Search

Background Medium and large animal models allow researchers to evaluate the efficacy and safety of cardiovascular procedures in systems that resemble human anatomy and can be used to simulate scenarios for training purposes. Although porcine models have been used extensively, many physiological and anatomical features remain unknown or only superficially described. Objectives To describe the normal porcine vascular anatomy on computed tomography scans, compare it to human vascular anatomy, and discuss the application of porcine models for open and endovascular procedures. Methods Three male Landrace pigs underwent computed tomography. The vascular anatomy of the neck, thorax, abdomen, and limbs was analyzed and described; relevant similarities and differences between porcine and human vascular anatomies and the implications for vascular procedures in pigs are highlighted. Results The carotid territory, aortic arch, and terminal aorta branches all show marked differences in pigs compared to their human counterparts. Compressions of both left renal and common iliac veins were detected, analogous to those seen in human Nutcracker and May-Thurner syndromes. Vascular measurements (diameters, lengths, and angles) of several different porcine territories are presented. Conclusions The data presented should be useful for planning preclinical trials and basic research and for refining surgical training using porcine models in vascular fields.

Made available in DSpace on 2021-07-14T10:23:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2021-01-20. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2021-07-14T11:29:15Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 S0102-86502020001200600.pdf: 1974058 bytes, checksum: 734c7711c6d9771dd83507cfa9016dae (MD5) Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júliode Mesquita Filho”, School of Medicine Centro Universitário do Estado do Pará, School of Medicine Centro Universitário do Estado do Pará, Grupo de Pesquisa Experimental Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Department of Surgery Centro Universitário do Estado do Pará, Department of Vascular Surgery Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júliode Mesquita Filho”, School of Medicine

Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto de Ciência e Tecnologia em Biomodelos. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil. A pesquisa experimental in vivo existe há séculos e trouxe muitos benefícios às espécies humana e não humanas, dentre eles a descoberta de vacinas, tratamentos e conhecimento sobre particularidades anatômicas das mais diversas espécies, porém, durante anos, os experimentos foram realizados sem a devida regulamentação. No Brasil, com a sanção da Lei Arouca (11.794/2008) BRASIL, 2008), foram estabelecidos critérios para "a criação e a utilização de animais em atividades de ensino e pesquisa científica em todo território nacional”. Assim, houve a necessidade de aprimorar aspectos do ensino e, consequentemente, das técnicas de criação e experimentação. Atualmente, prioriza-se a harmonização das práticas de ensino, teorias e protocolos experimentais a serem executados. Sendo a Ciência em Animais de Laboratório (CAL) um componente multidisciplinar e não diferente de tantos outros ávida pela aquisição de habilidades e competências, o objetivo desta pesquisa foi perceber o conhecimento de futuros docentes, pesquisadores e profissionais da saúde quanto a Ciência em Animais de Laboratório, uma vez que, este componente curricular não é oferecido de forma eletiva ou obrigatória em todo estado do Maranhão. Foram aplicados questionários em 249 estudantes de três Universidades do Maranhão dos cursos de biomedicina, ciências biológicas, farmácia, medicina e medicina veterinária. Os resultados revelaram que as carreiras foco desta pesquisa possuem formação frágil na área de Ciência em Animais de Laboratório (CAL) com pouco conhecimento sobre responsabilidade técnica em instalações animais de criação de animais de laboratório e pesquisa. Concluiu-se que a CAL necessita ser componente curricular obrigatório para Ciências Biológicas e Medicina Veterinária e eletiva para Biomedicina, Farmácia e Medicina a fim de melhor preparar os profissionais destes cursos para atuação em instituições de pesquisa e ensino que realizem experimentação animal In vivo experimental research has existed for centuries and has brought many benefits to human and non-human species. Among those benefits we can mention the discovery of vaccines, treatments and knowledge about anatomical features of the various species. However, for many years, experiments were performed without due regulation. In Brazil, with the approval of the Arouca Law (11794/2008), the breeding and use of animals in research, teaching and testing throughout the national territory, are now submitted to this Law . Consequently, there was a need to improve aspects and techniques of teaching , breeding and research. Currently, the harmonization of teaching practices and experimental protocols are prioritized. Laboratory Animal Science (LAS) is a multidisciplinary subject and like other areas is in the search of improvement in skills and competences. The aim of this research was to evaluate the degree of knowledge on Laboratory Animal Science of future teachers, researchers and health professionals in the state of Maranhão, Brazil, since, this discipline is not offered in normal curricula courses. Questionnaires were applied to 249 students from three Universities in Maranhão : students of biomedicine, biological sciences, pharmacy, medicine and veterinary. The results demonstrate that the careers which are the focus of this research show a fragile training in the area of Laboratory Animal Science (LAS) with little knowledge about technical responsibilities concerning breeding facilities and animal research. It was concluded that LAS needs to be a mandatory curriculum discipline for the courses of Biological Sciences and Veterinary and an elective course for Biomedicine, Pharmacy and Medicine in order to give these professionals enough knowledge to better work in research, teaching and testing when using experimental animals