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Chronoamperometric curves for the oxidation of a ferrocenyl derivative via a potential step, calculated using the Cottrell equation, showed less diffusion-controlled currents on a platinum wire electrode. This lower deviation cannot be explained via Butler–Volmer heterogeneous kinetics, but was ascribed to the negatively capacitive current associated with a redox reaction. The deviation in fully oxidized electrical potential corresponds to the non-zero concentration at the electrode surface, which cannot be predicted using the Nernst equation. This equation expresses the relationship between the electrical potential and activity at the electrode surface rather than the concentration. The diffusion equation determines the relationship between the current and surface concentration rather than activity. Negative capacitance or a non-zero concentration may arise from structure formation on the electrode owing to dipole–dipole interactions, which are similar to the generation of double-layer capacitance, including frequency dispersion. Following this concept, we derive expressions for a lowered diffusion-controlled current and time-dependent surface concentration. The negatively capacitive current shows the time dependence of t−0.9, which is similar to the decay of double-layer capacitive currents. The surface concentration decays with t−0.4-dependence.

Purine adenosine pathway exists widely in the body metabolism, and is involved in regulating various physiological processes. It is one of the important pathways of environmental regulation in human body. CD73 is essentially a protease that catalyzes further dephosphorylation of extracellular adenine nucleotides, hydrolyzing extracellular AMP to adenosine and phosphate. CD73 is an important part of the adenosine signaling pathway. Studies have shown that CD73-mediated adenosine pathway can convert the inflammatory ATP into the immunosuppressant adenosine. This paper aims to summarize the relevant effects of CD73 in the occurrence, development and prognosis of liver diseases such as viral hepatitis, highlight the important role of CD73 in liver diseases, especially in viral hepatitis such as HBV and HCV, and explore new clinical ideas for future treatment targets of liver diseases.

Hengyu Tian, Yuanyuan Chen, Renjie Zhang, Jialin Liu Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital/The fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518033, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Jialin Liu, Tel +86-13714754393, Email szliujialin123@163.comIntroduction: This work carried out comprehensive bioinformatics analysis and explored potential actions of COL22A1 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) pathophysiology.Methods: Microarray datasets including GSE159220, GSE104766, GSE104310 and GSE33294 were retrieved for bioinformatics analysis. Overlapped differentially expressed genes (DEGs) among GSE159220, GSE104766, GSE104310 and GSE33294 were first subjected to functional annotation analysis. Protein–protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed to reveal the hub genes in the network. The miRNAs-mRNA from hub genes were also constructed. Prognostic analysis of patients with HCC was undertaken to evaluate prognostic values of these hub genes. Functional assays were employed to determine actions of COL22A1 in the HCC cell progression.Results: Ninety-one common up-regulated DEGs and 55 common down-regulated DEGs among GSE159220, GSE104766, GSE104310 and GSE33294 were identified. Functional annotation analysis revealed that these common DEGs may be correlated with the extracellular matrix. The protein–protein interaction analysis further revealed 20 hub genes. Among these hub genes, high expression levels of COL2A1, COL22A1, HAPLN1, PTHLH and SOX2 showed positive associatin with shorter overall survival (OS) of HCC patients, while low expression levels of COL17A1, REN and TRH exhibited correlation with shorter OS of HCC patients. Furthermore, the COL22A1 was overexpressed in HCC tissues when compared to normal ones, and the promoter methylation level of COL22A1 was significantly lower in the HCC tissues when compared to normal ones. Validation assays deciphered that COL22A1 silencing suppressed HCC cell invasion, migration and epithelial mesenchymal transition.Conclusion: This study identified several hub genes closely correlated with HCC pathogenesis, and COL22A1 may be involved in the HCC metastasis, but this still requires further mechanistic studies.Keywords: hepatocellular carcinoma, differentially expressed genes, hub genes, COL22A1, prognosis

Previous studies have shown that optimal blood pressure (BP) control is necessary to outcomes in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Acute left ventricular MI is a prevalent type of AMI with poor prognosis. We aimed to analyze the associations between BP control in the first 7 days of hospitalization and long-term mortality specific to patients with isolated left ventricular MI.A total of 3108 acute left ventricular MI patients were included in this analysis. The average BP on the first seven days of hospitalization was categorized into 10-mmHg increments. The primary and secondary outcomes were all-cause death and cardiac death, respectively. Cox models were used to assess the association of outcomes with BP during hospitalization.The median length-of-stay was 7 (IQR 6-10) days. The relationship between systolic BP (SBP) or diastolic BP (DBP) followed a U-shaped curve association with outcomes. All-cause mortality was higher in patients with lower SBP (≤90 mmHg) (adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) 7.12, 95% confidence interval (CI) 3.13-16.19; p 0.001) and DBP (60 mmHg) (HR 1.76, 95% CI 1.14-2.71; p = 0.011) [reference: 110 SBP ≤120 mmHg; 70 DBP ≤ 80 mmHg], respectively. Furthermore, primary outcome was higher in patients with higher SBP (130 mmHg) (HR 1.51, 95% CI 1.12-2.03; p = 0.007) and DBP (80 mmHg) (HR 1.61, 95% CI 1.20-2.18; p = 0.002), respectively.Maintaining a SBP from 90 to 130 mmHg and a DBP from 60 to 80 mmHg may be beneficial to patients with acute left ventricular MI in the long run.

We propose a spin-orbit-coupled Floquet spinor Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) which can be implemented by a Floquet engineering of quadratic Zeeman field. The Floquet spinor BEC has a Bessel-function-modulated Rabi frequency and a Floquet-induced spin-exchange interaction. Quantum phase diagram of a spin-orbit-coupled Floquet spinor BEC is investigated by considering antiferromagnetic or ferromagnetic spin-spin interactions. In comparison with a usual spin-orbit-coupled spin-1 BEC, we find that a stripe phase for antiferromagnetic interactions can exist in a large quadratic Zeeman field regime, and a new stripe phase with an experimentally favorable contrast for ferromagnetic interactions is uncovered., 9 pages, 7 figures

Artificial intelligence (AI)-empowered industrial fault diagnostics is important in ensuring the safe operation of industrial applications. Since complex industrial systems often involve multiple industrial plants (possibly belonging to different companies or subsidiaries) with sensitive data collected and stored in a distributed manner, collaborative fault diagnostic model training often needs to leverage federated learning (FL). As the scale of the industrial fault diagnostic models are often large and communication channels in such systems are often not exclusively used for FL model training, existing deployed FL model training frameworks cannot train such models efficiently across multiple institutions. In this paper, we report our experience developing and deploying the Federated Opportunistic Block Dropout (FEDOBD) approach for industrial fault diagnostic model training. By decomposing large-scale models into semantic blocks and enabling FL participants to opportunistically upload selected important blocks in a quantized manner, it significantly reduces the communication overhead while maintaining model performance. Since its deployment in ENN Group in February 2022, FEDOBD has served two coal chemical plants across two cities in China to build industrial fault prediction models. It helped the company reduce the training communication overhead by over 70% compared to its previous AI Engine, while maintaining model performance at over 85% test F1 score. To our knowledge, it is the first successfully deployed dropout-based FL approach.

Hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage (HICH) is the most common type of spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage in China which is associated with high mortality and disability. We sought to develop and validate a noncontrast computed tomography (NCCT)-based nomogram model to achieve short-term prognostic prediction for patients with HICH. We retrospectively studied 292 patients with HICH from two medical centers, and they were divided into training (n = 151), validation (n = 66), and testing cohorts (n = 75). Based on radiomics, univariate and multivariate, and logistic regression analyses, four models (black hole sign, clinical, radiomics score, and combined models) were established to predict the prognosis of patients with HICH 30 days after the onset. The results suggested that the combined model had the best predictive performance with the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.821, 0.816, and 0.815 in the training, validation, and testing cohorts, respectively. In addition, a radiomics-clinical (R-C) nomogram was visualized. A calibration curve analysis showed that the R-C nomogram had satisfactory calibration in the three cohorts. A decision curve analysis demonstrated that the R-C nomogram was clinically valuable. Our results suggest that the R-C nomogram can accurately and reliably predict the short-term prognosis of patients with HICH and provide a useful evaluation for making individualized treatment plans.

Understanding the geological factors behind the physical and elastic properties of marine sediments and unconsolidated rock is essential for the interpretation of geophysical measurements, hazard assessment, and ocean engineering applications. Core and well logging data from the six drilling sites of the Ocean Drilling Program/International Ocean Discovery Program (ODP/IODP) were used to analyze the rock physical characteristics in the South China sea. The depositional environment plays a significant role in affecting the physical properties of marine sediments. The sediments deposited under shallow water conditions show a higher velocity than the basin, slope, and deeper shelf carbonate deposits. Moreover, the non-depositional hiatus along the Oligocene-Miocene boundary displays a notable control on the variation of rock physical properties. It is found that the lithofacies and physical compaction remarkably influence the elastic characteristics of P-impedance and Vp/Vs ratio. The calcareous-rich sediment and ooze have very low P-impedance and high Vp/Vs ratio, whereas the siltstone and coarse sand present high P-impedance and low Vp/Vs ratio characteristics. With the enhancement of the consolidation degree, the Vp/Vs ratio significantly decreases from 6 to less than 2, suggesting that the shear wave velocity is highly sensitive to physical compactions. The basalt at site U1431 is considerably lower in its P-wave velocity than that at the site of U1433, which is probably caused by the intense fracturing occurring at the site of U1431 associated with different tectonic environments. We establish the link between geological factors and elastic characteristics of marine sediments of SCS, laying the foundation for characterizing depositional environments, lithofacies, and compaction degrees using geophysical measurements.

Additional file 1: Table 1. Nucleotide similarity of HA and NA genes of Apdm09 compared to vaccine strains.

The Wide Field Survey Telescope (WFST) is a dedicated photometric survey facility under construction jointly by the University of Science and Technology of China and Purple Mountain Observatory. It is equipped with a primary mirror of 2.5m in diameter, an active optical system, and a mosaic CCD camera of 0.73 Gpix on the main focus plane to achieve high-quality imaging over a field of view of 6.5 square degrees. The installation of WFST in the Lenghu observing site is planned to happen in the summer of 2023, and the operation is scheduled to commence within three months afterward. WFST will scan the northern sky in four optical bands (u, g, r, and i) at cadences from hourly/daily to semi-weekly in the deep high-cadence survey (DHS) and the wide field survey (WFS) programs, respectively. WFS reaches a depth of 22.27, 23.32, 22.84, and 22.31 in AB magnitudes in a nominal 30-second exposure in the four bands during a photometric night, respectively, enabling us to search tremendous amount of transients in the low-z universe and systematically investigate the variability of Galactic and extragalactic objects. Intranight 90s exposures as deep as 23 and 24 mag in u and g bands via DHS provide a unique opportunity to facilitate explorations of energetic transients in demand for high sensitivity, including the electromagnetic counterparts of gravitational-wave events detected by the second/third-generation GW detectors, supernovae within a few hours of their explosions, tidal disruption events and luminous fast optical transients even beyond a redshift of 1. Meanwhile, the final 6-year co-added images, anticipated to reach g about 25.5 mag in WFS or even deeper by 1.5 mag in DHS, will be of significant value to general Galactic and extragalactic sciences. The highly uniform legacy surveys of WFST will also serve as an indispensable complement to those of LSST which monitors the southern sky., Comment: 46 pages, submitted to SCMPA

Research Data for Spontaneous hepatic haemorrhage after caesarean section in a patient with uraemia and superimposed preeclampsia: a case report by Yuanyuan Chen, Kai Liu, Kangjie Song, Changtai Fang, Lianghua Zhu, Gaofei Wu, Junjing Zha and Jiaan Zha in Journal of International Medical Research

Additional file 2: Table 2. Amino acid similarity of HA and NA genes of Apdm09 compared to vaccine strains.

Additional file 3: Table 3. Nucleotide similarity of HA and NA genes of Acompared to vaccine strains.

Generative AI tools such as ChatGPT have recently gained significant attention in higher education. This study aims to understand how universities establish policies regarding the use of AI tools and explore the factors that influence their decisions. Our study examines ChatGPT policies implemented at universities around the world, including their existence, content, and issuance dates. Specifically, we analyzed the top 500 universities according to the 2022 QS World University Rankings. Our findings indicate that there is significant variation in university policies. Less than one-third of the universities included in the study had implemented ChatGPT policies. Of the universities with ChatGPT policies, approximately 67 percent embraced ChatGPT in teaching and learning, more than twice the number of universities that banned it. The majority of the universities that ban the use of ChatGPT in assessments allow individual instructors to deviate from this restrictive policy. Our empirical analysis identifies several factors that are significantly and positively correlated with a university's likelihood of having a ChatGPT policy, including the university's academic reputation score, being in an English-speaking country, and the general public attitudes toward ChatGPT. In addition, we found that a university's likelihood of having a ban policy is positively associated with faculty student ratio, citations, and the English-speaking country dummy, while negatively associated with the number of peer universities within the same country that have banned ChatGPT. We discuss the challenges faced by universities based our empirical findings., Comment: 33 pages with 2 figures

Background. Emerging evidence has shown that two common genetic polymorphisms within the pleckstrin domain-containing protein 5 (DEPDC5), rs1012068 and rs5998152, may be associated with the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), especially in those individuals chronically infected with the hepatitis C virus (HCV) or the hepatitis B virus (HBV). However, these findings have not been consistently replicated in the literature due to limited sample sizes or different etiologies of HCC. Thus, the present systematic review and meta-analysis were performed to resolve this inconsistency. Methods. The databases PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, the China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Scopus were searched up to December 12, 2022. Data from relevant studies were pooled, and odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were calculated. Results. A total of 11 case-control studies encompassing 2,609 cases and 8,171 controls on rs1012068 and three encompassing 411 cases and 1,448 controls on rs5998152 were included. Results indicated that the DEPDC5 rs1012068 polymorphism did not significantly increase HCC risk in the total population (allelic model (OR = 1.32, 95% CI = 1.04–1.67, P = 0.02); the recessive model (OR = 1.42, 95% CI = 0.96–2.10, P = 0.08); the dominant model (OR = 1.43, 95% CI = 1.09–1.87, P = 0.01); the homozygous model (OR = 1.61, 95% CI = 1.01–2.57, P = 0.05); the heterozygous model (OR = 1.39, 95% CI = 1.09–1.79, P = 0.009)). Subgroup analyses based on ethnicity and etiology revealed that the rs1012068 polymorphism, under all five genetic models, was associated with increased HCC risk in Asians or in individuals with chronic HBV infection but not in individuals with chronic HCV infection. A significant association was also observed between rs5998152 and HCV-related HCC risk in Asians chronically infected with HCV under allelic, dominant, and heterozygous models. Conclusion. Our study suggests that the DEPDC5 rs1012068 polymorphism increases HCC risk, especially in Asians with chronic HBV infection, while the rs5998152 polymorphism increases HCC risk in Asians with chronic HCV infection.

The experimental results for different thickness of the transparent glass

Additional file 4: Table 4. Amino acid similarity of HA and NA genes of Acompared to vaccine strains

Label-free quantitative phase imaging is an essential tool for studying in vitro living cells in various research fields of life sciences. Digital holographic microscopy (DHM) is a non-destructive full-field microscopy technique that provides phase images by directly measuring the optical path differences, which facilitates cell segmentation and allows the determination of several important cellular physical features, such as dry mass. In this work, we present a systematic analysis framework for live-cell imaging and morphological characterization, terms as LAF (live-cell analysis framework). All image processing algorithms involved in this framework are implemented on the high-resolution artifact-free quantitative phase images obtained by our previously proposed slightly off-axis holographic system (FPDH) and associated reconstruction methods. A highly robust automated cell segmentation method is applied to extract the valid cellular region, followed by live-cell analysis framework algorithms to determine the physical and morphological properties, including the area, perimeter, irregularity, volume and dry mass, of each individual cell. Experiments on live HeLa cells demonstrate the validity and effectiveness of the presented framework, revealing its potential for diverse biomedical applications.

Visual object detection is an important artificial intelligence (AI) technique for safety monitoring applications. Current approaches for building visual object detection models require large and well-labeled dataset stored by a centralized entity. This not only poses privacy concerns under the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), but also incurs large transmission and storage overhead. Federated learning (FL) is a promising machine learning paradigm to address these challenges. In this paper, we report on FedVision—a machine learning engineering platform to support the development of federated learning powered computer vision applications—to bridge this important gap. The platform has been deployed through collaboration between WeBank and Extreme Vision to help customers develop computer vision-based safety monitoring solutions in smart city applications. Through actual usage, it has demonstrated significant efficiency improvement and cost reduction while fulfilling privacy-preservation requirements (e.g., reducing communication overhead for one company by 50 fold and saving close to 40,000RMB of network cost per annum). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first practical application of FL in computer vision-based tasks.

Objective To observer the effect of Shubishu biocolloids combined with compound Huangbai Solution lotion in the treatment of diabetic foot ulcer, and evaluate its efficacy and safety. Methods A Total of 24 patients with refractory diabetic foot ulcer were divided into the observation group and control group, with 12 cases in each group. All patients received routine treatment, and those in the observation group were given external application of Shubishu biocolloids combined with compound Huangbai Solution lotion. The wound healing condition, degree of pruritus, pain, granulation tissue at wound surface area and wound infection condition were assessed at 8 weeks after intervention. Results The overall response rate was 91. 67%(11/12)in the observation group, which was higher than 58. 33%(7/12)in the control group(P＜0. 05). The scores of assessment on pruritus, pain, granulation tissue decreased in both two group at 8 weeks after intervention(P＜0. 05), and scores of pruritus, pain, granulation tissue assessment in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P＜0. 05). There were 2 cases of wound infection reported in the control group. Conclusion The Shubishu biocolloids combined with compound Huangbai Solution lotion is effective and safe to improve the efficacy of treatment for diabetic foot ulcer, relieve general symptoms, reduce ulcer area.

Quantum interferences of entangled photons have engendered tremendous intriguing phenomena that lack any counterpart in classical physics. Hitherto, owing to the salient properties of quantum optics, quantum interference has been widely studied and provides useful tools that ultimately broaden the path towards ultra-sensitive quantum metrology, ranging from sub-shot-noise quantum sensing to high-resolution optical spectroscopy. In particular, quantum interferometric metrology is an essential requisite for extracting information about the structure and dynamics of photon-sensitive biological and chemical molecules. This article reviews the theoretical and experimental progress of this quantum interferometric metrology technology along with their advanced applications. The scope of this review includes Hong–Ou–Mandel interferometry with ultrahigh timing resolution, entanglement-assisted absorption spectroscopy based on a Fourier transform, and virtual-state spectroscopy using tunable energy-time entangled photons.

With the change of global climate, extreme weather events such as drought and flood disasters occur frequently. These have a great impact on crop yields. As an important main grain producing area, the impact of drought and flood on the agricultural production of the three provinces in three northeast provinces of China cannot be ignored. Based on historic meteorological data such as daily precipitation, maximum temperature, minimum temperature, 2 m average wind speed, sunshine hours and relative humidity, etc., the standardized precipitation index (SPI) and standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index (SPEI) during 1988－2017 in three northeast provinces of China were calculated with different time scales. Through comparing with characterization of drought and flood disasters in history, SPEI was chosen to judge drought and flood in the growth season of spring maize. With the purpose of evaluating the effects of drought and flood on spring maize yield, based on the distance correlation analysis method, the index of reasonable time scale and key month were selected to analyze the relationship between the index and the relative meteorological yield of spring maize. The relationship between water conditions at different growth stages and the yield was also analyzed. The results showed that: (1) both SPI and SPEI could represent the drought and flood conditions in three northeast provinces of China. Compared with SPI, SPEI had higher correlation with the drought and flood disaster rate, and SPEI was more advantageous in characterizing the drought and flood conditions in the study area; (2) relative meteorological yield was significantly correlated with drought disaster rate in all three provinces (P

Tie2 expressing monocytes/macrophages (TEMs) are a subtype of monocytes or macrophages which expressing tyrosine kinase receptor Tie2. They can exist in peripheral blood and tissues of both human and mouse. TEMs can participate in the formation of tumor microenvironment by accelerating tumor angiogenesis, lymphangiogenesis and immunosuppression. At present, TEMs have been found to have potential diagnostic and prognostic guiding significance for a variety of tumors, and they are expected to provide new directions and strategies for tumor therapy. This paper reviews the research progress of TEMs in tumor.

In view of the KS-tensor complementarity problem, the sparse solution of this problem is studied. Due to the nonconvexity and noncontinuity of the l_0-norm, it is a NP hard problem to find the sparse solution of the KS-tensor complementarity problem. In order to solve this problem, we transform it into a polynomial programming problem with constraints. Then we use the sequential quadratic programming (SQP) algorithm to solve this transformed problem. Numerical results show that the SQP algorithm can find the sparse solutions of the KS-tensor complementarity problem effectively.

Global aquatic habitats are undergoing rapid degradation and fragmentation as a result of climate change and changes in land use. Understanding the genetic variability and adaptive potential of aquatic plant species is thus important for conservation purposes. In this study, we investigated the genetic diversity and structure of the extant natural populations of Zizania latifolia from five river basins in China based on 46 microsatellite markers. We tested isolation by environment (IBE), isolation by resistance (IBR), and isolation by distance (IBD) patterns using a reciprocal causal model (RCM). Furthermore, we elucidated the impact of the environment on Z. latifolia genetic diversity using generalized linear models (GLMs) and spatially explicit mixed models. Low genetic diversity (HE = 0.125–0.433) and high genetic differentiation (FST = 0.641, Øpt = 0.654) were found. Higher historical gene flow (MH = 0.212–2.354) than contemporary gene flow (MC = 0.0112–0.0247) and significant bottlenecks in almost all populations were identified, highlighting the negative impact of wetland fragmentation. The IBE model was exclusively supported for all populations and in three river basins. The IBD and IBR models were supported in one river basin each. The maximum temperature of the warmest month and precipitation seasonality were the plausible environmental parameters responsible for the observed pattern of genetic diversity. Local adaptation signatures were found, with nine loci identified as outliers, four of which were gene-linked and associated with environmental variables. Based on these findings, IBE is more important than IBD and IBR in shaping the genetic structure of Z. latifolia.

The heterogeneity of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) protocols and clinical profiles may explain variable results in modulating excitability in the motor cortex after stroke. However, the cortical electrical effects induced by different tDCS protocols remain unclear. Here, we aimed to compare rhythm changes in electroencephalography (EEG) induced by three tDCS position protocols and the association between tDCS effects and clinical factors in stroke. Nineteen patients with chronic ischemic stroke underwent four experimental sessions with three tDCS protocols [anodal (atDCS), cathodal (ctDCS), and bilateral (bi-tDCS)] and a sham protocol, according to a single-blind randomized crossover design. Resting-state EEG was acquired before and after each protocol. First, a paired-sample t-test was used to examine the difference in spectral power between pre- and post-stimulation. Then, linear and quadratic regression models were used separately to describe the association between the clinical factors of stroke and changes in spectral power which was significantly different between pre- and post-tDCS. Finally, repeated measures analysis of variance with lesion hemisphere, stimulation protocol, and the location was performed to investigate the effects of tDCS over time. The induced effect of tDCS was mainly reflected in the alpha rhythms. The alpha power was increased by atDCS, especially low-alpha (8–10 Hz), in localized areas of the central and distant areas of the frontal and parietal lobes. Bi-tDCS also affected alpha power but in a smaller area that mainly focused on high-alpha rhythms (10–13 Hz). However, ctDCS and sham had no significant effects on any EEG rhythm. The clinical factors of time since stroke and motor impairment level were related to the change in high-alpha induced by atDCS and bi-tDCS following quadratic regression models. The above-mentioned modulation effect lasted for 20 min without attenuation. In conclusion, our findings provide evidence that the alpha rhythm of EEG is modulated differently by different tDCS protocols and that high alpha is affected by clinical characteristics such as post-stroke time and motor deficits, which is of great significance for understanding the modulation effect of different tDCS protocols on stroke and the guidance of protocols to promote motor recovery following stroke.

Understanding the patterns of atmospheric phosphorus (P) deposition is essential for assessing the global P biogeochemical cycle. The atmospheric phosphorus (P) is an essential source of P in agricultural activities as well as eutrophication in waters; however, the information on P deposition is relatively less paid attention, especially in the anthropogenic influencing region. Therefore, this study chose a typical urban-rural transition as a representative to monitor the dry and wet P depositions for two years. The results showed that the fluxes of atmospheric total P deposition (ATD) ranged from 0.50 to 1.06 kg P hm-2 yr-1, and the primary form was atmospheric dry P deposition (ADD) (76.13 %, 0.76~0.84 kg hm-2 yr-1). Moreover, it was found that the monthly variations of P deposition were strongly influenced by meteorological factors, including precipitation, temperature, and relative humidity. However, the fluxes of ADD and ATD were more affected by land use, which increased with the agro-facility, town, and paddy field areas, but decreased with the forest and country road areas. These findings suggested that ADD was the primary form of ATD, and P deposition could be both affected by meteorological factors and land use types. Thus, proper management of land use may be helpful for mitigating the pollution caused by P deposition.

Single atom catalysts (SACs) stabilized by nitrogen in a carbon support and having maximized atom utilization efficiency and an unsaturated environment exhibit high catalytic activity and selectivity. Incorporating nitrogen into the carbon lattice efficiently and uniformly is a critical step in preparing such catalysts but is challenging. The synthesis of Co and N co-doped porous carbon nanospheres (CoN-PCNS) in which Co is dispersed on the atomic scale is described herein, based on the facile pyrolysis of a mixture of cyclodextrin-based supermolecules with CoCl2. Non-covalent host–guest interactions between cyclodextrin and p-phenylenediamine in the supramolecular complex give optimal nitrogen species mobility and retention. These factors enable a thorough reaction between nitrogen and carbon during crosslinking to give ultrahigh nitrogen doping efficiency, with approximately 57% nitrogen retention upon pyrolysis and consequently a homogeneous dispersion of coordinated CoN4 sites throughout the carbon matrix. The CoN-PCNS exhibits impressive electrocatalytic activity during oxygen reduction, with an onset potential of 0.93 V, limiting current density of 5.74 mA cm−2, good methanol tolerance and negligible activity decay under alkaline conditions after 10 000 voltage cycles. Density functional theory calculations suggest that CoN4 is the most active among the various sites.

With the rapid increase of information generated from all kinds of sources, temporal big data mining in business area has been paid more and more attention recently. A novel data mining algorithm for mining temporal association is proposed. Mining temporal association can not only provide better predictability for customer behaviour but also help organisations with better strategies and marketing decisions. To compare the proposed algorithm, two methods to mine temporal association are presented. One is improved based on a traditional mining algorithm, Apriori. The other is based on an Index-Tree. Moreover, the proposed method is extended to mine temporal association in multi-dimensional space. The experimental results show that the Index-Tree method outperforms the Apriori-modified method in all cases.

The ability of perceiving external pressures and conducting corresponding signals is one of the important functions of flexible electronics, which has been widely studied in electronic skin, prosthetics, robotics, healthcare, human-machine interfaces, etc. Pressure sensor should not be limited to the detection of unidirectional pressure. Here, a leather-based electronic pressure sensor and corresponding arrays with bidirectional sensing capability are demonstrated. The sensor/arrays consisting of two pieces of stacked leather both modified with acidified carbon nanotubes (a-CNTs) can achieve multi-level response to pressure over a broad working range and sense pulling force opposite to pressure. With polyurethane mixed with ferriferrous oxide (Fe3O4) powder being applied to their upper surface, the resistive sensor/individual units of arrays can also detect the magnetic field because of the contactless pulling force generated by the magnetized Fe3O4. Being able to sense pressure, pulling force and magnetic field, the leather-based electronic bidirectional pressure sensor and corresponding arrays with good performance not only exhibit potential for mass production and their broad application prospects, but also provide a new insight for the development of flexible electronics.

A covalent organic framework-based nanoplatform has been developed for cancer imaging, photodynamic therapy, and prognosis., Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have emerged as a kind of promising material for analytical and biomedical purposes. However, simultaneous cancer diagnosis and therapy with COFs remain a challenge. We report here a COF-based theranostic nanoplatform by integrating a dye-labeled oligonucleotide onto porphyrin-based COF nanoparticles for highly efficient cancer diagnosis and therapy. The fluorescence of the dye was effectively quenched by the COF through fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET). In the presence of biomarker survivin mRNA, more stable duplexes were formed and separated from the COF NPs, enabling the recovery of the fluorescence signal and selective cancer imaging. Under NIR laser irradiation, COF NPs generated abundant reactive oxygen species (ROS) to induce cancer cell apoptosis owing to their crystalline reticular structure. In vitro and in vivo experiments revealed that the nanoplatform has a high specificity and inhibition effect toward cancer cells and solid tumors. Interestingly, prognostic evaluation was also realized with COF-survivin. This work will offer new insights into COF-based probes and inspire the development of more versatile tools for biomedical applications.

Generative adversarial learning is currently one of the most prolific fields in artificial intelligence due to its great performance in a variety of challenging tasks such as photorealistic image and video generation. While a quantum version of generative adversarial learning has emerged that promises exponential advantages over its classical counterpart, its experimental implementation and potential applications with accessible quantum technologies remain explored little. Here, we report an experimental demonstration of quantum generative adversarial learning with the assistance of adaptive feedback that is based on stochastic gradient descent algorithm. Its performance is explored by applying this technique to the adaptive characterization of quantum dynamics and simultaneous estimation of multiple phases. These results indicate the intriguing advantages of quantum generative adversarial learning even in the presence of deleterious noise, and pave the way towards quantum-enhanced information processing applications.

Urban green space can help to reduce PM2.5 concentration by absorption and deposition processes. However, few studies have focused on the historical influence of green space on PM2.5 at a fine grid scale. Taking the central city of Wuhan as an example, this study has analyzed the spatiotemporal trend and the relationship between green space and PM2.5 in the last two decades. The results have shown that: (1) PM2.5 concentration reached a maximum value (139 µg/m3 ) in 2010 and decreased thereafter. Moran’s I index values of PM2.5 were in a downward trend, which indicates a sparser distribution; (2) from 2000 to 2019, the total area of green space decreased by 25.83%. The reduction in larger patches, increment in land cover diversity, and less connectivity led to fragmented spatial patterns of green space; and (3) the regression results showed that large patches of green space significantly correlated with PM2.5 concentration. The land use/cover diversity negatively correlated with the PM2.5 concentration in the ordinary linear regression. In conclusion, preserving large native natural habitats can be a supplemental measure to enlarge the air purification function of the green space. For cities in the process of PM2.5 reduction, enhancing the landscape patterns of green space provides a win-win solution to handle air pollution and raise human well-being.

Background and AimTo evaluate the safety and efficacy of laparoscopy distal gastrectomy using a linear stapler compared with a circular stapler in patients with gastric cancer.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed 173 patients who underwent laparoscopic distal gastrectomy for gastric cancer at a single center from January 2018 to December 2020. Patients were categorized into the linear stapler group and the circular stapler group. General data, intraoperative and postoperative outcomes, postoperative pathological results, postoperative complications, and postoperative follow-up in the two groups were compared and analyzed.ResultsThe operation time (208.76 ± 32.92 vs. 226.69 ± 26.92 min, p < 0.05), anastomosis time (71.87 ± 9.50 vs. 90.56 ± 3.18 min, p < 0.05), time to first flatus (68.60 ± 25.96 vs. 76.16 ± 21.05 h, p < 0.05), time to the first sip of water (3.66 ± 0.61 vs. 4.07 ± 0.77 days, p < 0.05), and time to the first liquid diet (4.43 ± 1.02 vs. 5.03 ± 1.70 days, p < 0.05) were significantly shorter in the linear stapler group. In addition, the highest postoperative body temperature within 3 days (37.4 ± 0.61 vs. 37.7 ± 0.61, p < 0.05) after the operation, white blood cell count (WBC) on the 3rd day (9.07 ± 2.52 vs. 10.01 ± 2.98 × 10∧9/L, p < 0.05), and average gastric tube drainage within 3 days (36.65 ± 24.57 vs. 52.61 ± 37 ml, p < 0.05) were also significantly lower in the linear stapler group.ConclusionsBoth circular and linear staplers are safe and feasible for gastrointestinal reconstruction in laparoscopic distal gastrectomy. In contrast, a linear stapler has advantages over a circular stapler in shortening operation time and accelerating the postoperative recovery of patients.

PurposeFew studies have evaluated hyponatremia management in children with bacterial meningitis (BM). Thus, we aimed to describe variations in clinical practice, the effectiveness of sodium management, and adverse outcomes in children with BM and hyponatremia.MethodsThis retrospective cross-sectional study conducted at a tertiary institution analyzed participants' demographic, clinical, and sodium-altering treatment data. The sodium trigger for treatment was defined as pretreatment sodium level, with response and overcorrection defined as increments of ≥5 and >10 mmol/L after 24 h, respectively.ResultsThis study enrolled 364 children with BM (age: 24 p = 0.015] and minimum Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score ≤ 8 (OR 11.09, 95% CI 1.16–105.73, p = 0.036) predicted dysnatremia at 48 h after treatment initiation. Although rare, persistent moderate/severe hyponatremia or hypernatremia at 48 h after treatment initiation was associated with a high mortality rate (57.1%).ConclusionThis study found that most cases of hyponatremia responded well to various treatments. It is important to identify and institute appropriate treatment early for moderate or severe hyponatremia or hypernatremia in children with BM. This study was limited by its non-randomized nature.

To evaluate the accuracy of the smartwatch in estimating carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV). A cohort of gender-matched volunteers aged 18–80 years were recruited. At the sitting and supine positions, cfPWV was measured alternately by smartwatch and CompliorAnalyse, for each participant, and nine sets of data were collected from each participant with a 60 s interval between measurements. The accuracy of cfPWV measurement for smartwatches was assessed using mean error (ME) and mean absolute error (MAE), while the consistency of the two methods was assessed using the Bland-Altman analysis and concordance class correlation. A total of 347 participants were enrolled. The mean cfPWV was 9.01 ± 2.29 m/s measured by CompliorAnalyse and 9.06 ± 1.94 m/s by smartwatch. The consistency correlation coefficient (CCC) was 0.9045 (95% CI 0.8853–0.9206), the ME was 0.046 ± 0.92, and the MAE was 0.66 (95% CI 0.59–0.73). Bland-Altman analysis showed that the error of 95% samples was in the range between −1.77 m/s and 1.86 m/s. The Kappa value of cfPWV greater than 10 m/s was 0.79, the area under the ROC curve was 0.97 (P < 0.001), sensitivity was 0.90, specificity was 0.93, positive predictive value was 0.83 and negative predictive value was 0.96. Smartwatch can accurately estimate cfPWV to evaluate arterial stiffness. This method is simple and feasible and is suitable for people to actively and early monitor vascular elasticity.

Cren7 and Sis7d, two chromatin proteins from Sulfolobus islandicus, undergo extensive methylations at multiple lysine residues to various extents. Whether this highly conserved protein serves an epigenetic role in the regulation of the structure and function of the chromosome remains unclear. In the present study, we show that methylation significantly affects Cren7, but not Sis7d, in the ability to bind DNA and to constrain negative DNA supercoils. Strikingly, methylated Cren7 was significantly less efficient in forming oligomers or mediating intermolecular DNA bridging. Single-site substitution mutation with glutamine reveals that methylation of the four lysine residues (K24, K31, K42, and K48) of Cren7 at the protein-DNA interface, which are variably conserved among Cren7 homologues from different branches of the Crenarchaeota, influenced Cren7-DNA interactions in different manners. We suggest that dynamic methylation of Cren7 may represent a potential epigenetic mechanism involved in the chromosomal regulation in crenarchaea.

BackgroundThis study aimed to observe the application and evaluate the feasibility and safety of indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence technology in laparoscopic radical gastrectomy (LRG).MethodsPatients who underwent LRG & D2 lymphadenectomy at Qilu Hospital of Shandong University were included between January 2018 and August 2019. According to whether endoscopic injection of ICG was performed, patients were assigned to the ICG group (n=107) and the control group (n=88). The clinicopathologic features, retrieved lymph nodes, postoperative recovery, and follow-up data were compared between the two groups.ResultsBaseline characteristics are comparable. The ICG group had a significantly larger number of lymph nodes retrieved (49.55 ± 12.72 vs. 44.44 ± 10.20, P0.05) or DFS (86.0% vs. 80.7%, P>0.05).ConclusionsICG fluorescence technology in laparoscopic radical gastrectomy has advantages in LN dissection, operation time, and intraoperative blood loss. The 2-year OS and 2-year DFS rates between the two groups were comparable. In conclusion, ICG fluorescence technology is feasible and safe.

The treatment of chronic stable heart failure (CSHF) with integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine has been of wide concern. We mainly discuss the clinical efficacy of TCM decoction combined with acupuncture and moxibustion (A&M) in CSHF treatment on the basis of syndrome differentiation and treatment (SDT). The control group was given conventional cardiac rehabilitation (CCR), and the treatment group was given TCM decoction combined with A&M treatment based on SDT on the basis of conventional cardiac rehabilitation. The clinical efficacy and cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) indicators were evaluated. Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), NT-proBNP, myocardial ischemia threshold (MIT), and 6-minute walking distance (6MWD) were measured by ultrasound, ELISA, electrocardiogram, and 6MWD test. After treatment, the clinical efficacy, LVEF, and 6MWD of the treatment group were better than in the control group. The NT-proBNP plasma level and MIT in the treatment group were lower than in the control group. The treatment group had enhanced AT, VO2 Peak, VO2 Peak/HR, and Peak power and decreased resting systolic pressure and peak systolic pressure, and the difference was statistically significant. Dialectical comprehensive treatment of TCM could effectively improve cardiac function and clinical treatment effect, which was worthy of clinical application.

This paper develops a model that allows for heterogenous contemporaneous peer effects among different types of agents who are endogenously selected into different peer groups. Using our framework, we characterize the reduced-form coefficient in the peer effect literature and show that it is a priori ambiguous in sign. We apply our approach to migrant and local students in Shanghai, where local students all go to public schools, but migrant students are endogenously selected into either public schools or lower-quality private schools. The results suggest large contemporaneous peer effects among all student groups. We conduct policy experiments to examine the effect of transferring migrant students from private schools to public schools. We show that peer effect can be substantially more important than the school effect in accounting for the total treatment effect of moving to better schools.

Additional file 1: Supplementary Figure S1. The identified aberrantly methylated genes for each sample. Supplementary Figure S2. The boxplot of gene mutation frequency and gene methylation aberration frequency. Supplementary Figure S3. Sample-specific methylation aberration driver modules characterize personalized features and also reveal common network patterns for breast cancer samples. Supplementary Figure S4. The number of mutation genes and aberrantly methylated genes of each breast cancer sample among different subtypes. Supplementary Table S1. Pairwise comparisons for numbers of driven edges in ssMutat-DM, ssMethy-DM and co-driver modules respectively between subtypes. Supplementary Table S2. Pairwise comparisons for number of mutation genes, aberrantly methylated genes, hypermethylation genes and hypomethylation genes respectively between subtypes.

Additional file 1: Figure S1. Sequence alignment of whole chloroplastgenomes using the Shuffle LAGAN alignment algorithm in mVISTA. Trapa quadrispinosa waschosen to be the reference genome. The vertical scale indicates the percentidentity, ranging from 50 to 100%. Figure S2. Number of long repetitive repeats onthe complete chloroplast genome sequence of 15 Trapa species. (a) frequency of the repeats more than 30 bp, (b) frequencyof repeat types. chLJ, Trapa bispinosa;xlSJ, Trapa quadrispinosa; chQJ, Trapa japonica; chSL, Trapa mammillifera; bdZE, Trapa natans var. baidangensis; hkDB, Trapamacropoda var. bispinosa; tyE, Trapa potaninii; nqG, Trapa litwinowii; fGJ, Trapa arcuata; xkGL, Trapa pseudoincisa; qqDB, Trapa manshurica; jxKF, Trapa kozhevnikovirum; wyXBLY, Trapa sibirica; SJKY, Trapa incisa; XGY, Trapa maximowiczii. Figure S3. The comparison of simple sequencerepeats (SSRs) distribution in 15 chloroplast genomes. (a) frequency of commonmotifs; (b) number of different SSR types. chLJ, Trapa bispinosa; xlSJ, Trapaquadrispinosa; chQJ, Trapa japonica;chSL, Trapa mammillifera; bdZE, Trapa natans var. baidangensis; hkDB, Trapamacropoda var. bispinosa; tyE, Trapa potaninii; nqG, Trapa litwinowii; fGJ, Trapa arcuata; xkGL, Trapa pseudoincisa; qqDB, Trapa manshurica; jxKF, Trapa kozhevnikovirum; wyXBLY, Trapa sibirica; SJKY, Trapa incisa; XGY, Trapa maximowiczii.

Additional file 1: Figure S1. WGS results in HepG2. Figure S2. Representative Sanger sequencing results of gRNA-expression vectors and their targeting sites in HepG2 and Hep3B. Figure S3. The "i-CRISPR" strategy could induce DSBs and cell death in HepG2 cells. Figure S4. Targeted induction of DSB resulted in apoptosis in cancer cells carrying specific mutations. Figure S5. WGS results in DU145. Figure S6. The "i-CRISPR" strategy could suppress DU145 cell viability. Figure S7. The "i-CRISPR" strategy could induce cell death in DU145 cancer cells but not normal 293 T cells. Figure S8. CRISPR targeting new targets could overcome the possible drug resistance problems of our strategy. Figure S9. The "i-CRISPR" strategy could only specifically suppress HCC organoid with the designed mutations. Figure S10. The "i-CRISPR" strategy could not significantly affect the weight, blood routine and other biochemical indicators of PCa PDX mice. Figure S11. Sequences of off-target sites identified by GUIDE-seq for the mixture of Cas9 and 3 gRNAs targeting mutated sites and treated DU145 cells. Figure S12. Quantitative phos-phoproteomics analysis elucidate the molecular mechanism of the "i-CRISPR" strategy in HepG2 cells. Figure S13. Differentially phosphorylated proteins analysis after the "i-CRISPR" strategy treatment. Figure S14. Enrichment of GO terms for differentially phosphorylated proteins among the 3 groups. Figure S15. Activation of autophagy may play critical role in the molecular mechanism for the increased cell death of our strategy-part 1. Figure S16. Activation of autophagy may play critical role in the molecular mechanism for the increased cell death of our strategy-part 2. Figure S17. DNA methylation analysis in control and treated DU145 cells. Figure S18. DNA methylation analysis in control and treated HepG2 cells. Figure S19. Joint analysis of the DNA methylation data in DU145 and HepG2 cells. Figure S20. Gene body region methylation of representative DMR located 312 genes in DU145 and HepG2 cells. Figure S21. Whole-genome sequencing results of DU145 and the 3 DU145 derived single cells (A6, B12, B13) cultured in our laboratory. Supplementary materials and methods.

BackgroundAlthough comorbidity of major depressive disorder (MDD) and chronic pain (CP) has been well-studied, their association with pain catastrophizing is largely elusive. This study aimed to investigate the potential effects of pain catastrophizing in patients with a comorbidity.MethodsIn total, 140 participants were included in this study and divided into three groups according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders and the International Association for the study of pain (i.e., the comorbidity group: patients with depression with chronic pain, n = 45; depression group: patients with depression without chronic pain, n = 47; and healthy controls: n = 48). The Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD)-24 and Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAMA)-14 were used by professional psychiatrists to evaluate the severity of depression and anxiety. Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) were conducted by patients' self-report to assess the symptom severity. The pain intensity numerical rating scale (PI-NRS) was used to assess the pain intensity. Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS) and Pain Anxiety Symptoms Scale (PASS) were used to estimate pain-related negative thinking.ResultsThe results showed that PASS and PCS scores were significantly different among the three groups. Particularly, the scores in the comorbidity group were the highest. The Pearson correlation analysis revealed a positive correlation between PCS (including the patients' helplessness, magnification, rumination, and total scores) and the severity of depression symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and pain intensity (P < 0.05). A stepwise regression analysis further demonstrated that the total PCS score, high monthly income level, and BDI score had positive impacts on PASS (P < 0.05). We also found that the total BDI score, disease course ≥1 year, and pain intensity had positive effects on PCS (P < 0.05), whereas years of education (≤ 12 years) had a negative effect on PCS (P = 0.012). In all, we have clearly demonstrated that PCS and PASS could serve as potentially predictive factors in patients suffering from comorbidity of MDD and CP.ConclusionOur results suggested that the pain-related catastrophic thinking and anxiety were more severe in the comorbidity group than in MDD-only group and healthy group. Pain-related catastrophizing thoughts and anxiety may have potentially effects on the comorbidity of depression and chronic pain.

Amyloid fibrils are important scaffold in bacterial biofilms. Streptococcus mutans is an established cariogenic bacteria dwelling within biofilms, and C123 segment of P1 protein is known to form amyloid fibrils in S. mutans biofilms, among which C3 segment could serve as a promising anti-amyloid target due to its critical role in C123-P1 interactions. Recently, small molecules have been found to successfully inhibit biofilms by targeting amyloid fibrils. Thus, our study aimed to screen small molecules targeting C3 segment with the capacity to influence amyloid fibrils and S. mutans biofilms. In silico screening was utilized to discover promising small molecules, which were evaluated for their effects on bacterial cells and amyloid fibrils. We selected 99 small molecules and enrolled 55 small molecules named D1–D55 for crystal violet staining. Notably, D25 selectively inhibit S. mutans biofilms but had no significant influence on biofilms formed by Streptococcus gordonii and Streptococcus sanguinis, and D25 showed no bactericidal effects and low cytotoxicity. In addition, amyloid fibrils in free-floating bacteria, biofilms and purified C123 were quantified with ThT assays, and the differences were not statistically significant in the presence or absence of D25. Morphological changes of amyloid fibrils were visualized with TEM images, where amorphous aggregates were obvious coupled with long and atypical amyloid fibrils. Moreover, amyloid-related genes were upregulated in response to D25. In conclusion, D25 is a promising antimicrobial agent with the capacity to influence amyloid fibrils and inhibit S. mutans biofilms.

The combination of the internet with the medical industry has formed the internet medical service model, which in China has brought significant social changes. The internet medical service model has helped China improve the uneven distribution of medical resources, the large number of patients with chronic diseases, and the high levels of pressure on medical workers. Since the outbreak of COVID-19, the advantages of telemedicine have become even clearer, and the governments of various countries, including China, have launched relevant laws and policies to promote the development of internet medical enterprises. In China, internet-related medical enterprises continue to grow and promote the development of the industry. Ali-Health is a representative enterprise that entered this field a long time ago. It is a well-known company, with a good reputation and extensive business, which has achieved a considerable market share to date. Taking Ali-Health as a pedagogical case study can help students majoring in management to understand this industry better and apply relevant knowledge and concepts of strategic management to this company. This dissertation proposes the use of tools and models such as the VRIO Model, PESTEL Analysis, the Five Forces Model and SWOT analysis for the analysis analysis of the internal context (its resources and capabilities) and external environment (both macro and industry level) of Ali- Health. Future potential development directions for the company are summarized and may also provide practical suggestions for practitioners and enterprises in similar areas. A combinação da Internet e da indústria médica formou o modelo de serviço médico através da Internet (telemedicina), que na China trouxe mudanças sociais significativas. O modelo de serviço médico através da Internet ajudou a China a reduzir a desigualdade na distribuição de recursos médicos, a gerir o grande número de pacientes com doenças crónicas e a reduzir os elevados níveis de pressão sentidos pelos profissionais de saúde. Com a pandemia da COVID- 19, as vantagens da telemedicina tornaram-se ainda mais claras, e os governos de vários países, incluindo a China, lançaram leis e políticas relevantes para promover o desenvolvimento de empresas médicas na Internet. Na China empresas ligadas à telemedicina continuaram a crescer e a promover o desenvolvimento da indústria. A Ali-Health é uma dessas empresas e que já há muitos anos entrou nesta área. Trata-se de uma empresa muito conhecida e um amplo negócio, a qual já conquistou uma quota de mercado considerável. Enquanto caso de estudo, a Ali-Health pode ajudar estudantes da área da gestão a compreender melhor esta indústria e a aplicar conhecimentos e conceitos de gestão estratégica relevantes à indústria e à Ali Health em particular. Esta dissertação usa ferramentas e modelos de análise estratégica, como o modelo VRIO, análise PESTEL, modelo das cinco forças e análise SWOT para realizar uma avaliação do contexto interno (recursos e capacidades) e ambiente externo (geral e indústria) da Ali- Health. São apresentadas possíveis alternativas de desenvolvimento futuro da Ali-Health, as quais poderão ser úteis ou servir de exemplo a profissionais e empresas em áreas semelhantes.

Stroke-associated pneumonia (SAP) is a spectrum of pulmonary infections in patients within 7 days of stroke. Which is one of the most common complications after stroke and is significantly associated with a poor prognosis of stroke. To the best of our knowledge, a bibliometric method was not previously used to analyze the topic of SAP; we aim to describe the situation and evolution of SAP from 2003 to 2020, and to discuss the research hotspots and frontiers. A total of 151 articles were retrieved from the Scopus database. Bibliometric analysis was used to explore the dynamic trends of articles and the top subject areas, journals, institutes, citations, and co-keywords. VOS viewer software (version 1.6.15) was used to graphically map the hot topics of SAP based on the co-keywords. A total of 151 articles were identified. Articles have increased over the recent years and faster in the last 2 years (55 articles, 36.4%), the majority of subject areas are medicine (124 articles, 82.1%) and neuroscience (38 articles, 25.2%). The “Journal Of Stroke And Cerebrovascular Diseases” with 15 articles has been scored as the first rank followed by “Plos One.” Regarding the geographical distribution of articles, China is the most productive country with 50 articles (33.1%), others are more prominent in Europe, and most institutes are universities. Citations have increased over time, the main country of the top five highly cited published articles are Germany and before 2008. The co-keywords are mainly divided into four aspects: risk factors, predictive scores, preventions, and outcomes. This study could provide practical sources for researchers to find the top subject areas, journals, institutes, citations, and co-keywords. Moreover, the study could pave the way for researchers to be engaged in studies potentially lead to more articles in this field.

Surface properties of carrier are critical for microorganism initial adhesion and biofilm formation in wastewater treatment. Until now, there are few reports on adhesion behaviors between bacteria and inorganic fiber surface. In this study, inorganic basalt fiber (BF) was modified with cationic polyacrylamide (CPAM) to make surface more hydrophilic and positively charged. The initial adhesion behaviors of BF modified with CPAM (CMBF) were interpreted by thermodynamics and extended Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek (DLVO) theory. According to the total interaction energy calculated by the extended DLVO theory, insurmountable energy barrier between BF and Escherichia coli (E. coli) made irreversible adhesion unachievable due to hydrophobicity and electronegativity of BF, but allowed reversible adhesion at second minimum. By contrast, the energy barrier between CMBF and E. coli could be overcome allowing irreversible bacterial adhesion and thus a huge amount of biomass because of hydrophilicity and electropositivity of CMBF. The results showed the total interaction energies were dominated by Lewis acid-base and electrostatic interactions and coating BF with CPAM could promote initial bacterial adhesion on carrier surface. Overall, the extended DLVO theory provides a comprehensive tool to interpret initial adhesion behaviors between bacteria and inorganic fibers.