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Ouabain (OUA) is a cardiotonic steroid that modulates Na+, K+ -ATPase activity. OUA has been identified as an endogenous substance that is present in human plasma, and it has been shown to be associated with the response to acute stress in both animals and humans. Chronic stress is a major aggravating factor in psychiatric disorders, including depression and anxiety. The present work investigates the effects of the intermittent administration of OUA (1.8 μg/kg) during the chronic unpredictable stress (CUS) protocol in a rat’s central nervous system (CNS). The results suggest that the intermittent OUA treatment reversed CUS-induced HPA axis hyperactivity through a reduction in (i) glucocorticoids levels, (ii) CRH-CRHR1 expression, and by decreasing neuroinflammation with a reduction in iNOS activity, without interfering with the expression of antioxidant enzymes. These changes in both the hypothalamus and hippocampus may reflect in the rapid extinction of aversive memory. The present data demonstrate the ability of OUA to modulate the HPA axis, as well as to revert CUS-induced long-term spatial memory deficits.

Herein, a newly developed non-noble metal water splitting catalyst based on NiCuCoS3 was reported. Water splitting catalysts are largely developed with noble-based transition metals to lower the energy requirement for the overall water splitting reactions. However, the high cost of precious metal-based catalyst necessitated ongoing search for cheap and efficient oxygen and hydrogen evolution reaction catalysts. NiCuCoS3 were prepared by solventless solid state method and was well characterized by several techniques including field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier Transform infrared red spectroscopy (FTIR), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (XEDS). The as-prepared NiCuCoS3 was applied for water splitting activities with satisfactory performance. The onset for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in 1 M KOH was noticed at the electrode potential E = 1.78 V-/RHE (vs. the reversible hydrogen electrode corresponding to an overpotential eta = 0.55 V, with a current density of 10 mA cm(2) obtained at E = 1.92 V-/RHE (eta = 0.69 V). Similarly, the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) occurred at an onset of E = 0.58 V-/RHE, with a current density of 10 mA/cm(2) obtained at E = 0.60 V-/RHE (with h equal to E vs. RHE for the HER). Likewise, OER and HER had Tafel slopes (130 mV/dec and 116 mV/dec respectively). The developed catalyst also showed high stability as established by linear sweep voltammetry, chronoamperometry and chronopotentiometry. This approach is seen as the right track of making water electrolysis for hydrogen energy feasible through provision of low-energy requirement for electrolytic process. (C) 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V.

A fractal, flower petal-like CuS-CuO/G-C3N4 nanocomposite is prepared and applied in a symmetric two-electrode supercapacitor. The preparation of CuS-CuO/G-C3N4 is carried out through the hydrothermal method, in which salts of copper are dissolved and mixed with a suspension of G-C3N4 nanoparticles. A symmetric two-electrode supercapacitor, formed from CuS-CuO/G-C3N4 paste on Au-plates is investigated. The measurements are carried out in diluted 0.5 M HCl, and Whatman filter paper is used as a separator. The supercapacitor electric properties are determined by measuring the charge/discharge, cyclic voltammetry, impedance, and lifetime parameters. An enhancement in the charge/discharge time from 65 to 420 s was recorded while decreasing the current density (J) from 1.0 to 0.3 A/g. The cyclic voltammetry behavior is studied from 50 to 300 mV·s−1, causing a direct increase in the produced J values. The specific capacitance (CS) and energy density (E) values are 370 F/g and 37 W·h·kg−1, respectively. The magnificent properties of the prepared supercapacitor qualify it for industrial applications as an alternative to batteries.

Günümüzde, ITO, FTO gibi n-tipi şeffaf iletken materyaller ticari seviye birçok optoelektronik cihaz uygulamasında kullanılabilecek gelişimi yakalamışken, performansı yeterince yüksek p-tipi şeffaf iletken ince-film materyaller henüz geliştirilememiştir. Bu nedenle, bu tez çalışmasında termal buharlaştırma yöntemi kullanılarak, nanokompozit yapılı (CuS)x:(ZnS)1-x p-tipi şeffaf iletken ince-filmlerin üretilmesi üzerine çalışmalar yürütülmüştür. Bakır sülfür ve çinko sülfür mikro-tozlarının belirli oranda karıştırılmasıyla hazırlanan pellet kaynaklardan termal buharlaştırma yöntemiyle Si ve cam alttaşlar üzerine farklı x değerleri için (CuS)x:(ZnS)1-x ince-filmler büyütülmüştür. Üretilen bu numunelerin X-ışını kırınımı analiziyle iki bileşiğe de ait nano-kristallerinden oluştuğu ve kristal tane boyutlarının (CuS)0,49:(ZnS)0,51 numunesinde 30 ile 86 nm aralığında değiştiği belirlenmiştir. FESEM analiziyle alınan yüzey ve kesit görüntülerinden hem yüzeyin oldukça düzgün ve homojen olduğu hem de kalınlığın üretim esnasında ölçülen değerler (50 nm) ile tutarlı olduğu belirlendi. Ayrıca, FESEM incelemesi sırasında yapılan EDS analiziyle de elementel kompozisyonları belirlendi. Moleküler yapıyı ve bileşen elementlerin iyonik durumlarının incelenmesi için XPS analizi yapıldı, elde edilen bulgularla XRD analizinden elde edilen bulgular doğrulandı. UV-Vis spektrofotometre ölçümleri uygulanarak filmlerin 550 nm dalgaboyundaki optik geçirgenliklerinin %65 ile %83 arasında değiştiği, yani oldukça şeffaf oldukları belirlendi ve enerji bant aralığı (Eg) değerleri Tauc metodu kullanılarak hesaplandı. Hall Etkisi ölçümleriyle elektriksel parametreler belirlendi. (CuS)0,49:(ZnS)0,51 numunesinde 5,24×1021 cm-3 hol konsantrasyonu, 1,69 cm2·V-1·s-1’lik mobilite değerleri ve 1420 S/cm gibi çok yüksek bir p-tipi iletkenlik değeri ölçüldü. Böylesine yüksek hol konsantrasyonuna sahip olmasının nedeni moleküler analiziyle açıklandı. Tüm bunlara ek olarak nanokompozit yapılı (CuS)x:(ZnS)1-x ince-filmlerden Si tabanlı üç tane fotodiyot da üretildi. Spektral fotoakım ölçümleriyle yapılan analizlerle çoğu ticari seviye fotodiyotu aşan foto-duyarlılık ve dedekte edebilme kabiliyetine sırasıyla, 11,4 A/W ve 3,2×1013 Jones değerleriyle sahip olduğu belirlendi. Bununla beraber, yüzde yüzü aşan az rastlanır EQE (kuantum verimi) değeri %2,85×103 (p-CZS49/n-Si için) elde edildi. Today, while n-type transparent conductive materials such as ITO and FTO have achieved the development that can be used in many commercial-level optoelectronic device applications, p-type transparent conductive thin-film materials with high performance have not been developed yet. Therefore, in this thesis, studies were carried out on the production of nanocomposite (CuS)x:(ZnS)1-x p-type transparent conductive thin films by using the thermal evaporation method. (CuS)x:(ZnS)1-x thin-films for different x values were grown on Si and glass substrates by thermal evaporation method from pellet sources prepared by mixing copper sulfide and zinc sulfide micro-powders at a certain rate. By X-ray diffraction analysis of these produced samples, it was determined that they consisted of nano-crystals of both compounds, and the crystal grain sizes in (CuS)0.49:(ZnS)0.51 changed between 30 and 86 nm. From the surface and cross-section images taken by FESEM analysis, it was determined that the surface was quite smooth and homogeneous, and the thickness was consistent with the values measured during production (~50 nm). Additionally, elemental compositions were determined by the EDS analysis performed during the FESEM analysis. XPS analysis was performed to examine the molecular structure and ionic states of the component elements, and the findings obtained from the XRD analysis were confirmed. By applying UV-Vis spectrophotometer measurements, it was determined that the optical transmittance of the films at 550 nm wavelength ranged between 65% and 83%, that is, they were quite transparent, and the energy band gap (Eg) values were calculated using the Tauc method. Electrical parameters were determined by means of Hall Effect measurements. In the (CuS)0.49:(ZnS)0.51 sample, a hole concentration of 5.24×1021 cm-3, mobility value of 1.69 cm2·V-1·s-1 and a very high p-type conductivity value of 1420 S/cm was measured. The reason for having such a high hole concentration was explained by its molecular analysis. In addition to all these, three Si-based photodiodes were produced from nanocomposite (CuS)x:(ZnS)1-x thin films. With the analyzes made from spectral photocurrent measurements, it was determined that it has responsivity and detectivity capabilities, which exceed most commercial-level photodiodes, with 11.4 A/W and 3.2×1013 Jones values, respectively. However, a rare EQE (quantum efficiency) value exceeding one hundred percent was obtained as 2.85×103% (for p-CZS49/n-Si).

Hg(II) ions in wastewater are highly toxic to the environment and human health, yet many materials to remove the ions exhibit lower adsorption efficiency, and few studies report the reuse of Hg(II)-loaded waste materials. Here, a cheap and efficient adsorbent was prepared for the removal of Hg(II) based on corn bracts (CB) loading copper sulfide (CuS), and the Hg(II)-adsorbed material was reused as a photocatalyst. By changing the adsorption variables such as pH, adsorbent dosage, Hg(II) concentration, contact time and coexisting ions, the optimum adsorption conditions were obtained. The study indicated the adsorption capacity and removal rate of CB/CuS reached 249.58 mg/g and 99.83% at pH 6 with 20 mg CB/CuS, 50 mL Hg(II) concentration (100 mg/L) and 60 min, and coexisting ions did not affect the uptake of Hg(II). The adsorption behavior of CB/CuS toward Hg(II) followed pseudo-second-order and Langmuir models, with the theoretical maximum adsorption capacity of 316.46 mg/g. Finally, we explored an alternative strategy to dispose of spent adsorbents by converting the CB/CuS/HgS into a photocatalyst for the degradation of rhodamine B, with a removal rate of 98%. Overall, this work not only develops a promising material for the treatment of Hg(II)-containing wastewater, but opens up a new approach for the use of the waste adsorbent. HIGHLIGHTS Corn bracts as a carrier of CuS was designed for rapid uptake of Hg(II).; The removal rate of the adsorbent could reach 99.83% in only 60 min.; The theoretical maximum could reach 316.46 mg/g.; Coexisting ions had no significant effect on selective Hg(II) ion removal.; The spent adsorbent was used for photodegradation reaction.

Metal sulfide is often utilized as a catalyzed material to form colorimetric response system for some heavy metal detection. While the aggregation effect and conventional morphology limited the catalyzed efficiency. Herein, a robust method based on morphology adjustment was proposed to improve the dispersibility and catalytic performance of CuS. The results demonstrated when the solvent ratio of ethylene glycol and dimethyl sulfoxide arrived at 3:1, it displayed an optimal structure which is like a patulous flower. Meanwhile, an optimal surface binding energy (ΔE) of 120.1 kcal/mol was obtained via theoretical calculation model. The flower-like structure caused a 2-fold increase in the catalytic level. Subsequently, the CuS was employed to make colorimetric detection of Cr(VI) in water. The assay results exhibited a linear range of the Cr(VI) from 60 to 340 nM, the limit of detection was 1.07 nM. In the practical tests for Qianhu lake water, the spiked recoveries were 93.6% and 104% with the RSD of 4.71% and 3.08%. Therefore, this CuS-based colorimetric method possesses a satisfactory application prospect for the Cr(VI) determination in water.

The functional properties of (1-x)CuCo2O4/(x)CuS nanocomposite as an improved supercapacitor electrode have been investigated. X-ray diffraction with Rietveld analysis, HRTEM, FESEM, and FTIR techniques were employed for the full structural characterization of the nanocomposites. The particle size and morphology, the phase composition and percentage, the lattice parameters, the cation distribution and the crystallite size were accurately determined for the prepared samples. The variation of the bandgap of the phases developed with the alloying parameter (x) was studied utilizing the UV diffuse spectrum. All samples exhibited a blue shift except the sample with x = 0.25, it revealed a redshift. The photoluminescence intensity and the color emitted were affected by CuCo2O4 and CuS alloying. The preliminary test of cyclic voltammetry (CV) proved that alloying of CuS nanoparticles with CuCo2O4 enhanced the electrochemical activities, and optimum performance achieved with allying ratio x = 0.25.

MXene, a novel two-dimensional (2D) multi-layer material, has drawn unusual interest as the microwave absorbers for electromagnetic energy attenuation. Synthetic MXene-based heterostructure composites via optimizing structure is an effective strategy to endow MXene materials with high-performance microwave absorption. This study reports the fabrication and investigation of the microwave absorption performance of a sandwich-like CuS/Ti3C2Tx MXene composites prepared by loading CuS nanoparticles onto 2D Ti3C2Tx via a solvothermal method. The morphology and electromagnetic absorption properties of this composite were investigated and the results demonstrated that the CuS/Ti3C2Tx composite with a heterolayered architecture displayed superior microwave absorption ability. With a 35 wt% filler loading in the paraffin matrix, the minimum reflection loss value reached −45.3 dB at a frequency of 7.3 GHz and the effective absorption bandwidth achieved a value as high as 5.2 GHz with a thickness of 2.0 mm. The enhanced microwave absorption performances can be ascribed to the cooperation of the conductive network, interface polarization, dipole polarization, multiple reflection and scattering. Therefore, the synthesized CuS/Ti3C2Tx MXene composites offer an efficient foundation for the design and utilization of other lightweight microwave absorbers.

Although transition metal sulfides have presented prospect in electrochemical sensing, their electrocatalytic performance still cannot meet the demands for practical applications due to the difficulties in mass transport and electron transfer. In this work, double-shelled CuS nanocages (2-CuS NCs) were prepared for enzyme-free ascorbic (AA) sensor through a Cu2O- templated method. The unique double-shelled hollow structure displayed large specific surface areas, ordered diffusion channels, increased volume occupying rate, and accelerated electron transfer rate, resulting in enhanced electrochemical dynamic. As a sensing electrode for AA, 2-CuS NCs modified glassy carbon electrode (2-CuS NCs/GCE) exhibited eminent electrocatalytic activity in terms of satisfying sensitivity (523.7 μA mM−1 cm−2), short response time (0.31 s), and low limit of detection (LOD, 0.15 μM). 2-CuS NCs look promising for analytical sensing of AA in electrochemical sensors thanks to its prominent electrocatalytic kinetics issued from double-shelled hollow porous structure.

There are growing interests in the development of bifunctional semiconducting nanostructures for photocatalysis and real-time monitoring of degradation process on catalysts. Defect engineering is a low-cost approach to manipulating the properties of semiconductors. Herein, we prepared CuS nanoplates by a hydrothermal method at increasing amounts of thioacetamide (CS-1, CS-2, and CS-3) and investigated the influence of sulfur vacancy (Vs) on surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) and photocatalysis performance. SERS intensity of 4-nitrobenzenethiol on CS-3 is 346 and 17 times that of CS-1 and CS-2, respectively, and enhancement factor is 1.34 × 104. Moreover, SERS is successfully applied to monitor the photodegradation of methyl orange. In addition, CS-3 also exhibited higher efficiency of Cr(VI) photoreduction than CS-1 and CS-2, and removal rate is 88%, 96%, and 73% under 2 h UV, 4 h visible, and 4 h near-infrared illumination, respectively. A systematic study including electron paramagnetic resonance spectra, photoelectrochemical measurements, and nitrogen adsorption isotherms were conducted to investigate the underlying mechanism. This work may help to understand the impact of vacancy defect on SERS and photocatalysis, and provide an effective and low-cost approach for the design of multifunctional materials.

The JAK/STAT signal pathway is a system of intracellular proteins used by many cytokines and growth factors to express genes responsible for the process of cell activation, proliferation and differentiation. There has been numerous inflammatory and autoimmune diseases identified where the JAK/STAT signaling is disrupted; however, there are only a few papers concerning autoimmune bullous diseases published. The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of proteins: JAK3, STAT2, STAT4 and STAT6 in epithelium lesions in patients with pemphigus vulgaris (PV), bullous pemphigoid (BP), oral lichen planus (LP) and chronic ulcerative stomatitis (CUS), as well as in the control group. Immunohistochemistry and immunoblotting were used to evaluate expression of selected proteins. We found significantly higher expression of selected JAK/STAT proteins in oral mucosa lesions in study groups in comparison to the control group, which indicates participation of JAK/STAT pathway in pathogenesis of these diseases. In BP and PV there were no increased STAT2 expression, whereas in CUS and LP no increased STAT4 expression occurred. The differences in expression of JAK/STAT proteins in selected disorders have been observed. These results create new potential therapeutic targets for the treatment.

Chalcocite is the most abundant secondary copper sulfide globally, with the highest copper content, and is easily treated by conventional hydrometallurgical processes, making it a very profitable mineral for extraction. Among the various leaching processes to treat chalcocite, chloride media show better results and have a greater industrial boom. Chalcocite dissolution is a two-stage process, the second being much slower than the first. During the second stage, in the first instance, it is possible to oxidize the covellite in a wide range of chloride concentrations or redox potentials (up to 75% extraction of Cu). Subsequently, CuS2 is formed, which is to be oxidized. It is necessary to work at high concentrations of chloride (>2.5 mol/L) and/or increase the temperature to reach a redox potential of over 650 mV, which in turn decreases the thickness of the elemental sulfur layer on the mineral surface, facilitating chloride ions to generate a better porosity of this. Finally, it is concluded that the most optimal way to extract copper from chalcocite is, during the first stage, to work with high concentrations of chloride (50–100 g/L) and low concentrations of sulfuric acid (0.5 mol/L) at a temperature environment, as other variables become irrelevant during this stage if the concentration of chloride ions in the system is high. While in the second stage, it is necessary to increase the temperature of the system (moderate temperatures) or incorporate a high concentration of some oxidizing agent to avoid the passivation of the mineral.

Most of the copper sulfide synthetic approaches developed until now are still facing issues in their procedure, such as long synthesis duration, high energetic consumption, and high implementation costs. This publication reports a facile and sustainable approach for synthesizing copper sulfides on a large scale. In particular, an industrial by-product of sulfur waste was used as a sulfurizing agent for copper sulfide synthesis in a water medium. The reaction was performed in the hydrothermal environment by following a novel proposed mechanism of copper sulfide formation. The investigation of morphological and optical properties revealed that the target products obtained by using waste possess the resembling properties as the ones synthesized from the most conventional sulfurizing agent. Since the determined band gap of synthesis products varied from 1.72 to 1.81 eV, the photocatalytic properties, triggered under visible light irradiation, were also investigated by degrading the methylene blue as a model pollutant. Importantly, the degradation efficiency of the copper sulfide synthesized from sulfur waste was equivalent to a sample obtained from a reference sulfurizing agent since the value for both samples was 96% in 180 min. This very simple synthetic approach opens up a new way for large-scale sustainable production of visible-light-driven photocatalysts for water purification from organic pollutants.

The effect of flash-lamp annealing (FLA) on the re-crystallization of thin films made of colloidal Cu2ZnSnS4 nanocrystals (NCs) is investigated by Raman spectroscopy. Unlike similar previous studies of NCs synthesized at high temperatures in organic solvents, NCs in this work, which have diameters as small as 2–6 nm, were synthesized under environmentally friendly conditions in aqueous solution using small molecules as stabilizers. We establish the range of FLA conditions providing an efficient re-crystallization in the thin film of NCs, while preserving their kesterite structure and improving their crystallinity remarkably. The formation of secondary phases at higher FLA power densities, as well as the dependence of the formation on the film thickness are also investigated. Importantly, no inert atmosphere for the FLA treatment of the NCs is required, which makes this technology even more suitable for mass production, in particular for printed thin films on flexible substrates.

Covellite is a secondary copper sulfide, and it is not abundant. There are few investigations on this mineral in spite of it being formed during the leaching of chalcocite or digenite, the other investigations on covellite are with the use of mineraloids, copper concentrates, and synthetic covellite. The present investigation applied the surface optimization methodology using a central composite face design to evaluate the effect of leaching time, chloride concentration, and sulfuric acid concentration on the level of copper extraction from covellite (84.3% of purity). Copper is dissolved from a sample of pure covellite without the application of temperature or pressure, the importance of its purity is that the behavior of the parameters is analyzed, isolating the impurities that affect leaching. The chloride came from NaCl, and it was effectuated in a size range from &ndash, 150 to +106 &mu, m. An ANOVA indicated that the leaching time and chloride concentration have the most significant influence, while the copper extraction was independent of sulfuric acid concentration. The experimental data were described by a highly representative quadratic model obtained by linear regression (R2 = 0.99).

Copper sulfide (CuS) thin films were prepared on commercial glass substrates by Chemical Bath Deposition (CBD) method using solution of different copper salts at 50 °C temperature for seven hours. Different anions of copper salts that is crucial for the properties of the films affect the precipitation mechanism and growth rate. For this reason, the effect of the different copper salts on the properties of CuS thin films was investigated and discussed. The influence of the different copper salts in the chemical bath was determined by means of optical transmission of the thin films in the wavelength range of 400–1100 nm taken at room temperature. Next, using these data, the optical band gap values Eg, the extinction coefficient k, the refractive index n, and the real ?1 and imaginary parts ?2 of the dielectric constant were calculated. The crystallographic structure of CuS thin films were analyzed with an X-ray diffractometer (XRD). XRD analysis was revealed the polycrystalline and hexagonal phase of CuS thin films. The surface roughness of the films were measured by AFM. The surface roughness of the thin films was different despite the same deposition time. © 2018 Elsevier GmbH FEF2012D5 This work was supported by Cukurova University under FEF2012D5 project number.

Xiangyang Cheng,1,* Dejian Li,2,* Aiqi Lin,3 Jun Xu,1 Liang Wu,1 Huijie Gu,1 Zhongyue Huang,1 Jiangyi Liu,1 Yiming Zhang,1 Xiaofan Yin1 1Department of Orthopedics, Minhang Branch, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201199, China; 2Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai 201301, China; 3Department of Retired, Minhang Branch, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201199, China *These authors contributed equally to this work Introduction: For an ideal drug delivery system, the outstanding drug-loading capacity and specific control of the release of therapeutics at the desired lesions are crucial. In this work, we developed a triple-responsive nanoplatform based on copper sulfide (CuS)-capped yolk-shell-structured periodic mesoporous organosilica nanoparticles (YSPMOs) for synergetic chemo-photothermal therapy. Methods: Herein, the YSPMOs were employed as a drug carrier, which exhibited a high doxorubicin (DOX) loading capacity of 386 mg/g. In this controlled-release drug delivery system, CuS serves as a gatekeeper to modify YSPMOs with reduction-cleavable disulfide bond (YSPMOs@CuS). CuS could not only avoid premature leakage in the delivery process, but also endowed the excellent photothermal therapy (PTT) ability. Results: Upon entering into cancer cells, the CuS gatekeeper was opened with the breaking of disulfide bonds and the DOX release from YSPMOs(DOX)@CuS in response to the intracellular acidic environment and external laser irradiation. Such a precise control over drug release, combined with the photothermal effect of CuS nanoparticles, is possessed by synergistic chemo-photothermal therapy for cancer treatment. Both in vitro and in vivo experimental data indicated that the synergistic effect of YSPMOs(DOX)@CuS showed efficient antitumor effect. In addition, low systemic toxicity was observed in the pathologic examinations of liver, spleen, lungs, and kidneys. Conclusion: This versatile nanoplatform combination of PTT, chemotherapeutics, and gating components shows general potential for designing multifunctional drug delivery systems. Keywords: periodic mesoporous organosilica, CuS, triple-responsive release, chemo-photothermal therapy

Xiangyang Cheng,1,* Dejian Li,2,* Aiqi Lin,3 Jun Xu,1 Liang Wu,1 Huijie Gu,1 Zhongyue Huang,1 Jiangyi Liu,1 Yiming Zhang,1 Xiaofan Yin1 1Department of Orthopedics, Minhang Branch, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201199, China; 2Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai 201301, China; 3Department of Retired, Minhang Branch, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201199, China *These authors contributed equally to this work Introduction: For an ideal drug delivery system, the outstanding drug-loading capacity and specific control of the release of therapeutics at the desired lesions are crucial. In this work, we developed a triple-responsive nanoplatform based on copper sulfide (CuS)-capped yolk-shell-structured periodic mesoporous organosilica nanoparticles (YSPMOs) for synergetic chemo-photothermal therapy. Methods: Herein, the YSPMOs were employed as a drug carrier, which exhibited a high doxorubicin (DOX) loading capacity of 386 mg/g. In this controlled-release drug delivery system, CuS serves as a gatekeeper to modify YSPMOs with reduction-cleavable disulfide bond (YSPMOs@CuS). CuS could not only avoid premature leakage in the delivery process, but also endowed the excellent photothermal therapy (PTT) ability. Results: Upon entering into cancer cells, the CuS gatekeeper was opened with the breaking of disulfide bonds and the DOX release from YSPMOs(DOX)@CuS in response to the intracellular acidic environment and external laser irradiation. Such a precise control over drug release, combined with the photothermal effect of CuS nanoparticles, is possessed by synergistic chemo-photothermal therapy for cancer treatment. Both in vitro and in vivo experimental data indicated that the synergistic effect of YSPMOs(DOX)@CuS showed efficient antitumor effect. In addition, low systemic toxicity was observed in the pathologic examinations of liver, spleen, lungs, and kidneys. Conclusion: This versatile nanoplatform combination of PTT, chemotherapeutics, and gating components shows general potential for designing multifunctional drug delivery systems. Keywords: periodic mesoporous organosilica, CuS, triple-responsive release, chemo-photothermal therapy

Background: Z-guggulsterone, an active compound extracted from the gum resin of the tree Commiphora mukul, has been shown to improve animal memory deficits via activating the brain-derived neurotrophic factor signaling pathway. Here, we investigated the antidepressant-like effect of Z-guggulsterone in a chronic unpredictable stress mouse model of depression. Methods: The effects of Z-guggulsterone were assessed in mice with the tail suspension test and forced swimming test. Z-guggulsterone was also investigated in the chronic unpredictable stress model of depression with fluoxetine as the positive control. Changes in hippocampal neurogenesis as well as the brain-derived neurotrophic factor signaling pathway after chronic unpredictable stress/Z-guggulsterone treatment were investigated. The tryptophan hydroxylase inhibitor and the tyrosine kinase B inhibitor were also used to explore the antidepressant-like mechanisms of Z-guggulsterone. Results: Z-guggulsterone (10, 30 mg/kg) administration protected the mice against the chronic unpredictable stress-induced increases in the immobile time in the tail suspension test and forced swimming test and also reversed the reduction in sucrose intake in sucrose preference experiment. Z-guggulsterone (10, 30 mg/kg) administration prevented the reductions in brain-derived neurotrophic factor protein expression levels as well as the phosphorylation levels of cAMP response element binding protein, extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2, and protein kinase B in the hippocampus and cortex induced by chronic unpredictable stress. Z-guggulsterone (10, 30 mg/kg) treatment also improved hippocampal neurogenesis in chronic unpredictable stress-treated mice. Blockade of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor signal, but not the monoaminergic system, attenuated the antidepressant-like effects of Z-guggulsterone. Conclusions: Z-guggulsterone exhibits antidepressant activity via activation of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor signaling pathway and upregulation of hippocampal neurogenesis.

An effective and practical in situ sulfuration approach has been developed in this work, for the fabrication of CuS with a 3D hierarchical network structure under mild preparation conditions. The prepared CuS consists of a primary structure of the multi-structure interchange copper foam precursor, and a secondary structure of nanoplates. The structural characteristics, morphologies, and photocatalytic performances of the prepared photocatalyst were investigated systematically. To evaluate the photocatalytic performance of the prepared CuS samples, we investigated the degradation of MB (methylene blue), RhB (Rhodamine B), and MB/RhB dye solutions over the samples under the irradiation of simulated solar light. Specifically, the degradation of RhB rapidly reached &asymp, 100.0% after simulated solar light irradiation for 25 min, which is higher than those of P25 (83.0%) and bulk CuS (54.8%). For the mixed systems of MB/RhB, both the degradations of MB and RhB reached up to &asymp, 99.0% after simulated solar light irradiation for 25 min. The superior photocatalytic performances of the prepared samples are attributed to the synergistic effects of high optical absorption, large specific surface area, and abundant active sites. The prepared catalysts can retain the photocatalytic activities during the entire reaction process without significant loss after four catalytic cycles, which reveals that the CuS with a stable 3D hierarchical network structure has a promising prospect as an ideal recyclable catalyst.

Copper sulfide nanoparticles (CuS NPs) have recently attracted extensive attention in various fields due to their excellent optical and electrical properties. However, CuS NPs are easy to agglomerate in their preparation on account of the high surface activity. In this study, uniform dispersion of CuS NPs were fabricated with corn stalk as a template and stabilizer, further CuS@corn stalk/chitin composite hydrogel was obtained by crosslinking with chitin. The results reveal that the CuS NPs were evenly dispersed into the composite hydrogels with a three-dimensional network structure, which were verified by the UV-vis spectrum, XRD, FT-IR spectra and SEM. In addition, the as-prepared composite hydrogel with the traits of peroxidase-like activity can convert H2O2 into an extremely oxidative and toxic &middot, OH, which manifested good effects for photodegradation of RhB and antibacterial against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Hence, the composite hydrogels could be used for photocatalytic treatment and sterilization of wastewater, which provides a new idea for the functional application of CuS NPs.

CuS nanoflowers were loaded on anatase TiO2/polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) fibers by hydrothermal treated electrospun tetrabutyl orthotitanate (TBOT)/PVDF fibers at low temperature. The results indicated that the amount of copper source and sulfur source determined the crystallization and morphology of the resultant products. It was found that the composite of CuS narrowed the band gap energy of TiO2 and enhanced the separation efficiency of the photogenerated electron-hole pairs of TiO2. The photocatalytic reaction rate of CuS/TiO2/PVDF fibers to rhodamine B was 3 times higher than that of TiO2/PVDF fibers under visible light irradiation. Besides, owing to the preparation process was carried out at low temperature, the flexibility of CuS/TiO2/PVDF fibers was ensured. In addition, the self-cleaning performance of the dye droplets on the resultant product surface was demonstrated under visible light. Meanwhile, the resultant product can automatically remove dust on the surface of the material under the rolling condition of droplets due to its hydrophobicity. Therefore, the as-prepared CuS/TiO2/PVDF fibers can not only degrade the contaminated compounds, but also depress the maintenance cost owing to its self-cleaning performance, which means a very practical application prospect. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s11671-019-3052-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Ketamine is an N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor antagonist that has gained wide attention as a potent antidepressant. It has also been recently reported to have prophylactic effects in animal models of depression and anxiety. Alterations of neuroplasticity in different brain regions, such as the hippocampus, prefrontal cortex, and amygdala, are a hallmark of stress-related disorders, and such changes may endure beyond the treatment of symptoms. The present study investigated whether a prophylactic injection of ketamine has effects on structural plasticity in the brain in mice that are subjected to chronic unpredictable stress followed by an 8-day recovery period. Ketamine administration (3 mg/kg body weight) 1 h before stress exposure increased the number of resilient animals immediately after the cessation of stress exposure and positively influenced the recovery of susceptible animals to hedonic deficits. At the end of the recovery period, ketamine-treated animals exhibited significant differences in dendritic spine density and dendritic spine morphology in brain regions associated with depression compared with saline-treated animals. These results confirm previous findings of the prophylactic effects of ketamine and provide further evidence of an association between the antidepressant-like effect of ketamine and alterations of structural plasticity in the brain

La levadura Candida fukuyamaensis RCL-3 presenta la capacidad de disminuir la concentración de cobre presente en un medio de cultivo. Observamos que la presencia de altas concentraciones de cobre cambia el color de las células de blanco/crema a marrón. La coloración desaparece cuando las células son tratadas KCN o cuando crecen en un medio sin adición de iones sulfato. Estos resultados se corresponden con la probable formación de biominerales de CuS sobre la superficie de las células. En este informe ponemos en evidencia que la mineralización sería un mecanismo utilizado por la levadura estudiada para biorremediar el cobre. Candida fukuyamaensis RCL-3 yeast has the ability to decrease copper concentration in a culture medium. High copper concentrations change the cell color from white/cream to brown. The effect of color change ceases with the addition of KCN or when cells are grown in a culture medium without sulfate ions. These results could be associated with CuS bioaccumulation in the cell surface. This report revealed that mineralization would be a mechanism used by this yeast for copper bioremediation. Fil: Irazusta, Verónica Patricia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales Microbiológicos; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Salta. Instituto de Investigaciones Para la Industria Química. Universidad Nacional de Salta. Facultad de Ingeniería. Instituto de Investigaciones Para la Industria Química; Argentina Fil: Michel, Lucas. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales Microbiológicos; Argentina Fil: Castellanos, Lucia Ines. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales Microbiológicos; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán; Argentina

Copper sulfide (CuS) is an attractive electrode material for batteries, thanks to its intrinsic mixed conductivity, ductility and high theoretical specific capacity of 560 mAh g−1. Here, CuS is studied as cathode material in lithium solid-state batteries with an areal loading of 8.9 mg cm−2 that theoretically corresponds to 4.9 mAh cm−2. The configuration of the cell is LiLi3PS4[CuS (70 wt%) + Li3PS4 (30 wt%)]. No conductive additive is used. CuS undergoes a displacement reaction with lithium, leading to macroscopic phase separation between the discharge products Cu and Li2S. In particular, Cu forms a network of micrometer-sized, well-crystallized particles that seems to percolate through the electrode. The formed copper is visible to the naked eye. The initial specific discharge capacity at 0.1 C is 498 mAh g(CuS)−1, i.e., 84% of its theoretical value. The initial Coulomb efficiency (ICE) reaches 95%, which is higher compared to standard carbonate-based liquid electrolytes for the same cell chemistry (≈70%). After 100 cycles, the specific capacity reaches 310 mAh g(CuS)−1. With the current composition, the cell provides 58.2 Wh kg−1 at a power density of 7 W kg−1, which is superior compared to other transition metal sulfide cathodes.

Department of Nuclear Physics, Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai-600 025, India E-mail: stephen_arum@hotmail.com Manuscript received online 28 August 2018, accepted 10 October 2018 CuS nanoparticles are unique among copper based nanocomposites owing to its numerous applications such as sensing, imaging, photothermal abalation, supercapacitors, solar cell, drug delivery etc. In this report, simple thermal assisted synthesis of CuS nanoparticles was attempted. The material was analyzed for its structural property from XRD analysis and optimized to yield single phase of CuS semiconductor. Optical property of as-synthesized CuS semiconductor was studied using UV-Vis spectroscopy and band gap was calculated. The photocatalytic activity of the CuS was studied using crystal violet as model pollutant.

Title: GDPR in non-profit organization Objectives: The theoretical part summarizes the laws, regulations and regulations in the field of GDPR. The practical part focuses on the specific area of sport and the GDPR solution in ČUS and ČOV organizations. The main objective of the work is to evaluate the GDPR procedures and recommendations for the non-profit organizations made by CUS and ČOV organization, their comparison and recommendations for improvement of the final document related to regulation of GDPR in general in Czech sport area. Methods: The work includes analysis, evaluation, comparison and adequate proposals together with recommendations for improvement. Relevant data are obtained from available documents and on the basis of semi-structured interviews with selected representatives and members of ČUS, ČOV and specialized companies processing GDPRs in these organizations. Results: In order to examine the available documents on GDPR in sport, it was found that the Česká unie sportu is the most active in this topic and tries to publish all documents on the website. The aim of this work was to create a handbook that could be helpful in capturing and processing GDPR in smaller sports non-profit organizations that are not under the directions of a larger roof organization. Keywords: GDPR, ČUS,...

Cu2O/CuO/CuS electrocatalyst was prepared by thermal oxidation of cleaned copper mesh in the air into Cu2O/CuO and CuS was deposited on oxide surface using facile successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction method. The successive fabrication of the electrocatalyst was confirmed using XRD, SEM, Raman and XPS. The catalytic enhancement is believed to be associated with the reduction of copper sulfide. Together with copper oxides, they offer favorable adsorption sites for electrochemical CO2 reduction. The synthesized catalyst offered significantly enhanced activity and selectivity performance for CO2 reduction at lower overpotential. Remarkably, the faradaic efficiency for formate generation reaches 84% at the potential of − 0.7 V versus RHE. It has also provided a high partial current density of − 20 mA cm− 2.

Septiembre marcó el 40 aniversario de Alma Ata, célebre Conferencia Internacional sobre Atención Primaria de la Salud organizada por la OMS/OPS y UNICEF, y patrocinada por la URSS. Su lema, “Salud para todos en el año 2000”, sigue vigente -aunque sin precisión temporal en lo que se conoce como Cobertura Universal de Salud, mediante lo que podría considerarse una apropiación ilícita, si partimos del sentido común que tensiona y antagoniza estos dos eventos. Fil: Casali, Romina. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Sociales. Departamento de Arqueología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina

We report the synthesis and structural studies of copper sulfide nanocrystals from copper (II) dithiocarbamate single molecule precursors. The precursors were thermolysed in hexadecylamine (HDA) to prepare HDA-capped CuS nanocrystals. The optical properties of the nanocrystals studied using UV–visible and photoluminescence spectroscopy showed absorption band edges at 287 nm that are blue shifted, and the photoluminescence spectra show emission curves that are red-shifted with respect to the absorption band edges. These shifts are as a result of the small crystallite sizes of the nanoparticles leading to quantum size effects. The structural studies were carried out using powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and atomic force microscopy. The XRD patterns indicates that the CuS nanocrystals are in hexagonal covellite crystalline phases with estimated particles sizes of 17.3–18.6 nm. The TEM images showed particles with almost spherical or rod shapes, with average crystallite sizes of 3–9.8 nm. SEM images showed morphology with ball-like microspheres on the surfaces, and EDS spectra confirmed the presence of CuS nanoparticles.

Jie Sheng,1,2 Beibei Ma,1 Qian Yang,1 Chao Zhang,2 Zhongying Jiang,1,2 Entomack Borrathybay3 1College of Electronic and Information Engineering, Yili Normal University, Micro-nano Electric Sensing Technology and Bionic Devices Key Laboratory, Yining 835000, China; 2Physics School of Nanjing University, Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Nanjing 210093, China; 3College of Biology and Geography Sciences, Yili Normal University, Yining 835000, Xinjiang, China Introduction: In recent years, near-infrared laser-induced photothermal therapy is being considered as a promising approach to kill tumors owing to its noninvasive nature and excellent antitumor efficiency. However, the lack of ideal photothermal agents hinders further development of this technology. Materials and methods: Aiming at solving this long-standing obstacle, we report here about the polyethylene glycol (PEG)-DA modified copper sulfide (CuS) nanoparticles (NPs) (PEG-DA-CuS NPs), a kind of semiconductor photothermal agents that show excellent photothermal stability and high heat conversion efficiency. Results and discussion: Owing to the surrounding PEG, the water solubility of CuS NPs was significantly improved when circulating in blood in the body. When the NPs reached the tumors and were irradiated by a 1,064 nm laser (1 W/cm2, 10 minutes), the local temperature increased above 90°C, triggering the retro Diels–Alder reaction. After the release of PEG chain, CuS NPs soon formed aggregates and enriched the tumor via the enhanced permeability and retention effect, promoting the efficacy of photothermal therapy. Conclusion: Therefore, we believe PEG-DA-CuS NPs are able to serve as a kind of cytotoxic and efficient photothermal agent to kill cancer. Keywords: CuS, PEG, retro Diels–Alder reaction, excellent photothermal stability, high heat conversion efficiency, aggregation in tumor

Transparent diodes formed by a heterojunction between p-type CuS–ZnS and n-type ZnO thin films were fabricated by sequential chemical bath deposition and sol-gel spin coating. The diodes are transparent in the visible (≈70% at 550 nm) and exhibit a good rectifying characteristics, with If/Ir ratios of up to 800 at ±1 V, higher than most of the reported solution-processed diodes measured at a similar bias. More importantly, when operated as a self-powered (zero bias) UV photodetector, they show stable and fast (

© 2017 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim Transparent diodes formed by a heterojunction between p-type CuS–ZnS and n-type ZnO thin films were fabricated by sequential chemical bath deposition and sol-gel spin coating. The diodes are transparent in the visible (≈70% at 550 nm) and exhibit a good rectifying characteristics, with If/Irratios of up to 800 at ±1 V, higher than most of the reported solution-processed diodes measured at a similar bias. More importantly, when operated as a self-powered (zero bias) UV photodetector, they show stable and fast (

Copper sulphide CuS was deposited on three substrates; glass, Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) and Ti by using spray pyrolysis deposition (SPD). After depositing CuS thin films on the substrates at 200 °C, they were annealed at 50, 100, 150, and 200 °C for 1 hour. Structural measurements revealed covellite CuS and chalcocite Cu2S phases for thin films before and after annealing at 200 °C with changes in intensities, and only covellite CuS phase for thin films after annealing at 50, 100, and 150 °C. Morphological characteristics show hexagonal-cubic crystals for the CuS thin film deposited on glass substrate and plates structures for films deposited on ITO and Ti substrates before annealing, these crystals became bigger in size and there were be oxidation and some agglomerations in some regions with formation of plates for CuS on glass substrate after annealing at 200 °C. For Hall Effect measurements, thin films sheet resistivity and mobility increased after annealing while the carrier concentration decreased. Generally, the thin film deposited on ITO substrate had the lowest resistivity and the highest carrier concentration before and after annealing. The thin film deposited on Ti substrate had the highest mobility before and after annealing, which makes it the best thin film for device performance. The objective of this research is to show the improvement of thin films electrical properties especially the mobility after annealing those thin films.

We report the synthesis and structural studies of copper sulfide nanocrystals from copper(II) dithiocarbamate single molecule precursors. The optical studies of the as-prepared copper sulfide nanoparticles were carried out using UV–Visible and photoluminescence spectroscopy. The absorption spectra show absorption band edges at 287 nm and exhibit considerable blue shift that could be ascribed to the quantum confinement effects as a result of the small crystallite sizes of the nanoparticles and the photoluminescence spectra show emission curves that are red shifted with respect to the absorption band edges. The structural studies were carried out using powder X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy. The XRD patterns revealed the formation of hexagonal structure of covellite CuS with estimated crystallite sizes of 17.3–18.6 nm. The TEM images showed particles with almost spherical or rod shapes with average crystallite sizes of 3–9.8 nm. SEM images showed morphology with ball-like microsphere on the surfaces and EDS spectra confirmed the presence of CuS nanoparticles. Keywords: CuS, Dithiocarbamate, Nanoparticles, Electron microscopy, AFM

Actively targeted theranostic nanomedicine may be the key for future personalized cancer management. Although numerous types of theranostic nanoparticles have been developed in the past decade for cancer treatment, challenges still exist in the engineering of biocompatible theranostic nanoparticles with highly specific in vivo tumor targeting capabilities. Here, we report the design, synthesis, surface engineering, and in vivo active vasculature targeting of a new category of theranostic nanoparticle for future cancer management. Water-soluble photothermally sensitive copper sulfide nanoparticles were encapsulated in biocompatible mesoporous silica shells, followed by multistep surface engineering to form the final theranostic nanoparticles. Systematic in vitro targeting, an in vivo long-term toxicity study, photothermal ablation evaluation, in vivo vasculature targeted imaging, biodistribution and histology studies were performed to fully explore the potential of as-developed new theranostic nanoparticles.

To make full use of the solar energy, it remains a great challenge for semiconductor photocatalysts to harvest the full solar light spectrum from ultraviolet (UV) to visible even the near infrared (NIR) wavelength. Here we show firstly the CuS/RGO (reduced graphene oxide) hybrid photocatalyst synthesized via a microwave assisted method with full solar light (UV–Vis-NIR) active for efficient Cr(VI) reduction. The CuS/RGO displays high absorption and catalytic activity in the UV, visible and even the NIR light regions. As co-catalyst, RGO can separate and inhibit the recombination of charge carriers, consequently improving the catalytic activity. Only 1 wt% RGO emersions can reduce 90% of Cr(VI) under the radiation of light over the full spectrum. Findings may provide a new strategy and substance to expand the utilization range of solar light from UV to visible even the NIR energy.

CuS nanostructures have been prepared by hydrothermal route using copper nitrate and thiourea as copper and sulfur precursors. Investigations were done to probe the effect of cationic surfactant viz. cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide on the morphology of the products. Further studies have been done to know the influence of reaction time on the morphology of CuS nanostructures. Results demonstrated that the morphology of CuS was influenced by the reaction time and surfactant. X-ray diffraction pattern showed that the as-prepared CuS nanostructures were in pure hexagonal phase and UV-vis spectra reveal a strong absorption in the visible region of 400-800 nm. A detailed mechanism has been elucidated for the growth of CuS nanostructures. The photocatalytic activity was evaluated by the decolorization of methylene blue (MB) dye under visible-light irradiation and results showed that 87% of the dye was degraded. Thus the as-prepared CuS catalysts are highly promising materials for photocatalytic applications towards dye degradation. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

The content of this bachelor thesis analyses measurement methods of inventories according to Czech accounting legislation and International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS). Prior to the analysis, the accounting approaches themselves and the exact objective of inventories are described. The aim of the thesis is to compare measurement methods of inventories according to Czech legislation and IFRS with emphasis on the evaluation of their differences.

Dissertação de mestrado em Ciências e Tecnologias do Ambiente – Energia, Com o aumento do interesse nas energias limpas e renováveis como alternativa aos combustíveis fósseis é de grande importância que essas tecnologias se estabeleçam como economicamente viáveis na atualidade, para que avanços no setor energético mundial possam de fato ocorrer. Na produção de energia a partir de fontes renováveis, a energia solar tem-se revelado cada vez mais atrativa para produção de energia elétrica. As células fotovoltaicas têm sido desenvolvidas no sentido de se obter maior eficiência de conversão de energia solar em energia elétrica. Assim como a sua produção tem sido desenvolvida por materiais e técnicas de deposição menos dispendiosos e facilmente reprodutíveis em grande escala. Células solares de filmes finos de materiais semicondutores como pontos quânticos têm-se mostrando promissoras na geração de energia em grande escala. Os dispositivos fotovoltaicos têm-se tornado objeto de estudo de vários grupos de investigação, apresentando considerável evolução na arquitetura das células solares, bem como no valor de eficiência de conversão, a qual foi certificada com um valor de 9,9% em março de 2015, de acordo com o Laboratório Nacional de Energia Renovável (NREL) dos Estados Unidos. Neste trabalho, o processo de fabricação envolveu a deposição sequencial de diferentes camadas em um substrato de vidro. A configuração utilizada foi: Vidro / SiO2 / FTO / TiO2 compacto / TiO2 mesoporoso / ZnO / CdS / CuS / SnS / ZnS e Vidro/ SiO2 / FTO / TiO2 compacto / TiO2 mesoporoso / ZnO / CuS / SnS / ZnS com os Contraeléctrodos (CEs) de vidro/FTO com Platina, Cu2SnS3 e grafite ou latão com os eletrólitos iodeto/triiodeto e polissulfureto (gel e líquido), isto comparando diferentes eletrólitos, áreas de TiO2, contraelétrodos e células solares como as de corante., With increasing interest in clean and renewable energy as an alternative to fossil fuels, it is of great importance that these technologies become economically viable today, so that advances in the global energy sector may indeed occur. In the production of energy from renewable sources the use of solar energy has become increasingly attractive for the production of electric energy. Photovoltaic cells have been developed in order to obtain greater efficiency of conversion of solar energy into electric energy. As well, the production of the same has been developed by materials and techniques of deposition less expensive and easily reproducible in large scale. Solar cells from thin films of semiconductor materials like quantum dots have shown promise for large-scale power generation. The photovoltaic devices have become the object of study of several research groups, presenting considerable evolution in the solar cell architecture, as well as in the value of conversion efficiency, which was certified with a value of 9.9% in March 2015, according to With the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) in the United States. In this work, the manufacturing process involved the sequential deposition of different layers on a glass substrate. The configuration used was: Glass / SiO2 / FTO / TiO2 compact / TiO2 mesoporous / ZnO / CdS / CuS / SnS / ZnS and Glass / SiO2 / FTO / TiO2 compact / TiO2 mesoporous / ZnO / CuS / SnS / ZnS with glass / FTO counter electrodes (CEs) with platinum, Cu2SnS3 and graphite or brass with electrodes iodide / triiodide and polysulfide (gel and liquid), this comparing different electrolytes, areas of TiO2, counter-electrodes and solar cells like dyes.

This bachelor thesis pays attention to financial reporting of cash and cash equivalents in compliance with the Czech Accounting Standards (ČÚS), the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) and the United States Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (US GAAP) and to the differences coming from these standards. This thesis is divided into three main parts. Firstly, it will focus on defining the terms that are associated with the topic, further, it will be dedicated to appraising, repricing and financial reporting of cash and cash equivalents in accordance to the three accounting standards, and lastly, it will practically demonstrate the differences between them.

TEZ10826 Tez (Doktora) -- Çukurova Üniversitesi, Adana, 2017. Kaynakça (s. 117-121) var. xviii, 123 s. : res. (bzs. rnk.), tablo ; 29 cm. Bu tezde, yarıiletken CuS ince filmler kimyasal depolama yöntemi kullanılarak 27 °C, 50 °C, 70 °C'de cam alttabanlar üzerinde 0.1, 0.3 ve 0.5 M’de ince filmler elde edilmiştir. CuS ince filmlerin yapısal, optik ve morfolojik özellikleri araştırılmıştır. CuS ince filmlerin X-ışını kırınım (XRD) analizlerinden filmlerin amorf ve polikristal yapıda hekzagonal fazda oluştuğu görülmüştür. Yarıiletken CuS ince filmlerin optik özelliklerini belirlemek için UV/vis spektrofotometresi (190-1100 nm) kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen veriler ile filmlerin temel optik parametreleri olan enerji bant aralığı (Eg), yansıma (R), kırılma indisi (n) değerleri hesaplanmıştır. Alan Emisyonlu-Taramalı Elektron Mikroskobu (FESEM) görüntülerinden filmlerin küresel yapıda homojen dağılım gösterdiği ve sıcaklığının etkisi ile daha sıkı bir yapının oluştuğu görülmüştür. In this thesis, semiconductor CuS thin films were deposited by chemical bath deposition method at 27 °C, 50 °C, 70 °C on glass substrate through 0.1 M, 0.3 M and 0.5 M were obtained thin films. Investigation of the structural, optical and morpholgical properties of the CuS thin films. The XRD analyses indicate that CuS thin films exhibit amorphous and polycrystal structure and hexagonal phase. In order to determine the optical properties of the semiconductor CuS thin films UV/vis spectrophotometer (190-1100 nm) was used. Optical parameters such as energy bant gap (Eg), reflection (R) and refractive index (n) values are acquired using aforementioned basic parameters. Field Emission-Scanning Electron Microscope (FE-SEM) images show that the films have a homogeneous distribution in the spherical structure, and the effect of temperature is seen to be more strict. Bu çalışma Ç.Ü. Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Birimi tarafından desteklenmiştir. Proje No: FEF2012D10.

[Resumen] En este trabajo se estudian, presentan y evalúan tres métodos que permiten realizar resúmenes de vídeos de manera automática, manteniendo la información del vídeo que cada uno de los métodos presentados considera como esencial. Se han revisado los métodos Video2GIF, basado en una red neuronal convolucional de aprendizaje profundo, Move Detector, un algoritmo que detecta y almacena los fotogramas que contienen movimiento, y Peaks Volume, que resume en función de un análisis del espectro de audio del vídeo. La evaluación de los métodos Video2GIF y Peaks Volume se ha realizado utilizando el dataset VSUMM, y la evaluación del método Move Detector, utilizando el dataset VIRAT. Los resúmenes obtenidos se han evaluado utilizando CUS (Comparison of User Summaries). A partir de los mismos se puede concluir que los resultados obtenidos con Video2GIF contienen la información más relevante del vídeo original cuando este contiene escenas cortas que albergan acciones humanas, dado que este método utiliza una red entrenada con dicho propósito, mientras que Peaks Volume ha destacado en el resumen de documentales, pero también ha conseguido unos resultados superiores a 0.4 sobre 1 en el resto de categorías de vídeos reduciendo la duración del vídeo original a la mitad o menos.

In the present work, 3D flowerlike CuS nanostructures were synthesized via a facile hydrothermal process using Cu2O hollow microspheres as templates. Reaction of Cu2O hollow microspheres with thioacetamide at 40 °C for 2 h followed by hydrothermal treatment at 120 °C for 12 h resulted in high yield of 3D flowerlike structure with diameters ranging from 200 to 300 nm. The Influence of experimental parameters on the morphology of the CuS nanostructures was investigated in detail. Different stages of the formation process were studied and thus the formation mechanism of the 3D flowerlike CuS nanostructures was presented.

Katolički bogoslovni fakultet Sveučilišta u Splitu i Uredništvo Crkve u svijetu organizirali su proslavu 50. obljetnice časopisa Crkva u svijetu, u četvrtak 17. studenoga, u dvorani Katoličkoga bogoslov- nog fakulteta u Splitu. O prošlosti, sadašnjosti i budućnosti Crkve u svijetu govorili su njezini nekadašnji urednici dr. Drago Šimun- dža, dr. Nediljko Ante Ančić i dr. Ante Mateljan te sadašnji urednik dr. Mladen Parlov.

Copper sulphide crystallizes in a variety of phases that exhibit distinct optical properties including different optical band gaps in the visible region. The crystalline phases are associated with unique properties shown by semiconductor nanocrystals that could be exploited to produce new photocatalysts with tuned optical behavior. This research reports on the use of ionic liquids as a reaction medium to produce copper sulphide nanocrystals whose crystalline phase depends on the synthesis conditions. Noteworthy, these solvents allow the production of water dispersible copper sulphides following the thermal treatment of Cu(II) alkyldithiocarbamates complexes, used here as single-molecule precursors, thus improving their potential for heterogeneous photocatalysis in the aqueous phase. Finally, the ensuing copper sulphides have been preliminarily assessed for their photocatalytic activity in the degradation of rhodamine B (RhB). The results indicate that the ionic liquid route described here has an impact on the copper sulphides produced and thereby on their performance as photocatalysts.

Tento článek se zabývá rozdíly v metodách podle českých účetních standardů a mezinárodních standardů finančního výkaznictví. Obsahuje základní rozdíly a jejich dopady na finanční výsledky. Část článku se zabývá postupující harmonizací účetnictví v České republice. This article addresses the differences in accounting according to Czech Accounting Standards and International Financial Reporting Standards (IAS / IFRS). It contains basic differences in the two aforementioned accounting methods and their possible impact on financial results. Part of the paper is devoted to the ongoing process of harmonization of accounting in the Czech Republic.

This study analyzes the relationship between product diversity and the performance of microfinance institutions (MFIs), especially Credit Unions (CUs) and Badan Usaha Kredit Pedesaan (BUKPs) in Yogyakarta. It employs a binary logistic regression method in its analysis and utilizes annual pooled cross section data from 16 CUs and 34 BUKPs in Yogyakarta from 2011. The result indicated that there was a direct negative relationship between the levels of saving–loan product diversity and the scale of outreach and also between the levels of saving–loan product diversity and depth of outreach. It also suggested an indirect negative relationship between the levels of saving–loan product diversity and staff productivity and also between the levels of saving–loan product diversity and self-sufficiency.Keywords: product diversity, performance, microfinance institutions, CUs, BUKPs