Search

Additional file 1: Table S1. Healthcare resource utilization cost inputs by healthcare center type. Table S2. Key* model input values for deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analyses. Table S3. Breakdown of total costs per 100,000 women. Table S4. Incremental outcomes per woman for heat-stable carbetocin versus alternative prophylactic uterotonics by healthcare center type. Table S5. Scenario Analysis: Costs and health outcomes per woman for all births. Fig S1. Tornado diagrams for heat-stable carbetocin vs oxytocin. Fig S2. Tornado diagrams for heat-stable carbetocin vs misoprostol.

OBJECTIVEThis study was conducted to assess the impact of GPIIb/IIIa blockade with tirofiban on costs during the initial hospitalization and at 30 days among patients undergoing high-risk coronary angioplasty.BACKGROUNDGPIIb/IIIa blockers are a new class of compounds that have been shown in clinical studies to prevent complications after high-risk angioplasty.METHODSThe RESTORE trial was a multinational, blinded placebo-controlled study of 2,197 patients randomized to tirofiban or placebo following coronary angioplasty. This economic assessment was a prospective substudy of the RESTORE trial, and included 1,920 patients enrolled in the U.S. Costs were estimated for the U.S. cohort based on their utilization of healthcare resources and on costs measured directly in 820 U.S. patients at 30 sites.RESULTSThere was a 36% difference in the rate of the composite event of death, myocardial infarction (MI) and revascularization at two days between tirofiban and placebo (8% vs. 12%, p = 0.002). This difference was attributed to a reduction in nonfatal MI, repeat angioplasty, coronary surgery and stent placement. These clinical benefits followed a similar trend at 30 days, with a 16% reduction in the composite event (p = 0.10). In-hospital cost, including professional and study drug costs, was $12,145 ± 5,882 with placebo versus $12,230 ± 5,527 with tirofiban (p = 0.75). The 30-day cost was $12,402 ± 6,147 with placebo versus $12,446 ± 5,814 with tirofiban (p = 0.87).CONCLUSIONSTirofiban has been shown to decrease in-hospital and possibly 30-day events after high-risk angioplasty. The beneficial clinical effects of tirofiban in high-risk patients can be achieved at no increased cost.

It is proposed that the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary was a time of océanographie change, with an enhanced rate of oceanic overturn of upwelling taking place, producing high phosphorus concentrations in the marine photic zone. This ultimately led to the formation of major phosphate deposits in many parts of the world. It also led to major biological changes, with many important marine fossil groups becoming extinct at this time due to the high phosphorous concentration of the water column., La limite Crétacé-Tertiaire a été une période de changement océanographique, avec des upwel-lings accrus, produisant des concentrations élevées en phosphore dans la zone marine photique. En fin de compte ceci a conduit à la formation de gisements importants de phosphate dans de nombreuses parties du monde. Ceci a conduit aussi à des changements biologiques majeurs, à l'extinction de nombreux groupes fossiles marins importants à cause de la concentration élevée en phosphore de la colonne d'eau., Cook Peter. J., Cook John R. Marine biological changes and phosphogenesis around the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary. In: Phosphorites. Sixth International Field-Workshop and Seminar on Phosphorites. I.G.C.P. 156. Maroc-Sénégal, oct.-nov. 1983. Strasbourg : Institut de Géologie – Université Louis-Pasteur, 1985. pp. 105-108. (Sciences Géologiques. Mémoire, 77)