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Journal Citation Reports (JCR) and its journal ranking in terms of impact factor are highly influential in research evaluation. Comparisons of impact factor are valuable only when journals are of the same subject. However, a particular JCR subject category, Information Science and Library Science (IS–LS), combines two different study fields, namely Management Information Systems (MIS) and Library and Information Science (LIS). The combination of these subjects in a single category has caused the undesirable suppression of LIS journals in annual rankings. This study used papers and citation data from 88 IS–LS journals published between 2005 and 2014 to study subfield differences between MIS and LIS and their impact factor performances over 10 years. The study further examined the subfield differences within LIS, examining the differences and performances of library science, information science, and scientometric research. The results indicate that MIS and LIS are considerably different in terms of publishing and citation characteristics, cited subjects, and author affiliations. Moreover, significant differences were observed among LIS subfields. Furthermore, the results suggested that MIS and LIS pertain to two different research communities. Stakeholders must consider this difference and allow reasonable subfield differentiation and rank adjustment when using JCR for constructive research evaluations.

Citation analyses are based on two questionable assumptions that significantly influence the value of citation count: the equal contribution assumption (i.e., each citation contributes equally to the citing paper) and the positive endorsement assumption (i.e., each citation is viewed as an endorsement from the citing paper to the cited work). This study employed a citation context analysis approach to examine the distributions of essential versus perfunctory citations as well as confirmative versus negational citations in humanities and social sciences (HS sociology, economics, and psychology (i.e., the social sciences subjects). Excluding citations to primary sources—e.g., manuscripts, archival materials, monographs that were the subjects of study rather than information sources, a total of 25,617 in-text bibliographic citations were analyzed. The findings show that the distributions of citation functions for those six subject fields were all significantly different, meaning that disciplinary differences exist in H&SS citations. Also, for the H&SS fields, perfunctory citations may have inflated the contribution of the cited works much more than negational citations.

This paper describes the results of a survey of possibly predatory open access journals. Based on Jeffrey Beall’s compilations of predatory publishers and standalone journals, the study identified 891 publishers and 7,726 journals with content at the end of January 2015, of which 1,989 journals were published by twelve mega publishers that had published over one hundred journal titles. The distributions of all journals versus journals from the mega publishers by paper quantity, journal debut year/journal age, and subject were systematically examined and compared. It was found that, at the time of this study, nearly half of the publishers had only one non-empty journal. Nearly 2/3 of the 7,726 non-empty journals had published only 50 or less papers, and half of them were debuted within two years. As high as 90% of the journals targeted science, technology, and medicine (STM), and the three domains had roughly equal shares of the journals. A sample of 11,419 articles was further drawn from the journals with more than 100 papers and those with 10 or less papers. The analysis of the first authors showed that India, United States and Nigeria were the top three contributors to suspicious journals; they together constituted approximately 50% of the sample.

Scholarly books, or scholarly monographs, are an important form of research output in humanities and social sciences. However, the current research evaluation practices in Taiwan highly emphasize journal articles and have thereby suppressed the production of scholarly books. This study employed in-depth interviews with 14 Taiwanese sociologists who had written and published scholarly books to understand the problems and challenges facing scholarly monograph production in the contemporary research evaluation culture. Interview topics included the values and contributions of scholarly books to the studies of sociology, the negative influences of journal-focused research evaluations on the sociology discipline, problems and challenges facing book-writing sociologists, and possible solutions to those problems. Based on the findings, the authors discuss on the proposed research review approach that monitors an author’s book-writing progress rather than focusing on the end-product, as raised in the interviews, as well as the problems and reliability issues with the pre-publishing anonymous review requirement that has become a mandate for scholarly book publishing in Taiwan.

The mystery fiction is a popular pleasure reading genre in Taiwan. This article describes a grounded theory study that explored the reading pleasures and selection behavior of mystery fans. Based on the in-depth interview with 21 engaged mystery readers, this study identified seven types of reading pleasures, i.e., a sense of achievement from puzzle solving, feelings of amazement from the revelation of truths, satisfaction of curiosity for the unknown, a sense of compensation from seeing justice, senses of empathy and sympathy from identifying with the story characters, and the reflection of the social issues and values raised in the stories. The charms of mystery fiction may be systematically described by following four of Hudson’s (1910) conceptualization of fiction elements: i.e. the plot, characters, time and place, and the author’s view of life prevailed in the stories. In regards to readers’ selection behavior, this study identified four selection approaches commonly used by the experienced readers to discover works that possibly meet their expectations, i.e., the subgenre-oriented, author-oriented, series-oriented, and story-oriented approaches. In addition, six factors may influence readers’ selection of works, i.e., availability of expert comments, trust and confidence in the publishers, book award information, adaptation into movies or television, quality of translation, and first impression of the physical books.

In this poster, we describe partial findings from a larger study that explored the co-first and co-corresponding author phenomenon in two biomedical research areas, pharmacy and anesthesia. The top 10 journals in the two areas by the five-year impact factor as listed in 2013 JCR were used for the paper sources. A total of 17802 pharmacy papers and 35801 anesthesia papers were included in the analyses. Each paper was manually examined to identify the co-first and co-corresponding author papers. In this poster, we will show the distributions of the paper numbers and percentages of the co-first and co-corresponding papers over twenty years (1995-2014), the distributions of author numbers sharing the co-first and co-corresponding authorship, and the combinations and distributions of the authors' byline positions.

In this poster, we describe partial findings from a larger study that explores the influences of three different citation bases (reference entries, in-text citations, and essential citations) on the results of citation analysis in social sciences and humanities. Various citation characteristics such as document type, document language, self-citation rate, cited half life, and subject distributions of cited works will systematically compared to understand whether the selection of citation base did have an influence on the results. The completed analyses of the sociology discipline will be presented in this poster.

Boys’ Love (BL) is a fiction genre now enjoying high visibility and popularity among the young women in Taiwan. Inspired by the reader response theory, this study adopted a grounded theory approach to analyze female readers’ perception of “healing” generated from BL reading. Based on the in-depth interviews with 22 readers, this study revealed three types of “healing” perception and four types of situations that prompted the emergence of the feelings. The three types of “healing” perception included the perceptions induced from the descriptions of interpersonal relations in the stories (i.e., the feeling of sweetness from reading about romantic love, coziness from reading about family love and friendships, and the pain and joy of looking back at the self’s past), perceptions triggered by storylines or story characters (i.e., feeling relieved, feeling soothed, feeling of completion and satisfaction, feeling hilarious, feeling pampering toward story characters), and perceptions triggered by visual or audio sensations. The four types of situations for the emergence of the healing perception included the matching of textual characteristics and readers’ romantic experiences, the matching of textual characteristics and readers’ life experiences, an atmosphere of tenderness and softness induced by textual characteristics, and the reading of derivative creation based on other popular original fiction works that bring about satisfaction and completion. Based on the findings, this paper further discusses on the significance of the healing effects generated from everyday pleasure reading as well as the contribution of the analysis approach used in this study for future genre reading research.

In an age of intensifying scientific collaboration, the counting of papers by multiple authors has become an important methodological issue in scientometric based research evaluation. Especially, how counting methods influence institutional level research evaluation has not been studied in existing literatures. In this study, we selected the top 300 universities in physics in the 2011 HEEACT Ranking as our study subjects. We compared the university rankings generated from four different counting methods (i.e. whole counting, straight counting using first author, straight counting using corresponding author, and fractional counting) to show how paper counts and citation counts and the subsequent university ranks were affected by counting method selection. The counting was based on the 1988–2008 physics papers records indexed in ISI WoS. We also observed how paper and citation counts were inflated by whole counting. The results show that counting methods affected the universities in the middle range more than those in the upper or lower ranges. Citation counts were also more affected than paper counts. The correlation between the rankings generated from whole counting and those from the other methods were low or negative in the middle ranges. Based on the findings, this study concluded that straight counting and fractional counting were better choices for paper count and citation count in the institutional level research evaluation.

This ongoing study employs citation context analysis to examine the citation functions in social sciences and humanities (SS&H) disciplines. The analyses focus on the uses of organic/perfunctory citations and confirmative/negational citations. In this poster, we will present the preliminary findings from the completed analysis on Chinese history research papers. Chinese history authors used a large amount of perfunctory citations. The percentage of negational citations was also high, and many papers have negated a previous research. It has seriously challenged the citation analysis assumptions that citations are of equal contribution and that citation means author endorsement of previous literatures. We will continue to complete the analyses for the other chosen SS&H disciplines, and we encourage other researchers to extend the analysis to other subject areas and in other countries or languages so as to better understand researchers' citation behavior and to better assess the applicability of citation analysis in different domains.

This study examines the influences of online cultural capital on social tagging behavior in Delicious.com. The researchers identified three online cultural capital-related variables (understanding of social tagging, understanding of Delicious' social functionalities, and quantity of tags and bookmarks) via factor analysis of a survey dataset and analyzed their influences on tagging motivations (information organization-oriented vs. social-oriented) and tagging strategies (object-based tagging vs. situation based tagging). An existing dataset from a previous survey of Delicious users was used for the analysis. Multiple regression analysis was used to examine the influences of the three variables on tagging motivations and strategies. The study found that understanding of social tagging has a significant positive influence on information organization-oriented tagging; understanding of Delicious' social functionalities has a significant positive influence on social-oriented tagging. In tagging strategies, understanding of Delicious' functionalities significantly influenced how strategic respondents are in situation-based tagging. Quantity of tags and bookmarks influenced both types of tagging strategies.

This study explores the relationships between cultural and social capital and online social tagging behaviour in Delicious.com , a social bookmarking web site that offers social tagging functionalities. Based on Bourdieu’s conception of cultural and social capital, an online questionnaire was developed to measure Delicious users’ capital possession and its influences on social tagging behavioural tendencies. The study findings showed that the offline/online cultural capital and offline social capital affected information organization-oriented tagging; offline/online social capital affected social oriented-tagging; offline/online cultural capital and offline/online social capital both affected strategic tagging; offline/online social capital affected tagging imitation. Based on the findings, we made inferences on the user roles and the power structure of a social tagging folksonomy community.

This study analyzed how social capital is conceptualized in the existing empirical studies of online community knowledge sharing. We firstly introduce the theoretical concept of social capital, followed by an examination of the variables representing the concept in ten empirical information science research papers. We further used Nahapiet and Ghoshal's (1998) three-dimensional framework for conceptualizing social capital (i.e., structural, relational, cognitive) to compare the variables. The systematic literature review and analysis allows for a revelation of how the relatively complicated social capital concept has been constructed and operationalized in empirical research and shed light on how the conceptualization may be strengthened in future studies. (Article content in Chinese with English extended abstract)

開放近用期刊（open access journals，簡稱OA期刊）因圖書館期刊危機而崛起，這種新型態的學術期刊經營模式強調在網路平台上提供大眾免費下載全文，企圖去除期刊價格和使用的限制，讓研究成果更容易被使用者使用。作者對OA期刊的看法與投稿意向對OA期刊之發展具有舉足輕重之影響力，因此本研究以不同投稿OA期刊經驗之生物醫學領域研究人員為個案，利用開放式深入訪談法，探討影響其投稿OA期刊之個人與社會因素、得知管道，以及促成與阻礙投稿之狀況。本研究發現受訪者在投稿時會考量論文與目標期刊之間的契合程度、目標期刊的內容或刊務等表現、以及當下的個人與情境狀況。在選擇OA期刊時，個人因素（如對OA期刊的經驗與評價）及社會因素（如學科領域的資源豐沛程度與行政單位的投稿鼓勵制度）均可能會促成或阻礙受訪者投稿給OA期刊。研究發現可供OA推廣單位如圖書館或大學研究機構等參考，基於學者的角度，提供客製化之推廣與服務。Open access (OA) journals emerged in response to library budget cuts and the journal price crisis due to the monopoly of a few major publishers. Today, more and more OA journals have appeared in the landscape of scholarly publishing. However, how do authors who serve an important role in the chain of scholarly communication understand and perceive open access? This study used a multiple case study design to understand twelve biomedical researchers’ publishing experiences with OA journals, i.e., how they chose a journal to submit their papers, and how the personal and situational factors influence their selection of OA journals. The major findings include that: (1) the interviewee selected journals based on whether the target journal and the paper to be submitted was a good match, the overall performance of the target journal, and their past experience; (2) interviewees’ selection of OA journals could be reinforced or hampered by complicated individual (personal preference or experiences with OA journals) and social factors (subject disciplines or reward mechanism). The findings may shed lights on the promotion of OA journals to scholars in Taiwan.

The counting of papers and citations is fundamental to the assessment of research productivity and impact. In an age of increasing scientific collaboration across national borders, the counting of papers produced by collaboration between multiple countries, and citations of such papers, raises concerns in country-level research evaluation. In this study, we compared the number counts and country ranks resulting from five different counting methods. We also observed inflation depending on the method used. Using the 1989 to 2008 physics papers indexed in ISI's Web of Science as our sample, we analyzed the counting results in terms of paper count (research productivity) as well as citation count and citation–paper ratio (CP ratio) based evaluation (research impact). The results show that at the country-level assessment, the selection of counting method had only minor influence on the number counts and country rankings in each assessment. However, the influences of counting methods varied between paper count, citation count, and CP ratio based evaluation. The findings also suggest that the popular counting method (whole counting) that gives each collaborating country one full credit may not be the best counting method. Straight counting that accredits only the first or the corresponding author or fractional counting that accredits each collaborator with partial and weighted credit might be the better choices. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

This paper describes the results from using four counting methods that represented three different counting approaches – i.e., whole counting, straight counting, and fractional counting, on university rankings based on H-index. Using a large bibliometric dataset that contained 20 years of physics research papers and citations from Web of Science, we tested the methods on the data and sorted 299 universities based on H-index scores. Prior to the counting and sorting, the original WOS data were carefully controlled to ensure that papers and citations of each university were identified and correctly differentiated in the analyses. Findings showed that the three counting approaches did result in observable differences in h-index scores and institution ranks.

This article examines citations of Western journals in eight LIS journals and six history journals published in Taiwan. The findings show that both the Western journals' impact factor values and whether they are included in JCR may not necessarily indicate their real use in Taiwan's LIS and history research—especially in history research.

In this paper we describe how different accounting procedures affected the counting of scientific paper numbers at the country level and the country ranks based on paper production quantity in physics. Using 1989--2008 citation data, we also report the counting inflation ratio between different accounting procedures. We found that, in general, different accounting procedures yielded relatively similar and stable rankings. But for certain clusters of countries, the normal count procedure tended to favor the more advanced Western countries. In contrast, the newly developed countries received more credit in the adjusted and straight count procedures.

This paper reports on a study of librarian initiated publications discovery (LIPD) in U.S. state digital depository programs using the OCLC Digital Archive to preserve web-based government publications for permanent public access. This paper describes a model of LIPD processes based on empirical investigations of four OCLC DA-based digital depositories. The model is composed of stages including site visit, site scan, selection, re-conceptualization, and two bibliographic verification steps; action strategies at each stage and the observed practices at each site are reported. This paper also describes how librarian perceptions of web publications as discrete objects and bibliographic objects influence the selection and retention of government web content. Finally, the paper discusses several problems associated with the observed LIPD methodologies and technologies.

This article describes the novel phenomenon of librarian-initiated publications discovery (LIPD) in state-level digital depositories in the United States. LIPD is a series of actions taken by digital depository librarians to discover and inspect government Web sites and select Web content qualifying as government publications for inclusion in the state depositories. In a current popular model in which states employ OCLC Digital Archive™ for the depositories, the power of content selection has shifted from government agencies (content producers) to digital depositories. This study systematically documented and compared the LIPD actions in four case states and developed a LIPD process model for descriptive and analytic purposes. It also discusses the impacts and challenges facing the changing practices in preserving government information as historical record. (Article content in Chinese with English abstract)

This paper describes a comparative case study of the capture and selection practices used to populate electronic depositories of born-digital state government publications. The three case sites illustrate differences in collection building approaches, technological infrastructures, and statutory contexts. The findings reveal two basic modes of selection practices—active selection and passive selection, and three selection models based on the loci of selection control—library selection, liaison selection, and creator selection. Also, the findings suggest the power of defining and selecting government publications for state depositories is shifting from government agencies to state libraries in the active selection model. The authors argue for the need to attend to Web publications in non-traditional formats (e.g., an interactive HTML document) and to include common publications produced for lay citizens (e.g., brochures, fact sheets, FAQs, etc.) in the permanent collections in order to fully document government activities for the historical record.

This paper introduces Records Continuum, a recordkeeping theory emerging from the Australian archives and records management studies which gained international recognition in the 1990s. This paper first describes the background of the theory development. It goes on to explicate the theses of continuum theorists including the Records Continuum Diagram developed by Frank Upward. Finally, it offers some critiques on the theoretical propositions and discusses their implications on records and archival practices. (Article content in Chinese with English abstract)

This poster describes an analysis of arguments supportive of, or critical of the Open Access (OA) movement expressed in a sample of the professional library literature from China, Taiwan and the United States during the 1998-2005 time period. Scientific journals have played a central role in the accumulation and growth of scientific knowledge (Meadows, 1974); and the sharp rise in the price of scientific journals in recent years has led to numerous calls for publishing reform, including the development of the Open Access movement. This movement envisions a “world-wide electronic distribution of the peer-reviewed journal literature and completely free and unrestricted access to it by all scientists, scholars, teachers, students, and other curious minds.” Such system could “share the learning of the rich with the poor and the poor with the rich”, so that “research and education in every part of the world are that much more free to flourish” (Budapest Open Access Initiative, 2002).