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Blood group O candidates have lower lung transplantation rates despite having the most common blood group. We postulated that waitlist outcomes among these candidates and those with other blood types vary with disease severity and lung allocation score (LAS).We performed a retrospective cohort study of 32,772 waitlist candidates using the United Network of Organ Sharing registry from May 2005 to 2020. After identifying an interaction between blood group and LAS, we evaluated the association between blood group and waitlist outcomes within LAS quartiles using unadjusted and adjusted competing risk models.In the lowest LAS quartile, blood group O had a 20% reduced transplantation rate (SHR: 0.80, 95%CI: 0.75-0.85) and higher waitlist death/removal (1.33, 95%CI: 1.15-1.55) compared with group A. Blood group AB had a 52% higher transplantation rate (SHR: 1.52, 95%CI: 1.34-1.73) in the lowest LAS quartile compared with group A. In the highest LAS quartile, there was no difference in transplantation rates between groups O and A. In contrast, group B had a 19% reduced transplantation rate (SHR, 0.81 95%CI: 0.73-0.89) and AB had a 28% reduced transplantation rate (SHR: 0.72, 95%CI: 0.61-0.86) in the highest LAS quartile. Additionally, groups B and AB had increased risk of waitlist death/removal in the highest LAS quartile compared with A (SHR: 1.27, 95%CI: 1.08-1.48; SHR: 1.31, 95%CI: 1.00-1.72).Waitlist outcomes among ABO blood groups vary depending on illness severity, which is represented by LAS. Blood group O has lower transplantation rates at low LAS while groups B and AB have lower transplantation rates at high LAS.

Green Logistics is a relatively new concept, a part of Green Economy, which considers not just economical aspects but also environmental problems. Unlike classic logistics, that looks only for optimal costs, green logistics is making sure that final decisions won’t have a negative effect on the environment or society. It’s making sure that people working in extractions are not exploited, routes are well designed and the environment is not affected. Thanks to Green Logistics concept there were created biofuels, electric trains and were discovered so many ways of benefiting from environment without damaging it., {"references":["1.\tCodul transportului feroviar nr. CP309/2003 din 17.07.2003, publicat în MONITORUL OFICIAL Nr 226-228, art. 892 la data de 14.11.2003","2.\tCurtea Europeană de Conturi, Raport Special - Transportul feroviar de marfă nu este încă pe calea cea bună, România, 2016","3.\tEuropean Environment Agency, Transport and environment report 2021, Decarbonising road transport – the role of vehicles, fuels and transport demand, EU, 2021","4.\tHotărâre cu privire la aprobarea Strategiei de transport și logistică pe anii 2013-2022 nr. 827 din 28.10.2013, publicat în MONITORUL OFICIAL Nr. 243-247/933 din 01.11.2013","5.\tJ. Cooper VISION 2050 A pathway for the evolution of the refining industry and liquid fuels, Fuels Europe, Brussel, 2018","6. Seroca-Stolka O. The development of green logistics for implementation sustainable development strategy in companies, Czestochowa University of Technology, Elsevier, Czestochowa, Polonia, 2014"]}

In this work, we studied the distribution of molecular markers in the chromosomes of tetraploid wheat. This distribution was drawn through the 192 line came from based on a cross between two durum wheat genotypes. The first parental line was a Triticum turgidum ssp. durum (Desf.). The second parental line was a durum wheat genotype derived from a cross between the Triticum turgidum ssp. Durum, (Omrabi 5). One hundred ninety-two F8 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from the above mentioned cross by single-seed descent. A total of 254 markers were analyzed, including 216 microsatellites and 38 SNPs markers. Linkage analysis defined 14 linkage groups. Most markers (57.2%) were found to be located to the A genome, with an average of 12 markers per chromosome. The remaining (42.7%) were located to the B genome. To construct a stabilized (skeleton) map, markers interfering with map stability were removed. Efficient user-friendly methods for mapping plant genomes were highly desirable for the studies marker-assisted selection. SSR (microsatellite) markers are user-friendly and efficient in detecting polymorphism, but they detect few loci. The skeleton map consisted of 100 markers with a total length of 3170.29 cM and an average distance of 31.7 cM between adjacent markers. Majority of the markers showed a statistical significantly Mendelian segregation with 1:1 ratio (α=0.01). The highest percentage of markers was similar with the first parental. This SSR and SNP markers revealed a high proportion of clustering, which may be indicative of gene-rich regions. Some of the SSR, SNP markers were distributed for the first time on the current work. This project provided a useful groundwork for further genetic map, genetic analysis of important quantitative traits, positional cloning, and marker-assisted selection, as well as for genome comparative genomics and genome organization studies in wheat and other cereals.

El aneurisma de la aorta abdominal es una entidad frecuente, muchas veces silenciosa y que puede presentarse como una emergencia que amenaza la vida del paciente. Se describen las técnicas ecográficas para la evaluación de la aorta abdominal y se brindan consejos y trucos para la detección y cuantificación del aneurisma de la aorta abdominal.

It is well known that, in classification problems, the predictive capacity of any decision-making model decreases rapidly with increasing asymmetry of the target variable (Sonquist et al., 1973; Fielding 1977). In particular, in segmentation analysis with a categorical target variable, very poor improvements of purity are obtained when the least represented modality counts less than 1/4 of the cases of the most represented modality. The same problem arises with other (theoretically more exhaustive) techniques such as Artificial Neural Networks. Actually, the optimal situation for classification analyses is the maximum uncertainty, that is, equidistribution of the target variable. Some classification techniques are more robust, by using, for example, the less sensitive logit transformation of the target variable (Fabbris & Martini 2002); however, also the logit transformation is strongly affected by the distributive asymmetry of the target variable. In this paper, starting from the results of a direct survey in which the target (binary) variable was extremely asymmetrical (10% vs. 90%, or greater asymmetry), we noted that also the logit model with the most significant parameters had very reduced fitting measures and almost zero predictive power. To solve this predictive issue, we tested post-stratification techniques, artificially symmetrizing a training sample. In this way, a substantially increase of fitting and predictive capacity was achieved, both in the symmetrized sample and, above all, in the original sample. In conclusion of the paper, an application of the same technique to a dataset of very different nature and size is described, demonstrating that the method is stable even in the case of analysis executed with all data of a population.

The activation of brain nociceptors and neurons may lead to neurogenic inflammation, an event that involves immune cells including mast cells (MCs). Microglia are similar to macrophages and secrete pro-inflammatory IL-1 family members and TNF. TNF is rapidly released (first 10 minutes from MC granules) and is subsequently secreted along with other pro-inflammatory cytokines with a new synthesis after several hours. MC-derived TNF is a very powerful pro-inflammatory cytokine which mediates sensitization of the meningeal nociceptors. Here, we report the involvement of MCs in neuroinflammation, the role of inflammatory cytokine IL-1 family members, and of TNF, as well as the potential inhibition of IL-37.

It has been observed that acute stress causes the activation of TH1 cells, while TH2 cells regulate and act on chronic inflammation. Fibromyalgia (FM) is a chronic, idiopathic disorder which affects about twelve million people in the United States. FM is characterized by chronic widespread pain, fatigue, aching, joint stiffness, depression, cognitive dysfunction and non-restorative sleep. The mechanism of induction of muscle pain and inflammation is not yet clear. In FM there is an increase in reactivity of central neurons with increased sensitivity localized mainly in the CNS. Mast cells are involved in FM by releasing proinflammatory cytokines, chemokines, chemical mediators, and PGD2. TNF is a cytokine generated by MCs and its level is higher in FM. The inhibition of pro-inflammatory IL-1 family members and TNF by IL-37 in FM could have a therapeutic effect. Here, we report for the first time the relationship between MCs, inflammatory cytokines and the new anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-37 in FM.

We consider time-changed diffusions driven by generators with discontinuous coefficients. The PDE's connections are investigated and in particular some results on the asymptotic analysis according to the behaviour of the coefficients are presented.

International audience; Climate change, air pollution, temperature increase and other environmental variables are modifying air quality, contributing to the increase of prevalence of allergic respiratory diseases. Allergies are complex diseases characterized by multilevel interactions between individual susceptibility, response to immune modulation and environmental exposures to physical, chemical and biological agents. Occupational allergies introduce a further complexity to these relationships by adding occupational exposure to both the indoor and outdoor ones in the living environment. Objective. The aim of this paper is to overview climate-related allergy affecting environmental and occupational health, as literature data are scanty in this regard, and to suggest a management model of this risk based on a multidisciplinary approach, taking the case of biological pollution, with details on exposure and prevention. Conclusions. The management of climate-related occupational allergy should take into account preventive health strategies, environmental, public and occupational interventions, as well as to develop, implement, evaluate, and improve guidelines and standards protecting workers health under changing climatic conditions; new tools and strategies based on local conditions will have to be developed. Experimental studies and acquisition of environmental and personal data have to be matched to derive useful information for the scope of occupational health and safety.

Objectives Guinea pigs have been indicated as a potential source of zoophilic dermatophytes that cause human dermatomycosis. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of dermatophytes as well as saprophytic fungi in asymptomatic pet guinea pigs in Southern Italy. Methods Two-hundred pet guinea pigs were enrolled from both private veterinary clinics and pet shops in the Campania region, Italy, from August 2012 to September 2013. Samples were collected using the MacKenzie’s toothbrush technique. The plates were incubated for four weeks at 25°C and identification of the fungal colonies was based on both macroscopic and microscopic characteristics. Results Two pathogenic dermatophytes were isolated in 9 (4·5%) of 200 guinea pigs; Epidermophyton species in 2 (1%) and Scopulariopsis species in 7 (3·5%). Saprophytic dermatophytes were isolated from 151 (75·5%) animals enrolled. No fungal growth was observed in 40 (20%) guinea pigs. Clinical Significance The results of this study indicate a low prevalence of pathogenic dermatophytes in pet guinea pigs in Southern Italy but the presence of Epidermophyton and Scopulariopsis species in asymptomatic pet guinea pigs.

The Royal Geographic Society international conference, Imperial College London, August 27 - 29, 2014., Available online.

We report the construction of modified high M r glutenin subunit genes with variable lengths of the repetitive domain and their expression in Escherichia coli . The modified glutenin subunits showed anomalously slow migration by SDS–PAGE characteristic of these polypeptides. Changes in the size of the repetitive domain correlated with both the migration behaviour on SDS–PAGE and with the surface hydrophobicities of the polypeptides measured by RP–HPLC. These constructs made it possible to obtain direct evidence for the first time that the anomalous electrophoretic mobilities of high M r glutenin subunits in SDS–PAGE, compared with globular proteins, are mainly due to the repetitive domain. These constructs should be useful for establishing the role of the repetitive domain of high M r glutenin subunits in determining the viscoelastic properties of dough. They also offer the possibility of creating new genetic variability for wheat improvement.

Publication Inra prise en compte dans l'analyse bibliométrique des publications scientifiques mondiales sur les Fruits, les Légumes et la Pomme de terre. Période 2000-2012. http://prodinra.inra.fr/record/256699; International audience; The expression analysis of the four polygalacturonase-inhibiting protein (Pgip) genes composing the bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Pgip family showed a pattern of transcriptional variation in young leaves, hypocotyls, roots and pods with Pvpgip1 not expressed, Pvpgip2 expressed in all organs, Pvpgip3 and Pvpgip4 poorly expressed in roots. We compared also transcript accumulation of the four Pvpgip genes during infection of bean plants with the fungal pathogens Botrytis cinerea, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Colletotrichum demuthianum. qRT-PCR analyses showed that the transcript level of Pvpgip1, Pvpgip2 and Pvpgip3 increases significantly following fungal infection, whereas Pvpgip4 remains unchanged. The level of induction was different between the three genes, Pvpgip2 exhibiting the strongest transcript accumulation. The induction pattern was similar in the pathosystems bean-S. sclerotiorum, bean-B. cinerea, and in the compatible interaction bean-C. lindemuthianum, with a maximum of transcript accumulation in the late stage of infection. Instead, in the incompatible interaction bean-C. lindemuthianum, Pvpgip1, Pvpgip2 and Pvpgip3 showed an early and transient transcript accumulation, with Pvpgip2 exhibiting an earlier and higher induction. These results extend previous analyses of the whole Pup gip transcript and provide additional evidences of the relevant role of PvPGIP2 in plant defence.

BACKGROUND: Recently, high-frequency transducers have been introduced in echocardiography laboratories to non-invasively evaluate peripheral arteries. Our aim was to assess the usefulness of these non-invasive vascular ultrasonic techniques in differentiating between ischemic and non-ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy. METHODS: Forty patients with dilated cardiomyopathy of uncertain origin who underwent echocardiographic examination were studied. In all patients, carotid, femoral, and brachial arteries were scanned using high-frequency transducers in order to detect atherosclerotic plaques and to measure intima-media wall thickness. Also, flow-mediated vasodilation was measured at the brachial artery. RESULTS: Of the 40 patients studied, 24 (60%) had significant coronary lesions. In patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy, carotid plaques were found more frequently (79% vs. 25%, p=0.001), and intima-media wall thickness was higher in carotid (1.14+/-0.23 vs. 0.84+/-0.20 mm,0.001), femoral (1.21+/-0.15 vs. 0.90+/-0.17 mm, p0.001), and brachial (0.85+/-0.11 vs. 0.68+/-0.12, p0.001) arteries. Carotid intima-media thickness of 1 mm or more was 83% sensitive and 69% specific for the diagnosis of ischemic cardiomyopathy. The highest diagnostic accuracy for any isolated vascular finding was obtained for femoral intima-media thickness greater than 1.1 mm (83% sensitivity, 88% specificity) and for brachial intima-media thickness greater than 0.7 mm (88% sensitivity and 81% specificity). The highest sensitivity (92%) was obtained for the presence of 1 or more vascular findings, and the highest specificity (94%) for 3 or more vascular findings. CONCLUSION: Non-invasive assessment of peripheral arteries is of help in differentiating between ischemic and non-ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy. These ultrasonic techniques should be considered as complementary examinations in the evaluation of patients with dilated cardiomyopathy in echocardiography laboratories.

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Morphological changes in the oesophageal epithelium of Oreochromis mossambicus, O. niloticus, and O. mossambicus x O. niloticus hybrids were studied during adaptation to sea water. In fresh water, the epithelium is stratified and rich with mucous cells. In salt water, modifications occur in the oesophagus of O. mossambicus and of the hybrid: mucosa folds are more vascularized and covered with a monolayered epithelium, alternating with a multilayered one. The oesophagus of O. niloticus does not seem to be affected by salinity but this species survives only for brief periods in sea water. These observations underline the close relationship between the oesophagus morphology and salinity tolerance in tilapias.

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