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1. Burden of infectious disease studies in Europe and the United Kingdom: a review of methodological design choices

Author: Charalampous, P. (Periklis), Haagsma, J.A. (Juanita A.), Jakobsen, L.S. (Lea S.), Gorasso, V. (Vanessa), Noguer, I. (Isabel), Padrón-Monedero, A. (Alicia), Sarmiento, R. (Rodrigo), Santos, J.V. (Joao Vasco), McDonald, S.A. (Scott A.), Plass, D. (Dietrich), Wyper, G.M.A. (Grant M. A.), Assunçao, R. (Ricardo), von-der-Lippe, E. (Elena), Ádám, B. (Balázs), AlKerw, A. (Ala’a), Arabloo, J. (Jalal), Baltazar, A.L. (Ana Lúcia), Bikbov, B. (Boris), Borrell-Pages, M. (Maria), Brus, I. (Iris), Burazeri, G. (Genc), Chaintoutis, S.C. (Serafeim C.), Chen-Xu, J. (José), Chkhaberidze, N. (Nino), Cilovic-Lagarija, S. (Seila), Corso, B. (Barbara), Cuschieri, S. (Sarah), Di-Bari, C. (Carlotta), Dopelt, K. (Keren), Economou, M. (Mary), Emeto, T.I. (Theophilus I.), Fantke, P. (Peter), Fischer, F. (Florian), Freitas, A. (Alberto), García-González, J.M. (Juan Manuel), Gazzelloni, F. (Federica), Gissler, M. (Mika), Gkitakou, A. (Artemis), Gulmez, H. (Hakan), Gunes, S. (Sezgin), Haller, S. (Sebastian), Haneef, R. (Romana), Hincapie, C.A. (Cesar A.), Hynds, P. (Paul), Idavain, J. (Jane), Ilic, M. (Milena), Ilic, I. (Irena), Isola, G. (Gaetano), Kabir, Z. (Zubair), Kamusheva, M. (Maria), Kolkhir, P. (Pavel), Konar, N.M. (Naime Meriç), Kostoulas, P. (Polychronis), Kulimbet, M. (Mukhtar), La-Vecchia, C. (Carlo), Lauriola, P. (Paolo), Levi, M. (Miriam), Majer, M. (Marjeta), Mechili, E.A. (Enkeleint A.), Monasta, L. (Lorenzo), Mondello, S. (Stefania), Muñoz-Laguna, J. (Javier), Nena, E. (Evangelia), Ng, E.S.W. (Edmond S. W.), Nguewa, P.A. (Paul Alain), Niranjan, V. (Vikram), Nola, I.A. (Iskra Alexandra), O'Caoimh, R. (Rónán), Obradovic, M. (Marija), Pallari, E. (Elena), Peyroteo, M. (Mariana), Pinheiro, V. (Vera), Pranjic, N. (Nurka), Reina-Ortiz, M. (Miguel), Riva, S. (Silvia), Santoso, C.M.A. (Cornelia Melinda Adi), Milicevic, M.S. (Milena Santric), Schmitt, T. (Tugce), Speybroeck, N. (Niko), Sprügel, M. (Maximilian), Steiropoulos, P. (Paschalis), Stevanovic, A. (Aleksandar), Thygesen, L.C. (Lau Caspar), Tozija, F. (Fimka), Unim, B. (Brigid), Uysal, H.B. (Hilal Bektas), Varga, O. (Orsolya), Vasic, M. (Milena), Vieira, R.J. (Rafael José), Yigit, V. (Vahit), Devleesschauwer, B. (Brecht), and Pires, S.M. (Sara M.)
Subjects: Burden of disease, Methodology, Systematic review, Infectious diseases, Disability-adjusted life years
Abstract: This systematic literature review aimed to provide an overview of the characteristics and methods used in studies applying the disability-adjusted life years (DALY) concept for infectious diseases within European Union (EU)/European Economic Area (EEA)/European Free Trade Association (EFTA) countries and the United Kingdom. Electronic databases and grey literature were searched for articles reporting the assessment of DALY and its components. We considered studies in which researchers performed DALY calculations using primary epidemiological data input sources. We screened 3053 studies of which 2948 were excluded and 105 studies met our inclusion criteria. Of these studies, 22 were multi-country and 83 were single-country studies, of which 46 were from the Netherlands. Food- and water-borne diseases were the most frequently studied infectious diseases. Between 2015 and 2022, the number of burden of infectious disease studies was 1.6 times higher compared to that published between 2000 and 2014. Almost all studies (97%) estimated DALYs based on the incidence- and pathogen-based approach and without social weighting functions; however, there was less methodological consensus with regards to the disability weights and life tables that were applied. The number of burden of infectious disease studies undertaken across Europe has increased over time. Development and use of guidelines will promote performing burden of infectious disease studies and facilitate comparability of the results.
Published: 2023

2. The burden of injury in Central, Eastern, and Western European sub‑region: a systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Disease 2019 Study

Author: Haagsma, Juanita A., Charalampous, P., Ariani, F., Pardhan, Shahina, and et al
Abstract: \ud Background: Injury remains a major concern to public health in the European region. Previous iterations of the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study showed wide variation in injury death and disability adjusted life year (DALY) rates across Europe, indicating injury inequality gaps between sub-regions and countries. The objectives of this study were to: 1) compare GBD 2019 estimates on injury mortality and DALYs across European sub-regions and countries by cause-of-injury category and sex; 2) examine changes in injury DALY rates over a 20 year-period by cause-of-injury category, sub-region and country; and 3) assess inequalities in injury mortality and DALY rates across the countries.\ud Methods: We performed a secondary database descriptive study using the GBD 2019 results on injuries in 44 European countries from 2000 to 2019. Inequality in DALY rates between these countries was assessed by calculating the DALY rate ratio between the highest-ranking country and lowest-ranking country in each year.\ud Results: In 2019, in Eastern Europe 80 [95% uncertainty interval (UI): 71 to 89] people per 100,000 died from injuries; twice as high compared to Central Europe (38 injury deaths per 100,000; 95% UI 34 to 42) and three times as\ud high compared to Western Europe (27 injury deaths per 100,000; 95%UI 25 to 28). The injury DALY rates showed less pronounced differences between Eastern (5129 DALYs per 100,000; 95% UI: 4547 to 5864), Central (2940 DALYs per 100,000; 95% UI: 2452 to 3546) and Western Europe (1782 DALYs per 100,000; 95% UI: 1523 to 2115). Injury DALY rate was lowest in Italy (1489 DALYs per 100,000) and highest in Ukraine (5553 DALYs per 100,000). The difference in injury DALY rates by country was larger for males compared to females. The DALY rate ratio was highest in 2005, with DALY rate in the lowest-ranking country (Russian Federation) 6.0 times higher compared to the highest-ranking country (Malta). After 2005, the DALY rate ratio between the lowest- and the highest-ranking country gradually decreased to\ud 3.7 in 2019.\ud Conclusions: Injury mortality and DALY rates were highest in Eastern Europe and lowest in Western Europe, although differences in injury DALY rates declined rapidly, particularly in the past decade. The injury DALY rate ratio\ud of highest- and lowest-ranking country declined from 2005 onwards, indicating declining inequalities in injuries between European countries.
Published: 2022

3. Burden of non-communicable diseases in Cyprus, 1990-2017: findings from the Global Burden of Disease 2017 study

Author: Charalampous P, Pallari E, Tyrovolas S, Middleton N, Economou M, Devleesschauwer B, and Haagsma JA
Subjects: Cyprus, Burden of disease, Non-communicable diseases
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) accounted for over 90% of all deaths in the Cypriot population, in 2018. However, a detailed and comprehensive overview of the impact of NCDs on population health of Cyprus over the period of 1990 to 2017, expressed in disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), is currently not available. Knowledge about the drivers of changes in NCD DALYs over time is paramount to identify priorities for the prevention of NCDs in Cyprus and guide evidence-based decision making. The objectives of this paper were to: 1) assess the burden of NCDs in terms of years of life lost (YLLs), years lived with disability (YLDs), and DALYs in Cyprus in 2017, and 2) identify changes in the burden of NCDs in Cyprus over the 28-year period and assess the main drivers of these changes. METHODS: We performed a secondary database descriptive study using the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2017 results on NCDs for Cyprus from 1990 to 2017. We calculated the percentage change of age-standardized DALY rates between 1990 and 2017 and decomposed these time trends to assess the causes of death and disability that were the main drivers of change. RESULTS: In Cyprus in 2017, 83% (15,129 DALYs per 100,000; 12,809 to 17,707 95%UI) of total DALYs were due to NCDs. The major contributors to NCD DALYs were cardiovascular diseases (16.5%), neoplasms (16.3%), and musculoskeletal disorders (15.6%). Between 1990 and 2017, age-standardized NCD DALY rates decreased by 23%. For both males and females, the largest decreases in DALY rates were observed in ischemic heart disease and stroke. For Cypriot males, the largest increases in DALY rates were observed for pancreatic cancer, drug use disorders, and acne vulgaris, whereas for Cypriot females these were for acne vulgaris, psoriasis and eating disorders. CONCLUSION: Despite a decrease in the burden of NCDs over the period from 1990 to 2017, NCDs are still a major public health challenge. Implementation of interventions and early detection screening programmes of modifiable NCD risk factors are needed to reduce occurrence and exacerbation of leading causes of NCDs in the Cypriot population.
Published: 2021

4. Bias voltage effect on the mechanical properties, adhesion and milling performance of PVD films on cemented carbide inserts

Author: Skordaris, G., Bouzakis, K.-D., Charalampous, P., Kotsanis, T., Bouzakis, E., Bejjani, R., and Publica
Abstract: The potential of coated cutting inserts to withstand effectively cutting loads depends among others on the coating's mechanical properties and adhesion. These data are strongly affected by the applied PVD process parameters, even if the coatings comprise the same chemical composition. Hereupon, one significant parameter is the bias voltage during the film deposition. For detecting its effect on the occurring film mechanical properties, adhesion and wear behavior, PVD TiAlN coatings were deposited on cemented carbide inserts at diverse bias voltages. The properties of the manufactured coatings were determined via FEM-supported results evaluation of nanoindentations, perpendicular and inclined impact tests. Coatings produced at elevated bias voltage possess comparably increased mechanical properties and fatigue endurance. However, their adhesion deteriorates, thus reducing the coated inserts cutting performance especially when a good adhesion during a material removal process as in milling hardened steel is required. Relevant FEM calculations of this process were employed to explain the wear evolution on the flank and rake of the used coated tools considering their cutting edge geometry and their actual film's mechanical properties and adhesion dependent upon the applied bias voltage during the coating deposition.
Published: 2018

5. Bias voltage optimum adjustment considering coatings' strength and adhesion requirements when cutting various steels

Author: Skordaris, G., Bouzakis, K.-D., Kotsanis, T., Charalampous, P., Bouzakis, E., Bejjani, R., and Publica
Abstract: PVD coatings were deposited at various bias voltages on cemented carbide inserts. The coating's mechanical properties, fatigue and adhesion were determined via FEM-supported evaluation of nanoindentation, perpendicular and inclined impact test results. The coated inserts were applied in milling hardened and normalized steel. For explaining the wear evolution based on the cutting loads and stress fields developed in the coating and its substrate, FEM calculations were performed considering among others the filmsâ strength and adhesion. According to the workpiece properties, certain coating's parameters become prevailing for the tool life. These depend on the bias voltage and facilitate its optimum adjustment.
Published: 2018

6. Worsening epidemiological situation of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae in Europe, assessment by national experts from 37 countries, July 2018

Author: Brolund, A (Brolund, Alma) 1 Lagerqvist, N (Lagerqvist, Nina) 1, 2 Byfors, S (Byfors, Sara) 1 Struelens, MJ (Struelens, Marc J.) 3 Monnet, DL (Monnet, Dominique L.) 3 Albiger, B (Albiger, Barbara) 3 Kohlenberg, A (Kohlenberg, Anke) 3 Apfalter, P (Apfalter, Petra) Hartl, R (Hartl, Rainer) Glupczynski, Y (Glupczynski, Youri) Huang, DTD (Huang, Daniel Te-Din) Ivanov, I (Ivanov, Ivan) Sabtcheva, S (Sabtcheva, Stefana) Pristas, I (Pristas, Irina) Tambic Andrasevic, A (Tambic Andrasevic, Arjana) Maikanti-Charalampous, P (Maikanti-Charalampous, Panagiota) Hrabak, J (Hrabak, Jaroslav) Hammerum, AM (Hammerum, Anette M.) Sonksen, UW (Sonksen, Ute W.) Bilozor, A (Bilozor, Anastasia) Ivanova, M (Ivanova, Marina) Lyytikainen, O (Lyytikainen, Outi) Raisanen, K (Raisanen, Kati) Colomb-Colinat, M (Colomb-Colinat, Melanie) Dortet, L (Dortet, Laurent) Noll, I (Noll, Ines) Pfennigwerth, N (Pfennigwerth, Niels) Vatopoulos, A (Vatopoulos, Alkiviadis) Toth, A (Toth, Akos) Helgason, KO (Helgason, Kristjan Orri) Brennan, W (Brennan, Wendy) Burns, K (Burns, Karen) Monaco, M (Monaco, Monica) Pantosti, A (Pantosti, Annalisa) Savicka, O (Savicka, Oksana) Selderina, S (Selderina, Solvita) Mierauskaite, A (Mierauskaite, Aiste) Perrin, M (Perrin, Monique) Nestorova, N (Nestorova, Nina) Schouls, L (Schouls, Leo) van der Zwaluw, K (van der Zwaluw, Kim) Samuelsen, O (Samuelsen, Orjan) Literacka, E (Literacka, Elzbieta) Zabicka, D (Zabicka, Dorota) Canica, M (Canica, Manuela) Manageiro, V (Manageiro, Vera) Codita, I (Codita, Irina) Popescu, GA (Popescu, Gabriel Adrian) Niks, M (Niks, Milan) Zakova, A (Zakova, Andrea) Pirs, M (Pirs, Mateja) Subelj, M (Subelj, Maja) Campos, J (Campos, Jose) Oteo, J (Oteo, Jesus) Edquist, P (Edquist, Petra) Sjostrom, K (Sjostrom, Karin) Hopkins, K (Hopkins, Katie) Bego, A (Bego, Artan) Koraqi, A (Koraqi, Andi) Travar, M (Travar, Maja) Kurti, A (Kurti, Arsim) Raka, L (Raka, Lul) Lopicic, M (Lopicic, Milena) Vuksanovic, V (Vuksanovic, Vineta) Kaftandziewa, A (Kaftandziewa, Ana) Osmani, D (Osmani, Dugagjin) Cirkovic
Subjects: stomatognathic system, urogenital system, viruses, KLEBSIELLA-PNEUMONIAEHOSPITAL OUTBREAKRESISTANT, biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition
Abstract: A survey on the epidemiological situation, surveillance and containment activities for carbapenemas-eproducing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) was conducted in European countries in 2018. All 37 participating countries reported CPE cases. Since 2015, the epidemiological stage of CPE expansion has increased in 11 countries. Reference laboratory capability, dedicated surveillance and a specific national containment plan are in existence in 33, 27 and 14 countries, respectively. Enhanced control efforts are needed for CPE containment in Europe.
Published: 2018

7. Development of marine multi-algae cultures for biodiesel production

Author: Omirou, M. Tzovenis, I. Charalampous, P. Tsaousis, P. Polycarpou, P. Chantzistrountsiou, X. Economou-Amilli, A. Ioannides, I.M.
Abstract: The concept of community ecology has become a central issue for sustainable biofuel production. However the development of appropriate multi-algae cultures for the industry remains challenging. Natural marine algae blooms collected from coastal areas of Cyprus were induced to form multi-algae cultures, and five (5) of those were developed and tested. Algae growth characteristics, biomass, and lipid productivity were assessed, and the dominant microalga was isolated in all cultures. Growth characteristics, lipid productivity, and FAME composition varied considerably among the different multi-algae cultures as well as their corresponding dominant species. Our results suggest that competitiveness and species complementarity could be crucial factors for biomass and lipid productivity. In material collected from the marina in Larnaca of Cyprus, the induced BL1_LCA bloom was the most promising culture, dominated by Nannochloropsis sp. and accompanied by cyanobacteria assemblages, exhibiting the highest biomass and lipid productivity compared to the other developed blooms. Biomass and lipid productivity of an axenic monoculture of Nannochloropsis sp. were 2.1 and 2.2 times lower compared to those measured in BL1_LCA. The growth parameters of BL1_LCA and its corresponding dominant species were further tested under culture media of different seawater and wastewater ratios. An increase of wastewater ratio in the culture media resulted in a significant reduction of lipid, FAME concentration as well as biomass productivity both in BL1_LCA and its dominant isolate. Overall, our findings suggest that the complex interactions within microalgae community might be crucial for biodiesel production; moreover, the general assumption that wastewater can be applied as an alternative nutrient source should be used cautiously since species-specific responses seem to take place. © 2018 Elsevier B.V.
Published: 2018

8. Fatigue and adhesion characterization of DLC coatings on steel substrates by perpendicular and inclined impact tests

Author: Bouzakis, K.-D., Charalampous, P., Skordaris, G., Dimofte, F., Ene, N.M., Ehinger, R., Gardner, S., Modrzejewski, B.S., Fetty, J.R., and Publica
Abstract: During the Future Advanced Rotorcraft Drive System (FARDS) program, the Aviation Development Directorate (ADD), Aviation Applied Technology Directorate (AATD), Bell Helicopter Textron Inc., University of Toledo and the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki worked together to perform bearing coating tests. The mechanical properties of the DLC coating and its steel substrate were determined via nano-indentations and a FEM supported evaluation of the obtained results. The coating fatigue and adhesion were quantified by perpendicular and inclined impact tests respectively, coupled with appropriate finite element method (FEM) calculations. The inclined impact tests were conducted under lubricated conditions for avoiding abrasion caused by sliding friction on the coated surfaces. In this way, the coating fatigue failure during this test was mainly affected by the impact load, the material's properties and the film adhesion. The effects of these factors on the coating fatigue failure were described via an iterative FEM supported method. Using this method, the coating adhesion was estimated taking into account the exercised impact loads and the determined material properties.
Published: 2015

9. Effect of the interface fatigue strength of NCD coated hardmetal inserts on their cutting performance in milling

Author: Bouzakis, K.D., Skordaris, G., Bouzakis, E., Charalampous, P., Kotsanis, T., Tasoulas, D., Kombogiannis, S., Lemmer, O., and Publica
Abstract: The interface fatigue strength of coated tools with nano-crystalline diamond (NCD) coatings affects their milling performance. Depending on the developed cutting loads and temperatures, the repetitive impacts on the tool deteriorate progressively the coating-substrate interface strength, thus influencing the effective NCD film adhesion. Aiming at a comprehensive investigation of this effect, NCD coated cemented carbide inserts with improved or insufficient adhesion were manufactured. Hereupon, a parameter characterizing the coatings' interface adhesion strength, the shear failure stress (SFLS) was estimated by inclined impact tests and FEM calculations at ambient and elevated temperatures. This metric is significantly affected, among others, by the compressive residual stresses developed in the NCD film during cooling after its deposition and the coating operational temperature. A correlation between the determined SFLS at the investigated adhesion levels and the FEM calculated maximum shear stress in the coating interface during milling AA 7075T6 contributed to the explanation of the wear evolution on the employed NCD coated tools. Prime novelty statement The submitted paper aims at investigating the effect of the interface fatigue strength of NCD coated hardmetal inserts on their cutting performance in milling. The fatigue strength of the NCD coating-substrate interface is a dominant mechanical property for the NCD coated tool life. In the submitted work, NCD coated cemented carbide inserts with different adhesion qualities were manufactured. The interface fatigue strength at temperatures up to 400 °C was quantified using a critical shear failure stress (SFLS). This was attained by conducting appropriate FEM supported evaluation of the inclined impact test results at ambient and elevated temperatures. A correlation between the determined SFLS at various adhesion levels and the FEM calculated maximum shear stress in the film interface during milling AA 7075T6 contributed to the explanation of the wear evolution on the employed NCD coated tools. This is a new and original contribution to the field of testing NCD coatings and their effective application in cutting. The submitted paper is not being considered for publication elsewhere.
Published: 2015

10. Brittleness and fatigue effect of mono- and multi-layer PVD films on the cutting performance of coated cemented carbide inserts

Author: Skordaris, G., Bouzakis, K.D., Charalampous, P., Bouzakis, E., Paraskevopoulou, R., Lemmer, O., Bolz, S., and Publica
Abstract: The effect of brittleness and fatigue of mono- and multi-layer PVD films on coated tools cutting performance is introduced. Cemented carbide inserts were coated to the same overall film thickness with various numbers of layers. Nanoindentations were conducted to evaluate the hardness of the diverse coating structures. The film brittleness and fatigue were characterized by nano- and macro-impact tests respectively. The coated inserts' wear behaviour was investigated in milling hardened steel. The attained results revealed the coatings' brittleness and fatigue endurance enhancement by increasing the number of film's layers. This increase leads simultaneously to the coated tool life improvement.
Published: 2014

11. Fatigue strength of diamond coating-substrate interface assessed by inclined impact tests at ambient and elevated temperatures

Author: Bouzakis, E., Bouzakis, K.D., Skordaris, G., Charalampous, P., Kombogiannis, S., Lemmer, O., and Publica
Abstract: The effect of two different treatments of cemented carbide substrates, prior to the deposition of a nanocrystalline diamond (NCD) coating, on the film interface fatigue strength was investigated at ambient and elevated temperatures. The first substrate treatment of the cemented carbide substrate was a selective chemical Co-etching and the second one the deposition of a Cr-adhesive layer. Inclined impact tests at 25 °C and 300 °C were performed on the NCD coated specimens. The related imprints were evaluated by confocal microscopy measurements and EDX micro-analyses. The thermal residual stresses developed in the film structure at various temperatures were estimated by Finite Element Method (FEM) calculations. A fatigue damage in the NCD coating interface region was induced by the repetitive impacts. After this damage, the compressive residual stresses in the NCD film are released leading to its lifting from the substrate (bulge formation) and subsequent coating failure. The NCD film-substrate interface fatigue behavior is significantly affected by the test temperature. Based on the attained results at diverse substrate treatments, Woehler-like diagrams were developed for monitoring the fatigue failure of NCD coating interface area at 25 °C and 300 °C. The interfacial fatigue strength worsens as the impact test temperature grows in both examined substrate treatment cases. Moreover, Co-etched substrates compared to coated ones by an adhesive Cr-interlayer possess higher interfacial strength at ambient and elevated temperatures. These phenomena were investigated and related explanations are described in the paper.
Published: 2014

12. Tree traversal algorithms for real time sound propagation calculation

Author: Charalampous, P. and Michael, D.
Subjects: Social Sciences, Acoustics, Acoustic fields, Acoustic wave propagation, Media and Communications, Algorithms
Abstract: A major category of algorithms for simulating sound propagation in three dimensional environments is the category of geometrical acoustics which are based on various tracing techniques. All tracing techniques are essentially tree traversals throughout a tree of candidate sound paths which could potentially affect the sound field at a given receiver location. Even though there is significant literature for speeding up tracing in three dimensional spaces for use in real time applications, the type of these algorithms has barely been discussed. In this work, we implement an image source method variant and we compare three different tree traversal approaches, depth-first, breadth-first and best-first. We examine their performance in respect to time and we highlight the advantages and disadvantages of each one and evaluate the applicability of each in real time sound propagation calculations.
Published: 2014

13. Prediction of coated tools performance in milling based on the film fatigue at different strain rates

Author: Bouzakis, K. D., Paraskevopouloua, R., Georgios Katirtzoglou, Makrimallakis, S., Bouzakis, E., Charalampous, P., and Publica
Subjects: Entry impact duration, lcsh:Mechanical engineering and machinery, technology, industry, and agriculture, lcsh:TJ1-1570, Tool wear, Milling
Abstract: The knowledge of coated tool wear mechanisms in milling is pivotal for explaining the film failure and selecting the appropriate cutting strategy and conditions. In this paper, tool wear experiments were carried out in milling of four different steels using coated cemented carbide inserts. The variable stress, strain and strain rate fields developed in the tool during cutting affect the film-substrate deformations and in this way the resulting coatings loads and its fatigue failure. For investigating the influence of cyclic impact loads magnitude and duration on the films' fatigue of coated specimens, an impact tester was employed which facilitates the modulation of the force signal. The attained tool life up to the films' fatigue failure was associated to a critical force for the film fatigue endurance and to the cutting edge entry impact duration. These factors converge sufficiently to the tool life in all examined milling kinematics and workpiece material cases.
Published: 2013

14. Clostridium difficile infection in Europe : a hospital-based survey

Author: Bauer, M.P., Notermans, D.W., van Benthem, B.H., Brazier, J.S., Wilcox, M.H., Rupnik, M., Monnet, D.L., van Dissel, J.T., Kuijper, E.J., ECDIS Study Group. Collaborators: Allerberger. F, Hartman, G., Hell, M., Wechsler-Fördös, A., Delmee, M., Gordts, B., Laffineur, K., Ivanova, K., Marina, M., Dzhigosheva, E., Filefski, G., Matica, B., Golubić, Dragutin, Punda-Polić, Volga, Andrašević, A.T., Maikanti-Charalampous, P., Bagazouni, D., Nyč, O., Rooney, P., and Wiuff, C.
Subjects: Clostridium, difficile infection, Europe, medicine.medical_specialty, north-america risk-factors disease toxin pcr netherlands colitis strain epidemiology strategies, Hospital, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Antibiotic use, Intensive care medicine, Enterocolitis, Pseudomembranous, Enterocolitis, Clostridioides difficile, business.industry, Incidence (epidemiology), General Medicine, Odds ratio, Hospital based, Clostridium difficile, medicine.disease, Comorbidity, Health Surveys, Infecções Gastrointestinais, Hospital Infection, Disease prevention, medicine.symptom, Nosocomial, business, Infection
Abstract: Comment in Lancet. 2011 Jan 1;377(9759):8-9. Lancet. 2011 Apr 23;377(9775):1407. BACKGROUND: Little is known about the extent of Clostridium difficile infection in Europe. Our aim was to obtain a more complete overview of C difficile infection in Europe and build capacity for diagnosis and surveillance. METHODS: We set up a network of 106 laboratories in 34 European countries. In November, 2008, one to six hospitals per country, relative to population size, tested stool samples of patients with suspected C difficile infection or diarrhoea that developed 3 or more days after hospital admission. A case was defined when, subsequently, toxins were identified in stool samples. Detailed clinical data and stool isolates were collected for the first ten cases per hospital. After 3 months, clinical data were followed up. FINDINGS: The incidence of C difficile infection varied across hospitals (weighted mean 4·1 per 10,000 patient-days per hospital, range 0·0-36·3). Detailed information was obtained for 509 patients. For 389 of these patients, isolates were available for characterisation. 65 different PCR ribotypes were identified, of which 014/020 (61 patients [16%]), 001 (37 [9%]), and 078 (31 [8%]) were the most prevalent. The prevalence of PCR-ribotype 027 was 5%. Most patients had a previously identified risk profile of old age, comorbidity, and recent antibiotic use. At follow up, 101 (22%) of 455 patients had died, and C difficile infection played a part in 40 (40%) of deaths. After adjustment for potential confounders, an age of 65 years or older (adjusted odds ratio 3·26, 95% CI 1·08-9·78; p=0·026), and infection by PCR-ribotypes 018 (6·19, 1·28-29·81; p=0·023) and 056 (13·01; 1·14-148·26; p=0·039) were significantly associated with complicated disease outcome. INTERPRETATION: PCR ribotypes other than 027 are prevalent in European hospitals. The data emphasise the importance of multicountry surveillance to detect and control C difficile infection in Europe. FUNDING: European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control
Published: 2011
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15. Performance increase of hardmetal cutting tools based on stress-strain strain rate properties of their film

Author: Bouzakis, K. -D, Charalampous, P., Paraskevopoulou, R., Skordaris, G., Bouzakis, E., Kombogiannis, S., Georgios Katirtzoglou, Makrimallakis, S., and Publica
Abstract: The cutting performance of coated tools can be significantly improved by tailoring the compound film-interface-substrate properties to specific application requirements. In the paper, examples highlight such innovative procedures, facilitating the adaption of cutting conditions to the film properties. The fatigue strength of PVD-films at high strains and strain rates, an important parameter for milling operations, is evaluated by repetitive impacts of various magnitudes and durations. Considering the attained results, the tool wear evolution is described dependent on the cutting speed and the cutting edge entry impact duration. Characteristic application examples are presented in the case of NC milling of a hardened steel.

16. Hoi Tsakones kai he Tsakonia: Symbole sten hermeneia ton onomaton kai tou homonymou Byzantinou thesmou ton kastrophylakon [The Tsacones and Tsaconia: A Contribution to the Meaning of the Terms and of the Byzantine Institution of the Fortress-Garrison of the Same Name]

Author: Charalampous P. Symeonides and Peter Charanis
Subjects: Archeology, History, media_common.quotation_subject, Museology, Institution (computer science), Ton, Meaning (existential), Art, Fortress (chess), Theology, Byzantine architecture, media_common
Published: 1974
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17. Pan-European longitudinal surveillance of antibiotic resistance among prevalent Clostridium difficile ribotypes

Author: Freeman, J., Vernon, J., Morris, K., Nicholson, S., Todhunter, S., Longshaw, C., Wilcox, M. H., Pfeiffer, S., Delmee, M., Muytjens, L., Broeck, J. V., Ivanova, K., Maikanti-Charalampous, P., Nyc, O., Engberg, J., Barbut, F., Marchandin, H., Jean-Pierre, H., Muller, L. V., Mutters, R., Schubert, S., Bader, J., Malamou-Lada, E., Orfanidou, M., Smilakou, S., Nagy, E., Urban, E., Barna, Z., Kristoff, K., Fitzpatrick, F., Skally, M., Fenelon, L., Dennehy, F., Mastrantonio, P., Farina, Carlo, Sanguinetti, Maurizio, Masucci, Luca, Zaccaria, T., Barbui, A., Gesu, G., Sironi, M. C., Balode, A., Pituch, H., Oleastro, M., Novakova, E., Rupnik, M., Bouza, E., Reigadas, H., Alcala, L., Linares, J., Njubo, J., Tubau, F., Noren, T., Widmer, A., Frei, R., Altwegg, M., Kuijper, E., Harmanus, C., Fairley, D., Morris, T., Crook, D., Griffiths, D., Planche, T., Monahan, I., Coia, J., Mather, H., UCL - SSS/IREC/MBLG - Pôle de Microbiologie médicale, and UCL - (SLuc) Service de microbiologie
Subjects: Microbiology (medical), PCR ribotyping, Epidemiology, Drug Resistance, Tigecycline, Biology, Antimicrobial resistance, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Ribotyping, Settore MED/07 - MICROBIOLOGIA E MICROBIOLOGIA CLINICA, Microbiology, Antibiotic resistance, Drug Resistance, Bacterial, medicine, Prevalence, Humans, Fidaxomicin, Longitudinal Studies, Enterocolitis, Pseudomembranous, Surveillance, Geography, Enterocolitis, Clostridioides difficile, Pseudomembranous, Bacterial, Clindamycin, General Medicine, Clostridium difficile, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Europe, Population Surveillance, Antimicrobial, Metronidazole, Infectious Diseases, surveillance, Vancomycin, epidemiology, medicine.drug
Abstract: Clostridium difficile infection remains a major healthcare burden. Until the recent introduction of fidaxomicin, antimicrobial treatments were limited to metronidazole and vancomycin. The emergence of epidemic C. difficile PCR ribotype 027 and its potential link to decreased antibiotic susceptibility highlight the lack of large-scale antimicrobial susceptibility and epidemiological data available. We report results of epidemiological and antimicrobial susceptibility investigations of C. difficile isolates collected prior to fidaxomicin introduction, establishing important baseline data. Thirty-nine sites in 22 countries submitted a total of 953 C. difficile isolates for PCR ribotyping, toxin testing, and susceptibility testing to metronidazole, vancomycin, fidaxomicin, rifampicin, moxifloxacin, clindamycin, imipenem, chloramphenicol, and tigecycline. Ninety-nine known ribotypes were identified. Ribotypes 027, 014, 001/072, and 078 were most frequently isolated in line with previous European studies. There was no evidence of resistance to fidaxomicin, and reduced susceptibility to metronidazole and vancomycin was also scarce. Rifampicin, moxifloxacin, and clindamycin resistance (13%, 40%, and 50% of total isolates, respectively) were evident in multiple ribotypes. There was a significant correlation between lack of ribotype diversity and greater antimicrobial resistance (measured by cumulative resistance score). Well-known epidemic ribotypes 027 and 001/072 were associated with multiple antimicrobial resistance, but high levels of resistance were also observed, particularly in 018 and closely related emergent ribotype 356 in Italy. This raises the possibility of antimicrobial exposure as the underlying reason for their appearance, and highlights the need for ongoing epidemiological and antimicrobial resistance surveillance.
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18. The burden of injury in Central, Eastern, and Western European sub-region: a systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Disease 2019 Study

Author: Juanita A. Haagsma, Periklis Charalampous, Filippo Ariani, Anne Gallay, Kim Moesgaard Iburg, Evangelia Nena, Che Henry Ngwa, Alexander Rommel, Ausra Zelviene, Kedir Hussein Abegaz, Hanadi Al Hamad, Luciana Albano, Catalina Liliana Andrei, Tudorel Andrei, Ippazio Cosimo Antonazzo, Olatunde Aremu, Ashokan Arumugam, Alok Atreya, Avinash Aujayeb, Jose Luis Ayuso-Mateos, Luchuo Engelbert Bain, Maciej Banach, Till Winfried Bärnighausen, Francesco Barone-Adesi, Massimiliano Beghi, Derrick A. Bennett, Akshaya S. Bhagavathula, Félix Carvalho, Giulio Castelpietra, Ledda Caterina, Joht Singh Chandan, Rosa A. S. Couto, Natália Cruz-Martins, Giovanni Damiani, Anna Dastiridou, Andreas K. Demetriades, Diana Dias-da-Silva, Adeniyi Francis Fagbamigbe, Seyed-Mohammad Fereshtehnejad, Eduarda Fernandes, Pietro Ferrara, Florian Fischer, Urbano Fra.Paleo, Silvia Ghirini, James C. Glasbey, Ionela-Roxana Glavan, Nelson G. M. Gomes, Michal Grivna, Netanja I. Harlianto, Josep Maria Haro, M. Tasdik Hasan, Sorin Hostiuc, Ivo Iavicoli, Milena D. Ilic, Irena M. Ilic, Mihajlo Jakovljevic, Jost B. Jonas, Jacek Jerzy Jozwiak, Mikk Jürisson, Joonas H. Kauppila, Gbenga A. Kayode, Moien A. B. Khan, Adnan Kisa, Sezer Kisa, Ai Koyanagi, Manasi Kumar, Om P. Kurmi, Carlo La-Vecchia, Demetris Lamnisos, Savita Lasrado, Paolo Lauriola, Shai Linn, Joana A. Loureiro, Raimundas Lunevicius, Aurea Madureira-Carvalho, Enkeleint A. Mechili, Azeem Majeed, Ritesh G. Menezes, Alexios-Fotios A. Mentis, Atte Meretoja, Tomislav Mestrovic, Tomasz Miazgowski, Bartosz Miazgowski, Andreea Mirica, Mariam Molokhia, Shafiu Mohammed, Lorenzo Monasta, Francesk Mulita, Mukhammad David Naimzada, Ionut Negoi, Subas Neupane, Bogdan Oancea, Hans Orru, Adrian Otoiu, Nikita Otstavnov, Stanislav S. Otstavnov, Alicia Padron-Monedero, Songhomitra Panda-Jonas, Shahina Pardhan, Jay Patel, Paolo Pedersini, Marina Pinheiro, Ivo Rakovac, Chythra R. Rao, Salman Rawaf, David Laith Rawaf, Violet Rodrigues, Luca Ronfani, Dominic Sagoe, Francesco Sanmarchi, Milena M. Santric-Milicevic, Brijesh Sathian, Aziz Sheikh, Rahman Shiri, Siddharudha Shivalli, Inga Dora Sigfusdottir, Rannveig Sigurvinsdottir, Valentin Yurievich Skryabin, Anna Aleksandrovna Skryabina, Catalin-Gabriel Smarandache, Bogdan Socea, Raúl A. R. C. Sousa, Paschalis Steiropoulos, Rafael Tabarés-Seisdedos, Marcos Roberto Tovani-Palone, Fimka Tozija, Sarah Van de Velde, Tommi Juhani Vasankari, Massimiliano Veroux, Francesco S. Violante, Vasiliy Vlassov, Yanzhong Wang, Ali Yadollahpour, Sanni Yaya, Mikhail Sergeevich Zastrozhin, Anasthasia Zastrozhina, Suzanne Polinder, Marek Majdan, Haagsma, J, Charalampous, P, Ariani, F, Gallay, A, Moesgaard Iburg, K, Nena, E, Ngwa, C, Rommel, A, Zelviene, A, Abegaz, K, Al Hamad, H, Albano, L, Liliana Andrei, C, Andrei, T, Antonazzo, I, Aremu, O, Arumugam, A, Atreya, A, Aujayeb, A, Ayuso-Mateos, J, Engelbert Bain, L, Banach, M, Winfried Bärnighausen, T, Barone-Adesi, F, Beghi, M, Bennett, D, Bhagavathula, A, Carvalho, F, Castelpietra, G, Caterina, L, Chandan, J, Couto, R, Cruz-Martins, N, Damiani, G, Dastiridou, A, Demetriades, A, Dias-da-Silva, D, Francis Fagbamigbe, A, Fereshtehnejad, S, Fernandes, E, Ferrara, P, Fischer, F, Fra. Paleo, U, Ghirini, S, Glasbey, J, Glavan, I, Gomes, N, Grivna, M, Harlianto, N, Haro, J, Hasan, M, Hostiuc, S, Iavicoli, I, Ilic, M, Ilic, I, Jakovljevic, M, Jonas, J, Jerzy Jozwiak, J, Jürisson, M, Kauppila, J, Kayode, G, Khan, M, Kisa, A, Kisa, S, Koyanagi, A, Kumar, M, Kurmi, O, La-Vecchia, C, Lamnisos, D, Lasrado, S, Lauriola, P, Linn, S, Loureiro, J, Lunevicius, R, Madureira-Carvalho, A, Mechili, E, Majeed, A, Menezes, R, Mentis, A, Meretoja, A, Mestrovic, T, Miazgowski, T, Miazgowski, B, Mirica, A, Molokhia, M, Mohammed, S, Monasta, L, Mulita, F, David Naimzada, M, Negoi, I, Neupane, S, Oancea, B, Orru, H, Otoiu, A, Otstavnov, N, Otstavnov, S, Padron-Monedero, A, Panda-Jonas, S, Pardhan, S, Patel, J, Pedersini, P, Pinheiro, M, Rakovac, I, Rao, C, Rawaf, S, Rawaf, D, Rodrigues, V, Ronfani, L, Sagoe, D, Sanmarchi, F, Santric-Milicevic, M, Sathian, B, Sheikh, A, Shiri, R, Shivalli, S, Dora Sigfusdottir, I, Sigurvinsdottir, R, Yurievich Skryabin, V, Aleksandrovna Skryabina, A, Smarandache, C, Socea, B, Sousa, R, Steiropoulos, P, Tabarés-Seisdedos, R, Roberto Tovani-Palone, M, Tozija, F, Van de Velde, S, Juhani Vasankari, T, Veroux, M, Violante, F, Vlassov, V, Wang, Y, Yadollahpour, A, Yaya, S, Sergeevich Zastrozhin, M, Zastrozhina, A, Polinder, S, Majdan, M, Haagsma, J. A., Charalampous, P., Ariani, F., Gallay, A., Moesgaard Iburg, K., Nena, E., Ngwa, C. H., Rommel, A., Zelviene, A., Abegaz, K. H., Al Hamad, H., Albano, L., Liliana Andrei, C., Andrei, T., Antonazzo, I. C., Aremu, O., Arumugam, A., Atreya, A., Aujayeb, A., Ayuso-Mateos, J. L., Engelbert Bain, L., Banach, M., Winfried Barnighausen, T., Barone-Adesi, F., Beghi, M., Bennett, D. A., Bhagavathula, A. S., Carvalho, F., Castelpietra, G., Caterina, L., Chandan, J. S., Couto, R. A. S., Cruz-Martins, N., Damiani, G., Dastiridou, A., Demetriades, A. K., Dias-da-Silva, D., Fagbamigbe, A. F., Fereshtehnejad, S. -M., Fernandes, E., Ferrara, P., Fischer, F., Fr, a. Paleo U., Ghirini, S., Glasbey, J. C., Glavan, I. -R., Gomes, N. G. M., Grivna, M., Harlianto, N. I., Haro, J. M., Hasan, M. T., Hostiuc, S., Iavicoli, I., Ilic, M. D., Ilic, I. M., Jakovljevic, M., Jonas, J. B., Jerzy Jozwiak, J., Jurisson, M., Kauppila, J. H., Kayode, G. A., Khan, M. A. B., Kisa, A., Kisa, S., Koyanagi, A., Kumar, M., Kurmi, O. P., La-Vecchia, C., Lamnisos, D., Lasrado, S., Lauriola, P., Linn, S., Loureiro, J. A., Lunevicius, R., Madureira-Carvalho, A., Mechili, E. A., Majeed, A., Menezes, R. G., Mentis, A. -F. A., Meretoja, A., Mestrovic, T., Miazgowski, T., Miazgowski, B., Mirica, A., Molokhia, M., Mohammed, S., Monasta, L., Mulita, F., David Naimzada, M., Negoi, I., Neupane, S., Oancea, B., Orru, H., Otoiu, A., Otstavnov, N., Otstavnov, S. S., Padron-Monedero, A., Panda-Jonas, S., Pardhan, S., Patel, J., Pedersini, P., Pinheiro, M., Rakovac, I., Rao, C. R., Rawaf, S., Rawaf, D. L., Rodrigues, V., Ronfani, L., Sagoe, D., Sanmarchi, F., Santric-Milicevic, M. M., Sathian, B., Sheikh, A., Shiri, R., Shivalli, S., Dora Sigfusdottir, I., Sigurvinsdottir, R., Yurievich Skryabin, V., Aleksandrovna Skryabina, A., Smarandache, C. -G., Socea, B., Sousa, R. A. R. C., Steiropoulos, P., Tabares-Seisdedos, R., Roberto Tovani-Palone, M., Tozija, F., Van de Velde, S., Juhani Vasankari, T., Veroux, M., Violante, F. S., Vlassov, V., Wang, Y., Yadollahpour, A., Yaya, S., Sergeevich Zastrozhin, M., Zastrozhina, A., Polinder, S., Majdan, M., Haagsma, Ja, Iburg, Km, Ngwa, Ch, Abegaz, Kh, Andrei, Cl, Antonazzo, Ic, Ayuso-Mateos, Jl, Bain, Le, Barnighausen, Tw, Bennett, Da, Couto, Ra, Demetriades, Ak, Fagbamigbe, Af, Fereshtehnejad, Sm, Fra Paleo, U, Glasbey, Jc, Glavan, Ir, Gomes, Ngm, Harlianto, Ni, Haro, Jm, Hasan, Mt, Ilic, Md, Ilic, Im, Jonas, Jb, Jozwiak, Jj, Jurisson, M, Kauppila, Jh, Kayode, Ga, Khan, Mab, Kurmi, Op, Loureiro, Ja, Mechili, Ea, Menezes, Rg, Mentis, Afa, Naimzada, Md, Rao, Cr, Rawaf, Dl, Santric-Milicevic, Mm, Sigfusdottir, Id, Skryabin, Vy, Skryabina, Aa, Smarandache, Cg, Sousa, Rarc, Tabares-Seisdedos, R, Tovani-Palone, Mr, Vasankari, Tj, Wang, Yz, Zastrozhin, M, Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Clinicum, University of Helsinki, HUS Neurocenter, Neurologian yksikkö, Public Health, Tampere University, Health Sciences, and Clinical Medicine
Subjects: Science & Technology, Injuries, DEATHS, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Burden of disease, Public Health, Global Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology, 3121 Internal medicine, Disability adjusted life years, Mortality, Europe, 3142 Public health care science, environmental and occupational health, 1117 Public Health and Health Services, Injurie, Folkhälsovetenskap, global hälsa, socialmedicin och epidemiologi, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, INEQUALITIES, Public Health, Human medicine, Disability adjusted life year, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Abstract: Background Injury remains a major concern to public health in the European region. Previous iterations of the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study showed wide variation in injury death and disability adjusted life year (DALY) rates across Europe, indicating injury inequality gaps between sub-regions and countries. The objectives of this study were to: 1) compare GBD 2019 estimates on injury mortality and DALYs across European sub-regions and countries by cause-of-injury category and sex; 2) examine changes in injury DALY rates over a 20 year-period by cause-of-injury category, sub-region and country; and 3) assess inequalities in injury mortality and DALY rates across the countries. Methods We performed a secondary database descriptive study using the GBD 2019 results on injuries in 44 European countries from 2000 to 2019. Inequality in DALY rates between these countries was assessed by calculating the DALY rate ratio between the highest-ranking country and lowest-ranking country in each year. Results In 2019, in Eastern Europe 80 [95% uncertainty interval (UI): 71 to 89] people per 100,000 died from injuries; twice as high compared to Central Europe (38 injury deaths per 100,000; 95% UI 34 to 42) and three times as high compared to Western Europe (27 injury deaths per 100,000; 95%UI 25 to 28). The injury DALY rates showed less pronounced differences between Eastern (5129 DALYs per 100,000; 95% UI: 4547 to 5864), Central (2940 DALYs per 100,000; 95% UI: 2452 to 3546) and Western Europe (1782 DALYs per 100,000; 95% UI: 1523 to 2115). Injury DALY rate was lowest in Italy (1489 DALYs per 100,000) and highest in Ukraine (5553 DALYs per 100,000). The difference in injury DALY rates by country was larger for males compared to females. The DALY rate ratio was highest in 2005, with DALY rate in the lowest-ranking country (Russian Federation) 6.0 times higher compared to the highest-ranking country (Malta). After 2005, the DALY rate ratio between the lowest- and the highest-ranking country gradually decreased to 3.7 in 2019. Conclusions Injury mortality and DALY rates were highest in Eastern Europe and lowest in Western Europe, although differences in injury DALY rates declined rapidly, particularly in the past decade. The injury DALY rate ratio of highest- and lowest-ranking country declined from 2005 onwards, indicating declining inequalities in injuries between European countries.
Published: 2022
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19. Burden of non-communicable diseases among adolescents aged 10-24 years in the EU, 1990-2019: a systematic analysis of the Global Burden of Diseases Study 2019

Author: Armocida, Benedetta, Monasta, Lorenzo, Sawyer, Susan, Bustreo, Flavia, Segafredo, Giulia, Castelpietra, Giulio, Ronfani, Luca, Pasovic, Maja, Hay, Simon, Perel, Pablo, Beran, David, Sawyer, Susan M., Hay, Simon I., Abila, Derrick Bary, Abolhassani, Hassan, Accrombessi, Manfred Mario Kokou, Adekanmbi, Victor, Ahmadi, Keivan, Al Hamad, Hanadi, Aldeyab, Mamoon A., Al-Jumaily, Adel, Ancuceanu, Robert, Andrei, Catalina Liliana, Andrei, Tudorel, Arumugam, Ashokan, Attia, Sameh, Aujayeb, Avinash, Ausloos, Marcel, Baker, Jennifer L., Barone-Adesi, Francesco, Barra, Fabio, Barteit, Sandra, Basu, Sanjay, Baune, Bernhard T., Béjot, Yannick, Belo, Luis, Bennett, Derrick A., Bikbov, Boris, Bikov, Andras, Blyuss, Oleg, Breitner, Susanne, Brenner, Hermann, Carreras, Giulia, Carvalho, Márcia, Catapano, Alberico L., Chandan, Joht Singh, Charalampous, Periklis, Chen, Simiao, Conde, Joao, Cruz-Martins, Natália, Damiani, Giovanni, Dastiridou, Anna, de la Torre-Luque, Alejandro, Dianatinasab, Mostafa, Dias da Silva, Diana, Douiri, Abdel, Dragioti, Elena, Engelbert Bain, Luchuo, Fagbamigbe, Adeniyi Francis, Fereshtehnejad, Seyed-Mohammad, Ferrara, Pietro, Ferreira de Oliveira, José Miguel P., Ferrero, Simone, Ferro Desideri, Lorenzo, Fischer, Florian, Fonseca, Diogo, Gaewkhiew, Piyada, Gaihre, Santosh, Gallus, Silvano, Gaspar Fonseca, Mariana, Gill, Paramjit, Glasbey, James C., Gorini, Giuseppe, Gupta, Vijai Kumar, Gurara, Mekdes Kondale, Haro, Josep Maria, Hasan, M Tasdik, Havmoeller, Rasmus J., Heibati, Behzad, Hellemons, Merel E., Herteliu, Claudiu, Hussain, Salman, Isola, Gaetano, Johnson, Olatunji, Jonas, Jost B., Jozwiak, Jacek Jerzy, Jürisson, Mikk, Kabir, Zubair, Karch, André, Kauppila, Joonas H., Kayode, Gbenga A., Khan, Moien A. B., Khatab, Khaled, Kivimäki, Mika, Klugar, Miloslav, Klugarová, Jitka, Koly, Kamrun Nahar, Koyanagi, Ai, Kurmi, Om P., Kusuma, Dian, La Vecchia, Carlo, Lacey, Ben, Lallukka, Tea, Lamnisos, Demetris, Langguth, Berthold, Larsson, Anders O., Lauriola, Paolo, Lee, Paul H., Leonardi, Matilde, Li, An, Linehan, Christine, López-Bueno, Rubén, Lorkowski, Stefan, Loureiro, Joana A., Lunevicius, Raimundas, Magee, Laura A., Magnani, Francesca Giulia, Majeed, Azeem, Makris, Konstantinos Christos, Mathioudakis, Alexander G., Mathur, Manu Raj, McGrath, John J., Menezes, Ritesh G., Mentis, Alexios-Fotios A., Meretoja, Atte, Mestrovic, Tomislav, Miao Jonasson, Junmei, Miazgowski, Tomasz, Mirica, Andreea, Moccia, Marcello, Mohammed, Shafiu, Molokhia, Mariam, Mondello, Stefania, Mueller, Ulrich Otto, Mulita, Francesk, Munblit, Daniel, Negoi, Ionut, Negoi, Ruxandra Irina, Nena, Evangelia, Noor, Nurulamin M., Nowak, Christoph, Ntaios, George, Nwatah, Vincent Ebuka, Oancea, Bogdan, Oguntade, Ayodipupo Sikiru, Ortiz, Alberto, Otoiu, Adrian, Padron-Monedero, Alicia, Palladino, Raffaele, Pana, Adrian, Panagiotakos, Demosthenes, Panda-Jonas, Songhomitra, Pardhan, Shahina, Patel, Jay, Pedersini, Paolo, Peñalvo, José L., Pensato, Umberto, Pereira, Renato B., Perico, Norberto, Petcu, Ionela-Roxana, Polinder, Suzanne, Postma, Maarten J., Rabiee, Mohammad, Rabiee, Navid, Raggi, Alberto, Rahimzadeh, Shadi, Rawaf, David Laith, Rawaf, Salman, Rehman, Faizan Ur, Remuzzi, Giuseppe, Riad, Abanoub, Rodriguez, Alina, Sacco, Simona, Saeb, Mohammad Reza, Safdarian, Mahdi, Sathian, Brijesh, Sattin, Davide, Saxena, Sonia, Scarmeas, Nikolaos, Schlee, Winfried, Schwendicke, Falk, Shamsizadeh, Morteza, Sharew, Nigussie Tadesse, Shiri, Rahman, Shivalli, Siddharudha, Shivarov, Velizar, Silva, João Pedro, Simpson, Colin R., Skou, Søren T., Socea, Bogdan, Soyiri, Ireneous N., Steiropoulos, Paschalis, Straif, Kurt, Sun, Xiaohui, Tabarés-Seisdedos, Rafael, Thiyagarajan, Arulmani, Topouzis, Fotis, Tovani-Palone, Marcos Roberto, Truelsen, Thomas Clement, Unim, Brigid, Van den Eynde, Jef, Vasankari, Tommi Juhani, Veroux, Massimiliano, Villafaina, Santos, Vinko, Matej, Violante, Francesco S., Volovici, Victor, Wang, Yanzhong, Westerman, Ronny, Yadegarfar, Mohammad Esmaeil, Yaya, Sanni, Zadnik, Vesna, Zumla, Alimuddin, HASH(0x5651c96cd260), Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Public Health, Pulmonary Medicine, Neurosurgery, Collaborators, GBD 2019 Europe NCDs in Adolescents, Lacey, BWH, Yaya, S, HUS Neurocenter, Department of Neurosciences, Armocida B., Monasta L., Sawyer S., Bustreo F., Segafredo G., Castelpietra G., Ronfani L., Pasovic M., Hay S., Sawyer S.M., Hay S.I., Abila D.B., Abolhassani H., Accrombessi M.M.K., Adekanmbi V., Ahmadi K., Al Hamad H., Aldeyab M.A., Al-Jumaily A., Ancuceanu R., Andrei C.L., Andrei T., Arumugam A., Attia S., Aujayeb A., Ausloos M., Baker J.L., Barone-Adesi F., Barra F., Barteit S., Basu S., Baune B.T., Bejot Y., Belo L., Bennett D.A., Bikbov B., Bikov A., Blyuss O., Breitner S., Brenner H., Carreras G., Carvalho M., Catapano A.L., Chandan J.S., Charalampous P., Chen S., Conde J., Cruz-Martins N., Damiani G., Dastiridou A., de la Torre-Luque A., Dianatinasab M., Dias da Silva D., Douiri A., Dragioti E., Engelbert Bain L., Fagbamigbe A.F., Fereshtehnejad S.-M., Ferrara P., Ferreira de Oliveira J.M.P., Ferrero S., Ferro Desideri L., Fischer F., Fonseca D.A., Gaewkhiew P., Gaihre S., Gallus S., Gaspar Fonseca M., Gill P.S., Glasbey J.C., Gorini G., Gupta V.K., Gurara M.K., Haro J.M., Hasan M.T., Havmoeller R.J., Heibati B., Hellemons M.E., Herteliu C., Hussain S., Isola G., Johnson O., Jonas J.B., Jozwiak J.J., Jurisson M., Kabir Z., Karch A., Kauppila J.H., Kayode G.A., Khan M.A., Khatab K., Kivimaki M., Klugar M., Klugarova J., Koly K.N., Koyanagi A., Kurmi O.P., Kusuma D., La Vecchia C., Lacey B., Lallukka T., Lamnisos D., Langguth B., Larsson A.O., Lauriola P., Lee P.H., Leonardi M., Li A., Linehan C., Lopez-Bueno R., Lorkowski S., Loureiro J.A., Lunevicius R., Magee L.A., Magnani F.G., Majeed A., Makris K.C., Mathioudakis A.G., Mathur M.R., McGrath J.J., Menezes R.G., Mentis A.-F.A., Meretoja A., Mestrovic T., Miao Jonasson J., Miazgowski T., Mirica A., Moccia M., Mohammed S., Molokhia M., Mondello S., Mueller U.O., Mulita F., Munblit D., Negoi I., Negoi R.I., Nena E., Noor N.M., Nowak C., Ntaios G., Nwatah V.E., Oancea B., Oguntade A.S., Ortiz A., Otoiu A., Padron-Monedero A., Palladino R., Pana A., Panagiotakos D., Panda-Jonas S., Pardhan S., Patel J., Pedersini P., Penalvo J.L., Pensato U., Pereira R.B., Perico N., Petcu I.-R., Polinder S., Postma M.J., Rabiee M., Rabiee N., Raggi A., Rahimzadeh S., Rawaf D.L., Rawaf S., Rehman F.U., Remuzzi G., Riad A., Rodriguez A., Sacco S., Saeb M.R., Safdarian M., Sathian B., Sattin D., Saxena S., Scarmeas N., Schlee W., Schwendicke F., Shamsizadeh M., Sharew N.T., Shiri R., Shivalli S., Shivarov V., Silva J.P., Simpson C.R., Skou S.T., Socea B., Soyiri I.N., Steiropoulos P., Straif K., Sun X., Tabares-Seisdedos R., Thiyagarajan A., Topouzis F., Tovani-Palone M.R., Truelsen T.C., Unim B., Van den Eynde J., Vasankari T.J., Veroux M., Villafaina S., Vinko M., Violante F.S., Volovici V., Wang Y., Westerman R., Yadegarfar M.E., Yaya S., Zadnik V., Zumla A., Perel P., Beran D., Armocida, B, Monasta, L, Sawyer, S, Ferrara, P, Benedetta, Armocida, Lorenzo, Monasta, Susan, Sawyer, Flavia, Bustreo, Giulia, Segafredo, Giulio, Castelpietra, Luca, Ronfani, Maja, Pasovic, Simon, Hay, Pablo, Perel, David, Beran, Bary Abila, Derrick, Abolhassani, Hassan, Adekanmbi, Victor, Al Hamad, Hanadi, Armocida, Benedetta, Attia, Sameh, Ausloos, Marcel, L Baker, Jennifer, Barteit, Sandra, Basu, Sanjay, Beran, David, Bikbov, Bori, Damiani, Giovanni, de la Torre-Luque, Alejandro, Dianatinasab, Mostafa, Dias da Silva, Diana, Douiri, Abdel, Dragioti, Elena, Engelbert Bain, Luchuo, Gaihre, Santosh, C Glasbey, Jame, Kumar Gupta, Vijai, Maria Haro, Josep, Herteliu, Claudiu, Isola, Gaetano, B Jonas, Jost, Jerzy Jozwiak, Jacek, Jürisson, Mikk, Kabir, Zubair, Karch, André, H Kauppila, Joona, A Kayode, Gbenga, AB Khan, Moien, Khatab, Khaled, Klugarová, Jitka, Kusuma, Dian, López-Bueno, Rubén, Lorkowski, Stefan, Christos Makris, Konstantino, Raj Mathur, Manu, G Menezes, Ritesh, Meretoja, Atte, Moccia, Marcello, Mohammed, Shafiu, Molokhia, Mariam, Monasta, Lorenzo, Otto Mueller, Ulrich, Mulita, Francesk, Negoi, Ionut, Irina Negoi, Ruxandra, Oancea, Bogdan, Sikiru Oguntade, Ayodipupo, Ortiz, Alberto, Pana, Adrian, Panagiotakos, Demosthene, Panda-Jonas, Songhomitra, Pardhan, Shahina, Pasovic, Maja, Patel, Jay, L Peñalvo, José, B Pereira, Renato, Polinder, Suzanne, J Postma, Maarten, Rabiee, Mohammad, Rabiee, Navid, Laith Rawaf, David, Rawaf, Salman, Ronfani, Luca, Reza Saeb, Mohammad, Sathian, Brijesh, Saxena, Sonia, Pedro Silva, João, Tabarés-Seisdedos, Rafael, Roberto Tovani-Palone, Marco, Clement Truelsen, Thoma, Juhani Vasankari, Tommi, Villafaina, Santo, Westerman, Ronny, Yaya, Sanni, Zadnik, Vesna, Zumla., and Alimuddin, Sawyer, Susan, Bustreo, Flavia, Segafredo, Giulia, Castelpietra, Giulio, Hay, Simon, Perel, Pablo, M Sawyer, Susan, I Hay, Simon, Mario Kokou Accrombessi, Manfred, Ahmadi, Keivan, A Aldeyab, Mamoon, Al-Jumaily, Adel, Ancuceanu, Robert, Liliana Andrei, Catalina, Andrei, Tudorel, Arumugam, Ashokan, Aujayeb, Avinash, Barone-Adesi, Francesco, Barra, Fabio, T Baune, Bernhard, B??jot, Yannick, Belo, Lui, A Bennett, Derrick, Bikov, Andra, Blyuss, Oleg, Breitner, Susanne, Brenner, Hermann, Carreras, Giulia, Carvalho, M??rcia, L Catapano, Alberico, Singh Chandan, Joht, Charalampous, Perikli, Chen, Simiao, Conde, Joao, Cruz-Martins, Nat??lia, Dastiridou, Anna, Francis Fagbamigbe, Adeniyi, Fereshtehnejad, Seyed-Mohammad, Ferrara, Pietro, P Ferreira de Oliveira, Jos?? Miguel, Ferrero, Simone, Ferro Desideri, Lorenzo, Fischer, Florian, A Fonseca, Diogo, Gaewkhiew, Piyada, Gallus, Silvano, Gaspar Fonseca, Mariana, Singh Gill, Paramjit, Gorini, Giuseppe, Kondale Gurara, Mekde, Tasdik Hasan, M, J Havmoeller, Rasmu, Heibati, Behzad, E Hellemons, Merel, Hussain, Salman, Johnson, Olatunji, J??risson, Mikk, Karch, Andr??, Kivim??ki, Mika, Klugar, Miloslav, Klugarov??, Jitka, Nahar Koly, Kamrun, Koyanagi, Ai, P Kurmi, Om, La Vecchia, Carlo, Lacey, Ben, Lallukka, Tea, Lamnisos, Demetri, Langguth, Berthold, O Larsson, Ander, Lauriola, Paolo, H Lee, Paul, Leonardi, Matilde, Li, An, Linehan, Christine, L??pez-Bueno, Rub??n, A Loureiro, Joana, Lunevicius, Raimunda, A Magee, Laura, Giulia Magnani, Francesca, Majeed, Azeem, G Mathioudakis, Alexander, J McGrath, John, A Mentis, Alexios-Fotio, Mestrovic, Tomislav, Miao Jonasson, Junmei, Miazgowski, Tomasz, Mirica, Andreea, Mondello, Stefania, Munblit, Daniel, Nena, Evangelia, M Noor, Nurulamin, Nowak, Christoph, Ntaios, George, Ebuka Nwatah, Vincent, Otoiu, Adrian, Padron-Monedero, Alicia, Palladino, Raffaele, Pedersini, Paolo, L Pe??alvo, Jos??, Pensato, Umberto, Perico, Norberto, Petcu, Ionela-Roxana, Raggi, Alberto, Rahimzadeh, Shadi, Ur Rehman, Faizan, Remuzzi, Giuseppe, Riad, Abanoub, Rodriguez, Alina, Sacco, Simona, Safdarian, Mahdi, Sattin, Davide, Scarmeas, Nikolao, Schlee, Winfried, Schwendicke, Falk, Shamsizadeh, Morteza, Tadesse Sharew, Nigussie, Shiri, Rahman, Shivalli, Siddharudha, Shivarov, Velizar, Pedro Silva, Jo??o, R Simpson, Colin, T Skou, S??ren, Socea, Bogdan, N Soyiri, Ireneou, Steiropoulos, Paschali, Straif, Kurt, Sun, Xiaohui, Tabar??s-Seisdedos, Rafael, Thiyagarajan, Arulmani, Topouzis, Foti, Unim, Brigid, Van den Eynde, Jef, Veroux, Massimiliano, Vinko, Matej, S Violante, Francesco, Volovici, Victor, Wang, Yanzhong, Esmaeil Yadegarfar, Mohammad, Zumla, Alimuddin, University of St Andrews. Population and Behavioural Science Division, and University of St Andrews. School of Medicine
Subjects: Male, mortality burden, Adolescent, RJ, RJ101, Care, Global Burden of Disease, Life Expectancy, RJ101 Child Health. Child health services, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, RA0421, 3123 Gynaecology and paediatrics, Risk Factors, RA0421 Public health. Hygiene. Preventive Medicine, Developmental and Educational Psychology, Humans, Disabled Persons, Noncommunicable Diseases, Future, Determinants, MCC, Disability, Public Health, Global Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology, Burden of non-communicable diseases among adolescents aged 10–24 years in the EU, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis of the Global Burden of Diseases Study 2019, 3rd-DAS, Folkhälsovetenskap, global hälsa, socialmedicin och epidemiologi, n/a, Health, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Female, RA
Abstract: Background:Disability and mortality burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) have risen worldwide; however, the NCD burden among adolescents remains poorly described in the EU. Methods:Estimates were retrieved from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019. Causes of NCDs were analysed at three different levels of the GBD 2019 hierarchy, for which mortality, years of life lost (YLLs), years lived with disability (YLDs), and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) were extracted. Estimates, with the 95% uncertainty intervals (UI), were retrieved for EU Member States from 1990 to 2019, three age subgroups (10–14 years, 15–19 years, and 20–24 years), and by sex. Spearman's correlation was conducted between DALY rates for NCDs and the Socio-demographic Index (SDI) of each EU Member State. Findings:In 2019, NCDs accounted for 86·4% (95% uncertainty interval 83·5–88·8) of all YLDs and 38·8% (37·4–39·8) of total deaths in adolescents aged 10–24 years. For NCDs in this age group, neoplasms were the leading causes of both mortality (4·01 [95% uncertainty interval 3·62–4·25] per 100 000 population) and YLLs (281·78 [254·25–298·92] per 100 000 population), whereas mental disorders were the leading cause for YLDs (2039·36 [1432·56–2773·47] per 100 000 population) and DALYs (2040·59 [1433·96–2774·62] per 100 000 population) in all EU Member States, and in all studied age groups. In 2019, among adolescents aged 10–24 years, males had a higher mortality rate per 100 000 population due to NCDs than females (11·66 [11·04–12·28]vs7·89 [7·53–8·23]), whereas females presented a higher DALY rate per 100 000 population due to NCDs (8003·25 [5812·78–10 701·59]vs6083·91 [4576·63–7857·92]). From 1990 to 2019, mortality rate due to NCDs in adolescents aged 10–24 years substantially decreased (–40·41% [–43·00 to –37·61), and also the YLL rate considerably decreased (–40·56% [–43·16 to –37·74]), except for mental disorders (which increased by 32·18% [1·67 to 66·49]), whereas the YLD rate increased slightly (1·44% [0·09 to 2·79]). Positive correlations were observed between DALY rates and SDIs for substance use disorders (rs=0·58, p=0·0012) and skin and subcutaneous diseases (rs=0·45, p=0·017), whereas negative correlations were found between DALY rates and SDIs for cardiovascular diseases (rs=–0·46, p=0·015), neoplasms (rs=–0·57, p=0·0015), and sense organ diseases (rs=–0·61, p=0·0005). Interpretation:NCD-related mortality has substantially declined among adolescents in the EU between 1990 and 2019, but the rising trend of YLL attributed to mental disorders and their YLD burden are concerning. Differences by sex, age group, and across EU Member States highlight the importance of preventive interventions and scaling up adolescent-responsive health-care systems, which should prioritise specific needs by sex, age, and location. Funding: Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.
Published: 2022
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20. Methodological considerations in injury burden of disease studies across Europe: a systematic literature review

Author: Charalampous, Periklis, Pallari, Elena, Gorasso, Vanessa, von der Lippe, Elena, Devleesschauwer, Brecht, Pires, Sara M, Plass, Dietrich, Idavain, Jane, Ngwa, Che Henry, Noguer, Isabel, Padron- Monedero, Alicia, Sarmiento, Rodrigo, Majdan, Marek, Ádám, Balázs, AlKerwi, Ala’a, Cilovic- Lagarija, Seila, Clarsen, Benjamin, Corso, Barbara, Cuschieri, Sarah, Dopelt, Keren, Economou, Mary, Fischer, Florian, Freitas, Alberto, García-González, Juan Manuel, Gazzelloni, Federica, Gkitakou, Artemis, Gulmez, Hakan, Hynds, Paul, Isola, Gaetano, Jakobsen, Lea S, Kabir, Zubair, Kissimova-Skarbek, Katarzyna, Knudsen, Ann Kristin, Meriç Konar, Naime, Ladeira, Carina, Lassen, Brian, Liew, Aaron, Majer, Marjeta, Mechili, Enkeleint A, Mereke, Alibek, Monasta, Lorenzo, Mondello, Stefania, Morgado, Joana Nazaré, Nena, Evangelia, Ng Edmond S.W., Niranjan, Vikram, Nola, Iskra Alexandra, O’Caoimh, Rónán, Petrou, Panagiotis, Pinheiro, Vera, Ortiz, Miguel Reina, Riva, Silva, Samouda, Hanen, Santos, João Vasco, Santoso, Cornelia Melinda Adi, Santric Milicevic, Milena, Skempes, Dimitrios, Sousa, Ana Catarina, Speybroeck, Niko, Tozija, Fimka, Unim, Brigid, Uysal, Hilal Bektaş, Vaccaro, Fabrizio Giovanni, Varga, Orsolya, Vasic, Milena, Violante, Francesco Saverio, Wyper, Grant M. A., Polinder, Suzzane, Haagsma, Juanita A., No funding was received for this study, Tıp Fakültesi, Naime Meriç Konar / 0000-0002-6593-7617, Charalampous P., Pallari E., Gorasso V., von der Lippe E., Devleesschauwer B., Pires S.M., Plass D., Idavain J., Ngwa C.H., Noguer I., Padron-Monedero A., Sarmiento R., Majdan M., Adam B., AlKerwi A., Cilovic-Lagarija S., Clarsen B., Corso B., Cuschieri S., Dopelt K., Economou M., Fischer F., Freitas A., Garcia-Gonzalez J.M., Gazzelloni F., Gkitakou A., Gulmez H., Hynds P., Isola G., Jakobsen L.S., Kabir Z., Kissimova-Skarbek K., Knudsen A.K., Konar N.M., Ladeira C., Lassen B., Liew A., Majer M., Mechili E.A., Mereke A., Monasta L., Mondello S., Morgado J.N., Nena E., Ng E.S.W., Niranjan V., Nola I.A., O'Caoimh R., Petrou P., Pinheiro V., Ortiz M.R., Riva S., Samouda H., Santos J.V., Santoso C.M.A., Milicevic M.S., Skempes D., Sousa A.C., Speybroeck N., Tozija F., Unim B., Uysal H.B., Vaccaro F.G., Varga O., Vasic M., Violante F.S., Wyper G.M.A., Polinder S., Haagsma J.A., and Repositório da Universidade de Lisboa
Subjects: Burden of Injury, Burden of disease, Disability-adjusted life years, Review, Methodology, Disability-adjusted life year, Global Burden of Disease, Carga Global de Enfermedades, Costo de Enfermedad, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, Cost of Illness, HEALTH BURDEN, Medicine and Health Sciences, Humans, Disabled Persons, TRAUMA, Personas con Discapacidad, ADJUSTED LIFE YEARS, MORTALITY, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Morbilidad, Enfermedades, EVOLUTION, Europe, SERIOUS ROAD INJURIES, SAFETY, Años de Vida Ajustados por Calidad de Vida, DISABILITY WEIGHTS, Quality-Adjusted Life Years, Review Methodology, TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS
Abstract: © The Author(s) 2022. Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data., Background: Calculating the disease burden due to injury is complex, as it requires many methodological choices. Until now, an overview of the methodological design choices that have been made in burden of disease (BoD) studies in injury populations is not available. The aim of this systematic literature review was to identify existing injury BoD studies undertaken across Europe and to comprehensively review the methodological design choices and assumption parameters that have been made to calculate years of life lost (YLL) and years lived with disability (YLD) in these studies. Methods: We searched EMBASE, MEDLINE, Cochrane Central, Google Scholar, and Web of Science, and the grey literature supplemented by handsearching, for BoD studies. We included injury BoD studies that quantified the BoD expressed in YLL, YLD, and disability-adjusted life years (DALY) in countries within the European Region between early-1990 and mid-2021. Results: We retrieved 2,914 results of which 48 performed an injury-specific BoD assessment. Single-country independent and Global Burden of Disease (GBD)-linked injury BoD studies were performed in 11 European countries. Approximately 79% of injury BoD studies reported the BoD by external cause-of-injury. Most independent studies used the incidence-based approach to calculate YLDs. About half of the injury disease burden studies applied disability weights (DWs) developed by the GBD study. Almost all independent injury studies have determined YLL using national life tables. Conclusions: Considerable methodological variation across independent injury BoD assessments was observed; differences were mainly apparent in the design choices and assumption parameters towards injury YLD calculations, implementation of DWs, and the choice of life table for YLL calculations. Development and use of guidelines for performing and reporting of injury BoD studies is crucial to enhance transparency and comparability of injury BoD estimates across Europe and beyond.
Published: 2022
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21. The global burden of cancer attributable to risk factors, 2010–19 : A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Author: Khanh Bao Tran, Justin J Lang, Kelly Compton, Rixing Xu, Alistair R Acheson, Hannah Jacqueline Henrikson, Jonathan M Kocarnik, Louise Penberthy, Amirali Aali, Qamar Abbas, Behzad Abbasi, Mohsen Abbasi-Kangevari, Zeinab Abbasi-Kangevari, Hedayat Abbastabar, Michael Abdelmasseh, Sherief Abd-Elsalam, Ahmed Abdelwahab Abdelwahab, Gholamreza Abdoli, Hanan Abdulkadir Abdulkadir, Aidin Abedi, Kedir Hussein Abegaz, Hassan Abidi, Richard Gyan Aboagye, Hassan Abolhassani, Abdorrahim Absalan, Yonas Derso Abtew, Hiwa Abubaker Ali, Eman Abu-Gharbieh, Basavaprabhu Achappa, Juan Manuel Acuna, Daniel Addison, Isaac Yeboah Addo, Oyelola A Adegboye, Miracle Ayomikun Adesina, Mohammad Adnan, Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah Adnani, Shailesh M Advani, Sumia Afrin, Muhammad Sohail Afzal, Manik Aggarwal, Bright Opoku Ahinkorah, Araz Ramazan Ahmad, Rizwan Ahmad, Sajjad Ahmad, Sohail Ahmad, Sepideh Ahmadi, Haroon Ahmed, Luai A Ahmed, Muktar Beshir Ahmed, Tarik Ahmed Rashid, Wajeeha Aiman, Marjan Ajami, Gizachew Taddesse Akalu, Mostafa Akbarzadeh-Khiavi, Addis Aklilu, Maxwell Akonde, Chisom Joyqueenet Akunna, Hanadi Al Hamad, Fares Alahdab, Fahad Mashhour Alanezi, Turki M Alanzi, Saleh Ali Alessy, Abdelazeem M Algammal, Mohammed Khaled Al-Hanawi, Robert Kaba Alhassan, Beriwan Abdulqadir Ali, Liaqat Ali, Syed Shujait Ali, Yousef Alimohamadi, Vahid Alipour, Syed Mohamed Aljunid, Motasem Alkhayyat, Sadeq Ali Ali Al-Maweri, Sami Almustanyir, Nivaldo Alonso, Shehabaldin Alqalyoobi, Rajaa M Al-Raddadi, Rami H Hani Al-Rifai, Salman Khalifah Al-Sabah, Ala'a B Al-Tammemi, Haya Altawalah, Nelson Alvis-Guzman, Firehiwot Amare, Edward Kwabena Ameyaw, Javad Javad Aminian Dehkordi, Mohammad Hosein Amirzade-Iranaq, Hubert Amu, Ganiyu Adeniyi Amusa, Robert Ancuceanu, Jason A Anderson, Yaregal Animut Animut, Amir Anoushiravani, Ali Arash Anoushirvani, Alireza Ansari-Moghaddam, Mustafa Geleto Ansha, Benny Antony, Maxwell Hubert Antwi, Sumadi Lukman Anwar, Razique Anwer, Anayochukwu Edward Anyasodor, 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Guadie, H, Gubari, M, Gudayu, T, Guerra, M, Gunawardane, D, Gupta, B, Gupta, S, Gupta, V, Gurara, M, Guta, A, Habibzadeh, P, Haddadi Avval, A, Hafezi-Nejad, N, Hajj Ali, A, Haj-Mirzaian, A, Halboub, E, Halimi, A, Halwani, R, Hamadeh, R, Hameed, S, Hamidi, S, Hanif, A, Hariri, S, Harlianto, N, Haro, J, Hartono, R, Hasaballah, A, Hasan, S, Hasani, H, Hashemi, S, Hassan, A, Hassanipour, S, Hayat, K, Heidari, G, Heidari, M, Heidarymeybodi, Z, Herrera-Serna, B, Herteliu, C, Hezam, K, Hiraike, Y, Hlongwa, M, Holla, R, Holm, M, Horita, N, Hoseini, M, Hossain, M, Hosseini, M, Hosseinzadeh, A, Hosseinzadeh, M, Hostiuc, M, Hostiuc, S, Househ, M, Huang, J, Hugo, F, Humayun, A, Hussain, S, Hussein, N, Hwang, B, Ibitoye, S, Iftikhar, P, Ikuta, K, Ilesanmi, O, Ilic, I, Ilic, M, Immurana, M, Innos, K, Iranpour, P, Irham, L, Islam, M, Islam, R, Islami, F, Ismail, N, Isola, G, Iwagami, M, J, L, Jaiswal, A, Jakovljevic, M, Jalili, M, Jalilian, S, Jamshidi, E, Jang, S, Jani, C, Javaheri, T, Jayarajah, U, Jayaram, S, Jazayeri, S, Jebai, R, Jemal, B, Jeong, W, Jha, R, Jindal, H, John-Akinola, Y, Jonas, J, Joo, T, Joseph, N, Joukar, F, Jozwiak, J, Jurisson, M, Kabir, A, Kacimi, S, Kadashetti, V, Kahe, F, Kakodkar, P, Kalankesh, L, Kalhor, R, Kamal, V, Kamangar, F, Kamath, A, Kanchan, T, Kandaswamy, E, Kandel, H, Kang, H, Kanno, G, Kapoor, N, Kar, S, Karanth, S, Karaye, I, Karch, A, Karimi, A, Kassa, B, Katoto, P, Kauppila, J, Kaur, H, Kebede, A, Keikavoosi-Arani, L, Kejela, G, Kemp Bohan, P, Keramati, M, Keykhaei, M, Khajuria, H, Khan, A, Khan, E, Khan, G, Khan, M, Khanali, J, Khatab, K, Khatatbeh, M, Khatib, M, Khayamzadeh, M, Khayat Kashani, H, Khazeei Tabari, M, Khezeli, M, Khodadost, M, Kim, M, Kim, Y, Kisa, A, Kisa, S, Klugar, M, Klugarova, J, Kolahi, A, Kolkhir, P, Kompani, F, Koul, P, Koulmane Laxminarayana, S, Koyanagi, A, Krishan, K, Krishnamoorthy, Y, Kucuk Bicer, B, Kugbey, N, Kulimbet, M, Kumar, A, Kumar, G, Kumar, N, Kurmi, O, Kuttikkattu, A, La Vecchia, C, Lahiri, A, Lal, D, Lam, J, Lan, Q, Landires, I, Larijani, B, Lasrado, S, Lau, J, Lauriola, P, Ledda, C, Lee, S, Lee, W, Lee, Y, Legesse, S, Leigh, J, Leong, E, Li, M, Lim, S, Liu, G, Liu, J, Lo, C, Lohiya, A, Lopukhov, P, Lorenzovici, L, Lotfi, M, Loureiro, J, Lunevicius, R, Madadizadeh, F, Mafi, A, Magdeldin, S, Mahjoub, S, Mahmoodpoor, A, Mahmoudi, M, Mahmoudimanesh, M, Mahumud, R, Majeed, A, Majidpoor, J, Makki, A, Makris, K, Malakan Rad, E, Malekpour, M, Malekzadeh, R, Malik, A, Mallhi, T, Mallya, S, Mamun, M, Manda, A, Mansour-Ghanaei, F, Mansouri, B, Mansournia, M, Mantovani, L, Martini, S, Martorell, M, Masoudi, S, Masoumi, S, Matei, C, Mathews, E, Mathur, M, Mathur, V, Mckee, M, Meena, J, Mehmood, K, Mehrabi Nasab, E, Mehrotra, R, Melese, A, Mendoza, W, Menezes, R, Mengesha, S, Mensah, L, Mentis, A, Mera-Mamian, A, Meretoja, T, Merid, M, Mersha, A, Meselu, B, Meshkat, M, Mestrovic, T, Miao Jonasson, J, Miazgowski, T, Michalek, I, Mijena, G, Miller, T, Mir, S, Mirinezhad, S, Mirmoeeni, S, Mirza-Aghazadeh-Attari, M, Mirzaei, H, Misganaw, A, Misra, S, Mohammad, K, Mohammadi, E, Mohammadi, M, Mohammadian-Hafshejani, A, Mohammadpourhodki, R, Mohammed, A, Mohammed, S, Mohan, S, Mohseni, M, Moka, N, Mokdad, A, Molassiotis, A, Molokhia, M, Momenzadeh, K, Momtazmanesh, S, Monasta, L, Mons, U, Montasir, A, Montazeri, F, Montero, A, Moosavi, M, Moradi, A, Moradi, Y, Moradi Sarabi, M, Moraga, P, Morawska, L, Morrison, S, Morze, J, Mosapour, A, Mostafavi, E, Mousavi, S, Mousavi Isfahani, H, Mousavi Khaneghah, A, Mpundu-Kaambwa, C, Mubarik, S, Mulita, F, Munblit, D, Munro, S, Murillo-Zamora, E, Musa, J, Nabhan, A, Nagarajan, A, Nagaraju, S, Nagel, G, Naghipour, M, Naimzada, M, Nair, T, Naqvi, A, Narasimha Swamy, S, Narayana, A, Nassereldine, H, Natto, Z, Nayak, B, Ndejjo, R, Nduaguba, S, Negash, W, Nejadghaderi, S, Nejati, K, Neupane Kandel, S, Nguyen, H, Niazi, R, Noor, N, Noori, M, Noroozi, N, Nouraei, H, Nowroozi, A, Nunez-Samudio, V, Nzoputam, C, Nzoputam, O, Oancea, B, Odukoya, O, Oghenetega, O, Ogunsakin, R, Oguntade, A, Oh, I, Okati-Aliabad, H, Okekunle, A, Olagunju, A, Olagunju, T, Olakunde, B, Olufadewa, I, Omer, E, Omonisi, A, Ong, S, Onwujekwe, O, Orru, H, Otstavnov, S, Oulhaj, A, Oumer, B, Owopetu, O, Oyinloye, B, P A, M, Padron-Monedero, A, Padubidri, J, Pakbin, B, Pakshir, K, Pakzad, R, Palicz, T, Pana, A, Pandey, A, Pant, S, Pardhan, S, Park, E, Park, S, Patel, J, Pati, S, Paudel, R, Paudel, U, Paun, M, Pazoki Toroudi, H, Peng, M, Pereira, J, Pereira, R, Perna, S, Perumalsamy, N, Pestell, R, Pezzani, R, Piccinelli, C, Pillay, J, Piracha, Z, Pischon, T, Postma, M, Pourabhari Langroudi, A, Pourshams, A, Pourtaheri, N, Prashant, A, Qadir, M, Quazi Syed, Z, Rabiee, M, Rabiee, N, Radfar, A, Radhakrishnan, R, Radhakrishnan, V, Raeisi, M, Rafiee, A, Rafiei, A, Raheem, N, Rahim, F, Rahman, M, Rahmani, A, Rahmani, S, Rahmanian, V, Rajai, N, Rajesh, A, Ram, P, Ramezanzadeh, K, Rana, J, Ranabhat, K, Ranasinghe, P, Rao, C, Rao, S, Rashedi, S, Rashidi, A, 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Thomas, N, Ticoalu, J, Tiyuri, A, Tollosa, D, Topor-Madry, R, Touvier, M, Tovani-Palone, M, Traini, E, Tran, M, Tripathy, J, Ukke, G, Ullah, I, Ullah, S, Unnikrishnan, B, Vacante, M, Vaezi, M, Valadan Tahbaz, S, Valdez, P, Vardavas, C, Varthya, S, Vaziri, S, Velazquez, D, Veroux, M, Villeneuve, P, Violante, F, Vladimirov, S, Vlassov, V, Vo, B, Vu, L, Wadood, A, Waheed, Y, Walde, M, Wamai, R, Wang, C, Wang, F, Wang, N, Wang, Y, Ward, P, Waris, A, Westerman, R, Wickramasinghe, N, Woldemariam, M, Woldu, B, Xiao, H, Xu, S, Xu, X, Yadav, L, Yahyazadeh Jabbari, S, Yang, L, Yazdanpanah, F, Yeshaw, Y, Yismaw, Y, Yonemoto, N, Younis, M, Yousefi, Z, Yousefian, F, Yu, C, Yu, Y, Yunusa, I, Zahir, M, Zaki, N, Zaman, B, Zangiabadian, M, Zare, F, Zare, I, Zareshahrabadi, Z, Zarrintan, A, Zastrozhin, M, Zeineddine, M, Zhang, D, Zhang, J, Zhang, Y, Zhang, Z, Zhou, L, Zodpey, S, Zoladl, M, Vos, T, Hay, S, Force, L, Murray, C, Epidemiologie, RS: NUTRIM - R3 - Respiratory & Age-related Health, Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Kuwait University (Kuwait), Ministry of Higher Education (Malasia), Lega Italiana per la Lotta ai Tumori, Health Effects Institute (Estados Unidos), Unión Europea. Comisión Europea. European Research Council (ERC), Unión Europea. Comisión Europea. H2020, Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia (Portugal), African-German Network of Excellence in Science (AGNES), Federal Ministry of Education & Research (Alemania), Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Novo Nordisk Foundation, National Institute for Health Research (Reino Unido), National Health and Medical Research Council (Australia), Romanian National Authority for Scientific Research and Innovation, Romanian Ministry of Research Innovation and Digitalization, Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development (Serbia), Sigrid Jusélius Foundation, Finnish Cancer Foundation, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences (India), Xiamen University (Malasia), Manipal Academy of Higher Education (India), Panjab University (India), Sistema Nacional de Investigación (Panamá), Secretaría Nacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación (Panamá), Ministry of Science and Technology (Taiwan), Lung Foundation Australia, National Natural Science Foundation of China, Wellcome Trust, UNSW Sydney (Australia), ICMR - National Institute of Epidemiology (India), University of Tasmania (Australia), National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (Brasil), Coordenação de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (Brasil), Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (Irán), Ain Shams University (Egipto), International Center of Medical Sciences Research (Islamabad), National Institutes of Health (Estados Unidos), University of Oxford (Reino Unido), National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (Irán), Marga und Walter Boll - Stiftung, Ministero della Salute (Italia), IRCCS Materno Infantile Burlo Garofolo (Italia), King College London, Wellcome Trust/DBT India Alliance (India), Public Health, University of St Andrews. School of Medicine, and University of St Andrews. Population and Behavioural Science Division
Subjects: Male, DEATHS, DALY, cancer, risk factors, Medizin, systematic analysis, Global Health, Risk Assessment, Cancer prevention, Global Burden of Disease, RC0254, Risk-attributable cancer deaths, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, RA0421, Risk Factors, RA0421 Public health. Hygiene. Preventive Medicine, Quality-Adjusted Life Year, Neoplasms, cancer, Humans, Global Burden of Disease Study, UK, Medicine(all), MCC, RC0254 Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology (including Cancer), Risk Factor, Smoking, COVID-19, 3rd-DAS, General Medicine, Disability-adjusted life-years, SOCIAL DETERMINANTS, Risk assessments, risk factor, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, 3121 General medicine, internal medicine and other clinical medicine, OBESITY, Cancer burden, Neoplasm, Female, LIFE-STYLE, Quality-Adjusted Life Years, HEALTH, RA, Human, RC
Abstract: Background: Understanding the magnitude of cancer burden attributable to potentially modifiable risk factors is crucial for development of effective prevention and mitigation strategies. We analysed results from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019 to inform cancer control planning efforts globally. Methods: The GBD 2019 comparative risk assessment framework was used to estimate cancer burden attributable to behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risk factors. A total of 82 risk-outcome pairs were included on the basis of the World Cancer Research Fund criteria. Estimated cancer deaths and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) in 2019 and change in these measures between 2010 and 2019 are presented. Findings: Globally, in 2019, the risk factors included in this analysis accounted for 4·45 million (95% uncertainty interval 4·01-4·94) deaths and 105 million (95·0-116) DALYs for both sexes combined, representing 44·4% (41·3-48·4) of all cancer deaths and 42·0% (39·1-45·6) of all DALYs. There were 2·88 million (2·60-3·18) risk-attributable cancer deaths in males (50·6% [47·8-54·1] of all male cancer deaths) and 1·58 million (1·36-1·84) risk-attributable cancer deaths in females (36·3% [32·5-41·3] of all female cancer deaths). The leading risk factors at the most detailed level globally for risk-attributable cancer deaths and DALYs in 2019 for both sexes combined were smoking, followed by alcohol use and high BMI. Risk-attributable cancer burden varied by world region and Socio-demographic Index (SDI), with smoking, unsafe sex, and alcohol use being the three leading risk factors for risk-attributable cancer DALYs in low SDI locations in 2019, whereas DALYs in high SDI locations mirrored the top three global risk factor rankings. From 2010 to 2019, global risk-attributable cancer deaths increased by 20·4% (12·6-28·4) and DALYs by 16·8% (8·8-25·0), with the greatest percentage increase in metabolic risks (34·7% [27·9-42·8] and 33·3% [25·8-42·0]). Interpretation: The leading risk factors contributing to global cancer burden in 2019 were behavioural, whereas metabolic risk factors saw the largest increases between 2010 and 2019. Reducing exposure to these modifiable risk factors would decrease cancer mortality and DALY rates worldwide, and policies should be tailored appropriately to local cancer risk factor burden. We are grateful to the surveillance systems, including cancer registries, that generated and shared observed cancer burden data. S M Aljunid acknowledges the Department of Health Policy and Management, College of Public Health, Kuwait University for the approval and support to participate in this research project. H Ariffin acknowledges support from the Ministry of Higher Education, Malaysia (grant FRGS/1/2021/SKK0/UM/01/1). F Barra acknowledges support from Lega Italiana per la Lotta contro i Tumori - LILT - Bando 5 x 1000 anno 2019. L Belo and M Carvalho acknowledge the support from FCT in the scope of the project UIDP/04378/2020 and UIDB/04378/2020 of UCIBIO and the project LA/P/0140/2020 of i4HB. A J Cohen was supported by the Health Effects Institute, Boston, MA, USA. J Conde acknowledges financial support from the European Research Council - ERC Starting Grant 848325. V M Costa acknowledges her grant (SFRH/BHD/110001/2015), received by Portuguese national funds through Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia (FCT), IP, under the Norma Transitória DL57/2016/CP1334/CT0006. T C Ekundayo was supported by the African-German Network of Excellence in Science (AGNES), the Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) and the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation (AvH). N Ghith acknowledges support from a grant from Novo Nordisk Foundation (NNF16OC0021856). J C Glasbey is support by a Doctoral Research Fellowship from the National Institute of Health Research (NIHR300175). V K Gupta and V B Gupta acknowledge funding support from National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC), Australia. C Herteliu, A Pana, and M Ausloos acknowledge partial support by a grant of the Romanian National Authority for Scientific Research and Innovation, CNDS-UEFISCDI, project number PN-III-P4-ID-PCCF-2016-0084. C Herteliu is also partially supported by a grant of the Romanian Ministry of Research Innovation and Digitalization, MCID, project number ID-585-CTR-42-PFE-2021. S Hussain was supported from Operational Programme Research, Development and Education–Project, Postdoc2MUNI (number CZ.02.2. 69/0.0/0.0/18_053/0016952). M Jakovljevic acknowledges partial support through the grant OI 175 014 of the Ministry of Education Science and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia. J H Kauppila acknowledges research grants from Sigrid Jusélius Foundation and the Finnish Cancer Foundation. M N Khatib acknowledges support from Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences (deemed-to-be-university). Y J Kim was supported by the Research Management Centre, Xiamen University Malaysia [XMUMRF/2020-C6/ITCM/0004]. S L Koulmane Laxminarayana acknowledges institutional assistance by Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal. K Krishan is supported by the UGC Centre of Advanced Study (Phase II), awarded to the Department of Anthropology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India. I Landires is a member of the Sistema Nacional de Investigación (SNI), which is supported by Panama’s Secretaría Nacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación (SENACYT). M-C Li was supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan (MOST 110-2314-B-003-001). G Liu acknowledges support from the CREATE Hope scientific fellowship from Lung Foundation Australia. J Liu acknowledges support from the National Natural Science Foundation (72122001). J A Loureiro was supported by Scientific Employment Stimulus (FCT; CEECINST/00049/2018). E Mathews is supported by a Clinical and Public Health Early Career Fellowship (grant number IA/CPHE/17/1/503345) from the DBT India Alliance/Wellcome Trust Department of Biotechnology, India Alliance (2018–2023). T J Meretoja was supported by an unrestricted grant from Cancer Foundation Finland sr. S Mohammed acknowledges a fellowship grant from Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, outside the submitted work. M Molokhia is supported by the National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Center at Guy’s and St Thomas’ National Health Service Foundation Trust and King’s College London. L Monasta received support from the Italian Ministry of Health at the Institute for Maternal and Child Health IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste - Italy (RC 34/2017). U Mons is supported by the Marga and Walter Boll Foundation, Kerpen, Germany. M A Moosavi acknowledges the financial support of National Institute of Genetics Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB). J Musa acknowledges support from the NIH/FICK43TW011416 for research-protected time for cervical cancer research and career development at University of Jos. V Nuñez-Samudio is a member of the Sistema Nacional de Investigación (SNI), which is supported by Panama’s Secretaría Nacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación (SENACYT). O O Odukoya acknowledges support by the Fogarty International Center of the National Institutes of Health under the award number K43TW010704 for research-protected time. The content is solely the responsibility of all the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health. A S Oguntade acknowledges funding by a doctoral scholarship from the Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford (Oxford Population Health). J R Padubidri acknowledges Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal for their constant support in research collaborations. R G Pestell acknowledges support from NIH grant W81XWH1810605 Breast Cancer Research, Breakthrough Grant R21 CA235139-01. Z Z Piracha acknowledges the International Center of Medical Sciences Research (ICMSR), Islamabad (44000), Pakistan. R A Radhakrishnan acknowledges support from Wellcome Trust/DBT India Alliance - IA/CPHI/18/1/503927. U Saeed acknowledges the International Center of Medical Sciences Research (ICMSR), Islamabad, Pakistan. A M Samy acknowledges the support from Ain Shams University and the Egyptian Fulbright Mission Program. F Sha was supported by the Shenzhen Science and Technology Program (grant number KQTD20190929172835662). H R Shahsavari acknowledges the Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS) Research Council. A Shetty acknowledges Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal for all the academic support. D A S Silva acknowledges financing in part by the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior—Brazil (CAPES)—Finance Code 001 and D A S Silva is supported in part by CNPq-Brazil (309589/2021-5). L M L R Silva was supported by project CENTRO-04-3559-FSE-000162, Fundo Social Europeu (FSE). Am Singh is supported by the International Graduate Research Scholarship, University of Tasmania. R Suliankatchi Abdulkader acknowledges support from ICMR—National Institute of Epidemiology. B Unnikrishnan acknowledges Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal. H Xiao acknowledges support from the Public Health Sciences Division of the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center. X Xu is supported by the University of New South Wales (Australia) Scientia Program. C Yu was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant number 82173626) and Wuhan Medical Research Program of Joint Fund of Hubei Health Committee (grant number WJ2019H304). Sí
Published: 2022
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21 results on '"Charalampous P"'

1. Burden of infectious disease studies in Europe and the United Kingdom: a review of methodological design choices

2. The burden of injury in Central, Eastern, and Western European sub‑region: a systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Disease 2019 Study

3. Burden of non-communicable diseases in Cyprus, 1990-2017: findings from the Global Burden of Disease 2017 study

4. Bias voltage effect on the mechanical properties, adhesion and milling performance of PVD films on cemented carbide inserts

5. Bias voltage optimum adjustment considering coatings' strength and adhesion requirements when cutting various steels

6. Worsening epidemiological situation of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae in Europe, assessment by national experts from 37 countries, July 2018

7. Development of marine multi-algae cultures for biodiesel production

8. Fatigue and adhesion characterization of DLC coatings on steel substrates by perpendicular and inclined impact tests

9. Effect of the interface fatigue strength of NCD coated hardmetal inserts on their cutting performance in milling

10. Brittleness and fatigue effect of mono- and multi-layer PVD films on the cutting performance of coated cemented carbide inserts

11. Fatigue strength of diamond coating-substrate interface assessed by inclined impact tests at ambient and elevated temperatures

12. Tree traversal algorithms for real time sound propagation calculation

13. Prediction of coated tools performance in milling based on the film fatigue at different strain rates

14. Clostridium difficile infection in Europe : a hospital-based survey

15. Performance increase of hardmetal cutting tools based on stress-strain strain rate properties of their film

16. Hoi Tsakones kai he Tsakonia: Symbole sten hermeneia ton onomaton kai tou homonymou Byzantinou thesmou ton kastrophylakon [The Tsacones and Tsaconia: A Contribution to the Meaning of the Terms and of the Byzantine Institution of the Fortress-Garrison of the Same Name]

17. Pan-European longitudinal surveillance of antibiotic resistance among prevalent Clostridium difficile ribotypes

18. The burden of injury in Central, Eastern, and Western European sub-region: a systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Disease 2019 Study

19. Burden of non-communicable diseases among adolescents aged 10-24 years in the EU, 1990-2019: a systematic analysis of the Global Burden of Diseases Study 2019

20. Methodological considerations in injury burden of disease studies across Europe: a systematic literature review

21. The global burden of cancer attributable to risk factors, 2010–19 : A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

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