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In order to improve video delivery, an Enhanced Explicit Port Forwarding (EEPF) solution is proposed. Data are divided into ordinary packets and video packets using a packet identification mechanism. Traditional mechanisms transmit packets through routing table lookup. As the size of the routing table often becomes excessively large, this lookup can be time-consuming. While the EEPF solution directly includes the transmission path in the video packet, which can reduce the transmission time. And by setting header flags/fields in video packets, the transmission can be further optimized. For example, to reduce the amount of duplicate data to be transmitted for broadcast packets are not replicated until they arrive at the destination switch; to avoid packet loss caused by disconnection, the transmission path can be monitored and rerouting can be initiated immediately in the event of disconnection; to increase the chance of successful delivery, packets can be replicated before they are transmitted via a path with high packet loss risk; and to prevent video packets from being discarded, the switch queue status can be monitored and managed. The testing results have shown that the EEPF solution can effectively shorten the time of video packet transmission and improve the quality of transmitted video. &nbsp

Supplementary Material 2

Supplementary Material 1

In this paper, we introduce a new concept of incorporating factorized flow maps as mid-level representations, for bridging the perception and the control modules in modular learning based robotic frameworks. To investigate the advantages of factorized flow maps and examine their interplay with the other types of mid-level representations, we further develop a configurable framework, along with four different environments that contain both static and dynamic objects, for analyzing the impacts of factorized optical flow maps on the performance of deep reinforcement learning agents. Based on this framework, we report our experimental results on various scenarios, and offer a set of analyses to justify our hypothesis. Finally, we validate flow factorization in real world scenarios., Comment: Ting-Hsuan Liao, Hsu-Shen Liu, Li-Yuan Tsao, Tzu-Wen Wang, and Shan-Ya Yang contributed equally to this work, names listed in alphabetical order; This work has been submitted to the IEEE for possible publication. Copyright may be transferred without notice, after which this version may no longer be accessible

Despite progress in the treatment of diabetic macular edema and diabetic retinopathy, the rate of lower fundus examination due to limitations of medical resources delays the diagnosis and treatment of diabetic retinopathy. Therefore, implementation of automated diabetic retinopathy screening program and the identification of more specific and sensitive biomarkers are important for facilitating the earlier detection of diabetic macular edema and diabetic retinopathy to decrease the prevalence of poor vision and blindness.

BackgroundVenoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) has been increasingly used in patients with refractory cardiogenic shock (CS) or out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. It is difficult to perform VA-ECMO weaning, which may cause circulatory failure and death. Levosimendan is an effective inotropic agent used to maintain cardiac output, has a long-lasting effect, and may have the potential benefit for VA-ECMO weaning. The study aimed to explore the relationship between the early use of levosimendan and the rate of VA-ECMO weaning failure in patients on VA-ECMO support for circulatory failure.MethodsAll patients who underwent VA-ECMO in our hospital for CS between January 2017 and December 2020 were recruited in this cohort study and divided into two groups: without and with levosimendan use. Levosimendan was used as an add-on to other inotropic agents as early as possible after VA-ECMO setting. The primary endpoint was VA-ECMO weaning success, which was defined as survival without events for 24 h after VA-ECMO withdrawl. The secondary outcomes were cardiovascular and all-cause mortality at the 30-day and 180-day follow-up periods post-VA-ECMO initialization.ResultsA total of 159 patients were recruited for our study; 113 patients were enrolled in the without levosimendan-use group and 46 patients were enrolled in the levosimendan-use group. In levosimendan-use group, the patients received levosimendan infusion within 24 h after VA-ECMO initialization. Similar hemodynamic parameters were noted between the two groups. Poorer left ventricular ejection fraction and a higher prevalence of intra-aortic balloon pumping were observed in the levosimendan group. An improved weaning rate (without vs. with: 48.7 vs. 82.6%; p < 0.001), lower in-hospital mortality rate (without vs. with: 68.1 vs. 43.5%; p = 0.007), and 180-day cardiovascular mortality (without vs. with: 75.3 vs. 43.2%; p < 0.001) were also noted. Patients administered with levosimendan also presented a lower rate of 30-day (without vs. with: 75.3 vs. 41.3%; p = 0.034) and 180-day (without vs. with: 77.0 vs. 43.2%; p < 0.001) all-cause mortality.ConclusionEarly levosimendan administration may contribute to increasing the success rate of VA-ECMO weaning and may help to decrease CV and all-cause mortality.

Neuropathic pain is a serious clinical problem that is difficult to treat. Purinoceptors (P2Rs) transduce pain perception from the peripheral to the central nervous system and play an important role in the transmission of neuropathic pain signals. We previously found that the crude extracts of Hericium erinaceus mycelium (HE-CE) inhibited P2R-mediated signaling in cells and reduced heat-induced pain in mice. The present study explored the effects of HE-CE on neuropathic pain. We used adenosine triphosphate (ATP) as a P2R agonist to generate Ca2+ signaling and neuronal damage in a cell line. We also established a neuropathic mouse model of L5 spinal nerve ligation (L5-SNL) to examine neuropathic pain and neuroinflammation. Neuropathic pain was recorded using the von Frey test. Neuroinflammation was evaluated based on immunohistofluorescence observation of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) levels in astrocytes, ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule1 (iba1) levels in microglia, and IL-6 levels in plasma. The results show that HE-CE and erinacine-S, but not erinacine-A, totally counteracted Ca2+ signaling and cytotoxic effects upon P2R stimulation by ATP in human osteosarcoma HOS cells and human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells, respectively. SNL induced a decrease in the withdrawal pressure of the ipsilateral hind paw, indicating neuropathic pain. It also raised the GFAP level in astrocytes, the iba1 level in microglia, and the IL-6 level in plasma, indicating neuroinflammation. HE-CE significantly counteracted the SNL-induced decrease in withdrawal pressure, illustrating that it could relieve neuropathic pain. It also reduced SNL-induced increases in astrocyte GFAP levels, microglial iba1 levels, and plasma IL-6 levels, suggesting that HE-CE reduces neuroinflammation. Erinacine-S relieved neuropathic pain better than HE-CE. The present study demonstrated that HE inhibits P2R and, thus, that it can relieve neuropathic pain and neuroinflammation.

Supplemental material, sj-pdf-3-aor-10.1177_00034894221089407 for Extreme Sawtooth-Sign in Motor Neuron Disease (MND) suggests Laryngeal Resistance to Forced Expiratory Airflow by Deanna Britton, Alexander Kain, Yu-Wen Chen, Jack Wiedrick, Joshua O. Benditt, Albert L. Merati and Donna Graville in Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology

Supplemental material, sj-pdf-2-aor-10.1177_00034894221089407 for Extreme Sawtooth-Sign in Motor Neuron Disease (MND) suggests Laryngeal Resistance to Forced Expiratory Airflow by Deanna Britton, Alexander Kain, Yu-Wen Chen, Jack Wiedrick, Joshua O. Benditt, Albert L. Merati and Donna Graville in Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology

Supplemental material, sj-pdf-1-aor-10.1177_00034894221089407 for Extreme Sawtooth-Sign in Motor Neuron Disease (MND) suggests Laryngeal Resistance to Forced Expiratory Airflow by Deanna Britton, Alexander Kain, Yu-Wen Chen, Jack Wiedrick, Joshua O. Benditt, Albert L. Merati and Donna Graville in Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology

Additional file1: Supplementary Table 1. Thedifference in basic information between the training and test datasets in MIMIC III and MIMIC IV. Supplementary Table 2. Themodel performance for prediction of in-hospital mortality in the test datasetin MIMIC III and MIMIC IV

Supplemental material, sj-pdf-3-aor-10.1177_00034894221089407 for Extreme Sawtooth-Sign in Motor Neuron Disease (MND) suggests Laryngeal Resistance to Forced Expiratory Airflow by Deanna Britton, Alexander Kain, Yu-Wen Chen, Jack Wiedrick, Joshua O. Benditt, Albert L. Merati and Donna Graville in Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology

Supplemental material, sj-pdf-2-aor-10.1177_00034894221089407 for Extreme Sawtooth-Sign in Motor Neuron Disease (MND) suggests Laryngeal Resistance to Forced Expiratory Airflow by Deanna Britton, Alexander Kain, Yu-Wen Chen, Jack Wiedrick, Joshua O. Benditt, Albert L. Merati and Donna Graville in Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology

Although deep learning algorithms are widely used for improving speech enhancement (SE) performance, the performance remains limited under highly challenging conditions, such as unseen noise or noise signals having low signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs). This study provides a pilot investigation on a novel multimodal audio-articulatory-movement SE (AAMSE) model to enhance SE performance under such challenging conditions. Articulatory movement features and acoustic signals were used as inputs to waveform-mapping-based and spectral-mapping-based SE systems with three fusion strategies. In addition, an ablation study was conducted to evaluate SE performance using a limited number of articulatory movement sensors. Experimental results confirm that, by combining the modalities, the AAMSE model notably improves the SE performance in terms of speech quality and intelligibility, as compared to conventional audio-only SE baselines.

Book review. Reviewed work: Democracy in China: The Coming Crisis / Jiwei Ci. - Cambridge, MA : Harvard University Press, 2019. 420 pp, ISBN: 978-0674238183. Non

This paper describes the AS-NU systems for two tracks in MultiSpeaker Multi-Style Voice Cloning Challenge (M2VoC). The first track focuses on using a small number of 100 target utterances for voice cloning, while the second track focuses on using only 5 target utterances for voice cloning. Due to the serious lack of data in the second track, we selected the speaker most similar to the target speaker from the training data of the TTS system, and used the speaker's utterances and the given 5 target utterances to fine-tune our model. The evaluation results show that our systems on the two tracks perform similarly in terms of quality, but there is still a clear gap between the similarity score of the second track and the similarity score of the first track.

Anion exchange resins are widely used in template synthesis of oxide composites. The present work is aimed to study the thermal destruction of anion exchangers with divinyl-benzene and polyacrylate matrices in order to obtain hollow spherical MoO3/TiO2–SiO2 composites from these resins preliminarily saturated with paramolybate ion and coated with tetrabutoxytitanium sol with tetroethoxysilane. It is shown that the processes of resins decomposition affect the strength of spherical composites. Decomposition of the resin with a polyacrylate matrix, accompanied by random nucleation and burnout of the organic matrix at 350C, leads to the formation of spherical oxide composites with cracks on the surface. The decomposition reactions of the resin with a divinylbenzene matrix occurring at the boundaries of the phases of cylindrical and spherical symmetry, as well as a lower burnout temperature of the organic matrix (290C), contribute to the formation of dense MoO3/TiO2–SiO2 spheres. Hollow spherical composites 0.3–0.5 mm in size are orthorhombic α-MoO3 coated with a mixture of titanium dioxide with anatase structure and amorphous silicon dioxide

Tropospheric ozone (O3) is a greenhouse gas which can absorb heat and make the weather even hotter during extreme heatwaves. Besides, it is an influential ground-level air pollutant which can severely damage the environment. Thus evaluating the importance of various factors related to the O3 formation process is essential. However, O3 simulated by the available climate models exhibits large variance in different places, indicating the insufficiency of models in explaining the O3 formation process correctly. In this paper, we aim to identify and understand the impact of various factors on O3 formation and predict the O3 concentrations under different pollution-reduced and climate change scenarios. We employ six supervised methods to estimate the observed O3 using fourteen meteorological and chemical variables. We find that the deep neural network (DNN) and long short-term memory (LSTM) based models can predict O3 concentrations accurately. We also demonstrate the importance of several variables in this prediction task. The results suggest that while Nitrogen Oxides negatively contributes to predicting O3, solar radiation makes a significantly positive contribution. Furthermore, we apply our two best models on O3 prediction under different global warming and pollution reduction scenarios to improve the policy-making decisions in the O3 reduction., Comment: 8 pages, 4 figures and 3 tables

A series of multifunctional silver-doped titanium dioxide (Ag/TiO₂) nanocomposites with various silver contents were synthesized by the peroxo sol-gel method using TiCl4 as a precursor and H₂O₂ as a peptizing agent. The sol was used to coat a glass substrate, thereby forming a thin film. The antiviral and antibacterial activities of the Ag/TiO₂ films and their use in the photocatalytic degradation of an aqueous solution of methylene blue were investigated. The as-prepared materials were characterized using high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The antiviral and antibacterial activities of the samples were tested against Escherichia coli, the influenza A virus (H1N1), and enterovirus. It was observed that an optimum Ag:TiO₂ weight ratio of 1:100 enabled the highest activity in the photocatalytic degradation of an aqueous solution of methylene blue under irradiation with either ultraviolet or visible light. Moreover, the same composition remarkably exhibited extremely high antibacterial and virucidal effectivenesses greater than 99.99% against E. coli and infectious viruses after illumination with ultraviolet A. The presence of silver on TiO₂ significantly enhanced its photocatalytic activity. Thus, the excellent photocatalytic activities and reusability of the Ag/TiO₂ nanocomposite render it applicable as a coating material for several purposes.

This thesis is not available on this repository until the author agrees to make it public. If you are the author of this thesis and would like to make your work openly available, please contact us: thesis@repository.cam.ac.uk., The Library can supply a digital copy for private research purposes; interested parties should submit the request form here: http://www.lib.cam.ac.uk/collections/departments/digital-content-unit/ordering-images, Please note that print copies of theses may be available for consultation in the Cambridge University Library's Manuscript reading room. Admission details are at http://www.lib.cam.ac.uk/collections/departments/manuscripts-university-archives

The liberal international order has been under heavy strain in recent years. From Brexit to Trump’s presidency, its tenacity is being put to the test. The resultant commotion should be a window of opportunity for China to materially revise the existing order or establish an alternative order under its leadership. However, the puzzle that is unfolding but not yet significantly examined is that China is seemingly not taking advantage of the upheaval in the liberal international order to substantially revise the order or set up a new one. Premised on the metaphor of “following the flow,” this paper argues that there is understandable rationale as to why China is appearing to ignore the opportunity to establish a China-led global order. It then explores the approach in China’s posture as protector of globalization and the liberal international order.

The increase of Sino-African interactions in trade, aid and investments has attracted Chinese tourists to Africa. The Beijing Action Plan of the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation (FOCAC) outlines China’s cultural diplomacy in Africa, delineating a number of areas of cultural cooperation: education; press, publishing and media; and tourism and people-to-people exchange programs in academia and think tanks among young people, women and athletes. Though scholars of International relations (IR) have detected that tourism is one way of manifesting soft power, they do not feel comfortable nor ready to place the promotion of tourism into standard IR discourse. This is in contrast to scholars of tourism studies who have recognized the political nature of China's outbound tourism, particularly to less-developed areas such as Africa. In this paper, we have argued that the Chinese government uses outbound tourism to perform its perceived relationship with African countries; that is, Beijing aspires to be seen as a benign rising power willing to help weaker countries develop and establish harmonious ties. It is hard to separate the economic and cultural functions of outbound tourism, each of which reinforces the other, although not without limits. We find that not all African countries’ national tourism policies are capable of, or willing to prioritize, attracting Chinese tourists. Moreover, we find that South Africa is most active in working with public relations companies in China to promote South Africa as a tourist destination., Journal of China and International Relations, Vol 4 No 1 (2016)

Book review. Reviewed book: Trine Brox and Ildikó Bellér-Hann: On the fringes of the harmonious society: Tibetans and Uyghurs in socialist China. Nordic Institute of Asian Studies, 2014. ISBN 9788776941420. Non

Chemopreventive non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) exhibit diverse pharmacological and biological activities mainly through their inhibitory effect on cyclooxygenase (COX). However, COX-independent mechanisms involving kinase inhibition have been proposed to explain certain therapeutic effects of NSAIDs. Here, we explored the potential relationship between chemopreventive NSAIDs and DNA damage responses induced by treatment with topoisomerase-targeting drugs. (1) Sodium salicylate, a non-COX-selective NSAID, was shown to reduce DNA damage-induced RPA and p53 phosphorylation. (2) The formation of enzyme cleavable complexes by topoisomerase-targeting drugs was not affected in the presence of sodium salicylate. (3) The attenuating effect of NSAIDs on the DNA damage responses is COX-2-independent, since COX-2-selective inhibitors failed to inhibit DNA damage-induced phosphorylation of replication protein A (RPA) and p53. (4) This COX-2-independent attenuating effect was mediated through interference of neither nuclear factor kappa B nor extracellular signal-regulated kinase pathways. (5) The activation of ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) kinase and DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK), two key signal transducers upstream of RPA and p53, was found to be significantly reduced with sodium salicylate treatment. (6) Most importantly, sodium salicylate and other NSAIDs directly inhibited kinase activity of ATM and DNA-PK. The extent of inhibition on the kinase activity also correlated with the degree of attenuation on the DNA damage responses. (7) Unexpectedly, sodium salicylate showed a p53-independent protection effect on topoisomerase-mediated cell killing. Together, our study provides evidence that NSAIDs exhibit a novel COX-independent modulating activity of NSAIDs on the DNA damage responses and it is through inhibition of phosphoinositide 3-kinase-like kinases.

Infection with Gram-negative bacteria has been recognized as an initiator of rheumatoid arthritis, which is characterized by chronic inflammation and infiltration of immune cells. Carbon monoxide (CO) exhibits anti-inflammatory properties. Here we have investigated the detailed mechanisms of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) expression induced by LPS and if CO inhibited LPS-induced leukocyte adhesion to synovial fibroblasts by suppressing VCAM-1 expression.Human rheumatoid arthritis synovial fibroblasts (RASFs) were incubated with LPS and/or the CO-releasing compound CORM-2. Effects of LPS on VCAM-1 levels were determined by analysing mRNA expression, promoter activity, protein expression, and immunohistochemical staining. The molecular mechanisms were investigated by determining the expression, activation, and binding activity of transcriptional factors using target signal antagonists.CORM-2 significantly inhibited inflammatory responses in LPS-treated RASFs by down-regulating the expression of adhesion molecule VCAM-1 and leukocyte infiltration. The down-regulation of LPS-induced VCAM-1 expression involved inhibition of the expression of phosphorylated-NF-κB p65 and AP-1 (p-c-Jun, c-Jun and c-Fos mRNA levels). These results were confirmed by chromatin immunoprecipitation assay to detect NF-κB and AP-1 DNA binding activity.LPS-mediated formation of the TLR4/MyD88/TRAF6/c-Src complex regulated NF-κB and MAPKs/AP-1 activation leading to VCAM-1 expression and leukocyte adhesion. CORM-2, which liberates CO to elicit direct biological activities, attenuated LPS-induced VCAM-1 expression by interfering with NF-κB and AP-1 activation, and significantly reduced LPS-induced immune cell infiltration of the synovium.

Using dictator games in experimental analysis, this lesson report demonstrates the process and results of a postgraduate class project in which university students were instructed to scientifically investigate and explore one of German society’s most hotly-contested issues: the level of discriminatory tendencies of non-Muslims towards Muslims. The results of this class project show little or no discriminatory tendencies toward Muslims. Instead, the university students under our investigation tended to act favorably, or at the very least, fairly toward Muslims. We expect that this lesson report can demonstrate how a postgraduate course can be conducted in an innovative way, empowering students to collect primary data and finishing a small scientific project during the span of a semester. Dieser Bericht stellt die Prozesse und Ergebnisse einer experimentellen Studie eines Postgraduierten-Kurses der Universität Greifswald dar. Wir zeigen, wie Studierende das Thema Migration innovativ untersuchen können, indem sie neben theoretischen Lerninhalten an experimentelle Methoden sowie die Primärforschung herangeführt werden. Anhand eines Diktatorspiels wurden die teilnehmenden Studenten angeleitet, ein in der Öffentlichkeit kontrovers debattiertes Thema wissenschaftlich zu untersuchen: Diskriminierende Tendenzen von Nicht-Muslimen gegenüber Muslimen. Die Ergebnisse dieser Studie lassen jedoch nicht auf diskriminierende Tendenzen der Studenten schließen. Stattdessen deuten sie darauf hin, dass sich die Studierenden zumindest fair gegenüber Muslimen verhalten., JSSE - Journal of Social Science Education, 2-2014 Social Sciences in Higher Education

Multi touch is a new-type technology of human computer interaction, it can provide multi user to operate on the same display. Hence, different type of interface design will cause manipulation problem. This study is going to create a 100 inch multi-touch display to observe the user's interactive behavior through the 6 cameras in public space area. In addition to the manipulation interface, a "Photo.DIG" interface is development to control photos in the depth.

La question, brûlante et multidimensionnelle, des migrations internationales de travail se pose à une multiplicité d’acteurs aux niveaux local, national, et transnational. Travailleurs mexicains aux États-Unis, Égyptiens en Arabie Saoudite ou Polonais en Allemagne, pour n’en citer que quelques-uns, chaque cas illustre la façon dont les mouvements migratoires de travailleurs entraînent une contestation des structures et valeurs sociales, politiques et culturelles de leur pays d’origine, comme ...

This study examines the aggregate change of the Democratic Progressive Party's (DPP) expansion between Taiwan's presidential elections from a spatial perspective. We find that the expansion of the DPP exhibited spatial clustering from 1996 to 2000. Its growth was clustered in southern Taiwan in this period, creating a considerable stronghold in the 2000 presidential election. From 2000 to 2004, however, the hot spots of DPP expansion shifted to central Taiwan and exhibited relatively dispersed patterns.To explain the spatial variation of the DPP's expansion, we incorporate independent variables of income, education, and ethnicity into regression models. The result of non-spatial regression analyses reveals that demographic characteristics played a role in the DPP's expansion. After inserting a spatial lag term into spatial regression models, however, we find that the impacts of some demographic variables have been overridden by the neighborhood effect. This implies that in addition to social cleavages, some campaign mobilization efforts or the socialization of one's network in the context of a broadly defined neighborhood could also have prompted the regional variation of the DPP's expansion. Further research is required to specify the mechanisms that formed the neighborhood effect.

Using dictator games in experimental analysis, this lesson report demonstrates the process and results of a postgraduate class project in which university students were instructed to scientifically investigate and explore one of German society’s most hotly-contested issues: the level of discriminatory tendencies of non-Muslims towards Muslims. The results of this class project show little or no discriminatory tendencies toward Muslims. Instead, the university students under our investigation tended to act favorably, or at the very least, fairly toward Muslims. We expect that this lesson report can demonstrate how a postgraduate course can be conducted in an innovative way, empowering students to collect primary data and finishing a small scientific project during the span of a semester. Dieser Bericht stellt die Prozesse und Ergebnisse einer experimentellen Studie eines Postgraduierten-Kurses der Universität Greifswald dar. Wir zeigen, wie Studierende das Thema Migration innovativ untersuchen können, indem sie neben theoretischen Lerninhalten an experimentelle Methoden sowie die Primärforschung herangeführt werden. Anhand eines Diktatorspiels wurden die teilnehmenden Studenten angeleitet, ein in der Öffentlichkeit kontrovers debattiertes Thema wissenschaftlich zu untersuchen: Diskriminierende Tendenzen von Nicht-Muslimen gegenüber Muslimen. Die Ergebnisse dieser Studie lassen jedoch nicht auf diskriminierende Tendenzen der Studenten schließen. Stattdessen deuten sie darauf hin, dass sich die Studierenden zumindest fair gegenüber Muslimen verhalten., JSSE - Journal of Social Science Education, 2-2014 Social Sciences in Higher Education

Using dictator games in experimental analysis, this lesson report demonstrates the process and results of a postgraduate class project in which university students were instructed to scientifically investigate and explore one of German society’s most hotly-contested issues: the level of discriminatory tendencies of non-Muslims towards Muslims. The results of this class project show little or no discriminatory tendencies toward Muslims. Instead, the university students under our investigation tended to act favorably, or at the very least, fairly toward Muslims. We expect that this lesson report can demonstrate how a postgraduate course can be conducted in an innovative way, empowering students to collect primary data and finishing a small scientific project during the span of a semester. Dieser Bericht stellt die Prozesse und Ergebnisse einer experimentellen Studie eines Postgraduierten-Kurses der Universität Greifswald dar. Wir zeigen, wie Studierende das Thema Migration innovativ untersuchen können, indem sie neben theoretischen Lerninhalten an experimentelle Methoden sowie die Primärforschung herangeführt werden. Anhand eines Diktatorspiels wurden die teilnehmenden Studenten angeleitet, ein in der Öffentlichkeit kontrovers debattiertes Thema wissenschaftlich zu untersuchen: Diskriminierende Tendenzen von Nicht-Muslimen gegenüber Muslimen. Die Ergebnisse dieser Studie lassen jedoch nicht auf diskriminierende Tendenzen der Studenten schließen. Stattdessen deuten sie darauf hin, dass sich die Studierenden zumindest fair gegenüber Muslimen verhalten., JSSE - Journal of Social Science Education, 2-2014 Social Sciences in Higher Education