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Purpose: Endothelial dysfunction, which was associated with chronic hypothyroidism, was an early event in atherosclerosis. Whether short-term hypothyroidism following thyroxine withdrawal during radioiodine (RAI) therapy was associated with endothelial dysfunction in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) was unclear. Aim of the study is to assess whether short-term hypothyroidism could impair endothelial function in the whole process of RAI therapy. Methods: We recruited fifty-one patients who underwent surgery and would accept RAI therapy for DTC. We analyzed thyroid function, endothelial function and serum lipids levels in patients at three time points: the day before thyroxine withdrawal (P1), the day before RAI administration (P2) and 4–6 weeks after RAI therapy (P3). A high-resolution ultrasound named flow-mediated dilation (FMD) was used to measure endothelial function of the patients. Results: We defined the FMD(%) value decreasing by more than 1% as impaired value. We analyzed the changes of FMD, thyroid hormone and lipids at three time points. FMD (%) was impaired at P2 compared to P1 and was recovered at P3 after restoring LT4 therapy (P1 vs P2 vs P3, 8.05±1.55 vs 7.26±1.50 vs 7.79 ± 1.38, P = 0.438). Among all parameters, the change of LDL cholesterol (ΔLDL) was the only factor correlated negatively with the change of FMD (ΔFMD) throughout the RAI therapy process (P1 − 2, r=-0.326, P = 0.020; P2 − 3, r=-0.306, P = 0.029). Conclusion: Endothelial function was transiently impaired in DTC patients at short-term hypothyroidism state during the RAI therapy, and immediately returned to the same state before RAI therapy after restoring LT4 therapy.

Objective. Antithyroglobulin antibodies (TgAbs) could be used as a surrogate tumor marker of TgAb-positive-differentiated thyroid carcinoma. This study aims to determine whether the change in TgAb levels over time could be used as a predictor of responses to therapy in pediatric papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) patients. Methods. We retrospectively analyzed the records of 48 pediatric PTC patients with TgAb levels ≥50 IU/ml 6 months after initial 131I treatment. Suppressed thyroglobulin (Tg) levels 6 months after initial 131I treatment were used to divide the patients into positive Tg (P-Tg, Tg ≥ 0.2 ng/ml) and negative Tg (N-Tg, Tg p < 0.05 ). Changes in Tg levels were also associated with NAR in the P-Tg group ( p < 0.05 ). Conclusion. Changes in TgAb levels over time could be used as a predictor of responses to therapy in TgAb-positive pediatric PTC patients. Changes in Tg levels over time are also associated with NAR to therapy in both TgAb-positive and Tg-positive pediatric PTC patients.

PurposesDistant metastasis from papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) is extremely rare and the long-term outcome and independent prognostic factors remain unclear.The present study aimed to investigate clinicopathological characteristics and evaluate the long-term outcomes and prognostic factors of PTMC patients with distant metastases (DM) who underwent surgery and radioactive iodine (131I) treatment.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 13,441 patients with thyroid cancer (including 1,697 cases with PTMC) who underwent 131I treatment at our institution between January 2008 and December 2019. PTMC patients with distant metastases with sufficient clinical follow-up data were enrolled in this cohort study. The overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were analyzed by the Kaplan–Meier method and the prognostic factors were assessed by Cox proportional hazards. ResultsThirty-three PTMC patients with DM were enrolled in this study. The median follow-up was 75 months (range: 5–151 months).The 5-year and 10-year OS rates were 96.97% and 81.41%, respectively, and the 5-year and 10-year PFS rates were 90.46% and 69.68%, respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that male sex(P=0.005) , radioactive iodine refractory PTMC (P=0.033) and symptomatic DM (P=0.022) were significantly associated with worse 10-year PFS in PTMC patients with DM. No independent predictor related to poor 10-year OS found in the present study.ConclusionsThe prognosis of PTMC patients becomes worse after the development of DM. Male sex, radioactive iodine refractory PTMC and symptomatic DM were identified as independent factors associated with PFS.

ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to investigate the clinicopathological characteristics, long-term outcomes, and prognostic factors of elderly patients with distant metastases at initial diagnosis from well-differentiated thyroid cancer (WDTC) during radioactive iodine (131I) treatment and follow-up.MethodsA retrospective review of medical records identified 183 elderly patients with DTC who underwent 131I treatment at our institution between 2006 and 2019.ResultsIn total, 57 elderly WDTC patients with distant metastases were enrolled in this study. After 131I treatment, 32 (56.14%) patients had 131I avidity and 25 (43.86%) had non-131I avidity; 35 (61.40%) cases were classified as radioiodine refractory (RR)-WDTC and 22 (38.60%) as non-RR-WDTC. At the end of follow-up, 25 (43.86%) patients had died and 32 (56.14%) were alive. The 5- and 10-year overall survival (OS) rates were 71.50% and 30.49%, respectively, while the 5- and 10-year disease-specific survival (DSS) rates were 76.89% and 48.71%, respectively. Multivariate analyses showed that gross extrathyroidal extension and RR-DTC were independent prognostic factors for poor OS (P=0.04 and P=0.03, respectively), while gross extrathyroidal extension, extrapulmonary distant metastases, and RR-WDTC were independent prognostic factors for poor DSS at the end of follow-up (P=0.02, P=0.03, and P=0.02, respectively).ConclusionsWDTC with distant metastases at initial diagnosis accounted for 31.15% of all elderly patients with DTC. Gross extrathyroidal extension and RR-DTC were the major factors associated with poor OS; gross extrathyroidal extension, extrapulmonary distant metastases, and RR-DTC were independent prognostic factors for poor DSS in elderly DTC patients with distant metastases.

Context Pregnancy-related hormones may stimulate thyroid cancer growth, but whether pregnancy affects the prognoses of patients with lung metastases from differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC-LM) after surgery and radioiodine therapy is unclear. Objective To assess the impact of pregnancy on DTC-LM through the comparison of prognoses between female patients with DTC-LM who did and did not become pregnant after surgery and radioiodine therapy. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the records of 124 female patients aged 16 to 35 years who underwent surgery and radioiodine therapy for DTC-LM. These patients were divided into pregnancy group (n = 37) and nonpregnancy group (n = 87) according to whether they became pregnant after surgery and radioiodine therapy, regardless of whether they had a pregnant history before treatment. Results The 5- and 10-year progression-free survival rates were 94.52% and 63.22% in pregnancy group versus 89.82% and 58.13% in nonpregnancy group. The 5- and 10-year cumulative overall survival rates of pregnancy group were 97.30% and 85.77% versus 93.50% and 81.95% in nonpregnancy group (all P > 0.05). The median time of follow-up in the pregnancy and nonpregnancy groups was 82 months (25-136 months) and 68 months (13-133 months), respectively. Non–radioiodine-avid LM and primary tumors needing repeated resection were independent predictors of poor progression-free survival for patients in pregnancy group. Conclusion Pregnancy does not affect the prognoses of patients with DTC-LM after surgery and radioiodine therapy. Non–radioiodine-avid LM and repeated primary tumor surgeries are independent risk factors for poor prognoses of pregnant patients.

Inflammation is crucial to tumorigenesis and progression of many cancers. Inflammatory molecules in tumor microenvironment exert pro- or anti-tumor effects. Among them, interleukin, mainly produced by CD3+ and CD4+ T lymphocytes, is a class of small molecule proteins which play an important role in intercellular communication. Numerous studies have confirmed that interleukins are closely related to thyroid cancer. Interleukins regulate the proliferation and migration of thyroid cancer cells and they have prospects in discriminating benign and malignant thyroid diseases, predicting the risk of tumorigenesis, evaluating the prognosis and monitoring the recurrence of thyroid cancer. Besides, the effective application of interleukins in treatment of thyroid cancer has been confirmed by some cell and animal researches. The present review will introduce the potential mechanisms of interleukins in thyroid cancer and focus on the applications of interleukins in clinical practice of thyroid cancer, which will help update understanding of the progress of interleukins researches in thyroid cancer.

International audience; Flexible high-performance piezoelectric nanogenerators (PNG) that can convert mechanical energy into electricity are crucial for the development of self-powered wearable electronic devices. In this work, a 3D multilayer assembly of flexible organic polypyrrole (PPy) electrodes, electrospun poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) nanofibers and electrosprayed CsPbBr 3 @PVDF beads was proposed for a high-performance PNG, wherein two layers of CsPbBr 3 @PVDF beads were inserted between the top/bottom PPy electrodes and PVDF nanofibers layer, respectively. The PPy electrodes were fabricated via vapour phase polymerization of pyrrole monomers on the surface of the electrospun PVDF nanofibers with FeCl 3 acted as an oxidant. As for the active piezoelectric layers, both the PVDF nanofibers and CsPbBr 3 @PVDF beads possessed high fractions of β crystalline phase, i.e., 83.5% and 94%, respectively, which helps to provide favorable polarization response. Besides, the introduction of the globular CsPbBr 3 @PVDF particles also facilitated the stress excitation to the piezoelectric layers, thus leading to enhanced output performance and high sensitivity. Piezoelectric results showed that the 3D multilayer NFMs based PNG exhibited a high open-circuit voltage of 10.3 V and a short-circuit current density of 1.29 μA/cm 2 , and could detect a weak pressure as low as 7.4 Pa. Furthermore, the PNG based fabrics also demonstrated excellent ability to harvest energy from the temperature fluctuations through pyroelectric effect. The structuration method of embedding globular particles into electrospun PVDF NFMs may open up the feasibility of fabricating high-output PNG.

China’s Beidou satellite navigation system (BDS) has developed rapidly in recent years. In 2018, China recently publicized the latest Beidou system space signal interface control file (ICD) of the Beidou B3I. Since the Beidou B3I signal has only been released for a short time, there are no references for its implementation. Based on the research on the development status of signal acquisition at home and abroad, this paper studies the real-time problem of software receivers and optimize the module in the capture process on graphic processing unit (GPU) according to the characteristics of B3I signal, design and implement a Beidou B3I software receiver capture architecture and algorithm based on GPU. By comparing with acquisition on CPU, each computing module achieves a GPU/CPU acceleration ratio of 4-50 times, the overall signal acquisition speed has been improved by 2.5 times, and the real-time performance of Beidou B3I software receiver has been effectively improved. At the same time, aiming at the problem of Beidou signal acquisition accuracy, a secondary capture method is designed to improve the capture accuracy. In addition, an optimization idea based on compute unified device architecture (CUDA) programming is proposed to further parallel computing performance on GPU.

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics and surgical treatment strategy of intra- and extra-spinal dumbbell-shaped tumors in cervical spine. Methods Clinical data of 11 patients with intra- and extra-spinal dumbbell-shaped tumors in cervical spine were retrospectively studied. Male was in 7 cases, female in 4 cases. The tumors were in stageⅠin 4 cases, Ⅱ in 2 cases, Ⅲ in 4 cases and Ⅳ in one case. The tumors were resected via posterior midline approach alone in 9 cases, among whom unilateral hemilaminectomy was performed in 4 cases (screw fixation via posterior approach was performed for fusion of lesion segments after tumor resection in 2 cases, one was stage Ⅳ tumor, another one was stage Ⅲ tumor in cervicothoracic junction), total laminotomy and reduction by titanium miniplates and screws in 2 cases, and via interlaminar approach in 3 cases. Posterior midline approach combined with anterior lateral approach was performed in the rest 2 cases. Results Tumors were one-stage totally resected in all of the cases. Histological types of the tumors included schwannoma in 10 cases, and ganglioneuroma in one case. The numbness area was enlarged in one case, and the motor function improved in other cases. All of the patients were followed-up from 8 months to 3.50 years with an average of 21 months. No tumor relapse and spinal deformity were found. Conclusion Most cases of intra- and extra-spinal dumbbell-shaped tumors can be treated with one-stage microsurgery. The surgical treatment strategy can be reached according to the location and surgical staging of tumors. Unilateral hemilaminectomy technique is useful to maintain the stability of the cervical spine for most of tumors. Combined approach is needed in some of the tumors and fixation should be implemented in the case of stability of cervical spine damaged after tumor resection.

To evaluate the value and efficacy of surgical treatment with neuroendoscopy with supported channel for hypertensive intraventricular hemorrhage (HIVH).The clinical data of 32 patients with hypertensive intraventricular hemorrhage were retrospectively analyzed. And they underwent neuroendoscopy with supported channel.Computed tomography scans at Day 1 postoperation revealed that the evacuation of intraventricular hematoma was 85.4% in all patients. The Glasgow coma score (GCS) at Week 1 postoperation was significantly higher than that at preoperation. The postoperative outcomes were intracranial infection (n = 1), mortality (n = 1) and secondary hemorrhage (n = 3). All patients were followed up for 3 months. According to Glasgow outcome scale (GOS), there were excellent recovery (n = 17), moderate disability (n = 7), severe disability (n = 5) and vegetative survival (n = 3).The surgical treatment of neuroendoscopy with supported channel for HIVH offers great advantages with a low rate of complications and favorable outcomes.

To observe and measure the inside diameter of basicranial arteries, the angulation of main arteries, the three dimensional image characteristic of internal carotid arteries and the anatomical variation of Willis circle.The arteries of 30 formalin-fixed adult heads were injected with latex after which the caliber and characteristic of cerebral arteries were observed and measured. The three dimensional image characteristic of internal carotid arteries and its branches were measured using 3D-DSA.(1) Main artery caliber: origin of internal carotid artery (Left 5.12 +/- 1.48 mm; Right 5.11 +/- 1.42 mm); origin of middle cerebral artery (Left 2.93 +/- 1.44 mm; Right 2.92 +/- 1.46 mm); origin of anterior cerebral artery (Left 2.63 +/- 1.33 mm; Right 2.61 +/- 1.32 mm); origin of vertebral artery (Left 4.37 +/- 1.21 mm; Right 3.22 +/- 1.64 mm); origin of basilar artery (4.45 +/- 1.28 mm); origin of posterior cerebral artery (Left 2.62 +/- 1.36 mm; Right 2.61 +/- 1.22 mm). (2) The angulation of main arteries: C1, 2 of ICA and C4, 5 of ICA (Left 32 +/- 22 degrees; Right 36 +/- 28 degrees ); ICA and ACA (Left 43 +/- 26 degrees; Right 46 +/- 28 degrees). (3) The results show that anatomical and three dimensional image characteristic of internal carotid arteries have no difference (P0.05). (4) The anatomical variation of Willis circle: Type O (56.7%); Type A (16.7%); Type P (20.0%); Type AP (6.7%).It is helpful to measure the inside diameter of basicranial arteries for the selection of various catheter in interventional neuroradiology, to observe the angulation of main arteries and the three dimensional image characteristic of internal carotid arteries for the moulding of various catheter in endovascular therapy and to master the anatomical variation of Willis circle for decreasing complications of endovascular treatment and judging prognosis of cerebrovascular diseases.

Objectives To analyse the changes of bull9s eye chart parameters by real-time three-dimensional echocardiography before and after treatment of Carvedilol for 6 months in hypertension patients with normal configuration. In order to evaluate effect of Carvedilol on left ventricular function by the parameter of excursion of left ventricular wall motion in the patients. Methods 62 patients in hypertension with normal configuration were investigated by real-time three-diametional echocardiography, in order to quantitatively analyse the distance and time of the excursion. All above images were stored for off-line analysis with the dedicated QLAB workstation and all mechanical parameters were collected, then the result of the parameters of excursion of left ventricular wall motion at different time of before and after treatment of Carvedilol for 6 months were compared and studied. Results The maximum distance (Emax), minimum distance (Emin) and the standard difference (Esd) of the excursion after treatment ofCarvedilol for 6 months were significantly increased than those before treatment of Carvedilol (all P Conclusions Thedistance and time of excursion could early quantitatively evaluate the effect of Carvedilol on cardiac function in patients with normal configuration and provide accuracy information to prevent or delay the ventricular remodelling. So, Carvedilol therapy for patients with hypertension could not only make the blood pressure lower, but also reduce the damage of target organ at the same time, which have a significant effect to early protect the cardiovascular system. Acknowledgements This work was supported by The National Basic Research Program of china (also called 973 Program) 2006CB503803, HI-TECH Technique and Development Program of China (863 Program) 2007AA02Z448 and Natural Science Foundation Program of Province ZR2010HM084.