastrophic forest fire. The paper also investigates the feasibility of using fire prone stands for carbon sequestration and estimates the effects that it would have on the optimal management regime and rotation age empirically using a typical Douglas-fir stand in the Pacific Northwest. The model incorporates risk-reducing management practices that allow risk and growth to be endogenous, and the optimal rotation model is solved using numerical simulation techniques. Results show that higher carbon prices increase the rotation length regardless of the probability of fire and that the frequency of risk-reducing management practices increase as the stand approaches the optimal harvest age. Results also indicate that intermediate fuel treatments can provide economical and environmental benefits, even with a high probability of fire.
- Published
- 2007
36. Optimal Forest Rotations with Environmental Values and Endogenous Fire Risk
- Author
-
Daigneault, Adam J., Sohngen, Brent, and Miranda, Mario J.
- Subjects
Carbon sequestration ,Stochastic risk ,Forest management ,Forest fires ,Resource /Energy Economics and Policy ,Optimal rotation ,Climate change ,Silviculture - Abstract
This paper develops a model that solves for the optimal economic harvest rotation problem to maximize revenue of an even-aged forest plantation when there is a risk of a catastrophic forest fire. The paper also investigates the feasibility of using fire prone stands for carbon sequestration and estimates the effects that it would have on the optimal management regime and rotation age empirically using a typical Douglas-fir stand in the Pacific Northwest. The model incorporates risk-reducing management practices that allow risk and growth to be endogenous, and the optimal rotation model is solved using numerical simulation techniques. Results show that higher carbon prices increase the rotation length regardless of the probability of fire and that the frequency of risk-reducing management practices increase as the stand approaches the optimal harvest age. Results also indicate that intermediate fuel treatments can provide economical and environmental benefits, even with a high probability of fire.
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Exchange Rates and the Competitiveness of the US Timber Sector in a Global Economy
- Author
-
Daigneault, Adam J., Sohngen, Brent, and Sedjo, Roger A.
- Subjects
International Relations/Trade - Abstract
This paper examines the competitiveness of the US timber industry under different exchange rate policies using a dynamic optimization model of global timber markets. We assume that exchange rates affect the cost structure of harvesting and managing forests and simulate the model for baseline conditions and four additional exchange rate policies. Two policies consider a strengthening United States dollar scenario and two policies examine weak South American currencies. Recently South America has increased its share of global timber production and is shipping increasing quantities of timber to the Unites States. The results indicate that US competitiveness in the forestry sector is sensitive both to strong US $ policies and to the weak currency policies pursued by South American governments. A 20% increase in value of the US $ compared to all other currencies can reduce harvests by 4 7% in the United States over the next 50 years, while a similar reduction in currency values in South America can reduce U.S. production by around 0.4%. In dollar terms, each additional cubic meter of wood produced in South America due to currency policies can reduce producer surplus in the United States by $100.
- Published
- 2005
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Exchange Rates and the Competitiveness of the US Timber Sector in a Global Economy
- Author
-
Daigneault, Adam J., Sohngen, Brent, and Sedjo, Roger A.
- Subjects
International Relations/Trade - Abstract
This paper examines the competitiveness of the US timber industry under different exchange rate policies using a dynamic optimization model of global timber markets. We assume that exchange rates affect the cost structure of harvesting and managing forests and simulate the model for baseline conditions and four additional exchange rate policies. Two policies consider a strengthening United States dollar scenario and two policies examine weak South American currencies. Recently South America has increased its share of global timber production and is shipping increasing quantities of timber to the Unites States. The results indicate that US competitiveness in the forestry sector is sensitive both to strong US $ policies and to the weak currency policies pursued by South American governments. A 20% increase in value of the US $ compared to all other currencies can reduce harvests by 4 7% in the United States over the next 50 years, while a similar reduction in currency values in South America can reduce U.S. production by around 0.4%. In dollar terms, each additional cubic meter of wood produced in South America due to currency policies can reduce producer surplus in the United States by $100.
- Published
- 2005
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