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1. Spatial contrasts of the Holocene hydroclimate trend between North and East Asia

Author

Paul J. Valdes, Jianyong Li, Yurui Zhang, Hans Renssen, Heikki Seppä, Laboratoire d'Océanographie Physique et Spatiale (LOPS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of South-Eastern Norway (USN), University of Helsinki, University of Bristol [Bristol], Northwest A&F Univ, Coll Anim Sci & Technol, Yangling, Shaanxi, Peoples R China, Partenaires INRAE, Institut Pasteur de Shanghai, Académie des Sciences de Chine - Chinese Academy of Sciences (IPS-CAS), Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), French National Research Agency (ANR) [ANR-17-EURE-0015, ANR-10-LABX19], Academy of Finland (GRASS) [316702], Chinese Academy of SciencesChinese Academy of Sciences [Y652001589, Y651031589, XAB20161301], National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) [NSFC 41801090], ANR-10-LABX-0019,LabexMER,LabexMER Marine Excellence Research: a changing ocean(2010), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki, and Department of Geosciences and Geography

Subjects
1171 Geosciences, 010506 paleontology, Archeology, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Orbital forcing, WESTERLIES, Monsoon, 01 natural sciences, Proxy (climate), MECHANISMS, ICE SHEETS, ARID CENTRAL-ASIA, East Asia, TEMPERATURE, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Holocene, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Global and Planetary Change, geography.geographical_feature_category, COMPLEXITY, Geology, Westerlies, 15. Life on land, SUMMER MONSOON, CLIMATE, Geography, [SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, 13. Climate action, PRECIPITATION, Physical geography, Ice sheet, Atmospheric humidity, SYSTEM MODEL
Abstract

The hydroclimate over Asia has undergone important changes over the Holocene with spatially asynchronous trends. Proxy-based evidence shows that North Asia was markedly drier than today during the early Holocene, whereas East Asia, influenced by the monsoon system, was substantially wetter. Yet, the causes behind this contrast are only partly understood due to a lack of overview of the most important factors. Here we explore a combination of climate proxies and multiple climate-model simulations to show that the strong contrast between the dry North Asia and wet (mid-latitude) East Asia is explained by a complex interplay between the effects of remnant ice sheets and orbital forcing. In North Asia, the climate was dry due a weakening of the westerlies and reduced atmospheric humidity, linked to the ice sheets in North America and Fennoscandia. In East Asia, contrarily, the orbitally-forced enhancement of the summer monsoons caused the early Holocene climate to be much wetter than during the presentday. These results indicate that the sensitivity of the hydroclimate in Asia to climate-forcings is spatially different, with important implications for the interpretation of past and future climate changes in this region. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Published
2020
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2. Standard methods for Apis mellifera royal jelly research

Author

Kikuji Yamaguchi, Foued Salmen Espindola, Jin-Hui Zhou, Liming Wu, Tatiana Kristof Krakova, Xing-An Li, Zhi-Jiang Zeng, Li Li, Xiaofeng Xue, Katarína Bíliková, Cui Guan, Gaëlle Daniele, Fuliang Hu, Bin Han, Feng Mao, Jozef Šimúth, Yun-Bo Xue, Huoqing Zheng, Hervé Casabianca, Yuqi Wu, Jianke Li, Zhejiang Univ - Coll Anim Sci, Zhejiang University, Slovak Acad Sci - Inst Forest Ecol, Slovak Academy of Sciences (SAS), PNBS - Produits naturels et biosourcés - Natural & Bio-based Products, Institut des Sciences Analytiques (ISA), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), TRACES - Technologie et Recherche en Analyse Chimique pour l'Environnement et la Santé, Univ Fed Uberlandia - Inst Genet & Biochem, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia - UFU (BRAZIL), Key Lab Pollinating Insect Biol, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Honey Bee Research Institute, Jiangxi Agricultural University (JXAU), Queen Mary University of London (QMUL), Jilin Prov Key Lab Honey Bee Genet & Queen Breedi, Jilin Prov Inst Apicultural Sci, Institute of Apicultural Research (IAR), Japan Royal Jelly Co Ltd, The COLOSS (Prevention of honey bee COlony LOSSes) Association aims to explain and prevent massive honey bee colony losses. It was funded through the COST Action FA0803. COST (European Cooperation in Science and Technology) is a unique means for European researchers to jointly develop their own ideas and new initiatives across all scientific disciplines through trans-European networking of nationally funded research activities. Based on a pan-European intergovernmental framework for cooperation in science and technology, COST has contributed since its creation more than 40 years ago to closing the gap between science, policy makers and society throughout Europe and beyond. COST is supported by the EU Seventh Framework Program for research, technological development and demonstration activities (Official Journal L 412, 30 December 2006). The European Science Foundation as implementing agent of COST provides the COST Office through an EC Grant Agreement. The Council of the European Union provides the COST Secretariat. The COLOSS network is now supported by the Ricola Foundation -Nature & Culture. Fu-Liang Hu, Jian-Ke Li, Li-Ming Wu, Yun-bo Xue and Zhi-Jiang Zeng are financially supported by the Earmarked Fund for Modern Agro-industry Technology Research System from the Ministry of Agriculture of China (CARS-45). Xing-An Li is financially supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (31050006). Jozef Simuth and Katarina Bilikova are financially supported by Japan Royal Jelly Co., Ltd. Tokyo, Japan. Herve Casabianca and Gaelle Daniele are financially supported by France Agrimer (French Agriculture ministry) and GPGR: French association of royal jelly producers., European Project: COST Action FA0803,COLOSS, Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, food.ingredient, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Zoology, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Honey bee, Standard methods, Biology, 040401 food science, 01 natural sciences, 3. Good health, 010602 entomology, Honey Bees, 0404 agricultural biotechnology, food, [CHIM.ANAL]Chemical Sciences/Analytical chemistry, Insect Science, Botany, Royal jelly, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Caste determination
Abstract

Royal jelly, a honey bee secretion, plays a critical role in caste determination in honey bees because it serves as the source of nutrition for young larvae destined to become queens. It is also fe...

Published
2017
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3. Species composition and environmental adaptation of indigenous Chinese cattle

Author

Gao, Yahui, Gautier, Mathieu, Ding, Xiangdong, Zhang, Hao, Wang, Yachun, Wang, Xi, Faruque, Md Omar, Li, Junya, Ye, Shaohui, Gou, Xiao, Han, Jianlin, Lenstra, Johannes A, Zhang, Yi, LS IRAS Tox Algemeen, dIRAS RA-1, UU LEG Research USE Tjalling C. Koopmans Institute, China Agricultural University (CAU), Centre de Biologie pour la Gestion des Populations (UMR CBGP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Computational Biology Institute (IBC), Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Animal Bredding and Genetics, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Coll Anim Sci & Technol, Hunan Agricultural University [Changsha], International Livestock Research Institute [CGIAR, Nairobi] (ILRI), International Livestock Research Institute [CGIAR, Ethiopie] (ILRI), Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research [CGIAR] (CGIAR)-Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research [CGIAR] (CGIAR), Utrecht University [Utrecht], Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), LS IRAS Tox Algemeen, dIRAS RA-1, and UU LEG Research USE Tjalling C. Koopmans Institute

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, 0106 biological sciences, Population genetics, Range (biology), [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], lcsh:Medicine, 01 natural sciences, Gene flow, Gene Frequency, Y Chromosome, lcsh:Science, 2. Zero hunger, 0303 health sciences, Multidisciplinary, biology, Ecology, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Cline (biology), SNP genotyping, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Gayal, Agricultural genetics, Mitochondrial DNA, China, Introgression, betail, 010603 evolutionary biology, DNA, Mitochondrial, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Article, adaptation au climat, 03 medical and health sciences, Animals, Alleles, 030304 developmental biology, chine, lcsh:R, 0402 animal and dairy science, Genetic Variation, biology.organism_classification, 040201 dairy & animal science, 030104 developmental biology, Haplotypes, Evolutionary biology, génotypage, lcsh:Q, Cattle, Adaptation, Microsatellite Repeats
Abstract

Indigenous Chinese cattle combine taurine and indicine origins and occupy a broad range of different environments. By 50 K SNP genotyping we found a discontinuous distribution of taurine and indicine cattle ancestries with extremes of less than 10% indicine cattle in the north and more than 90% in the far south and southwest China. Model-based clustering and f4-statistics indicate introgression of both banteng and gayal into southern Chinese cattle while the sporadic yak influence in cattle in or near Tibetan area validate earlier findings of mitochondrial DNA analysis. Geographic patterns of taurine and indicine mitochondrial and Y-chromosomal DNA diversity largely agree with the autosomal cline. The geographic distribution of the genomic admixture of different bovine species is proposed to be the combined effect of prehistoric immigrations, gene flow, major rivers acting as genetic barriers, local breeding objectives and environmental adaptation. Whole-genome scan for genetic differentiation and association analyses with both environmental and morphological covariables are remarkably consistent with previous studies and identify a number of genes implicated in adaptation, which include TNFRSF19, RFX4, SP4 and several coat color genes. We propose indigenous Chinese cattle as a unique and informative resource for gene-level studies of climate adaptation in mammals.

Published
2017
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4. Microbial community and ovine host response varies with early and late stages of Haemonchus contortus infection

Author

Rashid Mehmood, Guangping Huang, Xun Suo, Gungor Cagdas Dincel, Min Hu, Ibrahim Al Nasr, Maged El-Kemary, Saeed El-Ashram, Fathi Abouhajer, [El-Ashram, Saeed] Foshan Univ, Coll Life Sci & Engn, 18 Jiangwan St, Foshan 528231, Guangdong, Peoples R China -- [El-Ashram, Saeed -- Huang, Guangping -- Suo, Xun] China Agr Univ, Coll Vet Med, Natl Anim Protozoa Lab, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China -- [El-Ashram, Saeed -- Suo, Xun] Minist Agr, Key Lab Anim Epidemiol & Zoonosis, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China -- [El-Ashram, Saeed -- El-Kemary, Maged] Kafrelsheikh Univ Univ, Fac Sci, Kafr Al Sheikh, Egypt -- [Al Nasr, Ibrahim] Qassim Univ, Coll Sci & Arts Unaizah, Unaizah, Saudi Arabia -- [Al Nasr, Ibrahim] Qassim Univ, Coll Appl Hlth Sci Ar Rass, Ar Rass 51921, Saudi Arabia -- [Abouhajer, Fathi] Asmarya Univ Islamic Sci, Zliten, Libya -- [Abouhajer, Fathi] China Agr Univ CAU China, Coll Anim Sci & Technol, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China -- [Dincel, Gungor] Aksaray Univ, Eskil Vocat Sch, Aksaray, Turkey -- [Mehmood, Rashid] Univ Management Sci & Informat Technol, Dept Comp Sci & Informat Technol, Kotli, Ajk, Pakistan -- [Hu, Min] Huazhong Agr Univ, Coll Vet Med, Minist Agr, State Key Lab Agr Microbiol,Key Lab Dev Vet Prod, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, Peoples R China, DINCEL, Gungor Cagdas -- 0000-0002-6985-3197, and Meslek Yüksekokulu

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Rumen, Time Factors, Histological analysis, Host response, Sheep Diseases, Biology, Microbiology, 03 medical and health sciences, Haemonchus contortus, Abomasal and ruminal microbiome, RNA, Ribosomal, 16S, Bioinformatic analysis, parasitic diseases, medicine, Animals, Microbiome, Sheep, General Veterinary, Bacteria, Host (biology), Inoculation, Stomach, Abomasum, Microbiota, General Medicine, Biodiversity, Hydrogen-Ion Concentration, biology.organism_classification, Illumina MiSeq platform, 030104 developmental biology, medicine.anatomical_structure, Microbial population biology, Immunology, Host-Pathogen Interactions, Haemonchus, Haemonchiasis
Abstract

WOS: 000415919400004, PubMed: 29098532, The interactions between gastric microbiota, ovine host, and Haemonchus contortus portray the ovine gastric environment as a complex ecosystem, where all factors play a pertinent role in fine-tuning each other and in haemeostasis. We delineated the impact of early and late Haemonchus infection on abomasal and ruminal microbial community, as well as the ovine host. Twelve, parasite-naive lambs were divided into four groups, 7 days post-infection (dpi) and time-matched uninfected-control groups; 50 dpi and time-matched uninfected control groups were used for the experiment. Six sheep were inoculated with 5000 H. contortus infective larvae and followed for 7 or 50 days with their corresponding uninfected-control ones. Ovine abomasal tissues were collected for histological analysis and gastric fluids were collected for PH value measurements, microbial community isolation and Illumina MiSeq platform and bioinformatic analysis. Our results showed that Haemonchus infection increased the abomasal gastric pH (P = 0.05) and resulted in necrotizing and inflammatory changes that were more severe during acute infection. Furthermore, infection increased the abomasal bacterial load and decreased the ruminal microbiome. A 7-day infection of sheep with H. contortus significantly altered approximately 98% and 94% of genera in the abomasal and ruminal bacterial profile, respectively (P = 0.040.05). However, the approximate altered genera 50 days after infection in the ovine abomasal and ruminal microbiome were about 62% and 69%, correspondingly (P = 0.04-0.05) with increase in some bacteria and decrease in others. Overall, these results indicate that Haemonchus infection plays a crucial role in shaping stomach microbial community composition, and diversity., National Key Basic Research Program (973 program) of China [2015CB150300]; Foshan University, Foshan city, Guangdong province, This research was supported by the National Key Basic Research Program (973 program) of China (Grant No. 2015CB150300), and the Start-up Research Grant Program provided by Foshan University, Foshan city, Guangdong province for distinguished researchers. Additionally, the funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.

Published
2017

5. Effects of MSG supplementation on free amino acids in plasma of growing-finishing Pigs

Author

Zhang, Jun, Yin, Yulong, He, Qinghua, Chen, Gang, Li, Tiejun, Wu, Xiaosong, Nyachoti, Martin, Blachier, Francois, Wang, Yongfei, Wen, Qingqi, Sci Oberving & Expt Stn Anim Nutr & Feed Sci S Ce, Inst Subtrop Agr,Res Ctr Hlth Breeding Livestock, Hunan Engn & Res Ctr Anim & Poultry Sci,Key Lab, Chinese Academy of Sciences [Changchun Branch] (CAS), Coll Anim Sci & Technol, Hunan Agricultural University [Changsha], Dept Anim Sci, University of Manitoba [Winnipeg], Physiologie de la Nutrition et du Comportement Alimentaire (PNCA), AgroParisTech-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Ctr Res & Dev, Twins Grp Co Ltd, National Basic Research Program of China [2013CB127301, 2012CB124704], National Natural Science Foundation of China [31110103909, 30901040, 30928018, 31101729], National Scientific and Technology Support Project [31272463], Chinese Academy of Sciences [2011T2S15], and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech

Subjects
[SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, aspartate, AMMONIA, pigs, peritoneal perfusion, glutamate, METABOLISM, MONOSODIUM GLUTAMATE, nutrition, DIGESTION, ABSORPTION, SKELETAL-MUSCLE, alanine, MSG
Abstract

Glutamate is extensively metabolized in small intestine epithelial cells during its transcellular transfer from the lumen to bloodstream and after its uptake from the bloodstream. In order to study the effect of monosodium glutamate (MSG) supplementation given either by the parenteral route or by the enteral route on the circulating amino acid concentrations in growing-finishing pigs, animals received MSG at a dose equal to 0.25 g/kg body weight by intraperitoneal injection or by injection into the stomach. Up to 255 min, arterial and portal venous blood was collected and amino acid concentrations were measured. The results show that the glutamate concentrations in venous and arterial plasma increase rapidly after injection of MSG in stomach. However, glutamate concentration in both venous and arterial plasma was much higher after peritoneal than stomach injection. Aspartate and alanine concentrations in both venous and arterial plasma were higher after stomach than peritoneal injection. The results obtained are compatible with the view that i) a large part of glutamate in MSG is metabolized by the intestine in pigs; ii) at the dose used. MSG is, however, not entirely metabolized by the intestine and iii) glutamate metabolism in pig intestine leads to aspartate and alanine production.

Published
2012

6. Dietary supplementation with high-dose Bacillus subtilis or Lactobacillus reuteri modulates cellular and humoral immunities and improves performance in weaned piglets

Author

Wang, Sheng-Ping, Yang, Lingyuan, Tang, Xiang-Shan, Cai, Li-Chuang, Liu, Gang, Kong, Xiang-Feng, Blachier, Francois, Yin, Yu-Long, Res Ctr Healthy Breeding Livestock & Poultty, Hunan Engn & Res Ctr Anim Sci, Inst Subtrop Agr,Key Lab Agroecol Proc Subtrop Reg, Inst Subtrop Agr, Chinses Academy of Sciences, Coll Anim Sci & Technol, Hunan Agricultural University [Changsha], Res Ctr Healthy Breeding Livestock & Poultty, Hunan Engn & Res Ctr Anim Sci, Inst Subtrop Agr,Lab Agroecol Proc Subtrop Reg, Inst Subtrop Agr, Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Biol Resources, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Physiologie de la Nutrition et du Comportement Alimentaire (PNCA), AgroParisTech-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), National Basic Research Program of China [2009CB118800], Chinese Academy of Sciences [KZCX2-EW-412, KZCX2-YW-T07, KSCX2-EW-G-16, MXX281177], NSFC [30771558, 31001015, 31001016, 31072042, 30901040, 30901041, 30928018], Changsha City Key Project [K1003238-61], and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech

Subjects
AMINO-ACDIGESTIBILITY, LACTIC-ACID, [SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, growth performance, Lactobacillus reuteri, HULLESS BARLEY VARIETIES, ULTRA-FINE POWDER, immunity, GROWTH-PERFORMANCE, GROWING PIGS, BROILERS FED DIETS, high dose, piglet, APPARENT DIGESTIBILITY ILEAL, WEANLING PIGS, CASEIN-BASED DIETS, Bacillus subtilis
Abstract

Bacilli and Lactobacilli, especially high doses of them are often used as probiotics in piglets. The present study aimed to determine the effects of supplementing a piglet diet with high-dose Bacillus subtilis M-1 and Lactobacillus reuteri X-1. A total of 32 piglets with an initial body weight of 5.8 +/- 0.10 kg were weaned at 21 d of age and randomly allocated into one of four groups with eight replications of one pig: Group 1, assay diet supplemented with Bacillus subtilis M-1 (10(11) cfu kg(-1)); Group 2, assay diet supplemented with Lactobacillus reuteri X-1 (10(11) cfu kg(-1)); Group 3, assay diet supplemented with a combination of Bacillus subtilis M-1 and Lactobacillus reuteri X-1 (0.5x10(11) cfu kg(-1), respectively); control group, assay diet without bacterial supplement. Compared with the other groups, Group 2 showed an increase in feed intake (P > 0.05) and the highest ADG (P < 0.05), while Group I showed the best dry matter intake: gain ratio (P < 0.05). However, the three treatment groups (Group 1-3) all showed significant decreases in serum IgG and IgM concentrations (P < 0.05). Serum TNF-alpha, IL-6 and NO levels in Group 3 were decreased (P < 0.05) compared to those in the control group. Serum DAO and D-lactate concentrations were increased in all of the treatment groups (P < 0.05), compared to those in the control group. These findings show that the addition of high-dose Bacillus subtilis M-1 or Lactobacillus reuteri X-1 to the diet improved growth performance but impaired immunity in weaned piglets.

Published
2011

7. Advancement in the classification and identification of the virulence-related factors of Haemophilus parasuis

Author

Ren, Wen-Kai, Yang, Lingyuan, Liu, Gang, Blachier, Francois, Yin, Yu-Long, Res Healthy Breeding Livestock & Poultry, Hunan Engn & Res Ctr Anim Sci,Key Lab Agroecol Proc Subtrop Reg, Inst Subtrop Agr, Chinses Academy of Sciences, Grad Sch, Coll Anim Sci & Technol, Hunan Agricultural University [Changsha], Physiologie de la Nutrition et du Comportement Alimentaire (PNCA), AgroParisTech-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Chinese Acad Sci, Key Lab Agroecol Proc Subtrop Reg, Inst Subtrop Agr,Res Healthy Breeding Livestock & Poultry, Hunan Engn & Res Ctr Anim Sci,Key Lab Agroecol Proc Subtrop Reg, Inst Subtrop Agr, Chinese Acad Sci, National Natural Science Foundation of China [30901040, 30928018], Cooperative Projects of Guangdong Province, Chinese Academy of Science [2009B091300043, 2009B091300079, 2009B091300089], Chinese Academy of Sciences [KZCX2-YW-T07], National Basic Research Program of China [2009CB118800], and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech

Subjects
[SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, HEMOPHILUS-INFLUENZAE, INDIRECT HEMAGGLUTINATION, genotype, ACTINOBACILLUS-PLEUROPNEUMONIAE, ANTIMICROBIAL SUSCEPTIBILITY, PORCINE ALVEOLAR MACROPHAGES, Serotype, Haemophilus parasuis, LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE STRUCTURE, virulence-related factor, OUTER-MEMBRANE PROTEINS, SEROLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION, MANNHEIMIA PASTEURELLA HAEMOLYTICA, RESPIRATORY SYNDROME VIRUS, Glasser's disease
Abstract

Glasser's disease in swine is caused by Haemophilus parasuis, a Gram-negative bacterium of the family Pasteurellaceae, which colonizes the upper respiratory tract of pigs. This disease has originally been considered a sporadic and stress-associated disease of young pigs. However, the development of pig industry has led to increased incidences and mortality rates of this disease in commercial swine production worldwide. There has been a gravely progress in the research of H. parasuis since the pathogen was identified twenty year ago. These include: 1) development of various methods to type H. parasuis from serotype to genotype; 2) identification of many virulence factors; 3) further understanding the aetiology and epidemiology of H. parasuis and 4) establishment of an exact procedure to diagnose the pathogen. This article focuses on the classification and detection of the major virulence factors of H. parasuis.

Published
2011

8. Antibacterial activity and phytochemical evidence for the plant origin of Turkish propolis from different regions

Author

Sibel Silici, Gülhan Vardar-Ünlü, Mehmet Ünlü, and Erciyes Univ, Dept Anim Sci, S Cikrikcioglu Vocat Coll, TR-38039 Kayseri, Turkey -- Cumhuriyet Univ, Dept Microbiol, Fac Med, TR-58140 Sivas, Turkey

Subjects
antimicrobial activity, Physiology, Eucalyptus type propolis, fungi, Myrtaceae, Pinobanksin, Castanea sativa, food and beverages, General Medicine, Orange (colour), Biology, Propolis, biology.organism_classification, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Eucalyptus, Cinnamic acid, propolis, chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, Phytochemical, Eucalyptus sp, Botany, Castanea type propolis, Biotechnology, Antibacterial agent
Abstract

WOS: 000249921900018, PubMed ID: 27517836, Honeybees collect propolis from practically any abundant plant source in the neighborhood of the hive, be it populus, eucalyptus, pine, sugarcane, cashew nut or orange trees. We have described that the origin plants of Turkish propolis are Populus sp., Eucalyptus sp. and Castanea sativa. In our previous study, propolis samples from Middle Anatolia displayed the typical pattern of "poplar" propolis: they contained pinobanksin, caffeic and ferulic acids and their esters. The propolis samples examined in this study were shown not to contain polar phenolics. The main components of Eucalyptus propolis were aromatic acids, mainly cinnamic acid and its esters, that are usually found in Eucalyptus species resins. The second distinct sample originated from West Anatolia. Although it contained low amounts of phenolic substances and aromatic acids, its main components were sugars and glycosides. The study revealed that there was no significant difference between propolis samples in antibacterial activity, however the yeasts were shown to be more sensitive to eucalyptus-propolis. Gram negative bacteria were susceptible to none of the samples tested.

Published
2007

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