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An effective method for the fabrication of thin film of single wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) using the electro-hydrodynamic atomization (EHDA) deposition technique was demonstrated. In this study, the SWCNT aqueous based dispersion ink was subjected to electrostatic atomization by using an EHDA deposition system. The ink flow visualization under the influence of electric field was performed and the operating EHDA parametric envelope of the ink was explored. Then the deposition of SWCNT through the EHDA process was carried out onto a metallic substrate at a fixed flow rate and corresponding applied voltage thereby achieving thickness ranging from ∼70 to 130 nm by making multiple deposition passes. The microscopic inspection of the film was performed and thin film quality was examined by scanning electron microscope analysis. Finally, electrical behavior of the SWCNT film onto a metallic substrate through temperature dependent current-voltage measurements was investigated. The SWCNT film deposited onto the metallic substrate showed electrical conductivity of ∼2.98 S/cm.

Purpose: Gastric stump cancer is defined as a cancer that develops in the stomach after a resection in cases of non-malignant or malignant gastric disease. The interval between the gastrectomy and the detection of gastric stump cancer must be over 5 years. Since duodenogastric reflux gastritis is a precancerous condition and one of the most important factors inducing gastric stump cancer, we compared the bile-acid content of gastric juice between gastric stump cancer patients and controls. Materials and Methods: To evaluate retrospectively the surgical treatment of patients with gastric stump cancer, we reviewed the cases histories of 1016 stomach cancer patients who had been operated on at the Department of General Surgery, Kosin University Gospel Hospital, between 1995 and 1998. The gastric juice was collected during the operations on the gastric stump cancer patients by using a needle puncture of the fundus of the stomach and during the endoscopic examinations of the control subjects. The samples were analyzed for various bile acids (gas chromatography/mass spectrometry). Results: The 6 gastric stump cancer cases accounted for of all gastric cancer patients; 5 patients were first operated on for a peptic ulcer and the remaining one for an adenocarcinoma of the stomach. All of the cases were men. The reconstruction method after the initial gastrectomy was a Billroth II in all cases. The sites of the gastric stump cancer were the anastomotic sitein 2 patients, the upper body in 2, the fundus in 1 and the cardia in 1. The operative methods were 3 total gastrectomies, 2 subtotal gastrectomies with Roux en Y anastomosis, and 1 partial gastrectomy with lymph node dissection and had a curative intention in all patients. All of the patients were still surviving at the time of this report. The gastric juices of 4 gastric stump patients showed significantly higher contents of cholic acid () compared to the gastric juices of 35 control subjects ()(p). Chenodeoxycholic acid and lithocholic acid were not significantly different. Conclusion: The gastric juice of gastric stump cancer patients contained a significantly higher cholic acid content. At the time of the initial gastrectomy, an operative method that prevents duodenogastric reflux may prevent or minimize the development of gastric stump cancer, and more aggressive surgical treatment may improve survival.